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151. Analysis of the preferences of the esthetic traits and their morphotypes candidates to selection criteria in Tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) in the actors of the productive chain

Author: José Luis Pablos-Hash, Gabriel R. Campos-Montes, Eugenia Guadalupe Cienfuegos Rivas, Héctor Castillo-Juárez, Psique Victoria Rivero-Martínez, and David Alberto Martínez-Espinosa
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, education.field_of_study, Puntius, biology, Tiger, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Fish fin, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Dorsal fin, Barb, Beauty, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, education, Agronomy and Crop Science, Production chain, Demography, media_common
Abstract: In ornamental aquaculture, the traits related with beauty are an important factor in the economy and their inclusion in the genetic improvement program is essential. However, in some species, it is difficult to define which traits are important in this sense. The objective of this study was to know the producers’, traders’, and aquarists’ interests of morphometric characteristics associated with the esthetic of Puntius tetrazona for a genetic improvement program. The information was generated from surveys considering aquarists, traders, and producers. The design of the questionnaires consisted of sets of questions according to the type of information that we wanted to obtain: demographic, specific to each actor, and esthetic preferences; the last was a common section for the three actors. The last one is supported by five sets of morphotypes based on the morphometric characteristics with a major contribution to variability in Puntius tetrazona. For the analysis of the preferences of each population for every group of morphotypes, an accumulated ordinal model was utilized. The perception of beauty is not affected by demographic traits. And the morphotypes with a higher preference for inclusion in a selection program to esthetic traits in P. tetrazona would be a short caudal peduncle, medium-length caudal fin, anal fin that is short proximal long and long distal long, wide body marks, and dorsal fin that is 25% gray. For the implementation of genetic improvement programs, it will be important to take into account the differences in interests at two points within the production chain, the needs of the producer and those of the aquarists.
Published: 2020
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152. Afferent innervation of the ischemic kidney contributes to renal dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats

Author: Ruy R. Campos, Amanda C Veiga, Giovanna R. Ferreira, Maycon I.O. Milanez, Fernando Neves Nogueira, Polliane M. Carvalho, Guiomar Nascimento Gomes, Erika E. Nishi, Adriana C. C. Girardi, Beatriz S. Martins, Cássia T. Bergamaschi, and Nathalia R. Lopes
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Sympathetic nervous system, Sympathetic Nervous System, Physiology, Clinical Biochemistry, Hemodynamics, Renal function, Blood Pressure, Kidney, urologic and male genital diseases, Renovascular hypertension, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ischemia, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Denervation, Afferent Pathways, business.industry, Neurogenic hypertension, Baroreflex, medicine.disease, Rats, Hypertension, Renovascular, 030104 developmental biology, Blood pressure, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cardiology, Kidney Diseases, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus
Abstract: The ablation of renal nerves, by destroying both the sympathetic and afferent fibers, has been shown to be effective in lowering blood pressure in resistant hypertensive patients. However, experimental studies have reported that the removal of sympathetic fibers may lead to side effects, such as the impairment of compensatory cardiorenal responses during a hemodynamic challenge. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the selective removal of renal afferent fibers on arterial hypertension, renal sympathetic nerve activity, and renal changes in a model of renovascular hypertension. After 4 weeks of clipping the left renal artery, afferent renal denervation (ARD) was performed by exposing the left renal nerve to a 33 mM capsaicin solution for 15 min. After 2 weeks of ARD, we found reduced MAP (~ 18%) and sympathoexcitation to both the ischemic and contralateral kidneys in the hypertensive group. Moreover, a reduction in reactive oxygen species was observed in the ischemic (76%) and contralateral (27%) kidneys in the 2K1C group. In addition, ARD normalized renal function markers and proteinuria and podocin in the contralateral kidney. Taken altogether, we show that the selective removal of afferent fibers is an effective method to reduce MAP and improve renal changes without compromising the function of renal sympathetic fibers in the 2K1C model. Renal afferent nerves may be a new target in neurogenic hypertension and renal dysfunction.
Published: 2020
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153. An anisotropic approach to mid summable sequences

Author: Joedson Santos and Jamilson R. Campos
Subjects: Pure mathematics, General Mathematics, Anisotropy, Mathematics
Published: 2020
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154. Design and testing of a sweat meter for the cutaneous evaporation determination in cattle

Author: H. Flórez Díaz, Z. A. Correa García, and R. Campos Gaona
Subjects: Fight-or-flight response, Stress (mechanics), SWEAT, Atmospheric Science, Animal science, Ecology, Blood chemistry, Evaporation, Environmental science, Metre, Animal Science and Zoology, Relative humidity, Dairy cattle
Published: 2020
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155. Correction to 'Approach to Study pH-Dependent Protein Association Using Constant-pH Molecular Dynamics: Application to the Dimerization of β-Lactoglobulin'

Author: Lucie da Rocha, António M. Baptista, and Sara R. R. Campos
Subjects: Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Computer Science Applications
Published: 2022
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156. Design of an in vitro biocatalytic cascade for the manufacture of islatravir

Author: Edward C. Sherer, Junyong Jo, Holst M. Halsey, Jack Liang, Niki R. Patel, Agustina Rodriguez-Granillo, Christopher C. Nawrat, Aaron M. Whittaker, Canada Keith A, Margie Borra-Garske, Nicholas M. Marshall, Kevin R. Campos, Anna Fryszkowska, Yingju Xu, Paul N. Devine, Shane T. Grosser, Grant S. Murphy, Jovana Nazor, Matthew D. Truppo, Benjamin F. Mann, Jeffrey C. Moore, Sandra A. Robaire, Gregory Hughes, Scott J. Novick, Da Duan, Jacob Forstater, Joshua N. Kolev, Deeptak Verma, Kevin M. Maloney, Oscar Alvizo, Mark A. Huffman, Li Xiao, Mark McLaughlin, Leo A. Joyce, and Hao Yang
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Deoxyadenosines, Chemistry, Stereoisomerism, Directed evolution, Chemical synthesis, Combinatorial chemistry, In vitro, Enzyme catalysis, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Cascade, Biocatalysis, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Hiv treatment, Biotechnology
Abstract: Maximal efficiency from enzyme cascades Enzymes are highly selective catalysts that can be useful for specific transformations in organic synthesis. Huffman et al. combined designer enzymes in a multistep cascade reaction (see the Perspective by O'Reilly and Ryan). The approach eliminates purification steps, recycles expensive cofactors, and couples favorable and unfavorable reactions. With the target molecule islatravir, an experimental HIV drug, they optimized five enzymes by directed evolution to be compatible with unnatural substrates and stable in the reaction conditions. Stereochemical purity was amplified at every enzymatic step, and the final synthesis was both atom economical and efficient. Science , this issue p. 1255 ; see also p. 1199
Published: 2019
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157. Effects of exercise training on smoking-induced cardiopulmonary diseases. A review of the physiological mechanisms

Author: Ruy R. Campos, Ivan Rodriguez Núñez, Ximena Navarro, Carlos Manterola, Marcelo González, and Fernando Romero
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, business.industry, Physiology (medical), medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Cardiopulmonary disease
Abstract: espanolObjetivo: El tabaquismo desencadena diversos mecanismos biologicos que producen El desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y pulmonares. Algunos estudios preclinicos han demostrado que el entrenamiento fisico puede ser eficaz en la reduccion del estres oxidativo y de la respuesta inflamatoria inducida por el tabaquismo. Por tanto, nuestro objetivo ha sido analizar el efecto del entrenamiento fisico en los sistemas pulmonar y cardiovascular en modelos experimentales de tabaquismo. Metodo: Se realizo una busqueda sistematica para localizar estudios orientados al analisis de los efectos del entrenamiento fisico sobre los danos pulmonares y/o cardiovasculares inducidos por el tabaquismo en modelos animales. Resultados: Se identificaron catorce estudios, todos realizados en ratas o ratones. Correr o nadar fueron los unicos metodos de entrenamiento y la exposicion de cuerpo entero al humo del tabaco fue el protocolo de tabaquismo mas frecuentemente usado en los estudios. Conclusion: Los estudios sustentan la hipotesis de que el entrenamiento fisico realizado antes, durante o despues del tabaquismo, puede reducir o incluso revertir, el estres oxidativo y la respuesta inflamatoria en animales expuestos al humo del tabaco, lo que podria contribuir en la recuperacion de la funcion cardiovascular y respiratoria. EnglishObjective: Cigarette smoking triggers a plethora of biological mechanisms that promote the development of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Some preclinical studies have shown that exercise training could be effective in blunting oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by cigarette smoking. Therefore, we aim to analyze the effect of exercise training on pulmonary and cardiovascular system in experimental models of cigarette smoking. Methods: A systematic search was performed in order to identify studies addressed to evaluate the effects of exercise training on pulmonary and/or cardiovascular damage induced by cigarette smoking in animal models. Results: fourteen articles were identified, all of them performed in rats or mice. Running and swimming were the only training methods and whole-body smoke exposition was the most prevalent smoking protocol used in the studies. Conclusion: The studies support the hypothesis that exercise training performed before, concurrently or after smoking can blunt or even revert the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in animals exposed to cigarette smoke, which could contribute to recovering its cardiovascular and respiratory function. portuguesObjetivo: O tabagismo desencadeia uma diversidade de mecanismos biologicos que promovem o desenvolvimento de doencas cardiovasculares e respiratorias. Alguns estudos pre-clinicos demonstraram que o treinamento fisico (TE) pode ser eficaz na reducao do estresse oxidativo e da resposta inflamatoria induzida pelo tabagismo. Portanto, objetivamos analisar o efeito do treinamento fisico nos sistemas pulmonar e cardiovascular em modelos experimentais de tabagismo. Metodos: Uma busca sistematica foi realizada para identificar estudos direcionados para avaliar os efeitos do treinamento fisico sobre os danos pulmonares e / ou cardiovasculares induzidos pelo tabagismo em modelos animais. Resultados: Quatorze artigos foram identificados, todos realizados em ratos ou camundongos. Correr e nadar foram os unicos metodos de treinamento e a exposicao a fumaca de corpo inteiro foi o protocolo de tabagismo mais prevalente usado nos estudos. Conclusao: Os estudos sustentam a hipotese de que o treinamento fisico realizado antes, concomitantemente ou apos o tabagismo pode reduzir ou ate reverter o estresse oxidativo e a resposta inflamatoria em animais expostos a fumaca do cigarro, o que poderia contribuir para a recuperacao de sua funcao cardiovascular e respiratoria.
Published: 2019
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158. Heritability and genetic correlations for infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus load, body weight at harvest, and survival rate in Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei )

Author: Hortencia Hernández-Ruiz, Hugo H. Montaldo, Gabriel R. Campos-Montes, Jaime Bustos-Martínez, and Héctor Castillo-Juárez
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Veterinary medicine, education.field_of_study, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis, Population, Litopenaeus, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Aquatic Science, Heritability, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Genetic correlation, Shrimp, Genetic variation, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, education, Agronomy and Crop Science, Viral load
Abstract: Heritability and genetic correlations for body weight at harvest size (BW), grow‐out survival (SU), and log‐transformed infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) load (VLₗₙ) in Litopenaeus vannamei were estimated. Data were obtained in 2012 from a shrimp breeding population in Mexico using 12,440 shrimp for BW and 16,814 shrimp for SU, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction determinations from 160 full‐sib families were obtained for VLₗₙ. DNA was extracted from pooled muscle samples of six shrimp per family for a total of 960 individuals. Heritability estimates for BW, SU, and VLₗₙ at the family mean and at individual levels were 0.24 ± 0.08, 0.02 ± 0.01, 0.42 ± 0.45, and 0.08 ± 0.11, respectively. Genetic correlation estimates of BW with SU, BW with VLₗₙ, and VLₗₙ with SU were 0.40, −0.04, and −0.57, respectively. Our results suggest that VLₗₙ has genetic variation and a favorable genetic association with BW and SU. No serious drawbacks were found from selection responses estimated using single‐trait and multitrait indices to increase BW and SU and decrease VLₗₙ. Favorable correlated responses for IHHNV tolerance estimated as BW/VLₗₙ and SU/VLₗₙ were also found. This study offers new insights into the possibility of using IHHNV viral load as a possible selection criterion in L. vannamei breeding programs.
Published: 2019
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159. Insuficiencia cardíaca aguda

