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A kombucha é uma bebida rica em compostos com propriedades antioxidantes, proveniente da fermentação do chá da Camellia sinensis adicionado de açúcar, por uma cultura simbiótica de bactérias e leveduras (SCOBY). Esta bebida passou a ganhar popularidade, principalmente devido as alegações de uma bebida promotora da saúde, se espalhou por diversos países, e atualmente é consumida e comercializada a nível mundial. A kombucha apresenta uma grande variedade de compostos químicos, principalmente ácidos orgânicos e compostos fenólicos, que estão relacionados às propriedades biológicas apresentadas por esta bebida. Existe na literatura várias propriedades relacionadas ao potencial bioativo da bebida. Atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana, efeito antidiabético, anticarcinogênico, hepatoprotetor são alguns dos efeitos benéficos atribuídos a kombucha. Estudos avaliando o efeito da kombucha em doenças como o diabetes, têm sido desenvolvidos e apresentado resultados promissores. Esta revisão

A embalagem inteligente tem como princípio monitorar o alimento e emitir uma resposta visual ao consumidor. Uma das possibilidades é a incorporação junto as matrizes poliméricas de compostos colorimétricos sensíveis ao pH, como as antocianinas. Poucos são os trabalhos que realizaram a aplicação destes materiais in situ devido à dificuldade de compatibilizar o produto com a matriz poliméricas a sensibilidade do espectro de detecção das antocianinas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho de revisão foi apresentar as características químicas e colorimétricas das antocianinas e demonstrar as principais aplicações desses indicadores de pH em alimentos. As antocianinas modificam sua coloração de acordo com o pH porque possuem a estrutura eletricamente carregada do cátion flavílio. No entanto, esses compostos são extremamente sensíveis a fatores ambientais (luz, temperatura, entre outros), por isso surge a necessidade de encapsulá-las, melhorando sua estabilidade e viabilizando sua utilização. As aplicações de materiais indicadores de pH são mais comuns em alimentos de origem animal porque eles se deterioram rapidamente e formam compostos que modificam o pH do meio. É o que ocorre em pescado e produtos cárneos, com a formação de compostos nitrogenados oriundos da quebra de proteínas e lipídeos oxidados, e em leite e derivados, com o aumento da concentração de ácido lático pela ação de microrganismos deteriorantes. Por fim, concluímos que as antocianinas, mesmo encapsuladas em matrizes poliméricas, mantêm sua propriedade de sensibilidade ao pH sendo capazes de acompanhar o estágio de deterioração dos alimentos embalados, indicando o frescor dos mesmos, e os materiais indicadores possuem potencial para serem aplicados como embalagens inteligentes.

O café é um importante produto agrícola mundial, por ser uma das bebidas mais consumidas no mundo. O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador de café do mundo. Após a colheita do café, ocorre seu processamento, que gera uma grande quantidade de resíduos, ricos em compostos químicos com propriedades benéficas para a saúde humana. No entanto, estes mesmos resíduos quando descartados de forma inadequada representam uma importante fonte de contaminação ao meio ambiente. Uma forma de minimizar os impactos destes resíduos ao meio ambiente, é o seu aproveitamento em diversos setores da indústria, em especial o setor de cosméticos. Os diferentes tipos de resíduos gerados pelo processamento do café por serem ricos em compostos bioativos, com propriedades antioxidantes, podem ser utilizados para compor diversas formulações de produtos cosméticos. O aproveitamento destes resíduos constitui não só uma ação sustentável, mas também uma vantagem econômica. Esta revisão teve como objetivo caracterizar os principais resíduos provenientes do processamento do café, bem como a sua aplicação no setor de cosméticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:30:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-07-01 Anamnesis: A 5-year-old mixed breed entire bitch was presented with bloody vaginal discharge and abdominal distension. Clinical and laboratory findings: Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography suggested the presence of a left ovarian tumor. At histopathological examination it was diagnosed as granulosa cell tumor. Treatment approach: An exploratory laparotomy was performed followed by ovariohysterectomy to remove the intra-abdominal mass. Conclusion: The clinical, ultrasonographic and histologic signs in this case support other literature reports. Ultrasonography, in combination with histopathologic analysis is a fundamental tool for detection of ovarian tumors, especially tumors of the granulosa cells. Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) – Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural (CSTR) Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Patologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Obstetrícia e Reprodução Animal Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Patologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (UNESP/FCAV) Departamento de Obstetrícia e Reprodução Animal

