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Excitation-energy dependent parity ratios in the level densities of [Formula: see text] isotopes are calculated within a microscopic approach. Introducing a parity equilibration parameter, energy dependence of the transition from where a single parity dominates to a parity equilibrated state is compared among [Formula: see text] isotopes and its relation to the pairing effect is investigated. A correlation between the pair-breaking and the equilibration of parity distributions is observed for the considered isotopes.

In this study, crumpled nanosheets of molybdenum-doped LaFeO3 (LaMo0.1Fe0.9O3) were prepared by the citric acid based sol–gel route. Characterization of the prepared LaMo0.1Fe0.9O3 was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM). The catalytic performance of LaMo0.1Fe0.9O3 nanostructures was evaluated in the green synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines from one-pot three-component reaction of 2-naphthol, different substituted aromatic aldehydes, barbituric acid and its derivatives under solvent-free conditions. This method provides several advantages such as mild conditions, operational simplicity, high yields, safety, easy workup and simple purification of products, little catalyst loading, and reusability of the catalyst.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression is a significant common health problem that has negative effects on mental and physical health of mothers and their infants. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being (SWB) and perceived social support with postpartum depression in new mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a descriptive survey design, 200 mothers in the 4th–8th weeks after delivery, who referred to selected therapeutic centers in Qom Province, were selected by a convenience sampling method. They were asked to answer the question of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, SWB Scale, and Farhangestan Spiritual Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and Chi-square. RESULTS: The prevalence of postpartum depression in this group was 22%. Pearson correlation test showed that there was a negative correlation between high level of perceived social support and SWB with postpartum depression. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that perceived social support and SWB have an important role in low depressive symptom in mothers during postpartum. This result can help health-care professionals to pay much attention to social support and SWB as a protective factor against postpartum depression in postpartum or pregnancy care programs.

Background: Recently, more evidence has been presented regarding the role of behavioral activation/inhibition systems as predictors of substance use disorders. In fact, these systems are regarded as potentially important factors in the development of this complex psychiatric problem. Objectives: This study aimed to determine how behavioral activation/inhibition systems, namely behavioral activation, behavioral inhibition, and fight-flight freezing systems, affect substance abuse in bipolar patients. Methods: A total of 79 patients with bipolar disorder were selected among hospitalized patients in the psychiatric ward of Kamkar-Arabnia Hospital in Qom, Iran. The participants completed the Gray-Wilson personality questionnaire, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Mood Disorder Questionnaire, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition systems emerged as significant predictors of substance abuse in bipolar patients (χ2 = 52.511; df = 3; P < 0.0005). Gender and type of bipolar disorder (I or II) showed no significant association with the scores of behavioral activation, behavioral inhibition, or fight-flight freezing systems. Also, the behavioral inhibition system scores could predict manic mood (χ2 = 7.067; df = 3; P < 0.070). Conclusions: The findings of the current study provide further evidence regarding the role of behavioral activation and inhibition systems as predictors of substance abuse in bipolar patients.

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) might be conceptualized as belonging to the bipolar disorder spectrum. For this purpose, we compared these disorders’ attachment styles, intimate relationship, and anger experience. Objectives: Objectives of the current research were investigating of attachment style, quality of intimate relationship, and anger experience in patients with porderline personality and bipolar-II disorders and comparing these variables in these groups. Methods: The method of research was comparative. The sample consisted of 37 BPD and 41 BP-II outpatients that were selected through convenience sampling method. They were requested to answer “Attachment Style Questionnaire”, “Quality of relationship inventory” and “Multidimensional Anger Inventory”. Results: The t-test showed that there was no significant difference between BPD and bipolar disorder Type II (BP-II) groups in anxious and secure attachment styles. However, BPD patients showed higher levels of avoidant attachment styles compared to the BD-II patients. In addition, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the quality of intimate relationship and anger experience in general. However, BPD and BD-II patients had a significant difference in “conflict with friends”, “conflict with partner”, and “anger arousal” subscales, in a way that BPD patients had higher scores on these subscales. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that insecure attachment style is the common underlying psychopathology of both BPD and Bipolar disorders that leads to similar intimate relationships and anger experience. These findings support the re -conceptualization of BPD in the Bipolar spectrum.

