Search

Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a rare tumor that accounts for approximately 2-4% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and less than 20% of LBLs are derived from B cells. B- Lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LBL) often presents as bone marrow and peripheral blood lesions, and is very rare to present as a seller mass. We report a case of sellar B lymphoblastic lymphoma mimicking pituitary apoplexy, and review its diagnosis and treatment process, combined with the literature to deepen the understanding of sellar tumors.

Pelvic metastasis of melanoma is extremely rare and may pose a diagnostic challenge. We present a case report of a female with a history of colon cancer who underwent exploratory surgery for a pelvic mass that was suspicious for ovarian malignancy. Pathology was consistent with both recurrent colon cancer as well as synchronous newly diagnosed metastatic melanoma.

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare illness of recurrent episodes of hypersomnia associated with hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunctions and behavioural abnormalities. KLS, a disorder often reported in young males has been described in fewer females. It is rare in patients with age beyond second decade. We report a case of a female in early thirties who presented with recurrent episodes of excessive sleepiness and hyperphagia with cognitive dysfunctions. Her eating and subsequent weight gain was so prominent that she was referred to addiction treatment centre. She was managed with Lithium and Modafinil.

Bronchogenic cyst results from abnormal bronchial budding. Thin-stalked mobile bronchogenic cysts are rare and sometimes radiologically mimic mass lesion, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. We present a 12-year-old boy with a preoperative diagnosis of intraparenchymal cystic lung lesion misled by radiology. We performed a mini-thoracotomy revealing a thin stalked mobile elongated cyst that arose from the right inferior pulmonary ligament, confirmed as a bronchogenic cyst in histopathology.

Background: Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor commonly seen in the lower extremity. It presents between the ages of 10 and 30 years with male predominance. The most common symptom is bone pain, worsening at night and relieved by aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Osteoid osteoma in the pediatric proximal humerus is rare. Case description: We report a 14-year-old girl with an osteoid osteoma in the proximal humerus successfully treated by CT-guided RF ablation. Literature review: There is a considerable delay in the diagnosis because of common pathological conditions around the shoulder mimic osteoid osteoma. Computer Tomography is the best imaging modality to visualize the nidus and radiolucent lesion and assist in the treatment. Clinical relevance: CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of proximal humerus osteoid osteoma in children is safe, effective, and a reliable method alternative to surgery with a low complication and recurrence rate.

BackgroundAmong sarcomas, which are rare cancers with an incidence of 24 months. Nine patients had at least one grade 3/4 adverse event, mostly being bone marrow toxicity (n=6).ConclusionsTrabectedin has some anti-tumor activity in some ultra-rare and other rare sarcomas, particularly translocation-related sarcomas, with the well-known manageable safety profile.

Background: Because of the rich blood supply, the distal scaphoid fractures heal uneventfully by immobilizing in a short arm cast or orthosis. As a result, the nonunion of the distal scaphoid is rare and remains mostly asymptomatic. Nevertheless, there might be situations where unions may be delayed, and difficult to differentiate between delayed union and nonunion. Case description: We report a long duration of a symptomatic distal scaphoid delayed union in a 22-year-old student who healed without surgical intervention and proper immobilization. Literature review: However, the knowledge and the biology of intrinsic fracture healing behind such delayed unions are poorly understood. Hence, the concept of treating distal scaphoid delayed union needs a revisit. Clinical relevance: This report provides a definite role of conservative management in delayed unions of the distal third scaphoid.