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de obtener información geotécnica de parte de la zona sur-este de la ciudad de Machala, y en base a tal información definir la alternativa técnica adecuada de cimentación para una edificación de tres plantas del tipo residencial. Para el procedimiento de exploración del suelo se implementó la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción NEC respecto a “Geotecnia y cimentaciones”, en la cual define que para una edificación de tres plantas y según las cargas de servicio es necesario analizar el suelo a una profundidad de 6m (NEC – 2015). El estudio tuvo en general una cobertura 160 Ha de superficie, se realizó en cuatro sectores: Ciudadela “San Ramón”, terreno en Avenida Colón Tinoco y Alejandro Castro Benítez, Ciudadela “García Guillen” y Lotización “Francisco Abad Vallejo”, se realizó una perforación en cada sector mencionado, formando los cuatro puntos de exploración un polígono, esto pretendiendo estimar la secuencia de los estratos de los sectores y definir una carta estratigráfica georreferenciada que sirva para prever el tipo de suelo existente en determinado punto dentro del polígono analizado. La exploración se realizó con el equipo SPT, obteniendo muestras inalteradas durante la exploración y que fueron ensayadas en laboratorio. Los resultados del estudio de suelos presentaron que bajo estas zonas el terreno sería del tipo arcilloso, limoso, arenas finas, con rango de carga admisible entre 2 a 6 Ton/m2, nivel freático entre 1 a 2 m respecto al nivel del suelo natural. Por lo cual, fue necesario mejorar el suelo de soporte y para la cimentación se eligió definitivamente un sistema ortogonal de vigas de cimentación con zapatas de un metro.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of isoflavones from Glycine max (L.) Merr (soy) used topically as a vaginal gel on the induction of vascularization of the vaginal tissue in postm...

Background and aimIt is unclear which patients with Fabry disease (FD) are at risk for progression of white matter lesions (WMLs) and brain infarctions and whether enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) changes this risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ERT and clinical characteristics on progression of WMLs and infarctions on MRI in patients with FD.MethodsMRIs were assessed for WMLs (Fazekas scale), infarctions and basilar artery diameter (BAD). The effect of clinical characteristics (renal and cardiac involvement, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiac complications, BAD) and ERT on WML and infarction progression was evaluated using mixed models.ResultsOne hundred forty-nine patients were included (median age: 39 years, 38% men, 79% classical phenotype). Median follow-up time was 7 years (range: 0–13 years) with a median number of MRIs per patient of 5 (range: 1–14), resulting in a total of 852 scans. Variables independently associated with WML and infarction progression were age, male sex and a classical phenotype. Progression of WMLs and infarctions was not affected by adding ERT to the model, neither for the whole group, nor for early treated patients. Progression was highly variable among patients which could not be explained by other known variables such as hypertension, cholesterol, atrial fibrillation and changes in kidney function, left ventricular mass or BAD.ConclusionProgression of WMLs and cerebral infarctions in FD is mainly related to age, sex and phenotype. Additional effects of established cardiovascular risk factors, organ involvement and treatment with ERT are probably small to negligible.

We report a direct, straightforward, and regioselective hydration of 1,4-enynes designed from Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts. Under smooth conditions and short reaction times, gold-catalyzed hydration of internal alkynes provides synthetically useful ketones as single regioisomers in yields higher than 90%. The synthetic usefulness of this protocol was demonstrated by the conversion of selected ketones into biologically valuable α-alkylidene-γ-lactones upon reduction with sodium borohydride. In the course of the scope evaluation, we discovered that this methodology could also furnish α-arylidene-β,γ-butenolides.

Memory-based Collaborative Filtering (CF) has been a widely used approach for personalised recommendation with considerable success in many applications. An important issue regarding memory-based CF lies in similarity computation: the sparsity of the rating matrix leads to similarity computations based on few co-rated items between users, resulting in high sensitive predictions. Additionally, the ‘sparse’ similarity computation has high computational cost, due to the dimensionality of the item space. In this paper, we pursue both these issues. We propose a new model to compute similarity by representing users (or items) through their distances to preselected users, named landmarks. Such user modelling allows the introduction of more ratings into similarity computations through transitive relations created by the landmarks. Unlike conventional memory-based CF, the proposal builds a new user space defined by distances to landmarks, avoiding sensitivity in similarity computations. Findings from our experiments show that the proposed modelling achieves better accuracy than the ‘sparse’ similarity representation in all tested datasets, and has also yielded competitive accuracy results against the compared model-based CF algorithms . Furthermore, the proposed implementation has beaten all compared methods in terms of computational performance, becoming a promising alternative to memory-based CF algorithms for large datasets.