In this study, a novel, heterogeneous and reusable catalyst prepared by the coordinative anchoring of metal(II) phthalocyanine complexes (M: Fe, Cu) on the guanidine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was reported. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and FT-IR measurements. The catalysts were used successfully in the synthesis of β-amido ketones. This method provides several advantages including little catalyst loading, absence of any tedious workup or purification and at least six times reusability of the catalyst without any remarkable change in the catalytic activity.

In an attempt to enhance the desired properties of textile substrates, hybrid fluorocarbon coating of the wool substrate together with UV/O3 treatment was investigated. The application of fluorocarbons on the wool fabrics was found to have some processing problems due to the chemistry and structure of the wool fiber surface. Therefore, in this research, the use of UV/Ozone as a promising and environmentally friendly fast treatment for the surface modification of the wool substrate was studied. Both-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, in comparison to only one-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, resulted in the slightly better performance as evaluated for both pad-dry-cure and print-dry-cure fluorocarbon finishing treatments. By this novel hybrid finishing, the fabric outside finished with the fluorochemical exhibited hydrophobicity with 3M water repellency of 10 and the fabric inner side, which was in contact with the human body, kept its natural desirable moisture absorption. The UV/Ozone pre-treatment, by oxidizing the topmost layer of the fibers surface, imparted better durability of the fluorocarbon treatment to repeated washings and abrasion. However, UV/Ozone irradiation process could not overcome the drawback of fluorocarbon molecules reorientation after washing and/or abrasion, but the samples retrieved their hydrophobicity after hot-pressing. Overall, after the application of this novel method (both-sided UV/Ozone modified and then fluorochemical finish treated via the print-dry-cure process) on wool fabric, the inner side of the wool fabric, which was next to the skin, could provide desirable comforting moisture absorption for human body and protect the human skin from the negative hydrophobic effects of fluorocarbon chains; moreover, the outer side of the wool fabric exhibited highly durable (to repeated washings and abrasion) water and oil repellency properties to the outside world, helping the wool fabric display better dimensional stability with less shrinkage performance after repeated washings and higher air-permeability performance without detrimental effects on the tensile properties. © 2015, The Korean Fiber Society and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Various two-substituted benzoxazoles were prepared using microwave-assisted reaction of 2-aminophenol with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of one equivalent of potassium cyanide as an equimolecular catalyst. Aldehydes having either electron-donating or withdrawing groups afforded the target products. The important features of this method were high yields, short reaction times and easy work up. The structure of synthesized products was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR).

The nuclear level densities, entropies and spin cut off parameters have been determined in 89,90 Y nuclei using the BCS model with inclusion of pairing interaction. The results have a good agreement with the recent experimental data on the level densities measured by the Oslo group. In addition, the entropy excess of 90 Y compared to 89 Y as a function of temperature has been extracted. Also, the role of neutron and proton systems in the entropy excess as well as the spin cut off excess have been investigated using the entropy excess ratio and spin cut off excess ratio introduced in our previous publication. The role of the neutron system at low temperatures, the temperatures below critical temperature, in the semi-magic nucleus 89 Y is similar compared to the closed shell proton system in the tin isotopes.

Thermodynamic quantities of 46 Ti have been calculated in the framework of the BCS model with inclusion of modified nuclear pairing gap (MPBCS) that was proposed in our previous publication. Using modified paring gap results in an S-shaped heat capacity curve at critical temperature with a smooth behavior instead of singular behavior of the same curve in the BCS calculations. In addition the thermal quantities have been extracted within the framework of a canonical ensemble according to the new experimental data on nuclear level densities measured by the Oslo group. Comparison shows a good agreement between our calculations in MPBCS and the extracted quantities in the canonical ensemble framework.