Solitary thyroid nodule should raise a suspicion of malignancy, which is very common in middle-aged females. Papillary carcinoma thyroid is the most common thyroid malignancy. Warthin-like papillary carcinoma is one of its rare variants. It has a frequent association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Here, we report a case of 43-year-old female who presented with swelling in the anterior aspect of neck for 1 month. Fine-needle aspiration cytology features were suggestive of papillary carcinoma thyroid and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Warthin-like papillary carcinoma thyroid. This variant is of great clinical and prognostic significance as it carries an excellent prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare plant species that are constrained by shading may be threatened by a lack of natural disturbance that removes overhanging vegetation. The original distribution of the study species Physostegia correllii (Lundell) Shinners included freshwater floodplains of large rivers in the southcentral U.S. (Colorado, Rio Grande, and Mississippi rivers). A second species, Trillium texanum Buckley was found in seep spring baygalls in east-central Texas and extreme northwestern Louisiana. Experiments to determine the effects of shading on P. correllii and T. texanum were conducted using short-term shade cloth treatments (full sunlight vs. 30% shading for 2-3 weeks), and a dryness treatment for T. texanum (moist vs. less moist). Mean height and cover responses of individuals for both species were determined in conservation gardens located in Lafayette, Louisiana. Physostegia correllii grown in shaded environments for 2.5 weeks had shorter mean height than if grown in full sunlight. Half of the shaded plants in shaded plots had died by the mid-summer. For T. texanum, shading reduced the mean height and cover of plants. Therefore, management to remove overhanging ground vegetation to mimic natural disturbance might revive P. correllii and/or T. texanum populations where overhanging vegetation is increasing due to lack of natural disturbance (e.g., flood pulsing, grazing, burning). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop and test a parallel transmit (pTx) pulse design framework to mitigate transmit field inhomogeneity with control of local specific absorption rate (SAR) in 2D rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) imaging at 7T. We design large flip angle RF pulses with explicit local SAR constraints by numerical simulation of the Bloch equations. Parallel computation and analytical expressions for the Jacobian and the Hessian matrices are employed to reduce pulse design time. The refocusing-excitation "spokes" pulse pairs are designed to satisfy the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) condition using a combined magnitude least squares-least squares approach. In a simulated dataset, the proposed approach reduced peak local SAR by up to 56% for the same level of refocusing uniformity error and reduced refocusing uniformity error by up to 59% (from 32% to 7%) for the same level of peak local SAR compared to the circularly polarized birdcage mode of the pTx array. Using explicit local SAR constraints also reduced peak local SAR by up to 46% compared to an RF peak power constrained design. The excitation and refocusing uniformity error were reduced from 20%–33% to 4%–6% in single slice phantom experiments. Phantom experiments demonstrated good agreement between the simulated excitation and refocusing uniformity profiles and experimental image shading. PTx-designed excitation and refocusing CPMG pulse pairs can mitigate transmit field inhomogeneity in the 2D RARE sequence. Moreover, local SAR can be decreased significantly using pTx, potentially leading to better slice coverage, enabling larger flip angles or faster imaging. • An arbitrary FA pTx pulse design algorithm with local SAR constraints was developed. • Refocusing nonuniformity was reduced by up to 59% compared to CP mode. • Peak local SAR was reduced by up to 56% compared to CP mode. • Excitation-refocusing pulses for RARE imaging were validated in phantom experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lumbar hernias are rarely encountered as compared to other ventral abdominal wall hernias and are often misdiagnosed and overlooked. They account for less than 1.5% of all abdominal hernias. Fewer than 300 cases have been reported over the past 300 years. A lumbar hernia is defined as a protrusion of intra-abdominal contents through a weakness or rupture in the posterior abdominal wall. It must be distinguished from a lipoma, cold (tuberculous) abscess or a pseudo-hernia due to local muscular paralysis. Presenting a case of 65-year-old female who came to surgery OPD with complaint of a swelling in the right lumbar area since 5 years. On examination, a smooth and non-tender swelling measuring approximately 4 x 3 cm was evident in right lumbar region. We proceeded with a lumbar ultrasound which confirmed the presence of the hernia in posterior abdominal wall. Later, the patient was admitted for surgery under spinal anaesthesia. An open approach was performed and intraoperative findings revealed retroperitoneal fat, intermuscular lipoma and a small hernia sac as contents of swelling. It is very unusual to find lumbar hernias presenting with a lipoma, as in our case, the clinical findings alone can be very confusing and increase the chances of incorrect diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Inability of clinical examination and ultrasonography alone in making an adequate diagnosis of lumbar hernia in preoperative setting mandates a routine CT/MRI for all such patients, to ensure surgeons have a correct diagnosis before proceeding for surgery. Ideal management is just like other hernias, i.e., with mesh hernioplasty either laparoscopically or through an open approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the spectrum of polycystic kidney disease, the adult form, that is autosomal dominant, is the most commonly seen. It often manifests in later years, as seen in the case of a 60-year-old female who presented with sudden onset abdominal pain and jaundice. After initial assessment, treatment was initiated in the form of iv antibiotics, platelet transfusions, input restriction and other supportive measures. Eventually, patient was put on maintenance haemodialysis due to end-stage renal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kimura disease is a rare benign chronic inflammatory disorder characterised by multiple subcutaneous nodules and lymphadenopathy most commonly in head and neck region. It is seen in Asian men in their 2nd and 3rd decade. Kimura disease is usually confused for Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and associated with eosinophilia and increased serum IgE. Kimura disease is also known for its recurrence. Diagnosis is by histopathological examination. Treatment is mainly surgical excision for cosmetic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is an epithelial odontogenic tumor and a rare variant