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Purpose Recently, a “U” hazard ratio curve between resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and prognosis has been observed in patients referred for routine clinical echocardiograms. The present study sought to explore whether a similar “U” curve existed between resting LVEF and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients without severe cardiovascular disease (CVD) and whether impaired CFR played a role in the adverse outcome of patients with supra-normal LVEF (snLVEF, LVEF ≥ 65%). Methods Two hundred ten consecutive patients (mean age 52.3 ± 9.3 years, 104 women) without severe CVD underwent clinically indicated rest/dipyridamole stress electrocardiography (ECG)-gated 13 N-ammonia positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were followed up for 27.3 ± 9.5 months, including heart failure, late revascularization, re-hospitalization, and re-coronary angiography for any cardiac reason. Clinical characteristics, corrected CFR (cCFR), and MACE were compared among the three groups categorized by resting LVEF detected by PET/CT. Dose–response analyses using restricted cubic spline (RCS) functions, multivariate logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were conducted to evaluate the relationship between resting LVEF and CFR/outcome. Results An inverted “U” curve existed between resting LVEF and cCFR (p = 0.06). Both patients with snLVEF (n = 38) and with reduced LVEF (rLVEF, LVEF n = 66) displayed a higher incidence of reduced cCFR than those with normal LVEF (nLVEF, 55% ≤ LVEF n = 106) (57.9% vs 54.5% vs 34.3%, p p p p = 0.01). Conclusions Patients with snLVEF are prone to impaired cCFR, which may be related to the adverse prognosis. Further investigations are warranted to explore its underlying pathological mechanism and clinical significance.

The innovative design of Fe2TiO5 nanorods and the loading of NiMoO4/CoMoO4 nanosheet cocatalyst greatly improved the performance for oxidation of water.

An enhanced OER catalyst based on Fe doped CePO4 exhibits higher turnover frequency, more active sites and more oxygen vacancies than CePO4.

Well-designed second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorophores are promising in optical diagnosis and therapy of tumors. In this work, we synthesized a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) NIR-II fluorophore named BBTD-BET with dithienylethene as an electron donor and benzobisthiadiazole as an electron acceptor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of using dithienylethene, a typical photochromic molecule, as a building block for NIR-II fluorophores. We studied the geometrical configuration, electronic state, and optical properties of BBTD-BET by both theoretical and experimental means. BBTD-BET had absorption and emission in the NIR-I and NIR-II spectral ranges, respectively. Using PEGylated BBTD-BET as a theranostic agent, we achieved NIR-II fluorescence/photoacoustic (PA) dual-modal imaging and attained high imaging resolution, desired signal-to-noise ratio, and excellent photothermal therapy (PTT) efficacy. After one PTT treatment, the tumors established in mice were eradicated. This work provides a novel organic conjugated molecule integrating NIR-II/PA dual-modal imaging and PTT functionalities that is very promising in the theranostic of tumors.

Existing machine learning-based malware traffic recognition techniques can effectively detect abnormal behaviors in the network. However, almost all of them focus on a closed-set scenario in which the data used for training and testing come from the same label space. Since sophisticated malware and advanced persistent threats are evolving, it is impossible to exhaust all attacks to train a complete recognition model under the existing technical conditions. Therefore, recognition in the real network is an open-set problem, i.e., the recognition system should identify unknown and unseen attacks at test time. In this paper, we propose an uncertainty-aware method to identify known malicious traffic accurately and handle unknown traffic effectively. This method employs predictive uncertainty in deep learning as an indicator for unknown class detection. The predictive uncertainty represents the confidence in neural network predictions. In particular, the Deep Evidence Malware Traffic Recognition (DEMTR) model is presented to provide the multi-classification probability and predictive uncertainty in open-set scenarios using evidential deep learning. We demonstrate the performance of DEMTR on the MCFP dataset. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model outperforms the baseline methods in accuracy and F1-score.

