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Background: There is currently no gold standard biomaterial for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects (PIDs). One of the current options is the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Objective: To determine the clinical effect of PRF in the treatment of PID through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted up to February 2017 in the following biomedical databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Science Direct, SIGLE, LILACS and in the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials. The selection criteria included: randomized clinical trials published in the last 5 years, reporting clinical effects (probing depth, clinical insertion level or gingival recession), with a follow-up time equal to or greater than 6 months, and sample size larger than or equal to 10 patients reporting the use of PRF as a treatment for PID. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions as a reference. Results: The search strategy yielded 20 articles. A reduction in probing depth and an increase in clinical insertion level or a reduction in gingival recession is reported, when using PRF alone or in combination with another biomaterial or substance that stimulates tissue regeneration. Conclusion: The literature suggests that the use of PRF in the treatment of PIDs has a beneficial clinical effect when compared to control treatments. © 2017, Universidad de Concepcion. All rights reserved.

Background Diabetes mellitus predicts poorer outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but the magnitude of this association in patients at older ages remains controversial. Methods Data were extracted from theCodi Infartdatabase. All consecutive patients with diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2010 and 2015 were included. We assessed the impact of diabetes mellitus on 30-day and one-year mortality in patients aged less than and at least 75 years. Results A total of 12 792 cases were registered, of whom 3023 (23.6%) were aged at least 75 years. About 20% patients had previous diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Patients aged at least 75 years had higher prevalence of comorbidities, higher proportion of heart failure at admission, a more extensive coronary artery disease and significant delay to reperfusion (P< 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was associated with higher 30-day mortality both in young [odds ratio (OR) 1.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43-2.70] and in elderly patients (OR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07-1.91). After adjusting for potential confounders, this association remained significant in young patients (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.00-2.16,P= 0.047), but not in the elderly (OR 1.14,P= 0.43). Likewise, a crude association between diabetes mellitus and one-year mortality was observed in both groups (young patients: HR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.51-2.46; older patients: HR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.08-1.64). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, this association remained significant in younger patients (HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.13-1.89;P< 0.001), but not in the elderly (HR = 1.16;P= 0.17). Conclusion A significant proportion of these nonselected patients with STEMI had previous diabetes mellitus. The association between diabetes mellitus and outcomes is different according to age.

RESUMEN Antecedentes y objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido mejorar los resultados en salud y reducir la complejidad terapéutica en el paciente anciano polimedicado mediante un trabajo multidisciplinar. Materiales y métodos: Varón de 75 años con una pérdida de peso de 20 kilos en los últimos nueve meses al cual se le diagnostica de síndrome constitucional relacionado con la polimedicación. Se hace interconsulta al Servicio de Farmacia para un posible ajuste del tratamiento farmacológico. Resultados: Nuevo plan terapéutico mediante estrategias de deprescripción y de simplificación propuesto por el farmacéutico, revisado y aceptado por el médico especialista, con una reducción del MRCI-E en 13,5 puntos y de la carga anticolinérgica. Como consecuencia: aumento del apetito y estabilización del peso. No ingresos hospitalarios ni visitas al Servicio de Urgencias. Conclusiones: El abordaje multidisciplinar ha conseguido una reducción del número de medicamentos prescritos, así como de la complejidad terapéutica. Por lo tanto, ante un paciente frágil polimedicado se debería plantear una revisión de la medicación valorando estrategias de deprescripción para aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento y mejorar resultados en salud.

International audience; The prediction of ultra-low magnetic damping in Co 2 MnZ Heusler half-metal thin-film magnets is explored in this study and the damping response is shown to be linked to the underlying electronic properties. By substituting the Z elements in high crystalline quality films (Co 2 MnZ with Z=Si, Ge, Sn, Al, Ga, Sb), electronic properties such as the minority spin band gap, Fermi energy position in the gap and spin polarization can be tuned and the consequence on magnetization dynamics analyzed. The experimental results allow us to directly explore the interplay of spin polarization, spin gap, Fermi energy position and the magnetic damping obtained in these films, together with ab initio calculation predictions. The ultra-low magnetic damping coefficients measured in the range 4.1 10-4-9 10-4 for Co 2 MnSi, Ge, Sn, Sb are the lowest values obtained on a conductive layer and offers a clear experimental demonstration of theoretical predictions on Half-Metal Magnetic Heusler compounds and a pathway for future materials design.