of ameloblastoma. It was first described by Eversole in 1984. In the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of odontogenic tumors (2005), DA has been considered as a distinct entity from conventional/multicystic ameloblastoma. DA differs strikingly in its clinical, radiological, and histopathological presentation when compared to other variants of ameloblastoma. We report here an extremely rare "Hybrid DA" in a 50-year-old female patient with painless hard swelling involving right posterior mandible with detailed clinical history, an unusual radiographic and histopathological presentation. Histopathology revealed odontogenic epithelium in the form of follicles, ameloblastoma with cystic degeneration, and squamous metaplasia at places and elsewhere there were odosntogenic islands compressed by dense fibrocellular stroma suggestive of desmoplasia along with osseous tissue formation. Also review of the literature and possible explanation of etiopathogenesis of cystic change and osseous tissue formation in DA are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary seminal vesicle tumors are extremely rare. Several rare pathological types of primary seminal vesicle tumors have been reported, such as adenocarcinoma, but there is no report on adenofibroma. We report the first case of adenofibroma arising from the seminal vesicle. A 50-year-old man, with no history or clinical evidence of any other tumors, accidentally found a pelvic mass during an ultrasound examination. As the mass grew, the patient developed mild constipation, without genitourinary or other symptoms. All laboratory examinations were normal. MRI of the pelvis revealed a mixed density, measuring 11.7×9.9×8.2cm, well circumscribed mass. The rectum, bladder, prostate and lymph nodes were normal. We successfully performed the open surgery and removed the mass. Histopathological results confirmed that the mass was a primary seminal vesicle adenofibroma. In literature, we found that for biphasic differentiated tumors, it is easy to reduce the accuracy of pathological diagnosis because of insufficient puncture. Therefore, preoperative puncture biopsy for seminal vesicle tumors should be investigated further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aims of this review were: (1) to obtain an overview of caregiver-reported information needs; and (2) to investigate if there are information needs that are unique for caregivers of persons with rare epilepsies.Method: We followed the scoping review framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley and the preferred reporting items outlined by PRISMA.Results: Among the 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria, 5 included caregivers of persons with rare epilepsies. Categories of information needs: (1) Medical information; (2) Information on how to cope with emotional distress; (3) Experiential information from peers; and (4) Interdisciplinary information exchange. The need for disorder-specific information seemed particularly important for caregivers of persons with rare epilepsies.Conclusion: There is a need for further studies, particularly on formal caregivers' information needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: In this paper, we report on three cases of hypoacusis as part of a complex phenotype and some rare gene variants. An extensive review of literature completes the newly reported clinical and genetic information. (2) Methods: The cases range from 2- to 11-year-old boys, all with a complex clinical picture and hearing impairment. In all cases, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed, in the first case in association with mitochondrial DNA study. (3) Results: The detected variants were: two heterozygous variants in the TWNK gene, one likely pathogenic and another of uncertain clinical significance (autosomal recessive mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome type 7—hepatocerebral type); heterozygous variants of uncertain significance PACS2 and SYT2 genes (autosomal dominant early infantile epileptic encephalopathy) and a homozygous variant of uncertain significance in SUCLG1 gene (mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 9). Some of these genes have never been previously reported as associated with hearing problems. (4) Conclusions: Our cases bring new insights into some rare genetic syndromes. Although the role of TWNK gene in hearing impairment is clear and accordingly reflected in published literature as well as in the present article, for the presented gene variants, a correlation to hearing problems could not yet be established and requires more scientific data. We consider that further studies are necessary for a better understanding of the role of these variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reverse polarity high-cell carcinoma of the breast, formerly known as reverse polarity solid papillary carcinoma, is a rare entity recently introduced into the latest edition of the WHO classification of breast tumors. Its phenotype is triple-negative, and its diagnosis difficult. Although few cases have been reported in the literature, knowledge of this breast tumor is essential to distinguish it from other triple-negative carcinomas, which have a poorer prognosis. We report a case of high-cell, inverted-polarity carcinoma of the breast in a 43-year-old female patient with no history of breast neoplasia and no palpable mass on clinical examination. The tumour was discovered following a screening echomammogram, which revealed a lesion classified ACR 4b. A microbiopsy of this lesion concluded that it was a papillary proliferation that should be removed. A lumpectomy was performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of high-cell, reverse-polarity carcinoma expressing calretinin and IDH1. Given the rarity of this entity, there is no standard treatment. In our case, a mastectomy without lymph node curage was performed. The extension work-up was negative and the patient received no adjuvant treatment. After 12 months, the patient is in complete remission. In this case report, we describe the histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of this rare entity., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Anomalies of the fourth branchial cleft are exceedingly uncommon, presenting with a diverse array of clinical manifestations. The majority of branchial cleft anomalies, approximately 95%, are of the second type, with a mere 2% attributed to the fourth type. The latter is notably more prevalent on the left side, with reports indicating an 85% incidence. Herein, we report the case of a neonate presenting with a right-sided fourth branchial cleft cyst, which manifested at birth and subsequently underwent progressive enlargement, resulting in airway and esophageal compromise. The management strategy involved surgical excision, and the definitive diagnosis was established through histopathological examination, underscoring the rarity and diagnostic challenge of this form of branchial cyst., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Qumsieh et al.)