Antimony sulfide, as a binary chalcogenide, has attracted great attention in the field of optoelectronics in recent years, particularly in photovoltaics, because of its striking merits such as earth elements abundance, excellent stability, chemical versatility, and solution processability. With the rapid development of fabrication techniques and device engineering, the device performance of Sb

Deep learning is successful in providing adequate classification results in the field of traffic classification due to its ability to characterize features. However, malicious traffic captures insufficient data and identity tags, which makes it difficult to reach the data volume required to drive deep learning. The problem of classifying small-sample malicious traffic has gradually become a research hotspot. This paper proposes a small-sample malicious traffic classification method based on deep transfer learning. The proposed DA-Transfer method significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the small-sample malicious traffic classification model by integrating both data and model transfer adaptive modules. The data adaptation module promotes the consistency of the distribution between the source and target datasets, which improves the classification performance by adaptive training of the prior model. In addition, the model transfer adaptive module recommends the transfer network structure parameters, which effectively improves the network training efficiency. Experiments show that the average classification accuracy of the DA-Transfer method reaches 93.01% on a small-sample dataset with less than 200 packets per class. The training efficiency of the DA-Transfer model is improved by 20.02% compared to traditional transfer methods.

Necroptosis has been recently confirmed as a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death. Discovery of novel chemical entities, capable of inducing necroptosis of cancer cells, is likely to act as an alternative strategy for dealing with drug resistance clinically. In this study, the identification of a novel Pleuromutilin derivative (compound 38) is presented, capable of significantly increasing the cellular level of ROS and inducing melanoma cancer cell death via necroptosis. Furthermore, compound 38 noticeably ablated various cancer stem cells and inhibited the growth of melanoma cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, 38 exhibited low toxicity in animal models and excellent PK properties, which is currently being verified as a potential anticancer drug candidate.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) refers to one of the most lethal blood malignancies worldwide. FLT3-ITD mutation is recognized as the most common one that predicted a poorer prognosis. There have been many prominent FLT3-ITD inhibitors approved by the FDA for clinical therapies. However, as impacted by undesirable off-target effects, differentiated metabolic issues, and clinical drug resistance problems, it remains challenging to discover alternative and promising solutions for treating FLT3-ITD+ AML. In this study, dovitinib was chemically modified and converted into CRBN-recruiting PROTACs. Two active compounds were identified, which showed enhanced antiproliferative effects against FLT3-ITD+ AML cells, both in vitro and in vivo. As demonstrated from further biological evaluation, the compounds could induce the degradation of the FLT3-ITD and KIT proteins in a ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent manner and completely block their downstream signaling pathway. The findings of this study would provide another promising strategy to develop novel therapies for FLT3-ITD+ AML.

Accurate object detection and classification has a broad application in industrial tasks, such as fabric defect and invoice detection. Previous state-of-the-art methods such as SSD and Faster-RCNN usually need to carefully adjust anchor box related hyper parameters and have poor performance in special fields with large object size/ratio variations and complex background texture. In this study, we proposed a new accurate, robust, and anchor-free method to handle automatic object detection and classification problems. First, we used the feature pyramid network (FPN), to merge the feature maps of different scales of features extracted from a convolutional neural network (CNN), which allowed easy and robust multi-scale feature fusion. Second, we built two subnets to generate candidate region proposals from the FPN outputs. followed by another CNN that determined the categories of the proposed regions from the two subnets.

There are a substantial number of residential buildings situated in summer hot and winter cold climate zone of China, with tremendous energy consumption. In this work, we proposed a novel passive double-heating and double-cooling system, and integrated it into the residential buildings within this climate zone, aiming at improvement of the building energy efficiency. The proposed passive system includes a passive double-heating system (i.e., solar heating and water-to-air heating) and a passive double-cooling system (i.e., vegetation transpiration cooling and water-to-air cooling). Furthermore, a stand-alone residential building was selected as the study building, to evaluate its energy efficiency by applying the proposed passive system. Due to the passive system with double-heating and double-cooling functions, the indoor thermal comfort in the study building can be improved more significantly, in comparison with the base case. Moreover, a novel hydraulic-driven ventilation device was designed as an air-driven apparatus for the proposed passive system. Through air movement driven by the solar chimney and the hydraulic-driven ventilation device, the proposed passive system can be run without energy supply, under both the clear and rainy weather conditions. According to the numerical modeling, a total annual energy saving of 5523.42 kWh (i.e., energy saving rate of 39%) was achieved in the novel building, compared to the base case. This work focused on the passive double-heating and double-cooling system is expected to fill the knowledge gap in the building energy saving field.