This paper investigates the fatigue performance of Nitinol thin-film devices used in medical applications. Freestanding films are fabricated and structured by microsystem technology processes (magnetron sputtering, UV lithography and wet chemical etching). A test rig is developed to address the requirements of Nitinol thin-film samples in terms of force, stroke and precision and also allows the multiplication of test rigs due to its inexpensive components. Hence, several samples can be tested simultaneously at different parameters in order to obtain a thorough characterization within reasonable test duration. Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to derive maximum principle strains of test specimen during cycling loading. Therefore, a superelastic, multiaxial material model with two different kinetic transformation mechanisms being capable of considering tension/compression asymmetry and temperature effects is realized and implemented using the FEA software Comsol Multiphysics. Good agreement between simulation and experimental tensile tests is shown. An excellent fatigue resistance with a high fatigue safety limit of 1.75% pulsatile strain amplitude for mean strains up to 2.5% with sputtered Nitinol diamond specimen is observed.

Background Despite the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in Fabry disease (FD), it is unclear which patient characteristics are important in relation to these symptoms. Additionally, the impact of coping styles in relation to depressive symptoms in FD has been unexplored. Determining the impact of different factors relating to depressive symptoms in FD can guide both prevention and treatment of these symptoms. Methods Depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD)) and coping styles (Utrecht Coping List) were assessed in a Dutch FD cohort. Other potentially important variables were identified from FD literature and assessed in this cohort. Relations were evaluated using multiple linear models. Results Potentially important variables in FD literature were: pain, unemployment, health perception, being single, comorbidities and stroke. Employed coping styles were “avoidance and brooding”, “positivity and problem solving” and “seeking social support”. Thirty-one of the 81 FD patients (38%) had depressive symptoms. CESD-scores were lower in patients with better health perception and more “positivity and problem solving” and higher in patients with more pain and “avoidance and brooding”. The best model explained 70% (95%CI: 54–76%) of observed variance of the CESD. Conclusions Depressive symptoms in FD are related to pain, negative health perception and use of specific coping styles. Psychological interventions could be employed to alter coping behavior and alleviate depressive symptoms.

Freezing is one the most efficient methods for conservation, especially, fruits and vegetables. Cashew is a fruit with high nutritional value and great economic importance in the Northeast region of Brazil, however, due to high moisture content, it is highly perishable. The numerical study of the freezing process is of great importance for the optimization of the process. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study the cooling and freezing processes of cashew apple using computational fluid dynamics technique. Experiments of cooling and freezing of the fruit, with the aid of a refrigerator,data acquisition system and thermocouples, and simulation using Ansys CFX® software for obtain the cooling and freezing kinetics of the product were realized. Results of the cooling and freezing kinetics of the cashew apple and temperature distribution inside the cashew apple are presented, compared and analyzed. The model was able to predict temperaturetransient behavior with good accuracy, except in the post-freezing period.

O presente artigo discute ações concretas para enfrentar estes tempos de pandemia preservando o vínculo entre escola e estudantes, em defesa de uma escola pública, gratuita e universal. Para tanto, apresenta possibilidades de organização do trabalho pedagógico no ensino de Biologia no ensino médio, considerando a responsabilidade da escola no processo de socialização do conhecimento mediado pela educação para a formação humana.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, os parâmetrosmorfométricos, o comportamento social, a viabilidade econômica e a análise microbiológica da água de cultivo e de tecidos corpóreos de Betta splendens alimentados com folha da amendoeira Terminalia catappa (FFDA) como aditivo. Foram utilizados 28 machos de Bettas, acondicionados individualmente em aquários de 1,5L, por 50 dias. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos: 0,00%; 0,25%; 0,50% e 0,75% de inclusão da FFAD e sete repetições. Ao término do experimento, foram avaliados os parâmetros: desempenho zootécnico (ganho de peso diário, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar aparente, taxa de eficiência proteica, taxa de crescimento específico e fator de condição), morfométrico (comprimento total, padrão e da cabeça, altura, índice de perfil e índice de cabeça), comportamento social, viabilidade econômica da ração, análise microbiana do conteúdo intestinal, filé e escama e análise microbiológica da água. Pela ANOVA, pelo teste de Tukey e pela regressão (P>0,05), os parâmetros: peso final, ganho de peso, comprimento padrão, comprimento total e taxa de crescimento específico foram influenciados pelos tratamentos (P

