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Abstract Background Health literacy (HL) among higher education students is low, making them vulnerable about their health. To reverse this trend, higher education institutions promote HL interventions with various topics and methods. A comprehensive understanding of HL interventions is essential to determine whether these interventions meet the health information needs to improve health outcomes (health gains). The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise evidence on the efficacy of HL interventions implemented in academic settings to improve health outcomes. Methods A systematic review was performed followed the PRISMA guidelines, protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369869). A search strategy was performed in the EBSCO Host Web platform, the time limit placed was: 01/01/2017 to 30/09/2022. Eligible studies were those published in peer-reviewed journals and involved higher education students over the age of 18 as the subject of the intervention. Eligible interventions included any interventions evaluated in a study with comparison group that included a pre-post measure of health outcomes, were conducted in an academic setting. To methodology quality of included studies, it was used the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. To synthesise results narrative and thematic synthesis was conducted. Results A total of 9 articles were included in this review, identified health literacy interventions with an impact on health outcomes. The total studies involved 2902 higher education students. All 9 studies were randomised controlled trials. The synthesised evidence supports the efficacy of interventions that contributed to positive changes in mental health, attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy of condom use, emotional, social, and psychological well being, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, and habitual sleep efficiency, physical activity, and self-reported servings fried foods. HL interventions were educational or motivational and related to health promotion, disease prevention or healthcare. Conclusions HL interventions in higher education students can significantly improve health outcomes protecting them from the negative effects of threats for their health. The interventions designed with different strategies are more effective. HL interventions are associated with health benefits on health promotion, disease prevention and healthcare. For the attendance of higher education to be a successful experience, continuity of HL interventions developed in academic settings is necessary.

As a vital biomolecule, DNA is known as a target of antineoplastic drugs for cancer therapy. These drugs can show different modes of interaction with DNA, with intercalation and groove binding being the most common types. The intercalation of anticancer drugs with DNA can lead to the disruption of its normal function, influencing cell proliferation. Methylene blue (MB) and acridine orange (AO) are examples of DNA-intercalating agents that have been studied for their application against some types of cancer, mainly for photodynamic therapy. In this work, the impact of light irradiation on these compounds in the absence and presence of DNA was analyzed by means of UV-vis spectroscopy. Bathochromic and hypochromic shifts were observed in the absorbance spectra, revealing the intercalation of the dyes with the DNA base pairs. Dyes with and without DNA present different profiles of photodegradation, whereby the dyes alone were more susceptible to degradation. This can be justified by the intercalation of the dyes on the DNA base pairs allowing the DNA molecule to partially hinder the molecules’ exposition and, therefore, reducing their degradation.

Abstract Bacteriophages infect and replicate inside a bacterial host as well as serve as natural bio-control agents. Phages were once viewed as nuisances that caused fermentation failures with cheese-making and other industrial processes, which lead to economic losses, but phages are now increasingly being observed as being promising antimicrobials that can fight against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Pathogen-free meals that fulfil industry requirements without synthetic additives are always in demand in the food sector. This study introduces the readers to the history, sources, and biology of bacteriophages, which include their host ranges, absorption mechanisms, lytic profiles, lysogenic profiles, and the influence of external factors on the growth of phages. Phages and their derivatives have emerged as antimicrobial agents, biodetectors, and biofilm controllers, which have been comprehensively discussed in addition to their potential applications in the food and gastrointestinal tract, and they are a feasible and safe option for preventing, treating, and/or eradicating contaminants in various foods and food processing environments. Furthermore, phages and phage-derived lytic proteins can be considered potential antimicrobials in the traditional farm-to-fork context, which include phage-based mixtures and commercially available phage products. This paper concludes with some potential safety concerns that need to be addressed to enable bacteriophage use efficiently.