Structural engineering of highly efficient electrocatalysts based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of great significance for sustainable energy conversion processes. Herein, a novel basal-plane engineering of 2D colloidal VSe2 nanosheets has been developed for highly enhanced HER performance via a synergistic combination of atmosphere plasma (AP) treatment and Co basal-plane doping. Systematic experiments and theoretical calculations show that the AP treatment not only efficiently removes the organic ligands, but also introduces defects and cracks as more active sites on the basal plane; while the Co basal-plane doping and defects further optimize Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorbed on the Se sites. Such AP treated 5 % Co doped VSe2 electrocatalyst exhibits onset overpotential of only 160 mV, Tafel slope of 42 mV/decade and turnover frequency (TOF) of 6.4 S−1 at 260 mV, comparable to the most active TMDs electrocatalysts. This work provides fresh insights into the utilization of “clean surface”, defects/cracks and heteroatom doping on basal plane of 2D nanosheets for catalytic application.

Intramyocardial dissection hematoma (IDH) is an extremely rare complication of myocardial infarction (MI). Echocardiography is the initial imaging modality for IDH in patients with MI. We reported the case of a 74-year-old patient admitted because of abdominal pain and remarkably increased white cell count. He had anterior-wall MI and underwent percutaneous device intervention 8-months ago, his B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was recently diagnosed. Two dimensional echocardiography demonstrated decreased lower-anterior interventricular septum akinesis with the formation of an apical left ventricular aneurysm, and a cavitation with echolucent center formed within the tissue of the apical area was detected. Three-dimensional echocardiography with the true-view effect displayed a clearer image of dissecting flap resembling a sheet of tissue and fibers and bundles in the cavitation suggested dissected myocardium. Compared to the echocardiography performed 3-days ago in his community hospital, the intimal flap with the cavitary lesion in the apical region was newly developed. Therefore, the diagnosis of newly developed IDH was made. Considering hematological malignancy and hemodynamic instability, the patient was managed with conservative pharmacological treatments.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for all organisms. Phosphate (Pi) deficiency reduces grain yield and quality in wheat. Understanding how wheat responds to Pi deficiency at the global transcriptional level remains limited. We revisited the available RNA-seq transcriptome from Pi-starved wheat roots and shoots subjected to Pi starvation. Genome-wide transcriptome resetting was observed under Pi starvation, with a total of 917 and 2338 genes being differentially expressed in roots and shoots, respectively. Chromosomal distribution analysis of the gene triplets and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that the D genome displayed genome induction bias and, specifically, the chromosome 2D might be a key contributor to Pi-limiting triggered gene expression response. Alterations in multiple metabolic pathways pertaining to secondary metabolites, transcription factors and Pi uptake-related genes were evidenced. This study provides genomic insight and the dynamic landscape of the transcriptional changes contributing to the hexaploid wheat during Pi starvation. The outcomes of this study and the follow-up experiments have the potential to assist the development of Pi-efficient wheat cultivars.

Design of hollow nanostructure and controllable phase of mixed metal oxides for improving performance in supercapacitor applications is highly desirable. Here we demonstrate the rational design and synthesis of Mn 3-x Fe x O 4 hollow nanostructures for supercapacitor applications. Owing to high porosity and the specific surface area that provides more active sites for electrochemical reactions, the electrochemical performance of Mn 3-x Fe x O 4 hollow nanostructure substantially enhances comparing with pristine Mn 3 O 4 . Particularly, in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte, Mn 0.16 Fe 2.84 O 4 with a typical diameter of 20 nm exhibits excellent specific capacitance of 2675, 2320, 1662, 987 Fg -1 at current densities of 1, 2, 5, 10 Ag -1 , respectively, which is significantly superior to those of other transition metal oxides. Besides, an asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled by using Mn 0.16 Fe 2.84 O 4 and activated carbon as a positive and a negative electrode, respectively. Electrochemical results indicate a high energy density of 42 Wh kg -1 at a power density of 0.75 kW kg -1 , which makes this hollow nanostructure a highly promising electrode for achieving high-performance next-generation supercapacitors.

Currently, the elimination of gaseous pollutants—particularly nitrogen oxides—has emerged as a significant concern. Among various deNOx technologies, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has gained prominence as the primary approach for NOx abatement, owing to its superior performance. In this study, novel low-temperature SCR catalysts were developed by regulating the pH value and doping cobalt based on a V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 (VMT) catalyst. The results show an increased SCR performance with 82.8% and 91.1% for catalysts after pH (=10) modification (VMT-10) and (1 wt%) Co/pH (=10) modification (1CoVMT-10), respectively. H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, XPS and DRIFTS confirmed that the pH regulation transformed polymerization V species into isolated V5+=O, thus leading to an increase in the number of acid sites, which enhanced the NH3 and NO2 adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the DRIFTS study indicated that the NH3-SCR reaction over 1CoVMT-10 followed the E–R and L–H mechanism.