In pursuit of greater practicality in the food preparation, in recent years there has been a considerable growth of researches in the field of cooling and freezing of food. Therefore, the trade in frozen food has been very promising, allowing a great variety of products to the consumers due to the convenience of transportation, storage and use. Cooling and freezing of products are preservation methods used in the food industry to maintain the sensorial attributes and nutritional properties of these products. In this sense, in order to optimize the process and reduce energy costs, this work presents a transient three-dimensional mathematical modeling to describe the heat transfer inside liquid materials with parallelepiped shape including phase change (liquid-solid) term. The governing equation was solved numerically using the finite volume technique with a fully implicit formulation. As an application, the methodology was used to predict heat transfer during cooling, freezing and post-freezing of the Tahiti lemon pulp. Numerical results of the temperature distribution at different process instants are presented and analyzed, and temperature data at the center of the product throughout time were compared to experimental data reported in the literature and a good agreement was obtained.

The supply of organic matter in soil of arid and semiarid in Brazilian regions is very import, as it allows to increase crop yields. However, there are few studies on alternative sources of fertilizer for vegetables. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different doses of bovine manure and rock powder (RP) on growth characteristics, concentration of chlorophyll, and physiological indices and production of (B. oleracea L. var. acephala). The treatments were arranged in five randomized blocks in a factorial 4 x 4 reference doses of bovine manure (60, 120, 180 and 240 g pit-1) combined with doses of rock powder (6, 12, 18 and 24 g pit-1). Doses of bovine manure and rock powder of 180 and 18 g, respectively, increased the growth of B. oleracea by plant height, stem diameter, leaf number. The combination doses of bovine manure 120 g + 12 g rock powder and 120 g of bovine manure + 18 g rock powder, provided, in this order, larger leaf area results for the productivity of B. oleracea. The bovine manure promotes greater concentration of CO2, net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of B. oleracea plant, while rock powder limits these characteristics. Intermediate doses of bovine manure and RP promote higher growth and yield of B. oleracea. Resumen El suministro de materia orgánica en suelos áridos y semiáridos en las regiones brasileñas permite aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre estas fuentes alternativas de fertilizantes para vegetales. Por tanto, el objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes dosis de estiércol bovino y polvo de roca en el crecimiento, la concentración de clorofila, los índices fisiológicos y la producción de B. oleracea L. var. acephala. Los tratamientos fueron dispuestos en cinco bloques aleatorizados en dosis de referencia factoriales de 4 x 4 de estiércol bovino (60, 120, 180 y 240 g por pozo) combinados con dosis de polvo de roca (6, 12, 18 y 24 g por pozo). Las dosis de estiércol bovino y polvo de roca de 180 y 18 g, respectivamente, aumentaron el crecimiento de la B. oleracea, la altura de planta, el diámetro del tallo y el número de hojas. Las dosis combinadas de estiércol bovino 120 g + 12 g de polvo de roca y 120 g de estiércol bovino + 18 g de polvo de roca, proporcionan, en este orden, mayores resultados de área foliar para la productividad de la B. oleracea. El estiércol bovino promueve una mayor concentración de CO2, la fotosíntesis neta y la conductancia estomática de la planta de B. oleracea, mientras que el polvo de roca limita estas características. Las dosis intermedias de estiércol bovino y polvo de roca promueven un mayor crecimiento y rendimiento de la B. oleracea.

Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus leads to several comorbidities, including susceptibility to infections. Hyperglycemia increases phagocyte responsiveness, however immune cells from people with diabetes show inadequate antimicrobial functions. We and others have shown that aberrant production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is detrimental to host defense in models of bacterial infection. Here, we will unveil the consequences of high glucose in the outcome of Leishmania braziliensis skin infection in people with diabetes and determine the role of LTB4 in human phagocytes. We show that diabetes leads to higher systemic levels of LTB4, IL-6 and TNF-α in cutaneous leishmaniasis. Only LTB4 correlated with blood glucose levels and healing time in diabetes comorbidity. Skin lesions of people with leishmaniasis and diabetes exhibit increased neutrophil and amastigote numbers. Monocyte-derived macrophages from these individuals showed higher L. braziliensis loads, reduced production of Reactive Oxygen Species and unbalanced LTB4/PGE2 ratio. Our data reveal a systemic inflammation driven by diabetes comorbidity in opposition to a local reduced capacity to resolve L. braziliensis infection and a worse disease outcome.