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) can be aided by the addition of a calibration silicone ring, banded SG (BSG). It provides better weight loss than non-banded SG but with higher rate of adverse events. The aim of this case report is to further contribute to the knowledge of how to endoscopically manage these patients by placing a new esophageal stent (Luso-Cor®). A 58-year-old female with grade III obesity (weight 110 kg, BMI: 45.2 kg/m2) underwent SG in 2013. Due to the limited weight loss, a surgical calibration silicon ring was placed in 2017. In the following months, she developed recurrent and abundant postprandial regurgitation, achieving a minimum weight of 66 kg (BMI: 27.1 kg/m2). Gastroesophageal transit showed a stricture at the junction of the gastric corpus and antrum, causing gastric outlet obstruction. Endoscopy identified a regular luminal stenosis with normal mucosa, which allowed easy passage of the endoscope with slight pressure. Two sessions of endoscopic dilatation were performed, first with an 18-mm through-the-scope balloon and later with a 30-mm pneumatic balloon without symptomatic relief. A two-step endoscopic therapeutic approach was proposed to first promote intragastric ring erosion by placing a new partially covered metallic stent, Luso-Cor® esophageal stent 30/20/30 × 240 mm, and subsequently retrieve the stent, followed by cutting and retrieval of the ring. The proximal flare with a 30 mm diameter was placed in the distal esophagus and the distal edge in the prepyloric antrum. However, 2 weeks later, she complained of vomiting and abdominal fullness. Complete migration of the proximal flare of the stent into the remnant gastric fundus was seen on the contrast study. Endoscopy was performed, and the stent was easily removed. A blue calibration ring, partially eroded into the gastric lumen, was observed at the site of gastric tube stenosis. After stent removal, the patient was asymptomatic, and so conservative follow-up was decided. A follow-up endoscopy, performed 5 months later, showed complete reepithelization of the eroded ring. The patient remains asymptomatic after 3 years of follow-up and has regained weight up to 76 kg (BMI: 31.2 kg/m2). The efficacy of endoscopy on the management of ring-related adverse events has been previously reported. Small-case series describe the use of multiple pneumatic dilations or the deployment of plastic or covered metallic stents to cause erosion of the overlying mucosa, followed by cutting and retrieval of the ring. In conclusion, we believe that the mural pressure exerted by the Luso-Cor® esophageal stent, in the limited period it remained in situ, was sufficient to relieve the luminal pressure of the silicon ring, realigning the ring with the remnant gastric tube. This rare clinical entity highlights the potential role of specific metallic stents in the management of these patients.

Adolescents' relationship with technology is controversial both because of the possibilities it offers and because of the risks it entails, even being perceived by them as a real need. In order to improve the knowledge about it, a non-experimental research of transversal style has been carried out using a methodology based on data mining. 1,048 students of Secondary Education participated and answered a questionnaire about their use of the Internet and social networks. Six factors were identified, which could be recognized as patterns of behavior in the network. They are grouped around: (1) the communicative and informative dimension of the resources; (2) the one related to the security in the network; (3) the risk and vulnerability; (4) the specialized information both general and specific, (5) the transfer and acquisition of goods; and (6) the leisure and parental surveillance. The main findings show that their habits are mostly oriented towards the transfer and transaction along with the maintenance of security, avoiding situations that could involve risk and vulnerability in navigation. The identification of these subgroups is timely to develop training and digital literacy actions.

This study was envisaged to develop a probiotic chicken meat spread fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactic acid bacteria-LAB) and malted sorghum flour as a substrate and evaluation of its quality. Chicken meat spread was prepared by incorporating malted sorghum flour at 0, 2, 4 and 6 % (w/w) levels as a substrate in the product's formulation, along with Lactobacillus acidophilus at a concentration of 1 million cfu/g of the product. The product prepared with different formulations i.e. C (meat spread only), C1 (meat spread with 0 % malted sorghum flour + LAB), T1 (meat spread with 2 % malted sorghum flour + LAB), T2 (meat spread with 4 % malted sorghum flour + LAB) and T3 (meat spread with 6 % malted sorghum flour + LAB) were assessed for fresh product study and the storage stability at refrigeration temperature for 16 days when the physico-chemical parameters were analyzed. The fresh product study revealed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher moisture content in the T3 group. However, lower protein, ether extract, and ash content in T2 and T3 samples compared with the control, whereas a higher emulsion stability and cooking yield in the T2 group were observed when compared with the control. Free fatty acid, thiobarbituric acid, and titratable acidity values significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased for the fermented samples in comparison to the control, and the same trend continued during the entire storage period. This study showcases the potential of using malted sorghum flour and Lactobacillus acidophilus to enhance the functional properties of chicken meat spreads, making them more nutritious and appealing to health-conscious consumers. Future research should focus on optimizing ingredient proportions and exploring alternative substrates to further improve these functional meat products.