Author: E. de Teresa-Galván, R. Campos-Arjona, and José Manuel García-Pinilla
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Medicine, business
Abstract: Resumen La insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) es un sindrome clinico caracterizado por una disfuncion cardiaca estructural o funcional, con un alto impacto en nuestro medio debido a su alta incidencia y morbimortalidad. Una correcta clasificacion fisiopatologica del paciente con ICA es clave a la hora de instaurar un tratamiento adecuado y precoz. Las manifestaciones clinicas de la ICA son debidas a mecanismos de congestion e hipoperfusion. Es crucial la deteccion de cuadros precipitantes de ICA. Los cuadros clinicos mas frecuentes son: ICA descompensada o de novo, edema agudo de pulmon (EAP) y shock cardiogenico (SC). La disnea es el sintoma mas frecuente en estos pacientes, cuyo diagnostico diferencial en el paciente con sospecha de ICA incluye tanto patologia cardiaca como no cardiaca. El tratamiento en la ICA va dirigido a mantener la estabilidad hemodinamica y una correcta oxigenacion tisular. Para ello, contamos con una amplia variedad de farmacos y dispositivos. Acute heart failure (AHF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by structural or functional cardiac dysfunction associated with significant morbidity and mortality emerging as a major public health problem. Appropriate and early treatment requires a suitable classification of patient with AHF. Clinical manifestations are caused by congestion and hypoperfusion. Identification of the events that trigger AHF is crucial. The most common clinical pictures are: decompensated or de novo AHF, acute lung edema (ALE) and cardiogenic shock (CS). The most frequent symptom is dyspnea; its differential diagnosis in patients suspicious of AHF involves cardiac and no cardiac disorders. The goals of AHF treatment are maintain hemodynamic stability and proper tissue oxygenation (a wide range of drugs and devices are available for this purpose).
Published: 2019
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160. A Framework Based on Matlab/Simulink for the Simulation of DES Using Petri Net Models

Author: R. Campos-Rodriguez and M. Alcaraz-Mejia
Subjects: Matlab simulink, Computer science, Modeling and Simulation, Petri net, Simulation, Computer Science Applications
Published: 2019
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161. Insuflador-exsuflador mecânico versus manobra PEEP-ZEEP em pacientes em ventilação mecânica prolongada

Author: Leonardo Cordeiro de Souza, William Maia Coutinho, Josué Felipe R. Campos, Marcos David P. Godoy, and Luiz Alberto Forgiarini Junior
Abstract: Introdução: A presença da via aérea artificial, associada com a imobilidade no leito, resulta em um déficit na desobstrução das vias aéreas em pacientes sob ventilação mecânica (VM). Tal condição contribui para o desenvolvimento de quadros de hipoxemia e/ou infecções respiratórias, aumentando o trabalho respiratório e também as falhas de extubação. Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos da utilização do insuflador-exsuflador mecânico e da manobra PEEP-ZEEP em relação í mecânica respiratória em pacientes ventilados mecanicamente por tempo prolongado. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado cruzado, incluindo pacientes em ventilação mecânica por mais de 10 dias. Os pacientes foram randomizados para receber a aplicação do insuflador-exsuflador mecânico e da manobra PEEP-ZEEP. Foram mensuradas complacência pulmonar, estática e dinâmica, e resistência pulmonar antes e após a aplicação de cada técnica. Resultados: Foram incluídos 22 pacientes. Na análise intragrupos observa-se aumento significativo na complacência dinâmica e complacência estática após a aplicação de ambas as técnicas. A resistência pulmonar variou significativamente apenas após a aplicação do insuflador-exsuflador mecânico. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na análise intergrupos. Conclusão: O insuflador-exsuflador mecânico e a manobra de PEEP-ZEEP demonstraram ter efeito positivo tanto sobre a complacência estática quanto a dinâmica. Entretanto, a resistência pulmonar aumentou após a aplicação do insuflador-exsuflador mecânico.Palavras-chave: respiração artificial, resistência das vias respiratórias, complacência, fisioterapia, unidades de terapia intensiva.
Published: 2019
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162. Choroidal neovascularisation secondary to serpiginous choroiditis: The value of OCT-angiography in diagnosis and response to therapy with aflibercept

Author: R. Campos Polo, A. Sánchez Trancón, and C. Rubio Sánchez
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Serpiginous choroiditis, Response to therapy, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oct angiography, Ophthalmology, Decreased Visual Acuity, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Personal history, medicine, Metamorphopsia, sense organs, medicine.symptom, Complication, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Aflibercept, medicine.drug
Abstract: A case is presented of a 61 year-old man with a personal history of serpiginous choroiditis (SC), who presented with metamorphopsia and decreased visual acuity (VA) in his right eye (RE). In the examination, using Swept Source OCT-angiography (SS OCT-A), peripapillary haemorrhage secondary to a choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) was observed. The patient was treated with intravitreal aflibercept, having a favourable outcome on his symptomatology and in the SS OCT-A findings. CNV is a complication that can appear in up to 25% of cases after SC. An accurate diagnosis using SS OCT-A, with early treatment with aflibercept, led us to obtain optimal clinical and anatomical results.
Published: 2019
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163. Nanotechnology-Based Delivery Systems: Highlights in Agricultural Applications

Author: F Fraceto Leonardo, De Lima Renata, C Camara Marcela, B De Carvalho Lucas, A Monteiro Renata, L De Oliveira Jhones, and V R Campos Estefânia
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, lcsh:Biotechnology, hormones and nutrients, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, sustainable agriculture, herbicides, lcsh:Biology (General), Agriculture, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Sustainable agriculture, nanoparticles, sustained release, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Environmental planning, lcsh:QH301-705.5, insecticides, General Environmental Science, nanotechnology-based delivery systems
Abstract: Due to the excessive use of chemical agents in agriculture, numerous problems have arisen, such as contamination of the environment, intoxication of non-target organisms and the development of resistance mechanisms by pests. To overcome these challenges, several sustainable technological approaches are being explored, and nanotechnology is one of them. This review aims to provide insights into the use of nanotechnology related to the agricultural sector. Articles were selected using the Web of Science and Science Direct databases; more than 50 manuscripts between 2015 and 2019 were reviewed. This review includes systems based on nanotechnology, in particular, for the sustained release of active ingredients for pest control, nutrition and plant growth. Nanoparticle-based formulations have great potential to increase agricultural productivity and reduce health and environmental impacts. However, there are certain technological challenges that must be addressed to allow the adoption of this technology for wider use in agri-food production
Published: 2019

164. Neovascularización coroidea secundaria a coroiditis serpiginosa: valor de la OCT-angiografía en el diagnóstico y en la respuesta al tratamiento con aflibercept

Author: A. Sánchez Trancón, R. Campos Polo, and C. Rubio Sánchez
Subjects: Ophthalmology
Abstract: Resumen Varon de 61 anos, con antecedentes personales de coroiditis serpiginosa (CS), que presento metamorfopsia y disminucion de agudeza visual (AV) en su ojo derecho (OD). En la exploracion, mediante Swept-Source OCT-angiografia (SS OCT-A), se pudo observar una hemorragia peripapilar secundaria a una neovascularizacion coroidea (NVC). El paciente fue tratado mediante aflibercept intravitreo, presentando una evolucion favorable en su sintomatologia y en los hallazgos de la SS OCT-A. La NVC es una complicacion que puede aparecer hasta en el 25% de los casos tras CS. Un diagnostico preciso, mediante SS OCT-A, unido al tratamiento precoz con aflibercept, nos llevo a obtener unos optimos resultados, tanto clinicos como anatomicos.
Published: 2019
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165. Melatonin attenuates renal sympathetic overactivity and reactive oxygen species in the brain in neurogenic hypertension

Author: Fernanda Gaspar do Amaral, Ruy R. Campos, Henrique A. Futuro-Neto, Erika E. Nishi, Roberto B. Pontes, Karin A. Simon, Juliana Garcia Cespedes, Vítor Almeida, and Cássia T. Bergamaschi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Sympathetic nervous system, Kidney, Physiology, business.industry, Neurogenic hypertension, Rostral ventrolateral medulla, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Baroreflex, medicine.disease, Renovascular hypertension, Melatonin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood pressure, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Sympathetic overactivation contributes to the pathogenesis of both experimental and human hypertension. We have previously reported that oxidative stress in sympathetic premotor neurons leads to arterial baroreflex dysfunction and increased sympathetic drive to the kidneys in an experimental model of neurogenic hypertension. In this study, we hypothesized that melatonin, a potent antioxidant, may be protective in the brainstem regions involved in the tonic and reflex control of blood pressure (BP) in renovascular hypertensive rats. Neurogenic hypertension was induced by placing a silver clip (gap of 0.2 mm) around the left renal artery, and after 5 weeks of renal clip placement, the rats were treated orally with melatonin (30 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 15 days. At the end of melatonin treatment, we evaluated baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA), and the baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) and rSNA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected within the brainstem regions by dihydroethidium staining. Melatonin treatment effectively reduced baseline MAP and sympathoexcitation to the ischemic kidney in renovascular hypertensive rats. The baroreflex control of HR and rSNA were improved after melatonin treatment in the hypertensive group. Moreover, there was a preferential decrease in ROS within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Therefore, our study indicates that melatonin is effective in reducing renal sympathetic overactivity associated with decreased ROS in brainstem regions that regulate BP in an experimental model of neurogenic hypertension.
Published: 2019
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166. Scalable Synthesis of Diazeniumdiolates: Application to the Preparation of MK-8150

Author: Kevin R. Campos, Guy R. Humphrey, Mark Weisel, Yong-Li Zhong, Li Zhang, Kevin M. Maloney, Daniel J. Muzzio, Mark A. Huffman, and Wendy Zhong
Subjects: Biological studies, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, SAFER, Organic Chemistry, Scalability, Nanotechnology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract: Synthetic diazeniumdiolate (DAZD)-based nitric oxide is utilized to modulate the nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cellular environments and to control physiological processes, yet chemists are still struggling to find efficient and scalable methodologies that will enable them to access sufficient quantities of the high-energy diazeniumdiolate intermediates for biological studies. Now, a general, scalable, safer, and high-yielding new methodology adaptable to the large-scale synthesis of DAZDs has been developed.
Published: 2019
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167. Molecular Anatomy of Plant Photoprotective Switches

Author: António M. Baptista, Roberta Croce, Nicoletta Liguori, Sara R. R. Campos, Biophysics Photosynthesis/Energy, and LaserLaB - Energy
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, pH-sensing, Protonation, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Residue (chemistry), Molecular dynamics, Conformational switch, Quenching, medicine, pKa, General Materials Science, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Physiological values, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, pH, PsbS, Membrane protein, Mechanism of action, Thylakoid, Biophysics, medicine.symptom, 010606 plant biology & botany, Lumen (unit)
Abstract: Under strong sunlight, plants avoid photooxidation by quenching the excess absorbed energy. Quenching is triggered by PsbS, a membrane protein that is activated and deactivated by the light-dependent pH changes in the thylakoid lumen. The mechanism of action of this protein is unknown, but it was suggested that several glutamates act as pH sensors. However, the pK a of glutamate is several pH units below the physiological values in the lumen. Thus, how can PsbS sense the pH of the lumen, and how does it respond to it? By applying a nonstandard molecular dynamics method that treats pH explicitly, we show that the lumen-exposed glutamates of PsbS have strongly shifted pK a values and that such shifts are crucial for the pH sensitivity in physiological conditions. We also demonstrate that protonation drives a systematic unfolding of a region key for protein-protein interactions, indicating that PsbS response to pH is a functional conformational switch.
Published: 2019
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168. Estradiol impairs epithelial CXCL1 gradient in the cervix to delay neutrophil transepithelial migration during insemination

Author: C. Fernandez-Pacheco, M.T. Navarro-González, S. Lasarte, I. Olivera-Valle, R. Campos-Fernández, E. Mercader, R. Samaniego, L. Salinas-Muñoz, Miguel Relloso, Paloma Sánchez-Mateos, and L. Pérez-Martín
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Neutrophils, Chemokine CXCL1, Ectocervix, Immunology, Cervix Uteri, Biology, Luteal phase, Transepithelial Migration, Insemination, Andrology, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune Tolerance, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Mice, Knockout, Mucous Membrane, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Estradiol, urogenital system, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Spermatozoa, Sperm, Epithelium, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Reproductive Medicine, Vagina, Female, Hormone
Abstract: Female reproductive mucosa must allow allogenic sperm survival whereas at the same time, avoid pathogen infection. To preserve sperm from neutrophil attack, neutrophils disappear from the vagina during the ovulatory phase (high estradiol); although the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil influx to the vagina during insemination remain controversial. We investigated the sex hormone regulation of the neutrophil migration through the cervix during insemination and revealed that ovulatory estradiol dose fades the CXCL1 epithelial expression in the ectocervix and fornix; hence, retarding neutrophil migration and retaining them in the epithelium. These mechanisms spare sperm from neutrophil attack to preserve reproduction, but might compromise immunity. However, luteal progesterone dose promotes the CXCL1 gradient expression to restore neutrophil migration, to eliminate sperm and prevent sperm associated pathogen dissemination. Surprisingly, these mechanisms are hormone dependent and independent of the insemination. Thus, sex hormones orchestrate tolerance and immunity in the vaginal lumen by regulating neutrophil transepithelial migration in the fornix and ectocervix.
Published: 2019
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169. Erratum: Effects of four non-crop plants on life history traits of the lady beetle Harmonia axyridis

Author: Yusha Wang, Fengluan Yao, Marianne A. Soares, Shirin E. Basiri, Edwige Amiens-Desneux, Mateus R. Campos, Anne-Violette Lavoir, and Nicolas Desneux
Subjects: Insect Science
Published: 2022
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170. 43 Resveratrol during the warming process improves the quality of

Author: J. C. Escobar, D. Maturana, R. Campos, R. Urrego, and V. Torres
Subjects: Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, Molecular Biology, Developmental Biology, Biotechnology
Published: 2022
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171. 209 Supplementation of the

Author: L. M. Amaya, R. Campos, R. Urrego, M. Velez, and V. Torres
Subjects: Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, Molecular Biology, Developmental Biology, Biotechnology
Published: 2022
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172. Towards a social level characterisation of socially responsible agents.

