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1,081 results on '"Rowlands, J"'

151. Optical studies of rocket exhaust trails and artificial noctilucent clouds produced by Soyuz rocket launches

Author

Dalin, P., primary, Perminov, V., additional, Pertsev, N., additional, Dubietis, A., additional, Zadorozhny, A., additional, Smirnov, A., additional, Mezentsev, A., additional, Frandsen, S., additional, Grønne, J., additional, Hansen, O., additional, Andersen, H., additional, McEachran, I., additional, McEwan, T., additional, Rowlands, J., additional, Meyerdierks, H., additional, Zalcik, M., additional, Connors, M., additional, Schofield, I., additional, and Veselovsky, I., additional

Published
2013
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158. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout rats are insensitive to the pathological effects of repeated oral exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin.

Author

Harrill, Joshua A., Layko, Debra, Nyska, Abraham, Hukkanen, Renee R., Manno, Rosa Anna, Grassetti, Andrea, Lawson, Marie, Martin, Greg, Budinsky, Robert A., Rowlands, J. Craig, and Thomas, Russell S.

Subjects
LIVER tumors, LABORATORY rats, TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXIN, ARYL hydrocarbon receptors, PATHOLOGY, NEOPLASTIC cell transformation
Abstract

Sustained activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is believed to be the initial key event in AHR receptor-mediated tumorigenesis in the rat liver. The role of AHR in mediating pathological changes in the liver prior to tumor formation was investigated in a 4-week, repeated-dose study using adult female wild-type (WT) and AHR knockout (AHR-KO) rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD). Beginning at 8 weeks of age, AHR-KO and WT rats were dosed by oral gavage with varying concentrations of TCDD (0, 3, 22, 100, 300 and 1000 ng kg−1 day−1). Lung, liver and thymus histopathology, hematology, serum chemistry and the distribution of TCDD in liver and adipose tissue were examined. Treatment-related increases in the severity of liver and thymus pathology were observed in WT, but not AHR-KO rats. In the liver, these included hepatocellular hypertrophy, bile duct hyperplasia, multinucleated hepatocytes and inflammatory cell foci. A loss of cellularity in the thymic cortex and thymic atrophy was observed. Treatment-related changes in serum chemistry parameters were also observed in WT, but not AHR-KO rats. Finally, dose-dependent accumulation of TCDD was observed primarily in the liver of WT rats and primarily in the adipose tissue of AHR-KO rats. The results suggest that AHR activation is the initial key event underlying the progression of histological effects leading to liver tumorigenesis following TCDD treatment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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159. User support for a library-managed online database search service: the BMA Library free MEDLINE service

Author

Rowlands, J, Yeadon, J, Forrester, W, and McSeán, T

Subjects
Library Services, Computer User Training, MEDLINE, Humans, Online Systems, United Kingdom, Research Article
Abstract

This paper discusses user support in the context of a library-managed online database search service. Experience is drawn from the British Medical Association (BMA) Library's Free MEDLINE Service. More than 9,600 BMA members, who are largely unfamiliar with computer communications and database searching, have registered as users of the service. User support has played a significant role in the development of the service and has comprised four main aspects: an information pack, a help desk, online help, and MEDLINE courses. The paper includes an analysis of help desk usage statistics collected from January 1996 through June 1996, and highlights other relevant research. Plans for further service enhancements and their implications in terms of future user support are discussed.

Published
1997

162. Local Governance and Community Action: How poor and marginalized people can achieve change

Author

Rowlands, Jo

Subjects
Approach and methodology, Governance and citizenship
Abstract

Most people experience the impacts of governance, fair or unfair, at a very local level. It is where poor and marginalized people, including women, experience inequalities most keenly – in the way that issues that particularly concern them tend to get de-prioritized and their participation is obstructed. In most political systems it is also at the level of local governance that citizens can, in theory, participate and take action to make changes that affect their lives, livelihoods and communities. In practice, the dynamics of local governance can be complex and challenging to navigate. Local governance involves real people and complex networks of social, religious, and economic relationships, with all the messiness that implies. Development programmes working on governance need to make a thorough analysis of local power relations and how change happens in the local context, in order to shape options and approaches. • This overview paper draws out the lessons from the case studies in the ‘Local Governance and Community Action’ series on the experience of communities in Nepal, Malawi, Kenya, Viet Nam and Tanzania. Discussed through the lens of Oxfam’s Right to Be Heard framework, with its three key aspects – people claiming rights, institutions willing and capable of delivering rights, and people in positions of power with the will to make it happen – the case studies explore a range of contexts in which local governance dynamics are central to the process of change. • The case studies cover a lot of ground, but there are gaps and issues that need further work and thought (for example, how to operate effectively in the very different urban context; how to manage risks where local governance is a site of conflict as well as potential collaboration). Oxfam plans to add further studies in this series, and welcomes contributions and discussion.

Published
2012

163. The Right to be Heard: An overview

Author

Rowlands, Jo

Subjects
Gender, Governance and citizenship, Rights
Abstract

This paper is part of set of 12 in a series drawing on Oxfam GB’s global programme of work on the theme of ‘the right to be heard’. The focus of this series of papers is on how the right to be heard can strengthen the participation of people in poverty in formulating public policy, and enable them to hold decision-makers accountable. The other Oxfam themes are the right to a sustainable livelihood, the right to basic services, the right to life and security, and the right to equity. Together, these themes provide an integrated rights-based approach to Oxfam GB’s core purpose of overcoming poverty and suffering. The right to be heard is about the right to be an active participant in political processes; it is about being able to speak up and be listened to by those in power. Put a different way, it is about enabling people to actively draw on their civil and political rights to achieve their social, economic, and cultural rights. It is about finding ways to ensure that governance structures are responsive to the needs and wishes of poor people. These papers touch on some elements of how this can be achieved.

Published
2011

197. Child care costs in social services

Author

Netten, Ann, Reese, T., Harrison, G., Beecham, Jennifer, Rowlands, J., Barker, M., Lyon, J., Stafford, M., Lunt, R., Netten, Ann, Reese, T., Harrison, G., Beecham, Jennifer, Rowlands, J., Barker, M., Lyon, J., Stafford, M., and Lunt, R.

Published
2001

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