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the ataxin-3 protein, which initiates a cascade of pathogenic events, including transcriptional dysregulation. Genotype-phenotype correlations in MJD are incomplete, suggesting an influence of additional factors, such as epigenetic modifications, underlying the MJD pathogenesis. DNA methylation is known to impact the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders through gene expression regulation and increased methylation has been reported for other SCAs. In this work we aimed to analyse global methylation in MJD carriers. Global 5-mC levels were quantified in blood samples of 33 MJD mutation carriers (patients and preclinical subjects) and 33 healthy controls, matched by age, sex, and smoking status. For a subset of 16 MJD subjects, a pilot follow-up analysis with two time points was also conducted. No differences were found in median global 5-mC levels between MJD mutation carriers and controls and no correlations between methylation levels and clinical or genetic variables were detected. Also, no alterations in global 5-mC levels were observed over time. Our findings do not support an increase in global blood methylation levels associated with MJD.

Two innovative and efficient routes were developed to produce glycerol-alkyl ethers employing Williamson reaction conditions in a heterogeneous medium. Thus, the ion exchange resin Amberlyst A26TM −OH form and KOH supported on alumina (KOH/Al2O3) were used as basic solid reagents for alkoxide ion formation. First, glycerol-1,3-iodohydrin and glycerol-1,3-bromohydrin were converted into 1,3-methyl- and 1,3-ethyl glycerol ethers (98–100%) when reacted with MeOH and EtOH, both as solvent and reagent. A second route employed glycerol as an alkoxide ion source and different organic halides such as electrophiles (ethyl iodide, ethyl bromide, allyl bromide, and benzyl bromide) in the presence of Amberlyst A26TM −OH form or KOH/Al2O3. When Amberlyst A26TM −OH resin was used glycerol was converted (100%) to glycerol-1-monoether (73%), -1,3-diether (21%), and -triether (6%) by treating with ethyl bromide or ethyl iodide at 60°C in 1,4-dioxane for 24 h. The use of more reactive halides produced a complex mixture of products. Additionally, the use of ethyl bromide in the presence of KOH/Al2O3, under reflux in 1,4-dioxane for 24 h, led to the consumption of 90% of glycerol with the formation of glycerol-1-ethyl ether (98%) and glycerol-1,3-ethyl ether (2%). The ion exchange resin Amberlyst A26TM −OH could be regenerated and reused in the process.

Species diversity depends on the capacity of species to coexist, and when these share similar ecological requirements some degree of partitioning of the ecological niche is expected. Within the order Carnivora, direct and indirect interspecific interactions shape community structure and composition. Although strong negative interactions (e.g., interspecific killing) are expected between large carnivores and subordinate species, mesocarnivores that dominate most human disturbed landscapes can still strongly compete for resources given their similar body size and energy requirements. To identify the mechanisms of coexistence between mesocarnivore species in a Mediterranean landscape we assessed the ecological niche overlap between five species (Vulpes vulpes, Meles meles, Martes foina, Herpestes ichneumon, Genetta genetta), by simultaneously measuring the space, time, and trophic resource use. The multi-species occupancy model fit to camera-trapping data revealed spatial co-occurrence between most species’ pairs and an avoidance pattern between only stone marten and Eurasian badger (78 % probability of a negative effect). Using genetically identified scats, we assessed trophic niche breadth and overlap. Niche breadth was narrow for red fox, Eurasian badger, and stone marten, given these species consumed almost exclusively fruits and arthropods, and so trophic niche overlap was high. For the genet and the mongoose, the consumption of different food resources (e.g., mammals, birds, and reptiles) increased niche breadth and decreased the niche overlap with the other sympatric species. Finally, niche segregation was more significant along the temporal axis, since the mongoose has a diurnal activity pattern and the remaining carnivore species, although mostly nocturnal, had small asynchronies in the activity peaks which could decrease the chance of direct encounters. Therefore, our results suggest that similar habitat preferences and ecological requirements rather than interspecific competition shape the mesocarnivores’ resource use in this landscape. Nonetheless, fine-scale temporal segregation seems the main mechanism to facilitate coexistence, together with small differences in trophic resource use, especially for species with high spatial and temporal overlap.