Author: Nicholas R. Jennings and J. R. Campos
Published: 1997
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173. Retroperitoneal adipose tissue denervation improves cardiometabolic and autonomic dysfunction in a high fat diet model

Author: Erika E. Nishi, Cássia T. Bergamaschi, Lila Missae Oyama, Alex Y.S. Sato, Maycon I.O. Milanez, Polliane M. Carvalho, Ruy R. Campos, Michelle L. Garcia, and Fernando Neves Nogueira
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adipose tissue, Blood Pressure, White adipose tissue, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Diet, High-Fat, Cardiovascular System, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Renin-Angiotensin System, Internal medicine, Renin–angiotensin system, medicine, Animals, Obesity, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Rats, Wistar, Denervation, Vasomotor, business.industry, Leptin, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Splanchnic Nerves, General Medicine, Rats, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, business, Splanchnic, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract: Sympathetic vasomotor overactivity is a major feature leading to the cardiovascular dysfunction related to obesity. Considering that the retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) is an important fat visceral depot and receives intense sympathetic and afferent innervations, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects evoked by bilateral rWAT denervation in obese rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 8 consecutive weeks and rWAT denervation was performed at the 6th week. Arterial pressure, splanchnic and renal sympathetic vasomotor nerve activities were assessed and inflammation and the components of the renin -angiotensin system were evaluated in different white adipose tissue depots. HFD animals presented higher serum levels of leptin and glucose, an increase in arterial pressure and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity; rWAT denervation, normalized these parameters. Pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were significantly increased, as well as RAAS gene expression in WAT of HFD animals; rWAT denervation significantly attenuated these changes. In conclusion, HFD promotes vasomotor sympathetic overactivation and inflammation with repercussions on the cardiovascular system. In conclusion, the neural communication between WAT and the brain is fundamental to trigger sympathetic vasomotor activation and this pathway is a possible new therapeutic target to treat obesity-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
Published: 2021

174. (Phenylamino)pyrimidine-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as analogs of imatinib: searching for novel compounds against chronic myeloid leukemia

Author: Lucas Villas Bôas Hoelz, Anna C. Cunha, Frederico Silva Castelo Branco, Mônica M. Bastos, Henayle Fernandes Canzian, Nubia Boechat, Andressa Paula de Oliveira, Jackson A. L. C. Resende, Luiz Claudio Ferreira Pimentel, Vinícius R. Campos, Rafael Ferreira Dantas, and Floriano Paes Silva Junior
Subjects: 1,2,3-Triazole, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, Science, Organic Chemistry, Triazole, Myeloid leukemia, Imatinib, Full Research Paper, (phenylamino)pyrimidine-pyridine, chemistry.chemical_compound, QD241-441, Non-competitive inhibition, imatinib, Docking (molecular), chronic myeloid leukemia, hemic and lymphatic diseases, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, medicine, 1,2,3-triazole, Tyrosine kinase, medicine.drug, K562 cells
Abstract: The enzyme tyrosine kinase BCR-Abl-1 is the main molecular target in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and can be competitively inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib. New potential competitive inhibitors were synthesized using the (phenylamino)pyrimidine-pyridine (PAPP) group as a pharmacophoric fragment, and these compounds were biologically evaluated. The synthesis of twelve new compounds was performed in three steps and assisted by microwave irradiation in a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to obtain 1,2,3-triazole derivatives substituted on carbon C-4 of the triazole nucleus. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against a chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K562) that expresses the enzyme tyrosine kinase BCR-Abl-1 and against healthy cells (WSS-1) to observe their selectivity. Three compounds showed promising results, with IC50 values between 1.0 and 7.3 μM, and were subjected to molecular docking studies. The results suggest that such compounds can interact at the same binding site as imatinib, probably sharing a competitive inhibition mechanism. One compound showed the greatest interaction affinity for BCR-Abl-1 in the docking studies.
Published: 2021

175. Burden of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in adults in the Americas, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Ewerton Cousin, Maria Inês Schmidt, Kanyin Liane Ong, Rafael Lozano, Ashkan Afshin, Abdelrahman I Abushouk, Gina Agarwal, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Ziyad Al-Aly, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk, Benny Antony, Malke Asaad, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Sanjay Basu, Isabela M Bensenor, Zahid A Butt, Ismael R Campos-Nonato, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Michael H Criqui, Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Daniel Diaz, Irina Filip, Mohamed M Gad, MA Garcia-Gordillo, Shakiba Ghasemi Assl, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Rajat Das Gupta, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Maryam Hashemian, Simon I Hay, Tanvir Kahlon, Jagdish Khubchandani, Ruth W Kimokoti, Adnan Kisa, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Iván Landires, Ted R Miller, Ali H Mokdad, Linda Morales, Shane Douglas Morrison, Yeshambel T Nigatu, Virginia Nuñez-Samudio, Andrew T Olagunju, Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal, Urvish K Patel, Amir Radfar, Maria Rios-Blancas, Leonardo Roever, Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Juan Sanabria, Itamar S Santos, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Mahsima Shabani, Omid Shafaat, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Ambrish Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Diana Zuleika Velazquez, Siddhesh Zadey, Mohsen Naghavi, Theo Vos, and Bruce B Duncan
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, Endocrinology, Life Expectancy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Socioeconomic Factors, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Hyperglycemia, Internal Medicine, Humans, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Abstract: High prevalence of diabetes has been reported in the Americas, but no comprehensive analysis of diabetes burden and related factors for the region is available. We aimed to describe the burden of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and that of hyperglycaemia in the Americas from 1990 to 2019.We used estimates from GBD 2019 to evaluate the burden of diabetes in adults aged 20 years or older and high fasting plasma glucose in adults aged 25 years or older in the 39 countries and territories of the six regions in the Americas from 1990 to 2019. The main source to estimate the mortality attributable to diabetes and to chronic kidney disease due to diabetes was vital registration. Mortality due to overall diabetes (ie, diabetes and diabetes due to chronic kidney disease) was estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as the number of deaths multiplied by standard life expectancy at the age that the death occurred, years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated based on the prevalence and severity of complications of diabetes. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were estimated as a sum of YLDs and YLLs. We assessed the association of diabetes burden with the level of development of a country (according to the Socio-demographic Index), health-care access and quality (estimated with the Healthcare Access and Quality Index), and diabetes prevalence. We also calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of diabetes burden due to each of its risk factors. We report the 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates.In 2019, an estimated total of 409 000 (95% uncertainty interval 373 000-443 000) adults aged 20 years or older in the Americas died from diabetes, which represented 5·9% of all deaths. Diabetes was responsible for 2266 (1930-2649) crude DALYs per 100 000 adults in the Americas, and high fasting plasma glucose for 4401 DALYs (3685-5265) per 100 000 adults, with large variation across regions. DALYs were mostly due to type 2 diabetes and distribution was heterogeneous, being highest in central Latin America and the Caribbean and lowest in high-income North America and southern Latin America. Between 1990 and 2019, age-standardised DALYs due to type 2 diabetes increased 27·4% (22·0-32·5). This increase was particularly high in Andean Latin America and high-income North America. Burden for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes across countries increased with higher diabetes prevalence and decreased with greater Socio-demographic and Healthcare Access and Quality Indices. Main risk factors for the burden were high BMI, with a PAF of 63·2% and dietary risks, with a PAF of 27·5%. The fraction of burden due to disability has increased since 1990 and now represents nearly half of the overall burden in 2019.The burden of diabetes in the Americas is large, increasing, heterogeneous, and expanding. To confront the rising burden, population-based interventions aimed to reduce type 2 diabetes risk and strengthening health systems to provide effective and cost-efficient care for those affected are mandatory.BillMelinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2021

176. Correction to: Thermal biology of Tuta absoluta: demographic parameters and facultative diapause

Author: Philippe Béarez, Mateus R. Campos, Luigi Ponti, Andrew Paul Gutierrez, Edwige Amiens-Desneux, Antonio Biondi, Nicolas Desneux, Abhijin Adiga, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, University of Catania [Italy], and The University of Virginia
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Entomology, Facultative, Ecology, Ecology (disciplines), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Diapause, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, 010602 entomology, Tuta absoluta, Agronomy and Crop Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Formula, Equation 2 and the table 3 are published incorrectly in the original publication of the article. The correct version of the article is given below
Published: 2021
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177. A kinase-cGAS cascade to synthesize a therapeutic STING activator

Author: John A. McIntosh, Zhijian Liu, Brian M. Andresen, Nastaran Salehi Marzijarani, Jeffrey C. Moore, Nicholas M. Marshall, Margie Borra-Garske, Jennifer V. Obligacion, Patrick S. Fier, Feng Peng, Jacob H. Forstater, Matthew S. Winston, Chihui An, Wonsuk Chang, Jongwon Lim, Mark A. Huffman, Steven P. Miller, Fuh-Rong Tsay, Michael D. Altman, Charles A. Lesburg, Dietrich Steinhuebel, B. Wesley Trotter, Jared N. Cumming, Alan Northrup, Xiaodong Bu, Benjamin F. Mann, Mirlinda Biba, Kaori Hiraga, Grant S. Murphy, Joshua N. Kolev, Amanda Makarewicz, Weilan Pan, Iman Farasat, Rachel S. Bade, Kevin Stone, Da Duan, Oscar Alvizo, Donovan Adpressa, Erik Guetschow, Erik Hoyt, Erik L. Regalado, Steve Castro, Nelo Rivera, Joseph P. Smith, Fengqiang Wang, Alejandro Crespo, Deeptak Verma, Stephanus Axnanda, Zachary E. X. Dance, Paul N. Devine, David Tschaen, Keith A. Canada, Paul G. Bulger, Benjamin D. Sherry, Matthew D. Truppo, Rebecca T. Ruck, Louis-Charles Campeau, David Jonathan Bennett, Guy R. Humphrey, Kevin R. Campos, and Matthew L. Maddess
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Adenosine, Guanosine, Animals, Membrane Proteins, Interferons, Nucleotidyltransferases, Signal Transduction
Abstract: The introduction of molecular complexity in an atom- and step-efficient manner remains an outstanding goal in modern synthetic chemistry. Artificial biosynthetic pathways are uniquely able to address this challenge by using enzymes to carry out multiple synthetic steps simultaneously or in a one-pot sequence
Published: 2021

178. Home physical exercise improves functional mobility and quality of life in the elderly: A CONSORT-prospective, randomised controlled clinical trial

Author: Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira, Rodolfo de Paula Vieira, Glaudson Sá Brandão, Claudio F. Donner, Glauber Sá Brandão, Marcos Mota da Silva, Antônia Adonis Callou Sampaio, Anderson Soares da Silva, Leandro Damas de Andrade, Rubens Alexandre da Silva, Francisco K. R. Campos, Iransé Oliveira-Silva, Adriano Luís Fonseca, and Aquiles Assunção Camelier
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physical exercise, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life, law, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cognitive decline, Prospective cohort study, Exercise, Aged, Sleep hygiene, business.industry, General Medicine, humanities, Exercise Therapy, Clinical trial, Physical therapy, Quality of Life, Female, business, Body mass index
Abstract: AIMS To test the hypothesis of a semi-supervised home physical exercise programme that is likely to improve the functional mobility and quality of life (QOL) of elderly in the community. METHODS This trial included elderly adults (88% female) aged 60 years or older and who were sedentary and without cognitive decline. The participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG, home physical exercise and sleep hygiene) and a control group (CG, sleep hygiene). The International Questionnaire on Physical Activity, mental state mini-exam, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests were conducted before and after the 12-week intervention period. RESULTS The study was concluded with 125 elderly participants. Anthropometric data were indicative of pre-obesity, with a mean body mass index of 27.3 ± 4, a low-income socio-economic profile (78% ≤ 2 SM) and low schooling rates (76% ≤ 3 years of study). Most of the elderly (87%) were considered physically active with IPAQ > 150 min/week. The group of elderly people who performed the home physical exercise programme showed a significant improvement in functional mobility according to the time of execution of the TUG test before (9.1 ± 2) and after (7.1 ± 1) with an average reduction of 2 ± 1 s (P
Published: 2021

