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El presente proyecto tiene por objetivo diseñar una guía didáctica para la interpretación del paisaje basada en cartografía digital online, adaptable a diferentes niveles académicos, cuyo fin será promover la educación en paisaje, de acuerdo con la necesidad que el Convenio Europeo del Paisaje (CEP) plantea acerca de contribuir a la formación de una sociedad que valore y demande paisajes de calidad, pues estos desempeñan un importante papel de interés general en los campos cultural, ecológico, medioambiental y social. El concepto de paisaje del que partimos es el acordado en el CEP y en las diferentes leyes del paisaje autonómicas españolas, entendiendo por paisaje no sólo aquellos espacios con altos valores naturales y/o estéticos, sino todo territorio tal y como lo percibe la sociedad. La guía supone el fruto de los resultados de numerosos trabajos llevados a cabo por el grupo en relación con la didáctica del paisaje. Entre ellos los PIMCD: 133/2011, 165/2013, 98/2014, 224/2015, 52/2016 y, principalmente del anterior 113/2017, en los que se han diseñado y aplicado recursos didácticos como comentario de imágenes, desarrollo de cartografía digital o diseño de itinerarios didácticos para la interpretación del paisaje en el ámbito de los Parques Nacionales españoles. Así, el proyecto se vertebra en dos líneas preferentes. Por un lado, acercar la diversidad de nuevas tecnologías y la información geográfica o geoinformación a través de una guía que compendia un variado elenco de recursos cartográficos digitales para el profesorado y alumnado, ofreciendo recursos que sirvan para el aprendizaje dentro y fuera del aula y, por otro, mejorar el conocimiento acerca de los valores naturales y culturales de los paisajes, fomentando una conciencia social que contribuya con su puesta en valor y mejora. La guía resultante podrá ser consultada en abierto y en el Atlas Digital Escolar por nuestros alumnos, tanto del Grado de Geografía y Ordenación del Territorio, los Grados de Maest

En este proyecto se adicionó un nuevo módulo al laboratorio virtual de materiales cerámicos, dedicado a las propiedades físicas de los materiales cerámicos.

A través del PIMCD 113, se ha diseñado e implementado un modelo didáctico para la educación en paisaje enfocado a alumnos del Grado de Maestro de Educación Primaria.

Occurrence and abundance of deep-water corals in the Levantine Mediterranean Sea is still largely unknown. This is the first attempt to quantitatively describe a Dendrophyllia ramea population discovered in June 2015 during the CYCLAMEN expedition on board the Research Vessel Aegaeo. This population is the deepest ever described until now in the Mediterranean and was found on the outer insular shelf off eastern Cyprus (Protaras, 35°02′N; 34°05′E). Video transects conducted by means of a remotely operated vehicle revealed a well-developed population of D. ramea located on a sandy seabed at 125–170 m depth. The highest density was 6 colonies m−2 and on average 1.6 ± 1.4 (SD) colonies m−2. The population consists of isolated or piled up branches of various sizes and large colonies, some ∼50 cm max width. The corals thrive on soft bottoms, representing a rather novel aspect of the research on D. ramea, since the species is still considered to be mostly associated with rocky substrates. The occurrence of the species in sedimentary grounds makes it especially vulnerable to bottom contact fishing gears as bottom trawling. Spatial distribution of the coral population, as well as a first attempt to characterize its habitat, are explored as an approach to describe the habitat's suitability and the vulnerability for the species in the area

Seamounts constitute an obstacle to the ocean circulation, modifying it. As a result, a variety of hydrodynamical processes and phenomena may take place over seamounts, among others, flow intensification, current deflection, upwelling, Taylor caps, and internal waves. These oceanographic effects may turn seamounts into very productive ecosystems with high species diversity, and in some cases, are densely populated by benthic organisms, such corals, gorgonians, and sponges. In this study, we describe the oceanographic conditions over seamounts and other underwater features in the path of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW), where populations of benthic suspensions feeders have been observed. Using CTD, LADPC and biochemical measurements carried out in the Ormonde and Formigas seamounts and the Gazul mud volcano (Northeast Atlantic), we show that Taylor caps were not observed in any of the sampled features. However, we point out that the relatively high values of the Brunt–Väisälä frequency in the MOW halocline, in conjunction with the slope of the seamount flanks, set up conditions for the breakout of internal waves and amplification of the currents. This may enhance the vertical mixing, resuspending the organic material deposited on the seafloor and, therefore, increasing the food availability for the communities dominated by benthic suspension feeders. Thus, we hypothesize that internal waves could be improving the conditions for benthic suspension feeders to grow on the slope of seamounts.