An 11-year-old boy presented in distress with tachypnea, holosystolic murmur, and a gallop. Echocardiography revealed mitral valve thickening and severe regurgitation. He required valve replacement with pathology consistent with acute on chronic valvulitis. This case underscores the importance of considering rheumatic heart disease, despite no preceding suspicious history., Competing Interests: The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (© 2024 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.)

Mullerian adenosarcoma is rare, usually found in the uterine corpus and rarely in the cervix. Adenosarcoma that grows diffusely in the uterine cavity and the cervical canal is even rarer without symptoms. Herein, we report a rare case of multiple primary malignant neoplasms of Mullerian adenosarcoma accidentally detected and coexisting with cervical carcinoma in situ . Fortunately, the tumor was in the early stage and the Mullerian adenosarcoma was treated together with the cervical carcinoma in situ by hysterectomy + bilateral adnexectomy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry results confirmed this diagnosis, further confirmed by a pathology consultation at the University Hospital. The patient recovered well from the surgical treatment and was discharged with regular follow-up. The patient did not undergo pelvis-abdomen CT and diagnostic curettage preoperatively, and no malignancy was detected by cryo-pathology intraoperatively, which may be related to the rarity of the disease and the relative lack of awareness and experience of our clinicians and pathologists for this tumor. We hope that this rare case can provide some lessons for gynecologists and pathologists., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Qing, Xie, Guo, Zhang, Ye, Zhang and Ma.)

Occult hernias, which are not detectable through clinical examination but can be identified during surgery, are typically asymptomatic. Bilateral inguinal hernias occur frequently, and in some cases, unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernias are observed in conjunction with paraumbilical hernias. However, it is rare to repair more than three hernias, including rare types, in a single procedure. Here, we describe a case of a 59-year-old male patient who underwent laparoscopic mesh repair for a right inguinal hernia, a left Spigelian hernia, an umbilical hernia, and an obturator hernia that was hidden and identified during surgical exploration. The report highlights the feasibility of repairing multiple abdominal hernias in a single setting, demonstrating the benefits of reducing the need for multiple operations, lowering costs, and decreasing the duration of hospital stays., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Mane et al.)