AimsTo assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health condition of people ≥75 years of age and on their family caregivers in Spain.DesignMulticentric, mixed method concurrent study.MethodsThis work, which will be conducted within the primary care setting in 11 administrative regions of Spain, will include three coordinated studies with different methodologies. The first is a population-based cohort study that will use real-life data to analyze the rates and evolution of health needs, care provision, and services utilization before, during, and after the pandemic. The second is a prospective cohort study with 18 months of follow-up that will evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on mortality, frailty, functional and cognitive capacity, and quality of life of the participants. Finally, the third will be a qualitative study with a critical social approach to understand and interpret the social, political, and economic dimensions associated with the use of health services during the pandemic. We have followed the SPIRIT Checklist to address trial protocol and related documents. This research is being funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III since 2021 and was approved by its ethics committee (June 2022).DiscussionThe study findings will reveal the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the older adults and their caregivers. This information will serve policymakers to adapt health policies to the needs of this population in situations of maximum stress, such as that produced by the COVID-19 pandemic.Trial RegistrationIdentifier: NCT05249868 [ClinicalTrials.gov].

Os impactos ambientais causados pelas atividades econômicas têm o desmatamento como uma das principais causas da devastação da Amazônia. Neste artigo tratamos do desenvolvimento da estratégia didática Iceberg para a discussão do desmatamento na/da Amazônia. A pesquisa-formação, de natureza qualitativa foi realizada com estudantes de licenciatura. Os esquemas do Iceberg relativos ao desmatamento e as manifestações dos estudantes referentes a estes esquemas, foram analisados pelo método da análise de conteúdo, mais precisamente a técnica da análise de enunciação. Os resultados evidenciam (in)visibilidades sobre o desmatamento que a feitura do Iceberg lançou luz. Os estudantes ao exporem suas produções coletivas indicam que apreenderam as múltiplas causas e consequências relativas ao desmatamento. A prática educativa em questão, baseada na comunicação e no diálogo, mostrou-se importante na formação de professores de ciências, por promover uma visão integrada do cenário amazônico, especificamente o desmatamento na/da Amazônia.

La orientación profesional es clave para garantizar una educación de calidad e inclusiva y las tecnologías constituyen uno de los medios que pueden facilitar el alcance de ese desafío, por lo que son precisas ciertas habilidades en su manejo. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la competencia digital de las personas profesionales de la orientación en los centros de formación profesional de España. Se describen, se comparan y se analizan las respuestas emitidas por el 47,11% de la población a un cuestionario validado creado ad hoc que presenta una fiabilidad α = 0,81. Se desarrolla un estudio de datos descriptivo, correlacional y de redes bayesianas mediante los programas SPSS Statistics 22 y OpenMarkov. Los resultados afirman que la muestra posee una competencia digital a nivel usuario adquirida en su mayoría por autoformación y asistencia a conferencias. Además, los recursos y las herramientas más innovadoras están poco integrados en la orientación profesional, siendo las plataformas y los programas específicos de la orientación los más desconocidos. Como conclusión, las administraciones deben afrontar este desafío ofreciendo programas de formación permanente para mejorar las competencias digitales y, por ende, la integración de recursos tecnológicos como aliados para una educación más accesible e inclusiva.