The deep-sea of the Levantine Mediterranean basin is still a fairly undiscovered world. The outer insular shelf of Cyprus, a gateway to the deep realm, is not an exception, as very few deep areas in the waters surrounding this island have been explored up to now. Here we present a brief overview of the discovery of an extraordinary population of the scleractinian Dendrophyllia ramea at depths, substrate and densities which were previously unknown for this species. Our efforts in better defining the habitat of this unique and fragile coral population, along with solid evidence of alarming destruction (albeit unintentional) from fishing activity, will hopefully urge local authorities into enforcing protection/conservation measures.

Occurrence and abundance of deep-water corals in the Levantine Mediterranean Sea is still largely unknown. This is the first attempt to quantitatively describe a Dendrophyllia ramea population discovered in June 2015 during the CYCLAMEN expedition on board the Research Vessel Aegaeo. This population is the deepest ever described until now in the Mediterranean and was found on the outer insular shelf off eastern Cyprus (Protaras, 35°02′N; 34°05′E). Video transects conducted by means of a remotely operated vehicle revealed a well-developed population of D. ramea located on a sandy seabed at 125–170 m depth. The highest density was 6 colonies m−2 and on average 1.6 ± 1.4 (SD) colonies m−2. The population consists of isolated or piled up branches of various sizes and large colonies, some ∼50 cm max width. The corals thrive on soft bottoms, representing a rather novel aspect of the research on D. ramea, since the species is still considered to be mostly associated with rocky substrates. The occurrence of the species in sedimentary grounds makes it especially vulnerable to bottom contact fishing gears as bottom trawling. Spatial distribution of the coral population, as well as a first attempt to characterize its habitat, are explored as an approach to describe the habitat's suitability and the vulnerability for the species in the area

Trawl marks and dredge spoils are two different types of anthropic seabed alterations. Both of them are footprints of the human activity on the seabed and both of them are traceable on the swath bathymetry records from certain types of seabed. High frequency multibeam echosounders allow detecting and quantifying the extent of these features so identifying their acoustic signature is a valuable issue in the field of impact assessment and environmental management. In addition, patterning and distinguishing them is something that geomorphologists need to bear in mind when interpreting geophysical records in a human influenced area in order to avoid misinterpretation of the real natural features.

Ibiza and Formentera, also known as the Pitiusas Islands, are the westernmost islands of the Balearic archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea. Around them, typical temperate-water carbonate shelves occur. Particular sedimentary processes take place on these shelves, where the lack of a significant terrigenous sediment supply and a microtidal regime reinforces the importance of seagrass meadows and wind-driven coastal currents in the sediment dynamics. The dome dune field described here is placed just downslope of a centuries-old Posidonia oceanica meadow close to a shallow passage between two islands where wind-driven currents are particularly important.

La construcción en el sector de la infraestructura vial en Colombia se aun caracteriza por ser tradicionalista a la hora de ejecutar y controlar las actividades operativas y administrativas de los proyectos, es por esto, que las empresas constructoras de nuestro país presentan serias dificultades para la identificación de actividades que no agregan valor y que por el contrario generan reprocesos y pérdidas para las empresas en sus proyectos . El sistema convencional de trabajo no permite identificar las posibles causas por las cuales se generan los problemas de eficiencia y eficacia en los procesos y por el contrario dificulta tomar acciones correctivas sobre los mismos, presentando problemas en el aumento de la productividad, afectaciones en la calidad lo cual traduciría en pérdidas económicas para las empresas y/o proyectos.