Food drying is one of the most used methods of preservation. To accurately describe moisture migration within biological products (grains, fruits, vegetables, etc.) during drying and explain the effects of this process on the quality of the material, have been proposed several mathematical models, but few incorporate the phenomena of simultaneous heat and mass transport applied to complex geometry. In this sense, this paper aims to present a mathematical model, based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes to describe the heat and mass transfer (liquid and vapor) during the drying of bodies with oblate spheroidal geometry. This model was applied to describe drying of lentil, considering the variables transport coefficients and equilibrium conditions at the surface of the solid. Results of the average moisture content, average temperature, liquid flux, vapor flux, and moisture content and temperature distributions inside a lentil kernel during drying process, at different temperatures (40 and 60 oC) were presented and analyzed.

Funding Information: This work was supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) through the grant SFRH/BD/140191/2018 , the work contract CEECIND/04794/2007 , the project PTDC/EME-EME/1442/2020 (Add2MechBio) and the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-029968 . This work has been also funded by ICVS Scientific Microscopy Platform, member of the national infrastructure PPBI - Portuguese Platform of Bioimaging ( PPBI–POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122 ). Additionally, it was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020 , UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020 , financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC). Finally, this work was supported by FCT national funds, under the national support to R&D units grant, through the reference projects UIDB/04436/2020 , UIDP/04436/2020 , UIDB/50026/2020 and UIDP/50026/2020 . Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Ltd In this study, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) was used to produce mono-material Ti64Al4V- and NiTi-cubic cellular structures with an open-cell size and wall thickness of 500 μm and 100 μm, respectively. Bioactive beta-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) and polymer poly-ether-ether ketone (PEEK) were used to fill the produced structures open-cells, thus creating multi-material components. These structures were characterized in vitro in terms of cell viability, adhesion, differentiation and mineralization. Also, bio-tribological experiments were performed against bovine plate to mimic the moment of implant insertion. Results revealed that metabolic activity and mineralization were improved on SLM mono-material groups, when compared to the control group. All cell metrics were improved with the addition of PEEK, conversely to βTCP where no significant differences were found. These results suggest that the proposed solutions can be used to improve implants performance.

After the latest dengue and Zika outbreaks, the fight against mosquito vectors has become an emerging area of research. One tool for this combat is repellents; however, these products are composed of different toxic agents. Botanical compounds with repellent potential are an alternative; however these compounds are highly volatile. Thus, the present study aimed to synthesize zein-based polymeric nanoparticles as an efficient carrier system for the sustained release of the repellents icaridin and geraniol and evaluate the toxicity of these nanorepellents comparing two different cell models. In vitro tests were carried out due to current Brazilian legislation prohibiting animal testing for cosmetics (current classification of repellents). The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the nanoparticles were evaluated in 2D and co-culture cell models (A549/lung epithelium, HaCaT/keratinocytes, HT-29/intestinal epithelium, and THP-1/peripheral blood monocytes). Cell viability by mitochondrial activity, cell membrane integrity, damage to genetic material, and expression of genes involved in the allergic/inflammatory system were evaluated. The results of cytotoxicity evaluation showed cell viability above 70% in both cell models. No differences were observed in genotoxicity assessment between cells exposed to nanorepellents and controls. In contrast, gene expression analysis showed increased cytokine expression for the emulsion compounds in 2D cell cultures compared to co-cultures. These findings open perspectives that zein-based nanorepellents have potential applications due to the reduced toxicity observed when the compounds are encapsulated and emerge as an alternative for arbovirus control. In addition, the study demonstrated that depending on the analysis, different results might be observed when comparing 2D and co-culture cell models to evaluate the toxicity of new nanosystems.

This study reports curcumin as an efficient photolarvicide against Aedes aegypti larvae under natural light illumination. Larval mortality and pupal formation were monitored daily for 21 days under simulated field conditions. In a sucrose-containing formulation, a lethal time 50 (LT50) of 3 days was found using curcumin at 4.6 mg L−1. This formulation promoted no larval toxicity in the absence of illumination, and sucrose alone did not induce larval phototoxicity. The photodegradation byproducts (intermediates) of curcumin were determined and the photodegradation mechanisms proposed. Intermediates with m/z 194, 278, and 370 were found and characterized using LC-MS. The ecotoxicity of the byproducts on non-target organisms (Daphnia, fish, and green algae) indicates that the intermediates do not exhibit any destructive potential for aquatic organisms. The results of photodegradation and ecotoxicity suggest that curcumin is environmentally safe for non-target organisms and, therefore, can be considered for population control of Ae. aegypti.