The effects of aerosol-radiation interactions (ARI) are not only important for regional and global climate, but they can also drive particulate matter (PM) pollution. In this study, the ARI contribution to the near-surface fine PM (PM2.5) concentrations in the Guanzhong Basin (GZB) is evaluated under four unfavorable synoptic patterns, including “north-low”, “transition”, “southeast-trough”, and “inland-high”, based on WRF-Chem model simulations of a persistent heavy PM pollution episode in January 2019. Simulations show that ARI consistently decreases both solar radiation reaching down to the surface (SWDOWN) and surface temperature (TSFC), which then reduces wind speed, induces sinking motion, and influences cloud formation in the GZB. However, large differences under the four synoptic patterns still exist. The average reductions of SWDOWN and daytime TSFC in the GZB range from 15.2% and 1.04°C in the case of the “transition” pattern to 26.7% and 1.69°C in the case of the “north-low” pattern, respectively. Furthermore, ARI suppresses the development of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), with the decrease of PBL height (PBLH) varying from 18.7% in the case of the “transition” pattern to 32.0% in the case of the “north-low” pattern. The increase of daytime near-surface PM2.5 in the GZB due to ARI is 12.0%, 8.1%, 9.5%, and 9.7% under the four synoptic patterns, respectively. Ensemble analyses also reveal that when near-surface PM2.5 concentrations are low, ARI tends to lower PM2.5 concentrations with decreased PBLH, which is caused by enhanced divergence or a transition from divergence to convergence in an area. ARI contributes 15%–25% toward the near-surface PM2.5 concentrations during the severe PM pollution period under the four synoptic patterns.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that patients with hypertension infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at increased risk of acute lung injury. However, it is still not clear whether this increased risk is related to the usage of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers. We collected medical records of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients from the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China), and evaluated the potential impact of an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. A total of 30 hypertensive COVID-19 patients were enrolled, of which 17 were classified as non-ARB group and the remaining 13 as ARB group based on the antihypertensive therapies they received. Compared with the non-ARB group, patients in the ARB group had a lower proportion of severe cases and intensive care unit (ICU) admission as well as shortened length of hospital stay, and manifested favorable results in most of the laboratory testing. Viral loads in the ARB group were lower than those in the non-ARB group throughout the disease course. No significant difference in the time of seroconversion or antibody levels was observed between the two groups. The median levels of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) in serum and urine samples were similar in both groups, and there were no significant correlations between serum sACE2 and biomarkers of disease severity. Transcriptional analysis showed 125 differentially expressed genes which mainly were enriched in oxygen transport, bicarbonate transport, and blood coagulation. Our results suggest that ARB usage is not associated with aggravation of COVID-19. These findings support the maintenance of ARB treatment in hypertensive patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

The requirements for using noncyanide imitation gold plating as decorative electroplating are increasing; thus, continuously improving the quality of the coating of the imitation gold plating and optimizing the coating process have become the current priority. In this experiment, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) was used as the main complexing agent; CuSO4·5H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, and NaSnO3·3H2O were the main salts; and NaOH and sodium carbonate were used as the buffers to prepare the electroplating solution. Using sodium citrate (SC), sodium potassium tartrate (SS), sodium gluconate (SG), and glycerol (Gl) as four additives, the effects of the number of carboxyl groups on the properties of a Cu-Zn-Sn alloy coating were compared. The electrochemical analysis showed that Cu-Zn-Sn alloy codeposition occurred at -0.50 Vvs.Hg|HgO. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the grain size of the coatings obtained with carboxyl-containing additives was more uniform than that obtained with the electroplating solution without additives. The X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) analysis revealed that the composition of the Cu-Zn-Sn alloy coating obtained by using SC as an additive in the electroplating solution was 89.75 wt% Cu, 9.61 wt% Zn, and 0.64 wt% Sn, and the color of the coating was golden yellow. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern showed that the coating was a mixture of Cu, Cu5Zn8, CuSn, Cu6Sn5, and CuZn phases. The analysis of the electroplating solution by UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy methods indicates that the additives improve the coating by affecting the complexation reaction of metal ions. These results can provide technical guidance for developing Cu-Zn-Sn ternary alloy electrodeposition technology with the new cyanide-free HEDP alkaline electroplating system.