Objective. To assess the impact of an emotional competence program on cyberbullying scores in high school students. Method. The study conducted was quasi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest and a control group and was applied to 82 Mexican high school students; the CBQ was applied in pretest and posttest, a Likert scale with factors of victimization, perpetration and justifi cation about the realization of cyberbullying; the intervention was an emotional competence program. The data analysis was performed with SPSS using non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U) and calculating the effect size with r of Rosenthal. Results The pretest confi rmed initial statistical equality; the posttest detected signifi cant differences (p < 0.05) and medium effect size on victimization (p = 0.003, r = 0.33 [Cohen’s d = 0.7]), and justifi cation (p = 0.002, r = 0.35 [Cohen’s d = 0.7]); the intragroup comparison indicated differences (p < 0.05) between both groups and a medium effect size; the control showed increase in victimization, (p = 0.014, r = 0.27 [Cohen’s d = 0.6]), and the experimental showed decreased victimization (p = 0.046, r = 0.22 [Cohen’s d = 0.5]). Conclusion. The emotional competence program produced a signifi cant, positive impact and a medium effect size on the cyberbullying scores in high school students and showed effi cacy in the prevention, Escopo. Avaliar o impacto de um programa de competências emocionais sobre as pontuações de cyberbullying em uma amostra de estudantes do ensino médio. Metodologia. Foi feito um estudo experimental, com pre e post-teste e com grupo controle, em 82 alunos mexicanos de ensino médio. No pre e post- teste foi aplicado o Cyberbullying Qustionnaire, para a intervenção foi desenhado um programa de competências emocionais. Resultados. O pre- teste confi rmou igualdade estatística intergrupal; o pos- teste detectou diferencias e um tamanho do efeito mediano nas pontuações de vitimização (p = 0.003, r = 0.33 [d de Cohen = 0.7]) e justifi cação (p = 0.002, r = 0.35 [d de Cohen = 0.7]); a comparação entre grupos indicou diferencias e um tamanho do efeito mediano, aumentando assim a vitimização no controle (p = 0.014, r = 0.27 [d de Cohen = 0.6]) e diminuindo no experimental (p = 0.046, r = 0.22 [d de Cohen = 0.5]). Conclusão. O programa produziu um impacto positivo, signifi cativo e um tamanho do efeito mediano sobre as pontuações de cyberbullying em alunos do ensino médio e mostrou efi cácia na prevenção e intervenção., Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de un programa de competencias emocionales sobre las puntuaciones de cyberbullying en una muestra de bachilleres. Método. Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, con pretest-postest y grupo control, en 82 alumnos mexicanos de bachillerato. En el pretest y el postest se aplicó el Cyberbullying Questionnaire y para la intervención se diseñó un programa de competencias emocionales. Resultados. El pretest confirmó igualdad estadística intergrupal; el postest detectó diferencias y un tamaño del efecto mediano en las puntuaciones de victimización (p = 0.003, r = 0.33 [d de Cohen = 0.7]) y justificación (p = 0.002, r = 0.35 [d de Cohen = 0.7]). La comparación entre grupos indicó diferencias y un tamaño del efecto mediano: en el grupo control aumentó la victimización (p = 0.014, r = 0.27 [d de Cohen = 0.6]) y en el experimental disminuyó (p = 0.046, r = 0.22 [d de Cohen = 0.5]). Conclusión. El programa produjo un impacto positivo, significativo y un tamaño del efecto mediano sobre los puntajes de cyberbullying en alumnos de bachillerato y mostró eficacia en la prevención e intervención.

Presentation given at the 3rd ATLAS General Assembly, April 2018. Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems and biological features of the northeastern sector of the Gulf of Cádiz in relation to geological structures, oceanographic processes and fishing activity: A further contribution towards a potential “Gulf of Cádiz” EBSA. The Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) represents an area of socioeconomic and scientific importance for oceanographic, geological and biological processes. An interesting feature of the GoC is the presence of a large amount of mud volcanoes (MVs) and diapirs that display different seepage, seabed types, oceanographic settings and biological communities. Detailed exploration of some MVs is still needed for detecting Vulnerable Marine ecosystems (VMEs) that seem to be rare in other areas of the GoC, improving the current knowledge on its biodiversity and ecological attributes. During different expeditions (MEDWAVES-ATLAS, INDEMARES-CHICA 0610 & 0412 and ISUNEPCA 0616) carried out in different years, biological samples and videos were obtained in Gazul MV (Spanish Margin of the GoC). The study of those samples and videos has revealed the presence of several ecologically important VMEs (e.g. 3 species of reef framework-forming corals, coral gardens including solitary scleractinians, gorgonians and antipatharians, as well as deep-sea sponge aggregations and chemosynthesis-related structures) and a large number of species occurring in this MV, including new records for the European margin, threatened species and non-previously described species. The combination of different environmental and anthropogenic factors allowed the present-day persistence of these VMEs in the GoC. Some of Gazul MV biological and ecological attributes fit several criteria of the Convention on Biological Diversity for EBSA description (e.g. 1,3,4,6) that, together with those of other areas of the GoC, may contribute to the future potential nomination

An integrated approach combining swath bathymetry, high-resolution seismic reflection and seabed sediment sampling was performed to characterize a field of sand ridges on the Murcia continental shelf in the western Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this work was to improve knowledge about the formation, evolution and presentday dynamics of these bedforms on a narrow, tideless continental shelf receiving little sediment input. Sand ridges are observed on the middle shelf at water depths ranging between 58 and 78 m. The sand ridges are 1.5 to 3 m high and show a predominant E-W orientation oblique to the present-day shoreline. Smaller-scale subaqueous dunes (0.3–1.3 m high) appear superimposed on the sand ridges and beyond the ridge field. The subaqueous dunes show a NW-SE orientation and asymmetric profiles, with the lee side facing southwest. The comparison of two bathymetric surveys 10 years apart revealed that the subaqueous dunes are migrating towards the southwest at very low rates (~3 m yr−1 ). Internally, both sand ridges and dunes display southwestward dipping oblique reflections, indicating long-term migration in that direction. The morphology, architecture and distribution of the Murcia sand ridges suggest that they were formed in a shallow-water environment during the Holocene transgression and were later detached from the coast due to the subsequent sea level rise. The shallow architecture of the sand ridges reveals the presence of small, mound-like features within the sand ridges, most probably associated with coastal deposits, which could have served as a precursor for the development of the sand ridges. The preservation of these deposits within the sand ridges evidences limited offshore ridge migration. At present, active subaqueous dunes superimposed on the sand ridges suggest that they may play a significant role in the ridge evolution. At a regional scale, the comparison of the Murcia sand ridges with those described in the western Mediterranean allows