Objective: Although breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women worldwide, it is a rare tumor in men, accounting for less than 1% of all male cancers. Therefore, the characteristics of the tumor, the management of the disease, and our overall survival data are quite limited., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 51 male patients diagnosed and treated for breast cancer, whose follow-up processes continue, at our hospital. We examined in detail the patients' age, comorbid diseases, history of concomitant malignancies, family history, stage of the disease, tumor size, lymph node status, estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) along with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2) status. Additionally, we analyzed the type of surgery, history of radiotherapy, and chemotherapy and hormonal treatments in the adjuvant and metastatic periods., Results: In our study, where we determined a median survival time of 122 months (29-214), we found that the stage at diagnosis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, and discontinuation of adjuvant endocrine therapy significantly affected survival. While the median survival was not reached in stage 1 patients at diagnosis, the median survival times for stage 2, 3, and 4 patients were 118, 83, and 39 months, respectively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (p=0.005). Similarly, the median survival was not reached for patients with an ECOG performance status of 0, but it was 84 months for those with a status of 1 and 98 months for those with a status of 2. The differences among these three groups were also statistically significant (p=0.001). The median survival was not reached for patients who completed adjuvant endocrine therapy, whereas it was 83 months for those who discontinued the therapy, with the difference being statistically significant (p=0.021). Besides these data, the presence of perineural invasion was found to be a factor close to statistical significance in terms of survival (p=0.066). Histological subgroups, grade, lymphovascular invasion, adjuvant chemotherapy, and Ki-67 were not significant parameters for survival., Conclusion: Despite the differences in the stage at diagnosis, response to treatments, lower awareness of the disease, older age at diagnosis, and consequently, the increase in accompanying comorbid diseases, male breast cancer is managed according to studies and guideline recommendations for female breast cancer due to the lack of sufficient randomized studies. By presenting our clinical experience, we have emphasized the necessity for further studies in this field., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) are extremely rare mesenchymal tumors of soft tissue and bone that cause tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). Some of these tumors are completely asymptomatic and may grow undetected unless they become large enough to cause pain or discomfort. This type of tumor is crucial to diagnose in patients being treated for phosphate metabolism disorders and are a rare reason why patients seek medical help owing to pain. Here, we report the details of a patient with progressive bone pain caused by a PMT originating in the left femur., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SPFT) is an extremely rare neoplasm of borderline (intermediate) category. To the best of our knowledge, less than 40 cases have been reported in the English literature. It is imperative to understand and emphasize its cytological features as fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is still considered a first line of investigation in such cases in many countries including India. We present a case of a young male aged 27 years who presented to the General Surgery OPD with a history of slow-growing mass over right thigh for 7 years. FNAC and subsequent histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of SPFT., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive bone disorder caused by mutations in the cathepsin K (CTSK) gene, characterized by increased bone density, short stature, and skeletal fragility. This study reports on two siblings from a consanguineous marriage, observed at the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Oujda, Morocco. Both patients presented with typical symptoms, including craniofacial dysmorphism and skeletal abnormalities. Radiographic findings confirmed increased bone density and acro-osteolysis. The cases highlight the importance of early and accurate diagnosis, comprehensive management to address the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, and genetic counseling to inform family planning and manage the risk of recurrence in familial pycnodysostosis., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Elouali et al.)