In this work, acid-ached carbon fibers decorated by plasmonic Ag nanoparticles (denoted as Ag NPs/ACFs) were facile fabricated and acted as photocatalyst to convert CO2 into high value-added CH3OH. Such photocatalyst afforded a CH3OH evolution rate of 13.9 μmol g−1 h−1 without any sacrifice reagent under visible light (> 420 nm), which is 2.5 times higher than that of Ag NPs/CFs (5.5 μmol g−1 h−1). This excellent performance is ascribed to the accelerated e−/h+ pairs separation and a strong interaction between Ag NPs and carbon fibers resulted by the generation of more oxygen-containing functional groups on carbon fibers, which is caused by acid acid-aching. This study may provide an important reference for plasmonic photocatalyst in potential photocatalytic applications. The Ag NPs/ACFs was prepared by acid aching process coupled with an ultrasonic treatment, which behaved a much higher CH3OH yield than Ag NPs/CFs without acid treatment. The increased polarized oxygen-containing functional group and the favorable interaction between Ag NPs and carbon fibers should be responsible for the significant enhancements.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that causes severe cardiovascular events. B cell lymphoma 2-associated athanogene (BAG3) was proven to participate in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiac diseases, but its role in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the role of BAG3 in atherosclerosis and elucidate the potential molecular mechanism. In this study, ApoE−/− mice were given a tail-vein injection of BAG3-overexpressing lentivirus and fed a 12-week high-fat diet (HFD) to investigate the role of BAG3 in atherosclerosis. The overexpression of BAG3 reduced plaque areas and improved atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Our research proves that BAG3 promotes autophagy in vitro, contributing to the suppression of EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanically, autophagy activation is mediated by BAG3 via the interaction between BAG3 and its chaperones HSP70 and HSPB8. In conclusion, BAG3 facilitates autophagy activation via the formation of the chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) complex interacting with HSP70 and HSPB8, leading to the inhibition of EndMT during the progression of atherosclerosis and indicating that BAG3 is a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.

Bismuth vanadate (BVO) possesses great potential in photoelectrochemical water splitting application, but still suffers from low charge transfer efficiency as well as poor chemical stability. Herein, we have fabricated a thin NiFe-bimetal-organic framework (NiFe-MOF) layer grafting surface oxygen vacancies enriched BVO photoanode (NiFe-O

This study aimed to further explore the underlying molecular mechanism of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), gene expression profile GSE24265, containing perihematomal tissues, contralateral grey matter, and contralateral white matter was retrieved and analyzed. The data was hierarchically clustered and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Functional analysis and protein interaction analysis of DEG hubs were performed, and the miRNA‑transcription factor (TF)‑target network was built. In addition, the candidate small-molecule compounds that might reverse the expression of an ICH‑linked gene were identified by CMap. This method revealed a total of 408 DEGs. Five modules including chemokine-related, antigen immune-related, pathogen infection, cell reaction, and positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation and MAPK cascade were identified. The expression levels of CCL5, CXCL8, ICAM1, IL-1B, IL-6, VCAM1, and VEGFA were correlated with ICH among the top 10 hub genes obtained in the protein protein interaction (PPI) network. A total of 237 miRNA‑TF‑target regulatory relationships were obtained, including 6 TFs, 11 miRNAs and 105 target genes. Finally, the CMap database identified Prestwick-1083, xamoterol, ifosfamide, methyldopate, nifurtimox, propranolol, and methoxamine as potential therapeutic agents for ICH while doxorubicin, menadione and azacitidine may increase its pathogenicity. Furthermore, CCL5, CXCL8 and VEGFA may be novel candidate susceptibility genes for ICH. Some small-molecule drugs, including xamoterol may be used for the treatment of ICH.

To evaluate the efficacy and mechanistic bases of the intravenous injection of arsenic trioxide at clinical-relevant doses for treating an imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model.After inducing psoriasis-like skin lesions on the back of mice with imiquimod, mice in each group were injected with a clinical dose of arsenic trioxide through the tail vein. The changes in the gene expression, protein expression and distribution of relevant inflammatory factors were evaluated in the inflicted skin area, for mechanisms underlying the efficacy of intravenous AsClinical dose of AsClinical dosage of As

Rapid antigen detection tests are urgently needed for the early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The discovery of a binder with high affinity and selectivity for the biomarkers presented by SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to the development of the rapid antigen detection method. We utilized the surface biopanning to identify a peptide binder R1 from a phage-displayed peptide library consisting of 10