179. Efficient synthesis of antiviral agent uprifosbuvir enabled by new synthetic methods

Author: Kevin R. Campos, Lushi Tan, Daniel A. DiRocco, Tyler A. Davis, Rebecca T. Ruck, Peter E. Maligres, Artis Klapars, John Y. L. Chung, Zhiguo Jake Song, Mona Utne Larsen, Wenyong Chen, Timothy J. Wright, Amude M. Kassim, Guiquan Liu, John Limanto, Aaron Moment, Stephen M. Dalby, Susan L. Zultanski, Louis-Charles Campeau, Ralph Calabria, Michael Shevlin, Feng Peng, Bryon Simmons, and Alan M. Hyde
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemistry, chemistry, Nucleophile, Manufacturing process, Yield (chemistry), Stereoselectivity, General Chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Uridine
Abstract: An efficient route to the HCV antiviral agent uprifosbuvir was developed in 5 steps from readily available uridine in 50% overall yield. This concise synthesis was achieved by development of several synthetic methods: (1) complexation-driven selective acyl migration/oxidation; (2) BSA-mediated cyclization to anhydrouridine; (3) hydrochlorination using FeCl3/TMDSO; (4) dynamic stereoselective phosphoramidation using a chiral nucleophilic catalyst. The new route improves the yield of uprifosbuvir 50-fold over the previous manufacturing process and expands the tool set available for synthesis of antiviral nucleotides., An efficient route to the HCV antiviral agent uprifosbuvir was developed in 5 steps from readily available uridine in 50% overall yield.
Published: 2021

180. Hypoglycemic effect and toxicity of the dry extract of Eugenia biflora (L.) DC. leaves

Author: Edinilze S.C. Oliveira, Leonard D.R. Acho, Bárbara Janaína P. da Silva, Ruben Dario Morales-Gamba, Flávia L.D. Pontes, Alessandro S. do Rosário, Jaqueline de A. Bezerra, Francinete R. Campos, José Fernando M. Barcellos, Emerson S. Lima, and Marcos B. Machado
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Pharmacology, Plant Extracts, alpha-Glucosidases, Eugenia, Antioxidants, Catechin, Streptozocin, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Plant Leaves, Mice, Drug Discovery, Animals, Hypoglycemic Agents
Abstract: The leaves of Eugenia biflora (Myrtaceae) are traditionally used by Amazonian populations for the control of diabetes. However, their chemical composition has not yet been described and pharmacological evidence has not been reported.This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents and evaluate the hypoglycemic and toxic effect of the dry extract of the E. biflora leaves (DEEB).DEEB, obtained by infusion, was analyzed using LC-HRMS and NMR, whose the catechin flavonoid was quantified using NMR. The antidiabetic effect of DEEB was evaluated according to its inhibition of the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as the content of total phenols, free radical scavengingand antiglycation activities, and its in vitro cell viability. Oral maltose tolerance and chronic multiple dose tests (28 days) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (STZ) were performed. The hypoglycemic effect and toxicity of this extract were evaluated in the multiple dose assay. Biochemical parameters, hemolysis, and levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive species in the liver were investigated and histopathological analyses of the kidneys and liver were performed.Eight phenolic compounds were identified, with catechin (15.5 ± 1.7 mg g-1) being the majority compound and a possible chemical marker of DEEB. The extract showed inhibition activity of the enzyme α-glucosidase. Chronic administration of DEEB (50 mg/kg of body weight) reduced glucose levels in diabetic animals, similar to acarbose; however, DEEB (100 and 200 mg/kg bw) caused premature death of mice by D22 of the treatment. Our data indicate that one of the mechanisms of toxicity in DEEB may be related to the aggravation of oxidative stress in the liver. This histopathological study indicated that DEEB failed to minimize the progression of the toxicity of diabetes caused by STZ.This study demonstrated the hypoglycemic potential of E. biflora leaves. However, the prolonged use of this tea can be harmful to its users due to its considerable toxicity, which needs to be better investigated.
Published: 2022
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181. Mono-PEGylated lysozyme purification with increased productivity and isomer differentiation through heparin monolith chromatography