We report on a 15-year-long outbreak of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in wildlife from a Brazilian safari park. A timeline of diagnostic events and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 21 Mycobacterium bovis isolates from deer and llamas were analyzed. Accordingly, from 2003 to 2018, at least 16 animals, from eight species, died due to TB, which is likely an underestimated number. In three occasions since 2013, the deer presented positive tuberculin tests, leading to the park closure and culling of all deer. WGS indicated that multiple M. bovis strains were circulating, with at least three founding introductions since the park inauguration in 1977. Using a previously sequenced dataset of 71 M. bovis genomes from cattle, we found no recent transmission events between nearby farms and the park based on WGS. Lastly, by discussing socio-economic and environmental factors escaping current regulatory gaps that were determinant of this outbreak, we pledge for the development of a plan to report and control bTB in wildlife in Brazil.

RESUMOEste capitulo propõe ao leitor se apropriar de mais uma opção de conteúdo científico para fins acadêmicos e práticos, proporcionar a Médicos, Nutricionistas, Fisioterapeutas, Professores de Educação Física e demais profissionais da área da saúde a compreenderem melhor a relevância do tema abordado e a importância de realizar um trabalho voltado não apenas para a prevenção de câncer de próstata, mais também para pacientes praticantes de exercício físico durante o tratamento de câncer de próstata, ou ainda no período de vida após esse tipo de câncer, dando ainda evidência para os benefícios da dieta mediterrânea para essa população, a base metodológica ocorreu através de pesquisa bibliográfica realizada em bancos e bases de dados como o Google Acadêmico e Pub Med durante o ano de 2021. Portanto os achados na literatura envolvendo essa temática apontam para corroborar de maneira benéfica para a população pesquisada. O que, dessa forma, mesmo com poucos estudos disponíveis na literatura até o momento é possível concluir acreditando que, a prática de exercício físico associada com a dieta mediterrânea pode ser entendida como um aspecto eficaz na prevenção de câncer de próstata e também como mais um recurso coadjuvante a ser colocando à disposição de pacientes durante o tratamento assim como na fase pós tratamento do câncer de próstata praticantes de exercício físico.

The control of pests and vector-borne diseases (VDBs) are considered public health issues Worldwide. Among the control techniques and pesticides used so far, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been shown as an eco-friendly, low cost, and efficient approach to eliminate pests and VDBs. PDI is characterized using a photosensitizing molecule, light and molecular oxygen (O2) resulting in production of reactive oxidative species which can promote the oxidation of biomolecules on pests and vectors. Herein, we review the past 51 years (1970–2021) regarding the use of photo pesticides, reporting the most important parameters for the protocol applied, the results obtained, and limitations. Moreover, we described the mechanism of action of the PDI, main classes of photopesticides used so far as well as the cell death mechanism resulting from the photodynamic action.

The Senna genus has a wide diversity of species, with an interesting chemical composition of secondary metabolites and applications as medicine. The folk medicine, mainly in developing countries, uses species of Senna to treat seizures, epilepsy and constipation. Though the recognized bioactivity, some Brazilian native species of Senna remain unexplored, such as Senna cearensis, a native species of Caatinga. This is the first report about the bioactivity of the flowers of S. cearensis Afr. Fern., a native species of northeast Brazil. In this communication, flavonoids and catechins are identified in S. cearensis flowers and the chemical composition is linked with its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and cytotoxic activities. By UPLC-QTOF, some compounds that belong to the class of flavonoids were identified. They are: catechin, epigallocatechin, guibourtinidol-(4α-8)-catechin, and cassiaflavan-(Cat)-epicatechin. The cytotoxic activity is more noticeable for the HL60 (leukemia) cell line with a cell growth inhibition (GI%) of 81.65 ± 5.65.

Contains fulltext : 252015.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Robinow syndrome is characterized by a triad of craniofacial dysmorphisms, disproportionate-limb short stature, and genital hypoplasia. A significant degree of phenotypic variability seems to correlate with different genes/loci. Disturbances of the noncanonical WNT-pathway have been identified as the main cause of the syndrome. Biallelic variants in ROR2 cause an autosomal recessive form of the syndrome with distinctive skeletal findings. Twenty-two patients with a clinical diagnosis of autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome were screened for variants in ROR2 using multiple molecular approaches. We identified 25 putatively pathogenic ROR2 variants, 16 novel, including single nucleotide variants and exonic deletions. Detailed phenotypic analyses revealed that all subjects presented with a prominent forehead, hypertelorism, short nose, abnormality of the nasal tip, brachydactyly, mesomelic limb shortening, short stature, and genital hypoplasia in male patients. A total of 19 clinical features were present in more than 75% of the subjects, thus pointing to an overall uniformity of the phenotype. Disease-causing variants in ROR2, contribute to a clinically recognizable autosomal recessive trait phenotype with multiple skeletal defects. A comprehensive quantitative clinical evaluation of this cohort delineated the phenotypic spectrum of ROR2-related Robinow syndrome. The identification of exonic deletion variant alleles further supports the contention of a loss-of-function mechanism in the etiology of the syndrome.