Las vídeo-anotaciones posibilitan nuevas interacciones asíncronas entre autor y lector, documentan las evidencias multimedia y promueven la reflexión. Con este marco de referencia, se plantea un estudio para conocer las buenas prácticas, así como los impactos, dificultades y requisitos necesarios para implementar los recursos tecnológicos en las prácticas externas de los títulos de Educación. Participan 26 personas que poseen roles diferentes. Se han realizado entrevistas grabadas que se examinan mediante vídeo-anotaciones y cuyos datos se tratan con un análisis textual y factorial, junto con una técnica de clasificación jerárquica. Los resultados muestran 90 segmentos de texto constituidos por 2.657 palabras y 751 formas activas suplementarias, que se agrupan en seis factores. Los resultados muestran una distribución desigual de las variables establecidas entre los grupos y una relación estadísticamente significativa. Se concluye que existe confluencia entre los grupos empleo, comunicación y seguimiento, por un lado; por otro, los grupos aprendizaje, tipología e implicaciones. Existe también una mayor frecuencia en las categorías ‘requerimientos’ e ‘impacto’, lo que pone de manifiesto un discurso de los entrevistados centrado en aquellas cuestiones relacionadas con las exigencias necesarias para implementar las tecnologías en el Prácticum y las mejoras que aportan en este momento formativo.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3)/Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a heritable proteinopathy disorder, whose causative gene, ATXN3, undergoes alternative splicing. Ataxin-3 protein isoforms differ in their toxicity, suggesting that certain ATXN3 splice variants may be crucial in driving the selective toxicity in SCA3. Using RNA-seq datasets we identified and determined the abundance of annotated ATXN3 transcripts in blood (n = 60) and cerebellum (n = 12) of SCA3 subjects and controls. The reference transcript (ATXN3–251), translating into an ataxin-3 isoform harbouring three ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs), showed the highest abundance in blood, while the most abundant transcript in the cerebellum (ATXN3–208) was of unclear function. Noteworthy, two of the four transcripts that encode full-length ataxin-3 isoforms but differ in the C-terminus were strongly related with tissue expression specificity: ATXN3–251 (3UIM) was expressed in blood 50-fold more than in the cerebellum, whereas ATXN3–214 (2UIM) was expressed in the cerebellum 20-fold more than in the blood. These findings shed light on ATXN3 alternative splicing, aiding in the comprehension of SCA3 pathogenesis and providing guidance in the design of future ATXN3 mRNA-lowering therapies.

The time elapsed between the moments of maximum rainfall intensity and maximum soil moisture, known as peak to peak (P2P), is part of the hydrological response of the soil, but literature has missed this metric in any woody crop. In a vineyard with permanent vegetation cover (humid climatic conditions), the influence of two cultivars (Agudelo and Blanco Legítimo) and two zones (rows and inter-row areas) on the values of soil moisture response time, absolute change in moisture (ΔS) and P2P was evaluated for 118 rainfall events in three soil layers. 12 capacitance probes and a weather station were used, and data measured every 15 min. A positive response (ΔS > 0) was observed in 79 %, 73 % and 67 % of all events at soil depth of 5, 15 and 25 cm, decreasing ΔS with increasing soil depth. Differences of ΔS were significant among layers, but not among cultivars and zones. The maximum ΔS occurred at 15 cm, while the minimum was observed at 25 cm. No response was evident when specific thresholds were not reached: rainfall depth (0.60 mm event−1), maximum intensity (1.20 mm h−1) or duration (30 min). Topsoil conditions –high rainfall interception by the dense cover and high soil organic matter content– influenced the results at 5 cm. Rain parameters correlated well with ΔS, but weak with the response time and P2P. P2P occurred earlier in the rows than between the rows, especially at 15 cm. Shorter P2P appeared in Agudelo, with significant differences in the rows at 5 cm. P2P differed significantly among layers, increasing P2P with soil depth. Similar ΔS values appeared in Spring and Autumn, and were significantly different than those in Summer, but P2P did not differ significantly among seasons. Therefore, the magnitude and timing of the soil hydrological response were independent processes.