Author: Luis Alberto, Mejía-Manzano, Víctor R, Campos-García, Francisco C, Perdomo-Abúndez, Emilio, Medina-Rivero, and José, González-Valdez
Subjects: Chromatography, Heparin, Clinical Biochemistry, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Muramidase, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Antiviral Agents, Biochemistry, Polyethylene Glycols, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract: PEGylated protein purification with the required quality attributes has represented a bioengineering challenge and Affinity Monolith Chromatography (AMC) has never been exploited for this goal. This work reports the generation of a heparin-modified affinity monolith disk by reductive alkylation with raised ligand density for its use as chromatographic support in the separation of lysozyme PEGylation reactions (LPRs) with three different PEG sizes (1, 20 and 40 kDa). For immobilized heparin determination a modified toluidine colorimetric assay adapted to microplate format was proposed. The heparin modified-disk was able to differentiate positional isomers of 20 kDa mono-PEGylated lysozyme at neutral pH using a salt linear gradient. Identity of PEG-conjugates was verified by SDS-PAGE and positional isomers were partially characterized by peptide mapping mass spectrometry. 20 kDa mono-PEGylated lysozyme conjugate purity (99.69 ± 0.05%) was comparable with traditional chromatographic methods while productivity (0.0964 ± 0.0001 mg/mL*min) was increased up to 6.1 times compared to that obtained in heparin packed-bed affinity chromatography procedures. The proposed AMC method represents a reliable, efficient, easy-handling, fast and single-step operation for the analysis or preparative isolation of PEGylated proteins containing a heparin binding domain.
Published: 2022
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182. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Sorin Hostiuc, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Jorge R. Ledesma, Carsten Flohr, Masoumeh Sadeghi, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Cyrus Alinia, Mehdi Bohluli, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Bernhard T. Baune, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Dinh-Toi Chu, Beatrix Haddock, Gianfranco Alicandro, Vasily Vlassov, Mohammad Taghi Khodayari, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Michael K. Hole, Azeem Majeed, Iman Halvaei, Saqib Ali, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Tomas Y. Yeheyis, John S. Ji, Martin McKee, Jamileh Shadid, Leonardo Roever, Peng Jia, Ettore Beghi, Pablo M. Lavados, Young Eun Kim, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Ahmad Daryani, Cathleen Keller, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Nicole K. DeCleene, Ebrahim Babaee, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Boris Bikbov, William M. Gardner, Lydia M. Haile, Luca Ronfani, Azalea M. Thomson, Irena Ilic, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Yingxi Zhao, Guoqing Hu, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Nathaniel J. Henry, Brijesh Sathian, Daniel Kim, Peter Memiah, Mohammad Hadi Abbasi, Andrea Farioli, Zahra Kamiab, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Matthew C. Doxey, Tommi Vasankari, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Luisa Sorio Flor, Priya Rathi, Shanshan Li, Tanvir M. Huda, Dillon O Sylte, Rosario Cárdenas, Agegnehu Bante, Helen Ippolito, Alyssa Acebedo, Jeffrey D. Stanaway, Anwar Faraj, João Pedro Silva, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Pushpendra Kumar, Sangram Kishor Patel, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Holly E. Erskine, Eugene Sobngwi, Filippo Ariani, Shane D. Morrison, Mohammad Aghaali, Meghan D. Mooney, Vera Marisa Costa, Palash Chandra Banik, Rupak Desai, Ken Takahashi, Maigeng Zhou, Morteza Oladnabi, Bogdan Oancea, Daniela Ribeiro, Mohammad Farahmand, Irmina Maria Michalek, Yetunde O. John-Akinola, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Emilie R Maddison, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Damian G. Hoy, Hosni Salem, V. Prakash, Shuhei Nomura, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Anders Larsson, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Somayeh Bohlouli, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Siamak Sabour, Theo Vos, Han Yong Wunrow, Khaled Khatab, Alireza Zangeneh, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Marissa B Reitsma, Hannah J. Henrikson, Randah R. Hamadeh, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Giuseppe Grosso, Ziyad Al-Aly, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Joseph L Ward, Roba Khundkar, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Reza Malekzadeh, John J. McGrath, Sandra B. Munro, Shahin Soltani, Amy E. Peden, Rufus Akinyemi, Marcel Ausloos, Naohiro Yonemoto, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Guilherme Borges, Sadia Bibi, Farhad Islami, Hamed Mirzaei, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, M. Ashworth Dirac, Hosna Janjani, Kairat Davletov, Hermann Brenner, Yuichiro Yano, Elissa M. Abrams, Ana Vukovic, Bartosz Miazgowski, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Jennifer O Lam, Mona Pathak, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Asadollah Gholamian, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Babak Eshrati, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Atte Meretoja, Lorenzo Monasta, Ronan A. Lyons, Neda Kianipour, Desalegn Getnet Demsie, Yasir Waheed, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Davide Sattin, Kevin S Ikuta, Ghobad Moradi, Srinivas Goli, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Mika Kivimäki, Christopher Troeger, Jordi Alonso, Alireza Ahmadi, Navid Manafi, Caroline Stein, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jason Nguyen, Moses K. Muriithi, Aziz Rezapour, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Adrian Pana, H. Dean Hosgood, Noore Alam, James L. Fisher, Mariam Molokhia, Susan F. Rumisha, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Ayman Grada, Emma Nichols, Babak Asghari, André Luiz Sena Guimarães, Ferrán Catalá-López, Aletta E. Schutte, Fiona B. Bennitt, Maciej Banach, Antonio Biondi, Donal Bisanzio, Josip Car, Ronny Westerman, Shafiu Mohammed, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Kenji Shibuya, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Karen M. Tabb, Paula Moraga, Soheil Hassanipour, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Avina Vongpradith, Dara K. Mohammad, Ralph Maddison, Babak Moazen, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Rahman Shiri, Fernando Neves Hugo, Hmwe H Kyu, Zachary V Dingels, Florian Fischer, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Massimo Cirillo, Nikita Otstavnov, Robert C. Reiner, Van C. Lansingh, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez, Ashkan Afshin, Benjamin A Stark, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Natalie C. Galles, Behnam Heidari, Eun-Kee Park, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Suzanne Polinder, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh, Amir Radfar, Mowafa Househ, Derrick A Bennett, Gaorui Guo, Hesam Ghiasvand, Taweewat Wiangkham, Tamás Joó, Cristiana Abbafati, Kathryn Mei Ming Lau, Anita K. Nandi, Miklós Szócska, Manasi Kumar, Eduardo A. Undurraga, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Simon Yadgir, Victor Aboyans, Justin J. Lang, Catherine O. Johnson, Soewarta Kosen, Carla Sofia e.Sá Farinha, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Kamarul Imran Musa, Farshad Pourmalek, Kiomars Sharafi, Heather Orpana, Samuel B. Albertson, Mahdi Afshari, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Adrian Oţoiu, Iván Landires, Robert G. Weintraub, Kidanemaryam Berhe, André Faro, Sophia Emmons-Bell, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Mehdi Naderi, Yordanos Gizachew Yeshitila, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Arash Etemadi, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Theodore Patrick Younker, Joemer C. Maravilla, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Borhan Mansouri, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Linda Morales, Amanda Deen, Noushin Mohammadifard, Obinna Onwujekwe, Ai Koyanagi, Michele Nguyen, Chieh Han, Kiana Ramezanzadeh, Mika Shigematsu, Mohammed Shannawaz, Khurshid Alam, Javad Nazari, Bryan L. Sykes, Rajat Das Gupta, Stephen S Lim, Lingkan Barua, Zubair Kabir, Michael Brauer, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Deepa Jahagirdar, Kaja Abbas, Gholamreza Bazmandegan, Mark A. Stokes, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Kanyin L. Ong, Kate Causey, Ahmed Omar Bali, Matilde Leonardi, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, André Karch, Blair R. Bumgarner, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Jennifer H MacLachlan, Saeed Amini, Parvaiz A Koul, Blessing J. Akombi, Ro Ting Lin, Dabere Nigatu, Alaa Badawi, Flavia M. Cicuttini, Deanna Anderlini, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Rupert R A Bourne, Tanuj Kanchan, Catherine P. Benziger, Tahiya Alam, M. Mofizul Islam, Muktar Omer Omer, Leila Zaki, Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Inbal Salz, Katharine J Looker, Shiwei Liu, Fatemeh Amiri, Christopher R. Cederroth, Mitra Abbasifard, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, Gbenga A. Kayode, Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Mohamed M. Gad, Assefa Desalew, Lidia Morawska, Davood Anvari, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Hadi Pourjafar, Abdu A. Adamu, Maryam Adabi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Jessica A. Cruz, Foad Abd-Allah, Amir Hasanzadeh, Jordan Weiss, Maryam Ghadimi, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Serge Resnikoff, Joanna L Whisnant, Kelly Compton, Priya Parmar, Sanjay Basu, Leila R Kalankesh, Nickolas Reinig, Ana Maria Mantilla Herrera, Fatemeh Rajati, Damian Santomauro, Mojisola Oluwasanu, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, David M. Pereira, Joht Singh Chandan, Deepak Kumar Pasupula, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Hoa Thi Do, Whitney L. Teagle, Hans W. Hoek, James Leigh, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Yasser Vasseghian, Stephanie R M Zimsen, Charlie Ashbaugh, Fariba Dorostkar, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Mikk Jürisson, Golnaz Heidari, Kala M. Mehta, Saeed Shahabi, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Hai Quang Pham, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Joshua A. Salomon, David C. Schwebel, Milena Ilic, Kareha M Agesa, Jost B. 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L., Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Environmental Sciences, Public Health, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Sálfræðideild (HR), Department of Psychology (RU), Samfélagssvið (HR), School of Social Sciences (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborator, Violante FS, Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, and UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL
Subjects: Male, Life expectancy, Disability-Adjusted Life Year, Diseases, Disease, communicable disease, systematic analysis, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Medicine, 10. No inequality, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, injuries, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Sjúkdómar, DEMENTIA, FALLS, General Medicine, Forvarnir, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Human, GBD, Population health, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Global Burden of Disease Study, education, Aged, Spatial Analysis, Global burden, Disability, Prevention, DISABILITY, Infant, Spatial Analysi, Mortality rate, Global Burden of Disease, Diseases, Injuries, Systematic analysis, PREVENTION, Years of potential life lost, Risk factors, Disease study, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, RISK-FACTORS, Clinical Medicine, RA, Demography, Fötlun, Dánartíðni, Áhættuþættir, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, 1. No poverty, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Middle Aged, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Female, Infant, Newborn, Young Adult, Lýðheilsa, CLINICAL-TRIALS, Population, Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica, diseases, ITC-HYBRID, Heilbrigðisvísindi, General & Internal Medicine, Mortality, Preschool, Disease burden, business.industry, Risk Factor, Klinisk medicin, Newborn, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Áverkar, Systematic analysis, NA, business
Abstract: Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990-2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0-9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10-24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10-24 years were also in the top ten in the 25-49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50-74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and development investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd., Research reported in this publication was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the University of Melbourne; Queensland Department of Health, Australia; the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia; Public Health England; the Norwegian Institute of Public Health; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; the Cardiovascular Medical Research and Education Fund; the National Institute on Ageing of the National Institutes of Health (award P30AG047845); and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health (award R01MH110163). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funders. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated, the National Health Service (NHS), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), the UK Department of Health and Social Care, or Public Health England; the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the US Government, or MEASURE Evaluation; or the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). This research used data from the Chile National Health Survey 2003, 2009-10, and 2016-17. The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Health, the survey copyright owner, for allowing them to have the database. All results of the study are those of the authors and in no way committed to the Ministry. The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study project is a longitudinal study by the University of Costa Rica's Centro Centroamericano de Poblacion and Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud, in collaboration with the University of California at Berkeley. The original pre-1945 cohort was funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant 072406), and the 1945-55 Retirement Cohort was funded by the US National Institute on Aging (grant R01AG031716). The principal investigators are Luis Rosero-Bixby and William H Dow and co-principal investigators are Xinia Fernandez and Gilbert Brenes. The accuracy of the authors' statistical analysis and the findings they report are not the responsibility of ECDC. ECDC is not responsible for conclusions or opinions drawn from the data provided. ECDC is not responsible for the correctness of the data and for data management, data merging and data collation after provision of the data. ECDC shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data. The Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study is an international study carried out in collaboration with WHO/EURO. The international coordinator of the 1997-98, 2001-02, 2005-06, and 2009-10 surveys was Candace Currie and the databank manager for the 1997-98 survey was Bente Wold, whereas for the following surveys Oddrun Samdal was the databank manager. A list of principal investigators in each country can be found on the HBSC website. Data used in this paper come from the 2009-10 Ghana Socioeconomic Panel Study Survey, which is a nationally representative survey of more than 5000 households in Ghana. The survey is a joint effort undertaken by the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER) at the University of Ghana and the Economic Growth Centre (EGC) at Yale University. It was funded by EGC. ISSER and the EGC are not responsible for the estimations reported by the analysts. The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics granted the researchers access to relevant data in accordance with license number SLN2014-3-170, after subjecting data to processing aiming to preserve the confidentiality of individual data in accordance with the General Statistics Law, 2000. The researchers are solely responsible for the conclusions and inferences drawn upon available data. Data for this research was provided by MEASURE Evaluation, funded by USAID. The authors thank the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, conducted by the National Research University Higher School of Economics and ZAO Demoscope together with Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Institute of Sociology, Russia Academy of Sciences for making data available. This paper uses data from the Bhutan 2014 STEPS survey, implemented by the Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; the Kuwait 2006 and 2014 STEPS surveys, implemented by the Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; the Libya 2009 STEPS survey, implemented by the Secretariat of Health and Environment with the support of WHO; the Malawi 2009 STEPS survey, implemented by Ministry of Health with the support of WHO; and the Moldova 2013 STEPS survey, implemented by the Ministry of Health, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the National Center of Public Health with the support of WHO. This paper uses data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Waves 1 (DOI:10.6103/SHARE. w1.700), 2 (10.6103/SHARE.w2.700), 3 (10.6103/SHARE.w3.700), 4 (10.6103/SHARE.w4.700), 5 (10.6103/SHARE.w5.700), 6 (10.6103/SHARE.w6.700), and 7 (10.6103/SHARE.w7.700); see Borsch-Supan and colleagues (2013) for methodological details. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N degrees 211909, SHARE-LEAP: GA N degrees 227822, SHARE M4: GA N degrees 261982) and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N degrees 676536, SERISS: GA N degrees 654221) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. This study has been realised using the data collected by the Swiss Household Panel, which is based at the Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences. The project is financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation. The United States Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study is a supplement to the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which is sponsored by the National Institute of Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740). It was conducted jointly by Duke University and the University of Michigan. The HRS is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740) and is conducted by the University of Michigan. This paper uses data from Add Health, a program project designed by J Richard Udry, Peter S Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris, and funded by a grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 17 other agencies. Special acknowledgment is due to Ronald R Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website. No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. The data reported here have been supplied by the United States Renal Data System. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the authors and in no way should be seen as an official policy or interpretation of the US Government. Collection of data for the Mozambique National Survey on the Causes of Death 2007-08 was made possible by USAID under the terms of cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-08-000_D3-00. This manuscript is based on data collected and shared by the International Vaccine Institute (IVI) from an original study IVI conducted. L G Abreu acknowledges support from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Brazil; finance code 001) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, a Brazilian funding agency). I N Ackerman was supported by a Victorian Health and Medical Research Fellowship awarded by the Victorian Government. O O Adetokunboh acknowledges the South African Department of Science and Innovation and the National Research Foundation. A Agrawal acknowledges the Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowship. S M Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. M Ausloos, C Herteliu, and A Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. A Badawi is supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada. D A Bennett was supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. R Bourne acknowledges the Brien Holden Vision Institute, University of Heidelberg, Sightsavers, Fred Hollows Foundation, and Thea Foundation. G B Britton and I Moreno Velasquez were supported by the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion, SNI-SENACYT, Panama. R Buchbinder was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Senior Principal Research Fellowship. J J Carrero was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2019-01059). F Carvalho acknowledges UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds. A R Chang was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant K23 DK106515. V M Costa acknowledges the grant SFRH/BHD/110001/2015, received by Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, IP, under the Norma Transitaria DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. A Douiri acknowledges support and funding from the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and the Royal College of Physicians, and support from the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. B B Duncan acknowledges grants from the Foundation for the Support of Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (IATS and PrInt) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. H E Erskine is the recipient of an Australian NHMRC Early Career Fellowship grant (APP1137969). A J Ferrari was supported by a NHMRC Early Career Fellowship grant (APP1121516). H E Erskine and A J Ferrari are employed by and A M Mantilla-Herrera and D F Santomauro affiliated with the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, which receives core funding from the Queensland Department of Health. M L Ferreira holds an NHMRC Research Fellowship. C Flohr was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. M Freitas acknowledges financial support from the EU (European Regional Development Fund [FEDER] funds through COMPETE POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029248) and National Funds (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) through project PTDC/NAN-MAT/29248/2017. A L S Guimaraes acknowledges support from CNPq. C Herteliu was partially supported by a grant co-funded by FEDER through Operational Competitiveness Program (project ID P_40_382). P Hoogar acknowledges Centre for Bio Cultural Studies, Directorate of Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education and Centre for Holistic Development and Research, Kalaghatagi. F N Hugo acknowledges the Visiting Professorship, PRINT Program, CAPES Foundation, Brazil. B-F Hwang was supported by China Medical University (CMU107-Z-04), Taichung, Taiwan. S M S Islam was funded by a National Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship and supported by Deakin University. R Q Ivers was supported by a research fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. M Jakovljevic acknowledges the Serbian part of this GBD-related contribution was co-funded through Grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. P Jeemon was supported by a Clinical and Public Health intermediate fellowship (grant number IA/CPHI/14/1/501497) from the Wellcome Trust-Department of Biotechnology, India Alliance (2015-20). O John is a recipient of UIPA scholarship from University of New South Wales, Sydney. S V Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13, MC_UU_12017/15), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13, SPHSU15). C Kieling is a CNPq researcher and a UK Academy of Medical Sciences Newton Advanced Fellow. Y J Kim was supported by Research Management Office, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/00010). K Krishan is supported by UGC Centre of Advanced Study awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. M Kumar was supported by K43 TW 010716 FIC/NIMH. B Lacey acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. J V Lazarus was supported by a Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Miguel Servet grant (Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII]/ESF, the EU [CP18/00074]). K J Looker thanks the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Evaluation of Interventions at the University of Bristol, in partnership with Public Health England, for research support. S Lorkowski was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (nutriCARD, grant agreement number 01EA1808A). R A Lyons is supported by Health Data Research UK (HDR-9006), which is funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, NIHR (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation, and Wellcome Trust. J J McGrath is supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship), and the Queensland Health Department (via West Moreton HHS). P T N Memiah acknowledges support from CODESRIA. U O Mueller gratefully acknowledges funding by the German National Cohort Study BMBF grant number 01ER1801D. S Nomura acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (18K10082). A Ortiz was supported by ISCIII PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN RD016/0009 Fondos FEDER, FRIAT, Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2-CM. These funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication. S B Patten was supported by the Cuthbertson & Fischer Chair in Pediatric Mental Health at the University of Calgary. G C Patton was supported by an aNHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship. M R Phillips was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, number 81371502 and 81761128031). A Raggi, D Sattin, and S Schiavolin were supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Linea 4-Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche). P Rathi and B Unnikrishnan acknowledge Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. A L P Ribeiro was supported by Brazilian National Research Council, CNPq, and the Minas Gerais State Research Agency, FAPEMIG. D C Ribeiro was supported by The Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship (#18/111) Health Research Council of New Zealand. D Ribeiro acknowledges financial support from the EU (FEDER funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029253). P S Sachdev acknowledges funding from the NHMRC of Australia Program Grant. A M Samy was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. M M Santric-Milicevic acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract number 175087). R Sarmiento-Suarez received institutional support from Applied and Environmental Sciences University (Bogota, Colombia) and ISCIII (Madrid, Spain). A E Schutte received support from the South African National Research Foundation SARChI Initiative (GUN 86895) and Medical Research Council. S T S Skou is currently funded by a grant from Region Zealand (Exercise First) and a grant from the European Research Council under the EU's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement number 801790). J B Soriano is funded by Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII. R Tabares-Seisdedos was supported in part by the national grant PI17/00719 from ISCIII-FEDER. N Taveira was partially supported by the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, the EU (LIFE project, reference RIA2016MC-1615). S Tyrovolas was supported by the Foundation for Education and European Culture, the Sara Borrell postdoctoral programme (reference number CD15/00019 from ISCIII-FEDER). S B Zaman received a scholarship from the Australian Government research training programme in support of his academic career., "Peer Reviewed"
Published: 2020
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183. Assessment of the hemagglutinating activity of the Porcine orthorubulavirus