Seamounts constitute an obstacle to the free ocean flow giving rise to a variety of hydrodynamical processes and phenomena such as, among others, Taylor columns/caps. As a consequence of that, seamounts may turn into very productive ecosystems with high biodiversity, which provide a particularly good environment for the settle of some organisms, acting as stepping stones and contributing to its dispersal. In this study, we verify if these oceanographic effects explain the presence of cold-water corals of Mediterranean origin in the Atlantic. To achieve this, CTD, LADPC and biochemical measurements were carried out in three seamounts in the path of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW): the Gazul mud volcano, and the Ormonde and Formigas seamounts. Taylor columns were not observed in any of the three sampled areas. In fact, the oceanographic processes in those areas are more influenced by the vertical distribution of water masses, which determine the stability of the water column. Moreover, the high values of the Brunt-Väisälä frequency around the MOW halocline can lead to the formation of internal waves. These perturbations in the water column can enhance the vertical mixing, producing suspension, which, in turn, could affect the vertical distribution of cold-water corals.

In September-October 2016 the oceanographic cruise MEDWAVES was conducted (in the frame of the ATLAS project H2020), in order to follow the path of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) in the Atlantic from Cádiz to the Azores. MEDWAVES aimed to investigate the influence of the MOW in the community composition of benthic assemblages in several Atlantic geomorphological features. One of the targeted areas was the Ormonde seamount in the Atlantic Ocean, 160 nautical miles SW off Cape St. Vincent, Portugal. This seamount, together with the Gettysburg seamount, is part of a volcanic ridge named Gorringe that rises from 5,000 m to less than 80m depth, respectively representing the abyssal plain until the photic zone. Its panoply of marine life and environments increased the demand for conservation measures. Consequently, Gorringe bank is currently protected by the Habitats Directive and part of Natura 2000 network since 2015. Other protective measures include the intention to designate the Gorringe Bank,as part of the seamount complex Madeira-Tore, as new Portuguese MPA of large dimensions delimited in deep oceanic areas, under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive implementation. Given its ecological importance and location through the pass of the MOW, the Ormonde seamount was selected as one of the main target areas during the MEDWAVES cruise. Six ROV dives were conducted with the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) “Liropus” (IEO), covering the Northeast and North flanks of the seamount between 1,950 and 600 meters depth. As expected, the depth gradient revealed different benthic communities in the distinct depth zones. Ormonde seems to be a flourishing area for deep-sea sponges (e.g. Asconema sp.), present in high densities along with high species diversity. Scleractinian corals (e.g. Solenosmillia variabilis) as well as gorgonians (e.g. Viminella sp., Corallium tricolor) and black corals (e.g. Stichopathes sp.) were also present in the area displaying varying density

Seamounts constitute an obstacle to the free ocean flow, modifying the patter of circulation. As a result of these alterations, a variety of hydrodynamical processes and phenomena may take place in seamounts, among others, Taylor columns/caps. These oceanographic effects may turn seamounts into very productive ecosystems with high biodiversity. Under these conditions seamounts provide a particularly good environment for the settle of some organisms, acting as stepping stones and contributing to its dispersal. In this study, we verify if these oceanographic effects explain the presence of cold-water corals of Mediterranean origin in the Atlantic. To achieve this, three seamounts in the path of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) through the Eastern North Atlantic were selected: the Gazul mud volcano, and the Ormonde and Formigas seamounts. In order to determine the hydrographic and dynamical conditions in each one of the three locations, CTD, LADPC and biochemical observations were carried out. Taylor columns were not observed in any of the three sampled areas. Although we found suggestions of upwelling/downwelling systems, their effect was barely noticed in the circulation pattern. The oceanographic processes in those areas are more influenced by the vertical distribution of water masses, which determine the stability of the water column. Moreover, the high values of the Brunt-Väisälä frequency around the MOW halocline can lead to the formation of internal waves. These perturbations in the water column can enhance the vertical mixing, producing suspension, which, in turn, could affect the vertical distribution of cold-water corals.