Identificam-se, no texto, o que designamos de etapas (ao jeito de breves narrativas) um projeto que se pretende “inovador” de “turismo científico” organizado em passos de uma experiênciação única. As condições do caso de estudo são de ordem quase-laboratoriais. O contexto apresenta-se como o de uma “eco-árqueo-história agro-florestal” do padrão de povoamento mediterrânico-peninsular. Em lugar de se escolher uma abordagem racionalista para refletir sobre os factos em discussão, segue-se uma abordagem à Gabriel Garcia Marques para se fazer experimentar às pessoas comuns o essencial do que está em causa. Só que em lugar de um romance opta-se, neste caso, pela escolha da força de um espaço a explorar, como só pode fazer-se no âmbito de uma digressão turística colocando-se o próprio espaço (a título de personagem) no centro da narrativa. O espaço da Herdade do Freixo do Meio (HFM) conta, efetivamente, uma história radicalmente diferente da narrativa dominante e que faz depender a era da sedentarização como um resultado da designada “revolução (neolítica) dos cereais”. Efetivamente, procura dar-se conta, neste texto, de um “percurso conceptual”, em 10 etapas, ou narrativas, deduzidas da nossa observação direta no terreno, complementada por diversas entrevistas com os atores mencionadas no texto, cobrindo cerca de 7.000 anos de povoamento, no espaço da Herdade do Freixo do Meio (HFM), em Foros de Vale Figueira – concelho de Montemor o Novo, uma propriedade que permite demonstrar a possibilidade de existir uma plena sustentabilidade, de todos os pontos de vista, ou seja, de valores assentes na justiça social, demográfica, económica e, naturalmente, ecológica. O projeto de guião (script) de um roteiro turístico, idealizado enquanto possível produto vendável, visa amplificar o trabalho, verdadeiramente invulgar pela ambição de romper com qualquer vínculo ao passado da exploração latifundiária, realizado na HFM, na fase difícil, do desenvolvimento do projeto, visto do lado do estímulo à procura. Este projeto propõe-se “ajudar” a divulgar a ação coletiva dos atores da experiência agroflorestal revolucionária da HFM e, dessa forma, encontrar o modelo da sua consolidação, por outro lado, o de um novo ciclo de estímulo à procura. Acresce que, nessa consolidação da procura pelo turismo científico, poderá conceber-se um interesse particular a partir do estudo ora proposto, segundo pensamos, analisando-o sob um terceiro ângulo, o da sua efetivamente “fácil” repetibilidade, através dos territórios do interior do nosso país, e não só.

This study sought to evaluate the influence of knowledge, attitude, and practices assessment on diabetes related to obesity in Pakistani society. Data was collected both through door to door and online survey approaches from 518 participants by using a pre-validated questionnaire. A total of 15.6% were underweight, 61.2% were normal weight, 17.2% were overweight and 5.8% were in obesity class I and 2.9% were classified as obesity class II. The co-occurrence of obesity and diabetes was 29% (n = 22) among diabetic individuals (n = 84). A majority of the residents (59.1%) were from cities. While 94% of the participants responded to what obesity was, 83.8% knew what diabetes was. Fast food, soft drinks, and mayonnaise were deemed to be healthy by 75.1% of the respondents. Obesity was viewed as a disease by 94.8%, a major health issue by 78.2%, and a weight-loss necessity by 44.6% of participants. Only 24.9% exercised every day, and 23.9% engaged in any physical activity daily. The majority of respondents (50.6%) never tried to lose weight and 23.2% ate junk food daily. The sociodemographic variables showed that the age ranges of 25–34 years (P

Resumo A doença veno-oclusiva pulmonar (DVOP) e a hemangiomatose capilar pulmonar são tipos raros de substratos histopatológicos dentro do espectro da hipertensão arterial pulmonar (HAP) com prognóstico muito ruim. Caracterizam-se por um processo fibroproliferativo generalizado das veias e/ou capilares de pequeno calibre com preservação das veias maiores, resultando em um fenótipo de hipertensão pulmonar pré-capilar. A apresentação clínica é inespecífica e semelhante a outras etiologias de HAP. O diagnóstico definitivo é obtido por meio de análise histológica, embora a biópsia pulmonar não seja aconselhada devido ao maior risco de complicações. No entanto, alguns achados adicionais podem permitir um diagnóstico clínico presuntivo de DVOP, especialmente história de tabagismo, uso de drogas quimioterápicas, exposição a solventes orgânicos (particularmente tricloroetileno), baixa capacidade de difusão do monóxido de carbono (DLCO), dessaturação ao esforço e evidências de doença venosa sem doença cardíaca esquerda no exame de imagem, manifestada por uma tríade clássica de opacidades em vidro fosco, linhas septais, e linfadenopatias. O transplante pulmonar é o único tratamento eficaz e os pacientes devem ser encaminhados no momento do diagnóstico, devido à rápida progressão da doença e ao prognóstico ruim. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 58 anos com HAP com características de envolvimento venoso/capilar em que a suspeita clínica, o pronto diagnóstico e o encaminhamento precoce para transplante pulmonar foram determinantes para um bom desfecho.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune chronic enteropathy provoked by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. Considering it´s only safe treatment is a lifelong gluten-free diet, the burden of living with the disease becomes evident, as well as the need to assess CD health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This review aims to identify and analyze the instruments used to evaluate the HRQOL of adults with CD. This integrative review using a systematic approach was designed to achieve high scientific standards. Accordingly, the search strategy was developed and executed as recommended by the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Detailed individual searches were developed to Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. After careful analysis of the papers, 43 studies were included, in which seven instruments were identified: Celiac Disease Questionnaire (CDQ) (n=21), Celiac Disease Specific Quality of Life Instrument (CD-QOL) (n=17), Celiac Disease Assessment Questionnaire (CDAQ) (n=4), CeliacQ-7 (n=1), CeliacQ-27 (n=1), Black and Orfila´s self-developed instrument (n=1) and the Coeliac Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (CDQL) (n=1). The CDQ and CD-QOL were the two most applied instruments. Since the first focuses on the physical and mental symptoms related to the disease and the second focuses on the emotional repercussions of adhering to the GFD treatment for life (dysphoria), the CDQ application is an interesting option for countries that struggle with public policies for CD patients and patients with active CD. The CD-QOL could be used for countries with strict regulations for CD and gluten-free products and populations in remission. When comparing results among different populations, it is preferable to utilize culturally validated instruments, which have been applied across multiple countries, providing greater comparability between study findings.