Author: Gabriel R. Campos-Montes, Humberto Ramírez-Mendoza, Erika Nayeli Salazar Jimenez, Tania Lucia Madrigal-Valencia, Héctor Castillo-Juárez, Blanca Espinosa, Francisco Rivera-Benítez, and Ricardo Rodrigo Albarrán-Rodriguez
Subjects: Male, Erythrocytes, General Veterinary, Swine, Immunology, Guinea Pigs, General Medicine, Hemagglutination Tests, Biology, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Dogs, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Cattle, Horses, Rabbits, Chickens, Mexico
Abstract: Blue eye disease (BED) in pigs is caused by Porcine orthorubulavirus (PRV) of the Paramyxoviridae family. It is an endemic disease in swine production in the central region of Mexico and causes nervous signs and high mortality in suckling pigs, pneumonia in growing pigs, orchitis in boars and mummification during gestation. PRV hemagglutinates most red blood cells (RBCs) of domestic species. For serological diagnosis, the hemagglutination inhibition test is used, and in this test, guinea pig, bovine and chicken RBCs have been commonly used. In this investigation, hemagglutination with PRV was evaluated using the RBCs of seven domestic species (chicken, bovine, horse, pig, dog, guinea pig and rabbit). In the hemagglutination test, the following parameters were evaluated: temperature (25 °C and 37 °C), bottoms of the wells (V and U), erythrocyte concentration (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%), and reading time (15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min). Significant differences (P 0.001) were found in most of the evaluated treatments. The best hemagglutination results were obtained with chicken, bovine and horse RBCs. The hemagglutination titer is higher (2 dilutions) when using chicken RBCs than when using bovine or horse RBCs. If chicken RBCs are used in the inhibition of hemagglutination, the test will be more sensitive, while it is more specific when bovine or horse RBCs are used. The hemagglutination readings are imprecise when using RBCs from dogs, pigs, guinea pigs and rabbits. RBCs from these species should not be used for the diagnosis or investigation of PRV.
Published: 2021

184. Threats to Endemic Colombian Freshwater Crabs (Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae, Trichodactylidae) Associated with Climate Change and Human-Mediated Activities

Author: Carlos A. Lasso, Gillian Phillips, David M. Hudson, and Martha R. Campos
Subjects: Trichodactylidae, Geography, biology, Ecology, Decapoda, Climate change, biology.organism_classification, Pseudothelphusidae
Published: 2021
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185. Interacción genotipo por ambiente en camarón blanco asociada a Síndrome de Mancha Blanca

Author: Nelson Cala-Moreno, Alejandra Caballero-Zamora, José Manuel Berruecos-Villalobos, Héctor Castillo-Juárez, and Gabriel R. Campos-Montes
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la interaccion genotipo por ambiente para peso corporal (PC) y supervivencia a cosecha (SC), en presencia y ausencia de Sindrome de Mancha Blanca (SMB) en dos lineas geneticas de Penaeus vannamei (Crecimiento -CRE- y resistencia a SMB -RES-). La heredabilidad para PC en la linea CRE fue 0.05 ± 0.16 en presencia de SMB y 0.35 ± 0.15 en ausencia, mientras que para la linea RES fueron 0.26 ± 0.07 y 0.49 ± 0.08 en presencia y ausencia de SMB, respectivamente. Las correlaciones geneticas para PC entre ambientes fueron -0.17 ± 0.60 para CRE y 0.89 ± 0.09 para RES. La heredabilidad para SC en CRE fue 0.01 en ambos ambientes y la correlacion genetica no fue estimable, mientras que, para RES, las heredabilidades fueron 0.06 ± 0.04 y 0.11 ± 0.06 en ausencia de y presencia de SMB, respectivamente, adicionalmente, la correlacion genetica no fue significativa. Aunque el modelo lineal sugiere una interaccion genotipo por ambiente, los estimados proponen independencia de la misma caracteristica entre ambientes y, las correlaciones entre caracteristicas para la linea de resistencia proponen seleccionar de manera independiente las caracteristicas cuando SMB este presente.
Published: 2021
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186. In Vitro Methodologies for Toxicological Assessment of Drug Delivery Nanocarriers

Author: Eliana B. Souto, Andréa Arruda Martins Shimojo, Ana R. Fernandes, Maria C. Teixeira, Carolina G. Rodrigues, Joana R. Campos, and Aleksandra Zielińska
Subjects: Test strategy, Safety profile, Disease therapy, Computer science, Drug delivery, In vitro toxicology, Biochemical engineering, Nanocarriers, In vitro cell culture, Drug transport
Abstract: Drug delivery nanocarriers (DDNCs) are very suitable systems in drug transport to site-specific targets. The physicochemical characteristics that make DDNCs promising systems for disease therapy can be also correlated with potential adverse effects. In the development of functional DDNCs, both efficacy and safety assessment are crucial. Until now, there is no established testing strategy to perform nanomaterial toxicological evaluation. Several in vitro cell culture models and testing protocols are commonly applied for the safety profile assessment of a nanocarrier; however, a large amount of disperse and conflicting data are generally provided in scientific literature. Thus, systematic research on the toxicological effects of nano-based systems is crucial due to their increasing development, production, and usage. This chapter highlights the critical aspects regarding nanotoxicity assessment, addressing the most important analytical strategies/techniques and endpoints, from the physicochemical properties’ characterization of DDNCs to their biological influence and behavior in cells and organisms.
Published: 2021
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187. Thermal biology of Tuta absoluta: demographic parameters and facultative diapause

Author: Nicolas Desneux, Abhijin Adiga, Philippe Béarez, Luigi Ponti, Andrew Paul Gutierrez, Antonio Biondi, Edwige Amiens-Desneux, Mateus R. Campos, de Campos, M. R., Bearez, P., Amiens-Desneux, E., Ponti, L., Gutierrez, A. P., Biondi, A., Adiga, A., Desneux, N., Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Casaccia Research Center, Department of Agricultural and Forest Systems Management - Center for the Analysis of Sustainable Agro-ecological Systems, Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Catania [Italy], University of Virginia, Project ASCII (FP7 IRSES) 318246, University of Catania 5A722192113, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) AID-OAA-L-15-00001, Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Kensington, CA, USA, European Project: 633999, European Project: 776467,MED-GOLD, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Università degli Studi della Calabria, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, and University of Virginia [Charlottesville]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Invasive pest, Entomology, Facultative, Phenotypic plasticity, Larva, fungi, Thermal biology, Zoology, Biology, Diapause, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pupa, 010602 entomology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Geographic variation, Tuta absoluta, Temperature thresholds, PEST analysis, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: International audience; The South American tomato pinworm,Tuta absoluta, (SATP) is now a devastating pest worldwide of crops in the family Solanaceae. Most prior studies of SATP's thermal biology were based on populations from tropical regions, and proved unsuitable for explaining its invasion of large areas of the Palearctic. A more holistic approach to the analysis of its thermal biology is essential background for developing models to assess its invasive potential. Our studies found that SATP has lower and upper thermal thresholds(theta(L) = 5.37 degrees C and theta(U)= 35.69 degrees C, respectively) than South American populations used in prior studies (theta(L)= 7.38 degrees C and theta(U)= 33.82 degrees C). Age-specific life tables were used to estimate the effects of temperature on its demographic parameters. Diapause in SATP had not been characterized prior to our study. We found facultative diapause in pupae developing from larvae exposed to relatively low temperatures (i.e., 2 and 5 degrees C) and short-day length for different exposure periods. The strength of diapause was measured as an increase in post-treatment developmental times of pupae (i.e., degree days) that on average were 2.45-3-fold greater than of pupae reared at favorable temperatures. A lower developmental threshold and a facultative diapause increase the invasive potential of SATP in temperate areas. Knowledge of this thermal biology is essential for predicting the potential geographic spread of this pest and to develop management and control strategies.
Published: 2021
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188. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzo[f]indole-4,9-diones N-Linked to Carbohydrate Chains as New Type of Antitumor Agents

Author: Vitor F. Ferreira, Vinícius R. Campos, Yasmin K. C. de Castro, Flaviana R. F. Dias, Anna C. Cunha, Fabiana Sélos Guerra, Fernanda Alves Lima, and Patricia Dias Fernandes
Subjects: quinone, Indole test, benzo[f]indole-4, Chemistry, Stereochemistry, naphthoquinone, General Chemistry, Carbohydrate, Quinone, Lytic cycle, carbohydrate, Cell culture, 9-dione, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, antitumor activity, Doxorubicin, IC50, medicine.drug
Abstract: In this work, we report the synthesis of three series of carbohydrate-based benzo[f]indole-4,9-diones and amino-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives and evaluated their cytotoxic activity against eight human cancer cell lines. Several compounds showed a promising cytotoxic activity toward the tumor cell lines (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) < 10.0 μM). The importance of the substitution pattern of the quinone derivatives on the antitumor activity was also discussed. 3-Carboethoxy-2-methyl-benzo[f]indole-4,9-dione derivatives were more cytotoxic than their parent compounds and amino-1,4-naphthoquinones. Unlike clinically useful anticancer agent doxorubicin, the majority of synthesized compounds did not exhibit any lytic effects against erythrocytes or normal human leukocytes.
Published: 2021
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189. OS EQUIPAMENTOS PÚBLICOS DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL – REGIÃO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ

Author: F. R. Campos
Published: 2021
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190. Impact of low temperature and host plant on Tuta absoluta

Author: Philippe Béarez, Marianne A. Soares, Nicolas Desneux, Antonio Biondi, James D. Harwood, Mateus R. Campos, Edwige Amiens-Desneux, Luigi Ponti, Campos, M. R., Amiens-Desneux, E., Bearez, P., Soares, M. A., Ponti, L., Biondi, A., Harwood, J. D., and Desneux, N.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, invasive pest, oviposition preference, tomato pinworm, 15. Life on land, Biology, Solanum nigrum, tomato, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, low-temperature exposure, Solanum lycopersicum, Insect Science, Botany, Tuta absoluta, oligophagous insect, black nightshade, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Solanaceae, life table parameters, alternative host
Abstract: Alternative host plants are among the key factors influencing the spread of invasive pests because they are utilized as a food source and provide shelter in unfavorable conditions. The South American tomato pinworm (SATP), Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), has a high behavioral and physiological plasticity enabling it to rapidly spread in several countries. Among the multiple strategies used by SATP in the invasion process is the use of alternative host plants including black nightshade (BNS), Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae), a perennial plant widely distributed across all habitats worldwide. Besides the life table and behavioral parameters of SATP on tomato, its survival and reproduction in low temperatures on alternative host plants should be assessed to evaluate the likely spread in temperate regions with harsh winters. In our study, comparing solanaceous species through generations, the primary difference was in the mean generation time with SATP reared on BNS, whereby it had a longer development time than larvae and pupae reared on tomato plants. Adults preferred tomato plants even if they had been reared as larvae on BNS. Exposure periods of 7, 14, and 21days to 4 °C indicated that more than 50% of SATP pupae reared on BNS plants survived more than 14days. The survival of SATP reared on tomato plants exceeded 21days and after exposure to 4 °C, females reared on both plants remained fertile. The life table and behavioral parameters recorded demonstrated a significant potential of BNS to support the development of SATP, also at low temperature. Therefore, even with effective border surveillance and phytosanitation processes in place, invasion through an alternative host is possible and difficult to detect.
Published: 2021

191. Selective AMPK activator leads to unfolded protein response downregulation and induces breast cancer cell death and autophagy

Author: Amanda Rodrigues Pinto Costa, Fernanda da C. S. Boechat, Anna C. Cunha, Mauro Sola-Penna, Ricardo Imbroisi Filho, Patricia Zancan, Angélica Lauria Nascimento Mello, Vinícius R. Campos, Fernanda S. Sagrillo, Alan Gonçalves de Souza, and Maria Cecília B. V. de Souza
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Enzyme Activators, Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptosis, Breast Neoplasms, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, medicine, Autophagy, Biomarkers, Tumor, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Cell Proliferation, Activator (genetics), Chemistry, AMPK, General Medicine, Metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030104 developmental biology, Mechanism of action, Cancer cell, Unfolded protein response, Cancer research, Unfolded Protein Response, Female, medicine.symptom, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Aims AMPK plays a critical role regulating cell metabolism, growth and survival. Interfering with this enzyme activity has been extensively studied as putative mechanism for cancer therapy. The present work aims to identify a specific AMPK activator for cancer cells among a series of novel heterocyclic compounds. Materials and methods A series of novel hybrid heterocyclic compounds, namely naphtoquinone-4-oxoquinoline and isoquinoline-5,8-quinone-4-oxoquinoline derivatives, were synthesized via Michael reaction and their structures confirmed by spectral data: infrared; 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy (COSY, HSQC, HMBC); and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The novel compounds were screened and tested for antitumoral activity and have part of their mechanism of action scrutinized. Key findings Here, we identified a selective AMPK activator among the new hybrid heterocyclic compounds. This new compound presents selective cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells but not on non-cancer counterparts. We identified that by specifically activating AMPK in cancer cells, the drug downregulates unfolded protein response pathway, as well as inhibits mTOR signaling. Significance These effects, that are selective for cancer cells, lead to activation of autophagy and, ultimately, to cancer cells death. Taken together, our data support the promising anticancer activity of this novel compound which is a strong modulator of metabolism.
Published: 2020