SUMMARY: Within the framework of undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, cadavers have been used to teach anatomy by dissection or by using prosected specimens. To accomplish this, an appropriated preservation process must guarantee that the cadaver is kept safe for harm, destruction, and decomposition. Embalming fluid contains fixatives, disinfectants, surfactants, buffers, salt, and water, making the cadaver safe for teaching anatomy. However, it remains unclear if there is any risk of dissemination of microorganisms during anatomy teaching, research, and dissection procedures on fixed cadavers. The purpose of this study is to identify bacterial and fungal species in fixed cadaveric material used in anatomy teaching. Samples of cadavers and anatomical sections were cultured and biochemical tests and molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to identify the microorganisms. The results indicate that fixed cadaveric material has viable bacteria on its surfaces and almost all these correspond to gram-negative bacilli of the Enterobacteriaceae family. In conclusion, fixed cadavers could be a reservoir of bacteria. This study underscores the importance of generating safe manipulation protocols to avoid eventual contamination and disease. RESUMEN: Dentro del curriculum de los programas de postgrado y pregrado de las carreras de la salud, los cadáveres han sido utilizados para la enseñanza de la anatomía mediante la disección o utilizando preparados anatómicos. Para poder llevar a cabo esto, el cadáver debe pasar por un adecuado proceso de preservación; en el que se utilizan fluidos que contienen fijadores, desinfectantes, surfactantes, buffers, sal y agua, los cuales lo protegen del deterioro y la descomposición. Las soluciones fijadoras y conservadoras contienen desinfectantes, surfactantes, fijadores, buffers, sal y agua, que hacen que el cadáver sea seguro para la enseñanza de la anatomía. Sin embargo, no está claro si existe algún riesgo de diseminación de microorganismos durante la enseñanza, investigación y/o disección en estos cadáveres. El propósito del estudio es identificar especies bacterianas y/o fúngicas en material cadavérico previamente fijado, usado en la enseñanza de la anatomía. Se realizaron cultivos y técnicas de identificación molecular mediante reacción en cadena de polimerasa de muestras tomadas desde material cadavérico para identificar los microorganismos encontrados. Los resultados indican que el material cadavérico previamente fijado posee bacterias en sus superficies, la mayoría corresponde a bacilos gram negativos de la familia de las Enterobacteriaceae. En conclusión, los cadáveres previamente fijados pueden ser reservorio de bacterias. Este estudio destaca la importancia de generar protocolos de manipulación con el fin de evitar una posible contaminación y enfermedad.

[EN] The design of active and durable catalysts for the H2O/O2 interconversion is one of the major challenges of electrocatalysis for renewable energy. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is catalyzed by SrRuO3 with low potentials (ca. 1.35 VRHE), but the catalyst’s durability is insufficient. Here we show that Na doping enhances both activity and durability in acid media. DFT reveals that whereas SrRuO3 binds reaction intermediates too strongly, Na doping of ~0.125 leads to nearly optimal OER activity. Na doping increases the oxidation state of Ru, thereby displacing positively O p-band and Ru d-band centers, weakening Ru-adsorbate bonds. The enhanced durability of Na-doped perovskites is concomitant with the stabilization of Ru centers with slightly higher oxidation states, higher dissolution potentials, lower surface energy and less distorted RuO6 octahedra. These results illustrate how high OER activity and durability can be simultaneously engineered by chemical doping of perovskites., This work was supported by the ENE2013–42322-R and ENE2016-77055-C3-3-R projects from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO). M.R. thanks MINECO’s Juan de la Cierva program for a grant (FPDI-2013-17582). F.C.V. thanks the Spanish MICIU for a Ramón y Cajal research contract (RYC-2015-18996) and financial support through the program “Units of Excellence María de Maeztu” (grant MDM-2017–0767). We thank G. Cibin for useful discussions on XAS data treatment and analysis from experiments on beamline B18 Diamond Light Source. We also thank A. Figueroa for helping with data acquisition on beamline I10 and discussions on data interpretation. We thank Diamond Light Source for access to beamlines B18 and I10 that contributed to the results presented here. We thank D. Arroyo and N. López for ICPOES analyses.