Background: Given the high prevalence of diabetes and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and conflicting reports about bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes, this study was conducted to compare bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this case-control study, 64 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes and 64 healthy postmenopausal women (matched for age) were selected. Then lumbar spine and femoral bone mineral density measurements were performed using DXA. Data were analysed by SPSS-14 software using t-test and chi-square tests. Results: No statistically significant difference was reported between both groups in terms of body mass index, parity, menopausal age, calcium intake, serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. Also, postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes had a slightly higher mean of bone mineral density in lumbar and femoral regions than non-diabetic women. But this difference was not statistically significant (P≥0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, type 2 diabetes mellitus is not a risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

The possibility of using a synthesized inexpensive Bronsted acidic ionic liquids for starch desizing of a textile substrate for the first time was investigated under different conditions in terms of temperature, concentration and treatment time. The samples evaluation was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, microscopic studies, Tegewa tests, measuring weight loss, tensile strength, wetting properties and changes in the samples shades. The results indicated that the ionic liquids have strong effect on the cotton fabric starch desizing (Tegewa 6 or higher) with no adverse effect on the samples strength and whiteness. Thus, it was revealed that proper ionic liquids could be counted as novel starch desizing agents and alternative for the enzymatic process. In addition, it was observed that the acidic ionic liquids because of their specific structure do not have negative aspects of common acidic processes with no sensitivities and drawbacks of enzymatic treatments.

Enhancement in polyester substrates hydrophobicity was carried out by surface modification via chemical pre-treatment, UV-Ozone irradiation and fluorocarbon finishing combinations, which are referred to as CUF-process in this paper. Polyester fabrics were impregnated with different chemicals (Na2CO3, H2O2, H2O2/Na2SiO3, NaOH and CH3NH2) before UV-Ozone gases exposure to investigate the effects of these precursor surface pre-impregnation on the effectiveness of UV-Ozone modification and final super hydrophobicity formation. The changes in substrate properties were by measuring 3 M water repellency (Water/Alcohol Drop Test), water sliding angle (WSA), water contact angle (WCA), wash and abrasion fastness, air permeability, tensile strength and visual appearance of treated fiber surfaces via SEM. The results indicated the usefulness of UV-Ozone treatment for creating proper surface roughness to improve the hydrophobicity of polyester fabrics after fluorocarbon finishing, especially when the fabric was pre-treated with NaOH and H2O2 solutions. The lowest WSA value of 7.9 degrees and the highest WCA of 142.2 degrees were achieved on polyester fabrics using pre-treatment with 60 g/l NaOH and 42 ml/ H2O2 CUF-treatments. Also, the obtained highest water repellency levels and the best air permeability properties led to significant increase in the substrate hydrophobicity did not show any adverse effect on tensile properties and strength deterioration. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Based on theoretical models and experimental evidences of a soft phase transition, with significant, but not abrupt changes in pairing gap of nuclei, a modified pairing gap function was suggested and examined for some of nuclei in our previous publications. Now, we propose a new method to extract the parameters, which exist in the modified pairing gap function. This method is based on phenomenological models, which consider the small size of nuclei and the effect of thermal fluctuations, at the vicinity of the critical temperature. The obtained pairing gap function by this method is easily applicable in the microscopic model calculations within an entire temperature range, from zero to temperatures above the critical point.

In an attempt to enhance the desired properties of textile substrates, hybrid fluorocarbon coating of the wool substrate together with UV/O-3 treatment was investigated. The application of fluorocarbons on the wool fabrics was found to have some processing problems due to the chemistry and structure of the wool fiber surface. Therefore, in this research, the use of UV/Ozone as a promising and environmentally friendly fast treatment for the surface modification of the wool substrate was studied. Both-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, in comparison to only one-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, resulted in the slightly better performance as evaluated for both pad-dry-cure and print-dry-cure fluorocarbon finishing treatments. By this novel hybrid finishing, the fabric outside finished with the fluorochemical exhibited hydrophobicity with 3M water repellency of 10 and the fabric inner side, which was in contact with the human body, kept its natural desirable moisture absorption. The UV/Ozone pre-treatment, by oxidizing the topmost layer of the fibers surface, imparted better durability of the fluorocarbon treatment to repeated washings and abrasion. However, UV/Ozone irradiation process could not overcome the drawback of fluorocarbon molecules reorientation after washing and/or abrasion, but the samples retrieved their hydrophobicity after hot-pressing. Overall, after the application of this novel method (both-sided UV/Ozone modified and then fluorochemical finish treated via the print-dry-cure process) on wool fabric, the inner side of the wool fabric, which was next to the skin, could provide desirable comforting moisture absorption for human body and protect the human skin from the negative hydrophobic effects of fluorocarbon chains; moreover, the outer side of the wool fabric exhibited highly durable (to repeated washings and abrasion) water and oil repellency properties to the outside world, helping the wool fabric display better dimensional stability with less shrinkage performance after repeated washings and higher air-permeability performance without detrimental effects on the tensile properties.