192. Agroecosystem and rural tourism: Bibliometric analysis and its conceptual relationship from 2014 to 2020

Author: Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, R. Campos-Pulido, Felipe Gallardo-López, Juan Valente Hidalgo-Contreras, and Cesáreo Landeros-Sánchez
Subjects: Agroecosystem, Bibliometric analysis, Geography, Rural tourism, Regional science, General Medicine
Abstract: Objective: Analyze scientific papers close linked to the concepts of agroecosystems, rural tourism and its conceptual relationship. Design/methodology/approach: A search of papers published from 2014 up to 2020 in Science Direct (https://www.sciencedirect.com) was conducted, using key words related to the agroecosystem concept and rural tourism. Later, a bibliometric and text analysis was performed. Results: The concept of agroecosystems has been dynamic through time and related to other disciplines. However, research relating this concept with rural tourism is scarce. Limitations of the study/implication: Research proposals on agroecosystems associated to rural tourism are limited. Findings/Conclusions: Papers with the conceptual evolution of agroecosystems integrating rural tourism are scarce. So, it is suggested to study the agroecosystem in its different aspects, but considering their cultural and historical basis
Published: 2020
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193. Renal Sensory Activity Regulates the γ-Aminobutyric Acidergic Inputs to the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus in Goldblatt Hypertension

Author: Maycon I.O. Milanez, Ruy R. Campos, Cássia T. Bergamaschi, Amanda C Veiga, Erika E. Nishi, Roberto B. Pontes, and Beatriz S. Martins
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, renovascular hypertension, Physiology, urologic and male genital diseases, lcsh:Physiology, Renovascular hypertension, neuroinflammation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, renal denervation, Microinjection, Neuroinflammation, Vasomotor, lcsh:QP1-981, business.industry, Brief Research Report, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Muscimol, chemistry, nervous system, Hypothalamus, Reflex, GABAergic, business, afferent innervation, γ-aminobutyric acid
Abstract: Renal sensory activity is centrally integrated within brain nuclei involved in the control of cardiovascular function, suggesting that renal afferents regulate basal and reflex sympathetic vasomotor activity. Evidence has shown that renal deafferentation (DAx) evokes a hypotensive and sympathoinhibitory effect in experimental models of cardiovascular diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in this phenomenon need to be clarified, especially those related to central aspects. We aimed to investigate the role of renal afferents in the control of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inputs to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus in renovascular hypertensive (2K1C) rats and their influence in the regulation of cardiovascular function. Hypertension was induced by clipping the left renal artery. After 4 weeks, renal DAx was performed by exposing the left renal nerve to a 33 mM capsaicin solution for 15 min. After 2 weeks of DAx, microinjection of muscimol into the PVN was performed in order to evaluate the influence of GABAergic activity in the PVN and its contribution to the control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) and blood pressure (BP). Muscimol microinjected into the PVN triggered a higher drop in BP and rSNA in the 2K1C rats and renal DAx mitigated these responses. These results suggest that renal afferents are involved in the GABAergic changes found in the PVN of 2K1C rats. Although the functional significance of this phenomenon needs to be clarified, it is reasonable to speculate that GABAergic alterations occur to mitigate microglia activation-induced sympathoexcitation in the PVN of 2K1C rats.
Published: 2020
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194. Mineralization constraints on the origin of polymetallic (Pb, Ag, Zn, Cu, Au) deposits hosted in the metasedimentary Lajeado Group, Southern Ribeira Belt, Brazil

Author: Francisco K. R. Campos, Anderson Soares da Silva, Ligia Maria de Almeida Leite Ribeiro, Elizete Domingues Salvador, Angela Pacheco Lopes, and Maria Jose Maluf de Mesquita
Subjects: Arsenopyrite, Mineralization (geology), Chalcopyrite, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geochemistry, fault zones, engineering.material, carbonate rocks, polymetallic mineralization, Petrography, ore controls, lcsh:Geology, Mineral exploration, Sphalerite, Galena, visual_art, engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Carbonate rock, Geology, Southern Ribeira Belt
Abstract: The sediment-hosted polymetallic (Pb, Zn, Ag, Au-Cu) mineralization of the Vale do Ribeira Mineral District has been known since the beginning of the 20th century, but exploration was interrupted just before the turn of the century. The Vale do Ribeira Mineral District is part of the Southern Ribeira Belt, developed during the Brasiliano-Pan African orogeny. Polymetallic mineralization is mainly hosted in metalimestones of the Lajeado Group, a typical platform carbonate sequence of a passive margin, which has been deformed during the Gondwana assembly. The region has a gap of research since the mines were closed, which justifies new projects on their mineral economic potential. Fieldwork, petrographic and geochemical analyses were developed in five currently inactive mines (Panelas, Barrinha, Rocha, Lajeado, and Furnas) and their surroundings, along with the description of a drill core executed in the 1980s. The main type of ore consists of polymetallic fault-fill veins of massive sulfide, which are composed essentially by argentiferous galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, and chalcopyrite. The highest ore grades were obtained from samples in the Panelas Mine, with contents of up to 35% lead, 5% zinc, > 1% copper and 564 ppm silver, as well as 23% iron. New ore occurrences were described in a secondary gallery of the Barrinha Mine, whose gold grades reached up to 5,630 ppb. The main controls of the mineralization are lithological - since the ore occurs exclusively in carbonate rocks, irrespective of the geological unit - and structural, related to NE high-angle strike-slip fault zones, including evidence of fault-valve behavior. Fault zones as the main control of the polymetallic veins is an innovative interpretation, increasing the perspectives for mineral exploration in the area. Although they are small deposits, the presented data indicate that the region has potential for new discoveries and that the mined deposits are probably not exhausted.
Published: 2020

195. Nanomedicines for Ocular NSAIDs: State-of-the-Art Update of the Safety on Drug Delivery

Author: Joana R. Campos, Marta Espina, Joana Araújo, M.A. Egea, Maria Luisa García, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Eliana B. Souto, E. González-Mira, and Selma B. Souto
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Drug delivery, medicine, State (computer science), Intensive care medicine, business
Published: 2020
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196. ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DOS PRINCÍPIOS LEAN NA PRODUTIVIDADE DA MÃO-DE-OBRA DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

Author: Matheus G. S. de Sousa, Vanessa R. Campos, and Francisco W. F. Maciel
Abstract: A pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar, por meio de revisão sistemática, a influência de técnicas, práticas e ferramentas lean construction na produtividade de mão-de-obra da construção civil. Utilizou-se o software start para definição de parâmetros de pesquisa, seleção e extração de trabalhos, resultando na análise de 16 artigos. Em geral, a pesquisa demonstrou que a implementação do lean construction no canteiro de obras promove o aumento da produtividade da mão-de-obra, comprovando-se a influência benéfica da aplicação do pensamento enxuto na construção civil.
Published: 2020
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197. Detrimental sublethal effects hamper the effective use of natural and chemical pesticides in combination with a key natural enemy of Bemisia tabaci on tomato

Author: Marcelo Mendes Haro, Marianne A. Soares, Antonio Biondi, Luis C. Passos, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho, Lucia Zappalà, Nicolas Desneux, Anne-Violette Lavoir, Mateus R. Campos, Federal University of Lavras, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Catania [Italy], Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) 88881.132785/2016-2101, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ), IPM Innovation Lab AID-OAA-14-000018, European Project: 633999,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,EUCLID(2015), European Project: 618127,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,ARIMNET2(2014), Universidade Federal de Lavras = Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, biological control, Whitefly, 01 natural sciences, Predation, ecotoxicology, Toxicology, Hemiptera, chemistry.chemical_compound, Solanum lycopersicum, whitefly, Animals, 2. Zero hunger, Pyrethroid, biology, integrated pest management, predatory mirids, General Medicine, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, Miridae, 010602 entomology, chemistry, Insect Science, Predatory Behavior, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PEST analysis, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Background Bemisia tabaci(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) represents one of the greatest threats to agricultural crops. Chemical control is the primary tool used in integrated pest management (IPM) programs. However, release of the predatorNesidiocoris tenuis(Hemiptera: Miridae) on tomato plants is a highly recommended control tactic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial borax plus citrus oil (BCO) product againstB. tabaciin the presence and absence ofN. tenuis. The synthetic insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin was used as a positive control. We also evaluated the sublethal effects of BCO on the behavior and predation rate ofN. tenuis. Results Our results demonstrated that BCO, alone and at its maximum recommended field rate forB. tabaci, was not effective in controlling the pest under laboratory conditions. Application of BCO simultaneous withN. tenuisrelease did not reduce the increase in theB. tabacipopulation. Effective control ofB. tabaciwas achieved using onlyN. tenuis. However, synthetic lambda-cyhalothrin pyrethroid, used here as a control, caused high pest mortality and led to on-site extinction ofN. tenuis, which did not occur for insects exposed to BCO. Lambda-cyhalothrin and BCO significantly affected the foraging behavior ofN. tenuis, reducing the predation rate, especially following exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin. Conclusion The insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin achieved satisfactory results in suppressingB. tabaci, but was harmful toN. tenuis. Additionally, lambda-cyhalothrin and BCO affected predator behavior.
Published: 2020
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198. Response to Host Volatiles by Native and Introduced Populations of Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in North America and China