Objective: To analyze the molecular composition of a sample of Baltic amber taken from an amber bracelet, verify the presence or absence of compounds beneficial to human health, and discuss the therapeutic potential of this fossil resin. Material and Methods: For this, a qualitative analysis was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS system), which can perform an automated separation into individual components of amber. Results: The samples comprised terpenes and terpenoids: monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, hydronaphthalene, succinic acid, and isopimaric acid. These have therapeutic potential for several diseases, inhibit several stages of the inflammatory process, and improve the symptoms caused by it. Conclusion: The amber of this sample tested is formed by terpenes and terpenoids, substances with anti-inflammatory and analgesic. However, an in-depth study is needed on the release and absorption of substances in human skin or their actual effectiveness.

Human communities that inhabit the political borders live a transitional life, which is due to several socio-political and geo-climatic factors. The current cross-cultural ethnomedicinal study was conducted at the highly elevated Pakistan-India borders of the Western Himalayas in order to address the medicinal flora and folk knowledge of Balti and Shina communities. Ethnobotanical field surveys were conducted from May 2021 to September 2022. We used semi-structured interviews in order to collect the ethnomedicinal data. The collected data was analyzed using the relative frequency of the citations, use value, and Venn diagrams. A total of 140 interviews were conducted, which comprised of 90 (64.28%) Baltis and 50 (35.71%) Shinas. The interviews recorded 60 medicinal plant species that belong to 56 genera and 35 families. Asteraceae (5 spp.), Lamiaceae (5 spp.), and Apiaceae (4 spp.) were the families that were the most represented. These medicinally valued plants were being used for 55 health issues that are related to different body systems. Delphinium brunonianum, Thymus linearis, Hymenolaena candollei, Corydalis adiantifolia, and Seriphidium brevifolium were medicinal taxa with maximum RFCs and UV. The Baltis have comparatively more ethnomedicinal knowledge than the Shinas. The Baltis commonly used 22 (36.66%) species, which 34 (56.66%) were exclusive to the Baltis and 4 (6.66%) to the Shinas. Both ethnic groups collectively hold significant ethnobotanical knowledge that demands the preservation of risked folk knowledge, which is due to uncertain border situations, outmigration, and permeating allopathic drugs.

The conservationist mentality of classifying pristine and degraded environments has given way to a more intelligent approach, that is, producing and applying knowledge to increase and support biodiversity in human habitats. Cities have a high potential for the conservation of biological diversity, but it is not fully feasible without considerable planning and management inputs. There are many ecosystem services provided by trees in urban ecological systems, whose positive impact on human well-being is consensual in the literature. Likewise, the capacity of urban flora, especially woody vegetation, to attract and support fauna has been proven in several studies. Tropical megadiverse countries whose cities are undergoing rapid urbanization such as Brazil face the double challenge of creating cities that can support biological diversity, with environmental justice. The most important tool for solving these demands is urban afforestation planning. However, the capacity of Brazilian cities to plan and execute tree-planting projects is low. In this essay, we discuss the main difficulties related to urban afforestation in Brazil and present some alternatives for increasing the number of trees and species and for the democratization of their benefits, especially in neighborhoods with low socioeconomic status