INTRODUCTION: Campylobacter(C) fetus meningoencephalitis is rare and occurs mainly in elderly and immunocompromised patients. We report an observation of C. fetus meningoencephalitis in a woman with a favorable evolution. CASE REPORT: A 54-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids. The patient presented at the emergency department of Sahloul University Hospital with a fever and headache for 24 hours. She had regular contact with sheep and cattle. She reported a penicillin allergy. On admission, she had a temperature of 39°C and she was confused. Brain CT scan was normal. Lumbar puncture showed a clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with 1300 leukocytes/mm3 (65% lymphocytes) and low glucose levels. CSF microscopic examination was negative. She was treated with vancomycin, cotrimoxazole, and gentamicin with an improvement of the neurological symptoms and apyrexia. The next day, she had a neurological deterioration. Brain angio-magnetic resonance imaging was normal. The culture of the CSF became positive for C. fetus. Our patient was treated with imipenem combined with ciprofloxacin and obtained clinical and biological improvements. CONCLUSIONS: C. fetus is a rare cause of bacterial meningoencephalitis. The underlying immunodepression should always be considered.

IntroductionSyphilitic balanitis of Follmann (SBF) is a rare condition of primary syphilis which is characterized by any kind of balanitis with or without chancre on the penis combined with the presence of swollen inguinal lymph nodes confirmed by the finding of Treponema pallidum in the lesions or by the positive serological syphilitic testing. Timely identification of the SBF is very important in properly treating the disease stopping the spread of syphilis.Case presentationA 42year-old heterosexual male patient came to our clinic and complained of a painless, hard erythema nodule with a whitish scale in his coronal sulcus of the penis for about a week. The dermatologic examination revealed an infiltrative, hard erythematous lesion surrounding the coronal sulcus of the patient’s penis, with mild erosion and a small amount of exudation. There was a whitish pseudomembrane-like covering on the surface of the erythematous lesion in the coronal sulcus, which is mimicked as candidal balanitis. The result of the fungus microscopic examination was negative, while the laboratory findings showed positive results in serologic syphilitic testing. The patient was diagnosed with primary syphilis and intramuscularly treated with a dose of benzylpenicillin of 2.4 million units. The patient’s skin lesions disappeared completely 60 days after penicillin treatment.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first SBF case reported in China. Syphilitic balanitis of Follmann may have variable clinical appearances. We emphasize that when balanitis with risky sexual activities or with sexually transmitted diseases, the diagnosis of SBF should be kept in mind.

Several solid lesions can be found within the pancreas mainly arising from the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tissue. Among all pancreatic malignancies, the most common subtype is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), to a point that pancreatic cancer and PDAC are used interchangeably. But, in addition to PDAC, and to the other most common and well-known solid lesions, either related to benign conditions, such as pancreatitis, or not so benign, such as pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs), there are solid pancreatic lesions considered rare due to their low incidence. These lesions may originate from a cell line with a differentiation other than exocrine/endocrine, such as from the nerve sheath as for pancreatic schwannoma or from mesenchymal cells as for solitary fibrous tumour. These rare solid pancreatic lesions may show a behaviour that ranges in a benign to highly aggressive malignant spectrum. This review includes cases of an intrapancreatic accessory spleen, pancreatic tuberculosis, solid serous cystadenoma, solid pseudopapillary tumour, pancreatic schwannoma, purely intraductal neuroendocrine tumour, pancreatic fibrous solitary tumour, acinar cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic-like giant cells, adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma of the pancreas, primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas, primary and secondary pancreatic lymphoma and metastases within the pancreas. Therefore, it is important to determine the correct diagnosis to ensure optimal patient management. Because of their rarity, their existence is less well known and, when depicted, in most cases incidentally, the correct diagnosis remains challenging. However, there are some typical imaging features present on cross-sectional imaging modalities that, taken into account with the clinical and biological context, contribute substantially to achieve the correct diagnosis.