Waste of Salicornia ramosissima a halophyte plant used in gourmet cuisine, can be valorized after being dried and milled, becoming a vegetable salt, a healthier replacer of kitchen salt due to its lower sodium content (around 10-fold less) but still maintaining an intense salty taste. To study the shelf life of this vegetable salt from S. ramosissima, packed in a cylindrical aluminum box, an accelerated shelf-life testing (ASLT) was first carried out at 35, 40, 45, and 50 degrees C by monitoring color, moisture, and water activity (a(w)) throughout the storage period. Moisture and a(w) decreased at increasing temperature, but the color was not affected. The moisture sorption isotherms (MSIs) were next produced at 15, 25, 35, and 45 degrees C and relative humidity (RH: 6.5%-80%) using the static gravimetric method. Several mathematical models were tested to fit the MSI experimental data and finally the Oswin model was used to predict the moisture content. With this model, the isosteric heat was determined. A mass-balance model was used to predict shelf life and the equilibrium moisture content (M-e) during storage based on predetermined MSI and water vapor rate transmission (WVTR) data. The predicted shelf life of the package with and without adhesive tape around the lid was 35 and 80 days (25 degrees C, 75% RH) and 19 and 63 days (35 degrees C, 90% RH), respectively. Practical Applications By understanding the moisture sorption phenomenon in hygroscopic powders, this study can provide valuable data to the food industry dealing with such products. Being a microbiologically safe product due to its low a(w) and having color stabilized through previous drying, its mode of failure during storage proved to be the loss of its free-flowing capacity. A methodology to evaluate the shelf life of this hygroscopic product packed in a cylindrical aluminum box is described. There is a need to draw attention to the fact that, despite aluminum with a thickness of .23 mm is a very effective barrier to water vapor penetration, such package has an extremely small gap between the lid and body, which is hard to measure, yet allows water vapor to flow through the package at a rate that results in its shelf life being less than 3 months. Ways to overcome this issue are suggested. ALG-01-0247-FEDER-017676 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

We introduce the conceptual formulation, design, fabrication, control and commercial translation with IoT connection of a hybrid-face social robot and validation of human emotional response to its affective interactions. The hybrid-face robot integrates a 3D printed faceplate and a digital display to simplify conveyance of complex facial movements while providing the impression of three-dimensional depth for natural interaction. We map the space of potential emotions of the robot to specific facial feature parameters and characterise the recognisability of the humanoid hybrid-face robot's archetypal facial expressions. We introduce pupil dilation as an additional degree of freedom for conveyance of emotive states. Human interaction experiments demonstrate the ability to effectively convey emotion from the hybrid-robot face to human observers by mapping their neurophysiological electroencephalography (EEG) response to perceived emotional information and through interviews. Results show main hybrid-face robotic expressions can be discriminated with recognition rates above 80% and invoke human emotive response similar to that of actual human faces as measured by the face-specific N170 event-related potentials in EEG. The hybrid-face robot concept has been modified, implemented, and released in the commercial IoT robotic platform Miko (My Companion), an affective robot with facial and conversational features currently in use for human-robot interaction in children by Emotix Inc. We demonstrate that human EEG responses to Miko emotions are comparative to neurophysiological responses for actual human facial recognition. Finally, interviews show above 90% expression recognition rates in our commercial robot. We conclude that simplified hybrid-face abstraction conveys emotions effectively and enhances human-robot interaction., This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible

The objectives of this study were: 1) to compare the effects of live yeast (LY), yeast fermentation product (YFP), a mix of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (MLP), and Lactobacillus plantarum included as additives in dairy cows’ diets on in vitro ruminal fermentation and gas production (GP); and 2) to evaluate the effects of L. plantarum as direct-fed microbials (DFM) in dairy cows’ diets on in vitro ruminal fermentation, GP, nutrient digestibility, and N metabolism. Three experiments were carried out: Exp. 1 had the objective to compare all additives regarding ruminal fermentation parameters: an Ankom GP system was used in a completely randomized design, consisting of four 48 h incubations, and eight replications per treatment. There were eight treatments: a basal diet without additive (CTRL) or with one of the following additives: LY, YFP, MLP, or L. plantarum at four levels (% of diet Dry Matter (DM)): 0.05% (L1), 0.10% (L2), 0.15% (L3), and 0.20% (L4). In Exp. 2, a batch culture was used to evaluate ruminal fermentation, and CO2 and CH4 production using the same treatments and a similar experimental design, except for having 16 replications per treatment. Based on Exp. 1 and 2 results, Exp. 3 aimed at evaluating the effects of the L. plantarum on ruminal true nutrient digestibility and N utilization in order to evaluate the use of L. plantarum as DFM. The treatments CTRL, MLP, L1, and L2 were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design using a dual-flow continuous culture system. Data were analyzed using linear and nonlinear regression; treatment means were compared through contrasts, and L treatments in Exp. 1 and 2 were tested for linear, quadratic, and cubic effects. In Exp. 1, all treatments containing additives tended to reduce OM digestibility as well as reduced total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration and total GP. The YFP had greater OM digestibility than LY, and MLP treatment had greater total VFA concentration compared to L. plantarum treatments. In Exp. 2, additives reduced CO2 production, and there were no major differences in CH4. In Exp. 3, all additives reduced NH3-N concentration. In conclusion, pH and lactate concentration were not affected in all three experiments regardless of additive tested, suggesting that these additives may not improve ruminal fermentation by pH modulation; and L. plantarum may improve ruminal N metabolism when used as DFM in high-producing dairy cows’ diets, mainly by reducing NH3-N concentration.

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the most used methods for assessing genitourinary syndrome of menopause by the latest studies on the subject, and to critically assess their differences and comparability. Methods A narrative review of the literature was conducted, employing the terms genitourinary syndrome, vaginal atrophy, urogenital atrophy, and atrophic vaginitis, to analyze methods used to assess treatment efficacy. Only controlled randomized clinical trials assessing improvement of genitourinary syndrome of menopause, conducted in the last 5 years, and considering all types of treatment, were selected. Results Of the 37 studies included, 24 combined both objective and subjective methods thereby ensuring reproducibility and efficacy of symptom relief of the treatment analyzed. The vaginal maturation index was the most used objective method, followed by vaginal pH. One study used histological and immunohistochemistry tests. Regarding subjective methods, the "Most bothering Symptom" and other questionnaires as the Female Sexual Function Index for sex life, the Verbal Rating Scale, among others, were used. Conclusions Despite the heterogeneity observed, particularly for subjective assessment of symptoms, there was a tendency to standardize methods and to use an objective method together with a subjective, which seems to be fundamental to guarantee reproducibility and comparability of results of each treatment analyzed. Histological and immunohistochemistry tests may be an option as an objective method in further studies, to better assess thickness, vascularization, among other parameters.

We report the occurrence of the lizard Gymnophthalmus underwoodi in the municipality of Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. This is the first record of that species south of the Amazonas River, probably because of an accidental introduction by ships that dock in Belém, the same pathway suggested for the recent introduction of another species of exotic lizard recently recorded in the city. We also determined the identity of some specimens of Gymnophthalmus from the states of Amapá and Pará through external morphology and molecular data, confirming that, until now, G. vanzoi is the only Gymnophthalmus occurring in the savanna enclaves of those states. Finally, we provide a new distribution map for the species of Gymnophthalmus, including the new occurrence record for G. underwoodi for the state of Pará, where it can be considered as an invasive species. RESUMO Nós relatamos a ocorrência do lagarto Gymnophthalmus underwoodi no município de Belém, estado do Pará, Brasil. Este é o primeiro registro ao sul do Rio Amazonas, provavelmente como resultado de uma introdução acidental por navios que atracam em Belém, o mesmo caminho sugerido para a introdução de outra espécie exótica de lagarto recentemente encontrada na cidade. Nós também determinamos a identidade de alguns espécimes de Gymnophthalmus dos estados do Amapá e Pará, através de dados morfológicos externos e moleculares, confirmando que, até o momento, G. vanzoi é o único Gymnophthalmus ocorrendo nos enclaves de savana desses estados. Por fim, nós fornecemos um novo mapa de distribuição para as espécies de Gymnophthalmus, incluindo o novo registro de ocorrência de G. underwoodi para o estado do Pará, onde ela pode ser considerada como uma espécie invasiva.