We present the analysis of the spin signals obtained in NiFe based metallic lateral spin valves. We exploit the spin dependent diffusive equations in both the conventional 1D analytic modeling as well as in 3D Finite Element Method simulations. Both approaches are used for extracting the spin diffusion length $l_{sf}^{N}$ and the effective spin polarization $P_{eff}$ in Py/Al, Py/Cu and Py/Au based lateral nano-structures at both $300\,K$ and $77\,K$. Both the analytic modeling and 3D Finite Element Method simulations give consistent results. Combination of both models provides a powerful tool for reliable spin transport characterization in all metallic spin valves and gives an insight into the spin/charge current and spin accumulations 3D distributions in these devices. We provide the necessary ingredients to develop the 3D finite element modeling of diffusive spin transport., 8 pages, 6 figures

Objectives Guidelines recommending 12-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STEACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were published in year 2012. We aimed to describe the influence of guideline implementation on the trend in 12-month persistence with DAPT between 2010 and 2015 and to evaluate its relationship with DAPT duration regimens recommended at discharge from PCI hospitals. Design Observational study based on region-wide registry data linked to pharmacy billing data for DAPT follow-up. Setting All PCI hospitals (10) belonging to the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) code network in Catalonia (Spain). Participants 10 711 STEACS patients undergoing PCI between 2010 and 2015 were followed up. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary outcome was 12-month persistence with DAPT. Calendar year quarter, publication of guidelines, DAPT duration regimen recommended in the hospital discharge report, baseline patient characteristics and significant interactions were included in mixed-effects logistic regression based interrupted time-series models. Results The proportion of patients on-DAPT at 12 months increased from 58% (56-60) in 2010 to 73% (71-75) in 2015. The rate of 12-month persistence with DAPT significantly increased after the publication of clinical guidelines with a time lag of 1 year (OR=1.20; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.30). A higher risk profile, more extensive and complex coronary disease, use of drug-eluting stents (OR=1.90; 95% CI 1.50 to 2.40) and a 12-month DAPT regimen recommendation at discharge from the PCI hospital (OR=5.76; 95% CI 3.26 to 10.2) were associated with 12-month persistence. Conclusion Persistence with 12-month DAPT has increased since publication of clinical guidelines. Even though most patients were discharged on DAPT, only 73% with potential indication were on-DAPT 12 months after PCI. A guideline-based recommendation at PCI hospital discharge was highly associated with full persistence with DAPT. Establishing evidence-based, common prescribing criteria across hospitals in the AMI-network would favour adherence and reduce variability.