This article describes a 50-year-old woman with a giant cell tumour involving the base of the proximal phalanx, which was resected and reconstructed with a non-vascularised toe phalanx graft. The toe phalanx graft united well, and there was no tumour recurrence at the 24-month follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kemang (Mangifera kemanga Blume.) is a local fruit and has become the identity flora of Bogor Regency based on Decree of the Regent's Number 522/185/Kpts/1996. Currently, the existence of kemang is rare, and it is worried about becoming extinct. This study aimed to identify the ethnobotany of kemang in the community of Bogor Regency and to develop a conservation strategy for kemang as the identity flora of Bogor Regency. The research was carried out from April-July 2021 in Kemang District, Sukaraja District, and Leuwiliang District. Based on criteria, the research was conducted through deeply personal interviews with the local community. The characteristic of the respondent was individual who has kemang and gardeners whose gardens contain kemang. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, kemang was identified by looking at leaf color, leaf shape, stem, flower, and fruit compared to mango (Mangifera indica). Kemang mainly was found growing in gardens (74%). Kemang propagation was done by seed. The most used parts were fruit (43%) and shoots (39%). Both parts were consumed directly in a fresh form. Besides having a role as a food ingredient, kemang has potential as an antioxidant, anticancer, and antidegenerative. The reason people still maintain kemang because the existence of kemang is getting rare, and the selling price of kemang fruit is relatively high compared to other types of mango. In addition, kemang can also prevent soil erosion. The conservation strategies of kemang are optimizing the socialization and publication of kemang benefit, developing kemang cultivation, and developing kemang as a local fruit commodity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare uterine neoplasm infrequently arising in extra-genital sites. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of primary extra-genital ESS of transverse mesocolon occurring in a 51-year-old female presenting with gradually increasing abdominal mass. The clinical diagnosis considered was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Intra-operatively, the mass was confined exclusively to the transverse mesocolon. Microscopy revealed a cellular tumor composed of oval to elongate neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli and were immunoreactive for CD10, progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and PAX8; negative for KIT, CD34, SMA, S100, synaptophysin, chromogranin, WT1, and calretinin. A distinct arborizing network of arterioles along with foci of endometriosis was also seen. We present this case for its extreme rarity and the challenges entailed in its diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In species-rich regions and highly speciose genera, the need for species identification and taxonomic recognition has led to the development of emergent technologies. Here, we combine long-term plot data with untargated metabolomics, and morphological and phylogenetic data to describe a new rare species in the hyperdiverse genus of trees Inga Mill. Our combined data show that Inga coleyana is a new lineage splitting from their closest relatives I. coruscans and I. cylindrica. Moreover, analyses of the chemical defensive profile demonstrate that I. coleyana has a very distinctive chemistry from their closest relatives, with I. coleyana having a chemistry based on saponins and I. cylindrica and I. coruscans producing a series of dihydroflavonols in addition to saponins. Finally, data from our network of plots suggest that I. coleyana is a rare and probably endemic taxon in the hyper-diverse genus Inga. Thus, the synergy produced by different approaches, such as long-term plot data and metabolomics, could accelerate taxonomic recognition in challenging tropical biomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteomyelitis of the jaw is an uncommon condition in healthy individuals and is usually associated with immunocompromised patients. We report a rare case of a healthy patient of no significant medical background who developed osteomyelitis of the lingula following routine dental extractions. The management of the case has been described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To develop, optimize, and implement a single shot spiral turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence at 3T and to demonstrate its feasibility to acquire artifact free images of the central nervous system with 1 mm spatial resolution in <200 ms. Theory and Methods: Spiral TSE sequences with annulated spiral segmentation have been implemented with different acquisition modes. In fixed mode, the duration of each spiral segment is fixed to fill the available acquisition time tacq. In tangential mode, the beginning of each spiral segment is reached via a straight tangential trajectory. Tangential mode allows faster transition and thus longer tacq for a given echo spacing (ESP), but less data points can be acquired per acquisition interval. Alternating between spiral‐in and spiral‐out readout in alternating echoes leads to a somewhat different point spread function for off‐resonant spins. Results: Images of the brain with 1 mm spatial resolution acquired with a variable density spiral with ∼40% undersampling can be acquired in a single shot. All acquisition modes produce comparable image quality. Only mild artifacts in regions of strong susceptibility effects can be observed for ESP of 10 ms and below. The use of variable flip angle schemes allows seamless acquisition of consecutive slices and/or dynamic scans without waiting time between consecutive acquisitions. Comparison with images acquired at 1.5T shows reduced susceptibility artifacts within the brain and facial structures. Conclusion: Single shot spiral TSE has been demonstrated to enable highly efficient acquisition of high‐resolution images of the brain in <200 ms per slice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]