Author: Erbilgin, N., Mori, S. R., Sun, J. H., Stein, J. D., Owen, D. R., Merrill, L. D., Bolaños, R. Campos, Raffa, K. F., Montiel, T. Méndez, Wood, D. L., and Gillette, N. E.
Published: 2007
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199. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author: Gregory A. Roth, George A. Mensah, Catherine O. Johnson, Giovanni Addolorato, Enrico Ammirati, Larry M. Baddour, Noël C. Barengo, Andrea Z. Beaton, Emelia J. Benjamin, Catherine P. Benziger, Aimé Bonny, Michael Brauer, Marianne Brodmann, Thomas J. Cahill, Jonathan Carapetis, Alberico L. Catapano, Sumeet S. Chugh, Leslie T. Cooper, Josef Coresh, Michael Criqui, Nicole DeCleene, Kim A. Eagle, Sophia Emmons-Bell, Valery L. Feigin, Joaquim Fernández-Solà, Gerry Fowkes, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott M. Grundy, Feng J. He, George Howard, Frank Hu, Lesley Inker, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Nicholas Kassebaum, Walter Koroshetz, Carl Lavie, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Hong S. Lu, Antonio Mirijello, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Ali Mokdad, Andrew E. Moran, Paul Muntner, Jagat Narula, Bruce Neal, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Glaucia Moraes de Oliveira, Catherine Otto, Mayowa Owolabi, Michael Pratt, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Marissa Reitsma, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Nancy Rigotti, Anthony Rodgers, Craig Sable, Saate Shakil, Karen Sliwa-Hahnle, Benjamin Stark, Johan Sundström, Patrick Timpel, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Marco Valgimigli, Theo Vos, Paul K. Whelton, Magdi Yacoub, Liesl Zuhlke, Christopher Murray, Valentin Fuster, Noel C. Barengo, Andrea Beaton, Aime Bonny, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Sumeet Chugh, Michael H. Criqui, Nicole K. DeCleene, Joaquim Fernández-Sola, F. Gerry R. Fowkes, Nicholas J. Kassebaum, Walter J. Koroshetz, Awoke T. Misganaw, Ali H. Mokdad, Gláucia M.M. Oliveira, Catherine M. Otto, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Marissa B. Reitsma, Nancy A. Rigotti, Craig A. Sable, Saate S. Shakil, Karen Sliwa, Benjamin A. Stark, Imad I. Tleyjeh, Liesl J. Zuhlke, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Alireza Abdi, Aidin Abedi, Victor Aboyans, Woldu A. Abrha, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Abdelrahman I. Abushouk, Dilaram Acharya, Tim Adair, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Zanfina Ademi, Shailesh M. Advani, Khashayar Afshari, Ashkan Afshin, Gina Agarwal, Pradyumna Agasthi, Sohail Ahmad, Sepideh Ahmadi, Muktar B. Ahmed, Budi Aji, Yonas Akalu, Wuraola Akande-Sholabi, Addis Aklilu, Chisom J. Akunna, Fares Alahdab, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Khalid F. Alhabib, Sheikh M. Alif, Vahid Alipour, Syed M. Aljunid, François Alla, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Sami Almustanyir, Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi, Adeladza K. Amegah, Saeed Amini, Arya Aminorroaya, Hubert Amu, Dickson A. Amugsi, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, Tudorel Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Zelalem A. Anteneh, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Benny Antony, Razique Anwer, Lambert T. Appiah, Jalal Arabloo, Johan Ärnlöv, Kurnia D. Artanti, Zerihun Ataro, Marcel Ausloos, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Asma T. Awan, Mamaru A. Awoke, Henok T. Ayele, Muluken A. Ayza, Samad Azari, Darshan B. B, Nafiseh Baheiraei, Atif A. Baig, Ahad Bakhtiari, Maciej Banach, Palash C. Banik, Emerson A. Baptista, Miguel A. Barboza, Lingkan Barua, Sanjay Basu, Neeraj Bedi, Yannick Béjot, Derrick A. Bennett, Isabela M. Bensenor, Adam E. Berman, Yihienew M. Bezabih, Akshaya S. Bhagavathula, Sonu Bhaskar, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Mulugeta M. Birhanu, Archith Boloor, Luisa C. Brant, Hermann Brenner, Nikolay I. Briko, Zahid A. Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Leah E. Cahill, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Luis A. Cámera, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Carlos Cantu-Brito, Josip Car, Juan J. Carrero, Felix Carvalho, Carlos A. Castañeda-Orjuela, Ferrán Catalá-López, Ester Cerin, Jaykaran Charan, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Simiao Chen, Ken L. Chin, Jee-Young J. Choi, Dinh-Toi Chu, Sheng-Chia Chung, Massimo Cirillo, Sean Coffey, Sara Conti, Vera M. Costa, David K. Cundiff, Omid Dadras, Baye Dagnew, Xiaochen Dai, Albertino A.M. Damasceno, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Kairat Davletov, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Fernando P. De la Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Meseret Derbew Molla, Behailu T. Derseh, Rupak Desai, Günther Deuschl, Samath D. Dharmaratne, Meghnath Dhimal, Raja Ram Dhungana, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Daniel Diaz, Shirin Djalalinia, Klara Dokova, Abdel Douiri, Bruce B. Duncan, Andre R. Duraes, Arielle W. Eagan, Sanam Ebtehaj, Aziz Eftekhari, Sahar Eftekharzadeh, Michael Ekholuenetale, Nevine El Nahas, Islam Y. Elgendy, Muhammed Elhadi, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Sadaf Esteghamati, Atkilt E. Etisso, Oghenowede Eyawo, Ibtihal Fadhil, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Pawan S. Faris, Medhat Farwati, Farshad Farzadfar, Eduarda Fernandes, Carlota Fernandez Prendes, Pietro Ferrara, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, David Flood, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M. Gad, Shilpa Gaidhane, Morsaleh Ganji, Jalaj Garg, Abadi K. Gebre, Birhan G. Gebregiorgis, Kidane Z. Gebregzabiher, Gebreamlak G. Gebremeskel, Lemma Getacher, Abera Getachew Obsa, Alireza Ghajar, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Nermin Ghith, Simona Giampaoli, Syed Amir Gilani, Paramjit S. Gill, Richard F. Gillum, Ekaterina V. Glushkova, Elena V. Gnedovskaya, Mahaveer Golechha, Kebebe B. Gonfa, Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Alessandra C. Goulart, Jenny S. Guadamuz, Avirup Guha, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Vladimir Hachinski, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Teklehaimanot G. Haile, Randah R. Hamadeh, Samer Hamidi, Graeme J. Hankey, Arief Hargono, Risky K. Hartono, Maryam Hashemian, Abdiwahab Hashi, Shoaib Hassan, Hamid Y. Hassen, Rasmus J. Havmoeller, Simon I. Hay, Khezar Hayat, Golnaz Heidari, Claudiu Herteliu, Ramesh Holla, Mostafa Hosseini, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Sorin Hostiuc, Mowafa Househ, Junjie Huang, Ayesha Humayun, Ivo Iavicoli, Charles U. Ibeneme, Segun E. Ibitoye, Olayinka S. Ilesanmi, Irena M. Ilic, Milena D. Ilic, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina N. Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rakibul M. Islam, Hiroyasu Iso, Masao Iwagami, Vardhmaan Jain, Tahereh Javaheri, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Shubha Jayaram, Ranil Jayawardena, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Ravi P. Jha, Jost B. Jonas, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek J. Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Ali Kabir, Tanvir Kahlon, Rizwan Kalani, Rohollah Kalhor, Ashwin Kamath, Ibrahim Kamel, Himal Kandel, Amit Kandel, André Karch, Ayele Semachew Kasa, Patrick D.M.C. Katoto, Gbenga A. Kayode, Yousef S. Khader, Mohammad Khammarnia, Muhammad S. Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Maseer Khan, Ejaz A. Khan, Khaled Khatab, Gulam M.A. Kibria, Yun Jin Kim, Gyu Ri Kim, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Mika Kivimäki, Dhaval Kolte, Ali Koolivand, Vladimir A. Korshunov, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Vaman Kulkarni, G. Anil Kumar, Nithin Kumar, Om P. Kurmi, Dian Kusuma, Gene F. Kwan, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Tea Lallukka, Qing Lan, Savita Lasrado, Zohra S. Lassi, Paolo Lauriola, Wayne R. Lawrence, Avula Laxmaiah, Kate E. LeGrand, Ming-Chieh Li, Bingyu Li, Shanshan Li, Stephen S. Lim, Lee-Ling Lim, Hualiang Lin, Ziqiang Lin, Ro-Ting Lin, Xuefeng Liu, Alan D. Lopez, Stefan Lorkowski, Paulo A. Lotufo, Alessandra Lugo, Nirmal K. M, Fabiana Madotto, Morteza Mahmoudi, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Ahmad A. Malik, Abdullah A. Mamun, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Santi Martini, Manu R. Mathur, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Suresh Mehata, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Toni Meier, Ritesh G. Menezes, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Bartosz Miazgowski, Tomasz Miazgowski, Irmina Maria Michalek, Ted R. Miller, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Hamed Mirzaei, Babak Moazen, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Yousef Mohammad, Dara K. Mohammad, Shafiu Mohammed, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Yaser Mokhayeri, Mariam Molokhia, Ahmed A. Montasir, Ghobad Moradi, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Paula Moraga, Lidia Morawska, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Jakub Morze, Sumaira Mubarik, Walter Muruet, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ahamarshan J. Nagarajan, Mahdi Nalini, Vinay Nangia, Atta Abbas Naqvi, Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy, Bruno R. Nascimento, Vinod C. Nayak, Javad Nazari, Milad Nazarzadeh, Ruxandra I. Negoi, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Huong L.T. Nguyen, Molly R. Nixon, Bo Norrving, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Brice E. Nouthe, Christoph Nowak, Oluwakemi O. Odukoya, Felix A. Ogbo, Andrew T. Olagunju, Hans Orru, Alberto Ortiz, Samuel M. Ostroff, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Raffaele Palladino, Adrian Pana, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Utsav Parekh, Eun-Cheol Park, Mojtaba Parvizi, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Urvish K. Patel, Mona Pathak, Rajan Paudel, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Norberto Perico, Hai Q. Pham, Thomas Pilgrim, Michael A. Piradov, Farhad Pishgar, Vivek Podder, Roman V. Polibin, Akram Pourshams, Dimas R.A. Pribadi, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Ivo Rakovac, Pradhum Ram, Sudha Ramalingam, Juwel Rana, Priyanga Ranasinghe, Sowmya J. Rao, Priya Rathi, Lal Rawal, Wasiq F. Rawasia, Reza Rawassizadeh, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Andre M.N. Renzaho, Aziz Rezapour, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ross L. Roberts-Thomson, Leonardo Roever, Peter Rohloff, Michele Romoli, Gholamreza Roshandel, Godfrey M. Rwegerera, Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Maha M. Saber-Ayad, Siamak Sabour, Simona Sacco, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Saeed Safari, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Sana Salehi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Mehrnoosh Samaei, Abdallah M. Samy, Itamar S. Santos, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Arash Sarveazad, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Monika Sawhney, Mete Saylan, Maria I. Schmidt, Aletta E. Schutte, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Feng Sha, Saeed Shahabi, Izza Shahid, Masood A. Shaikh, Mahdi Shamali, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon, Aziz Sheikh, Mika Shigematsu, Min-Jeong Shin, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Ivy Shiue, Kerem Shuval, Soraya Siabani, Tariq J. Siddiqi, Diego A.S. Silva, Jasvinder A. Singh, Ambrish Singh Mtech, Valentin Y. Skryabin, Anna A. Skryabina, Amin Soheili, Emma E. Spurlock, Leo Stockfelt, Stefan Stortecky, Saverio Stranges, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Hooman Tadbiri, Eyayou G. Tadesse, Degena B. Tadesse, Masih Tajdini, Md Tariqujjaman, Berhane F. Teklehaimanot, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Ayenew K. Tesema, Bhaskar Thakur, Kavumpurathu R. Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Amanda G. Thrift, Binod Timalsina, Marcello Tonelli, Mathilde Touvier, Marcos R. Tovani-Palone, Avnish Tripathi, Jaya P. Tripathy, Thomas C. Truelsen, Guesh M. Tsegay, Gebiyaw W. Tsegaye, Nikolaos Tsilimparis, Biruk S. Tusa, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Krishna Kishore Umapathi, Brigid Unim, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Muhammad S. Usman, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pascual R. Valdez, Tommi J. Vasankari, Diana Z. Velazquez, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Giang T. Vu, Isidora S. Vujcic, Yasir Waheed, Yanzhong Wang, Fang Wang, Jingkai Wei, Robert G. Weintraub, Abrha H. Weldemariam, Ronny Westerman, Andrea S. Winkler, Charles S. Wiysonge, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Befikadu Legesse Wubishet, Gelin Xu, Ali Yadollahpour, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Lijing L. Yan, Srikanth Yandrapalli, Yuichiro Yano, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Tomas Y. Yeheyis, Yigizie Yeshaw, Christopher S. Yilgwan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Geevar Zachariah, Sojib Bin Zaman, Muhammed S. Zaman, Maryam Zamanian, Ramin Zand, Alireza Zandifar, Afshin Zarghi, Mikhail S. Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Wangjian Zhang, Chenwen Zhong, Zhiyong Zou, Yves Miel H. Zuniga, and Christopher J.L. Murray
Subjects: BMI, body mass index, GBD, Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, IS, ischemic stroke, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MV, mitral valve, SDI, sociodemographic index, Global Health, UI, uncertainty interval, Global Burden of Disease, GBD-NHLBI-JACC Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Writing Group, 0302 clinical medicine, Cost of Illness, LDL, low-density lipoprotein, Case fatality rate, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, IKF, impaired kidney function, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Incidence (epidemiology), Health Policy, IHD, ischemic heart disease, 1. No poverty, AC, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, 3. Good health, HICs, high-income countries, Cardiovascular Diseases, DALYs, disability-adjusted life years, TMREL, theoretical minimum risk exposure level, Public Health, HHD, hypertensive heart disease, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, AF, atrial fibrillation, Population health, CVD, cardiovascular disease, LMICs, low- and middle-income countries, PM, particulate matter, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 03 medical and health sciences, JACC State-of-the-Art Review, RHD, rheumatic heart disease, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, LPA, low physical activity, YLLs, years of life lost, Health policy, Disease burden, PAD, peripheral artery disease, business.industry, SBP, systolic blood pressure, Public health, CKD, chronic kidney disease, The Present and Future, AFL, atrial flutter, Correction, HAP, household air pollution, ICD, International Classification of Diseases, CAVD, calcific aortic valve disease, YLDs, years lived with disability, Years of potential life lost, CHA, congenital heart anomalies, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Heart Disease Risk Factors, business, population health
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases., Central Illustration, Highlights • The burden of CVD, in number of DALYs and deaths, continues to increase globally. • CVD burden attributable to modifiable risk factors continues to increase globally. • Countries should invest in existing cost-effective public health programs and clinical interventions to target modifiable risks, promote healthy aging across the lifespan, and reduce disability and premature death due to CVD.
Published: 2020

200. Modal Analysis on a Wind Turbine Blade Based on Wind Tunnel Experiments

Author: R. Campos-Amezcua, R. Gomez-Martinez, L. G. Trujillo-Franco, and H. F. Abundis-Fong
Subjects: Operational Modal Analysis, Data acquisition, Modal, Turbine blade, Computer science, law, Acoustics, Modal analysis, Time domain, Laser Doppler vibrometer, Wind tunnel, law.invention
Abstract: This paper describes the evaluation of a time domain algebraic modal parameters identification methodology. This methodology is applied on a wind turbine blade. The natural frequencies and modal damping factors associated to the blade are estimated from measurements of velocities. A comparison with usual modal identification techniques is performed in order to evaluate and establish the main contributions of the proposed approach. The modal parameter identification algorithms are implemented to run (but not limited to) on a Matlab platform running in a PC using measurements obtained from a laser vibrometer and the corresponding data acquisition system. The results show the performance and parametric estimation of the proposed algebraic identification approach.
Published: 2020
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