In this Letter, the middle initial of author G. J. Nabuurs was omitted, and he should have been associated with an additional affiliation: ‘Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands’ (now added as affiliation 182). In addition, the following two statements have been added to the Supplementary Acknowledgements. (1): ‘We would particularly like to thank The French NFI for the work of the many field teams and engineers, who have made extraordinary efforts to make forest inventory data publicly available.’ (1): ‘Sergio de Miguel benefited from a Serra- Húnter Fellowship provided by the Generalitat of Catalonia.’ Finally, the second sentence of the Methods section should have cited the French NFI, which provided a national forestry database used in our analysis, to read as follows: ‘The GFBi database consists of individual-based data that we compiled from all the regional and national GFBi forest-inventory datasets, including the French NFI (IGN—French National Forest Inventory, raw data, annual campaigns 2005 and following, https://inventaire-forestier.ign.fr/spip.php?rubrique159, site accessed on 01 January 2015)’. All of these errors have been corrected online.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Sintetizar, mediante una revisión de la literatura, las recomendaciones actuales en el manejo del dolor neuropático. Metodología: Revisión temática basada en una búsqueda de literatura altamente sensible para la identificación de guías de práctica clínica y revisiones sistémicas de la literatura enfocadas en diagnóstico y manejo del dolor neuropático, desde 2012 a 2017. De las referencias incluidas, se obtuvo información relacionada con definiciones, consideraciones relevantes, indicaciones y objetivos del tratamiento, tanto farmacológico como no farmacológico y criterios de remisión. Resultados: Se incluyeron 34 guías de práctica clínica relevantes para el manejo del dolor neuropático. Se realizó una síntesis de aspectos relevantes enfocados en: 1) las herramientas de tamización disponibles para la identificación y clasificación del dolor neuropático; 2) el diagnóstico y seguimiento de las pruebas de confirmación; 3) principios del manejo del dolor, así como el manejo farmacológico y no farmacológico de primera, segunda y tercera línea, de acuerdo con la localización de las lesiones; y 4) seguimiento. Los tratamientos de primera línea más comúnmente recomendados influyen los antidepresivos tricíclicos, α2δ-ligandos (pregabalina y gabapentina) y los inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina/noradrenalina. Conclusión: El dolor neuropático es una condición común en la práctica clínica, donde el médico no especialista en dolor realizará el diagnóstico basado en una historia clínica detallada y examen físico dirigido. El tratamiento debe ser multidisciplinario e iniciarse precozmente con fármacos de primera línea. ABSTRACT Objective: To synthesize, through a literature review, the current recommendations in the management of neuropathic pain. Methodology: Thematic review based on a highly sensitive literature search for the identification of clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews, focused on diagnosis and management of neuropathic pain, from 2012 to 2017. From the included references, it was obtained information related to definitions, relevant considerations, indications and objectives of treatment, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, as well as remission criteria. Results: We included 34 relevant clinical practice guidelines for the management of neuropathic pain. The synthesis of relevant aspects focused on: 1) the screening tools available for identification and classification of neuropathic pain; 2) diagnosis and follow-up of confirmation tests; 3) pain management principles, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological management as first, second and third line, according to the location of lesions; and 4) follow-up. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include tricyclic antidepressants, α2δ-ligands (pregabalin and gabapentin), and selective serotonin / noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. Conclusion: Neuropathic pain is a common condition in clinical practice, where the non-pain specialist will perform the diagnosis based on a detailed clinical history and directed physical exam. The treatment must be multidisciplinary and begin early with first-line drugs.

RESUMEN Las malformaciones vasculares cerebrales son infrecuentes, dentro de ellas, el aneurisma de la vena de Galeno (AVG) tiene una incidencia de 1 en 25.000 recién nacidos. El ultrasonido obstétrico de rutina ha permitido el diagnóstico prenatal de dicha alteración, permitiendo establecer el pronóstico del recién nacido. En la exploración mediante ultrasonido del cerebro fetal, la presencia de una imagen quística supratentorial con flujo turbulento al Doppler color permite establecer el diagnóstico. La asociación con signos de insuficiencia cardiaca ha mostrado altas tasas de mortalidad neonatal. Se presenta el caso de un feto al que se realiza el diagnóstico prenatal mediante ultrasonido y su confirmación por neuroimagenes al nacimiento. ABSTRACT Cerebral vascular abnormalities are rare. The vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) has an incidence of 1 in 25,000 newborns. The routine obstetric ultrasound has allowed the prenatal diagnosis and establish the prognosis of the newborn. In the ultrasound examination of the fetal brain, the presence of a supratentorial cystic image with turbulent flow to the color Doppler makes the diagnosis. The association with signs of heart failure have shown high neonatal mortality. We present a case of a fetus with prenatal diagnosis of VGAM by 2D ultrasound and confirmation by neuroimaging at birth.