Various 2-substituted benzoxazoles were prepared using microwave assisted reaction of 2-aminophenol with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of one equivalent of potassium cyanide as an equimolecular catalyst. Aldehydes having either electron-donating or withdrawing groups afforded the target products. The important features of this method were high yields, short reaction times and easy work up. The structure of synthesized products was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR).

Introduction: The Disease Registry records and maintains the necessary data for each individual patient according to the purpose for which it was designed. These data are widely used to calculate statistical indicators, resource management, resource allocation, and clinical research. One of the main challenges in using disease registries is their low quality data. Incompleteness, inaccuracy and untimeliness are some of the problems with the quality of the data in the disease registries. In this study, the researchers reviewed the views of some medical specialists on ways to improve the quality of data in the diseases registries. In this study, researchers looked at the views of some medical specialist who were in charge of maintaining a disease registry on ways to improve the quality of data in disease registries. Methods: The qualitative method of in-depth interviews was used to explore the views of medical specialist. They were specialist doctors who were responsible for keeping a disease registry in their specialty. All interviews were conducted by one of the researchers. All interviews were conducted by one of the researchers and the interviews were digitally recorded during the interview. After the interview, the sounds recorded by the researcher were written in the form of text and the themes discussed in them were coded and analyzed. Eventually the coding was reviewed by another researcher, and the opposing opinions of the researchers were resolved through the discussion. Results: The number of medical specialists interviewed was 6, which all of them was internist. The minimum and maximum interview time was 15 and 35 minutes respectively. The most important solutions to improve the quality of data in the diseases registries are: utilization of software systems (suggested by all doctors), utilization of coded data like icd-10 code (suggested by 5 doctors) and connecting disease registries to hospital information systems and other health information system (suggested by 3 doctors). Conclusion: According to the views of the medical specialists who participated in present study, the use of IT-based methods as well as information management methods is the best way to improve the quality of data in the registry.

In this paper, we have taken the effect of small size of nucleus and static fluctuations into account in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity calculations of [Formula: see text]Ti nucleus. Thermodynamic quantities of [Formula: see text]Ti have been extracted within the BCS model with the inclusion of the average value of the pairing gap square, extracted by the modified Ginzburg–Landau (MGL) method for small systems. Calculated values of the excitation energy and entropy within the MGL+BCS method improve the extracted results within the usual BCS model and show a smooth behavior around the critical temperature with a very good agreement with the semi-empirical values. The result of using MGL+BCS method for the heat capacity of [Formula: see text]Ti is compared with the corresponding semi-empirical values and the calculated values within the BCS, static path approximation (SPA) and Modified Pairing gap BCS (MPBCS) which is a method that was proposed in our previous publications. Both MGL+BCS and MPBCS avoid the discontinuity of the heat capacity curve, which is observed in the usual BCS method, and lead to an S-shaped curve with a good agreement with the semi-empirical results.

In this paper, breaking of Cooper pairs in [Formula: see text]Pd is investigated within the canonical ensemble framework and the BCS model. Our results show an evidence of two phase transitions, which are related to neutron and proton systems. Also, with consideration of pairing interaction, the role of neutron and proton systems in entropy, spin cutoff parameter and as a result in the moment of inertia are investigated. The results show minor role for the proton system at low temperatures and approximately equal roles for both neutron and proton systems after the critical temperature. Good agreement was observed between obtained results and the experimental data.