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As the level of project complexity also increases the pace of change in business and technology continues to accelerate. The adoption of Industrie 4.0 technologies by most sectors and specifically by the transport logistics sector, means that products and processes will be evolving at a more rapid pace and as a result the lifecycle of things we use and rely on is getting shorter. There is clearly a need to improve the rate of successful project execution. This paper investigates the existence of project management and systems engineering elements in selected projects with a view that specific focus on one element over the other is more likely to lead to project failure.

When project execution is finished, all committed outputs become available to project customers—who are then able to participate in the execution of one or more downstream processes. The execution of downstream processes takes place in an operational (as distinct from project) environment. All going well, this will lead to the generation of the target outcomes which drove the original funding decision. It is possible, however, that target outcomes may not be realised as anticipated. This overlay of operational risk arises from a myriad of identified and unidentified threats associated with the execution of the project’s downstream processes. To manage this risk, we take an early portion of the operational environment and treat it as a fourth global phase of the project—called “outcomes realisation”.

In this chapter the authors focus on project management skills. Donators are expecting more and more professionalism in the way the projects they are financing are managed. Here project management is structured in six parts: Defining projects and their characteristics, project initiation, project planning, project execution, project closure and review, as well as best practice advice. Both best and worst practice are used to highlight the most important takeaways.

Nowadays, the role of project management (PM) as a prerequisite for successful project execution is globally acknowledged. Several PM frameworks have been introduced during the last years to help project managers and project stakeholders to understand their role in projects, to make them be aware of their expected operations, and to systematically guide their actions during project execution. The dominant PM frameworks as well as their similarities and differences are presented with emphasis given to PM body of knowledge guide. Furthermore, the notion and the dimensions of complexity in projects in general and in software projects in particular with its implications in PM are presented.

A flow-shop construction scheduling – especially for a higher number of tasks projected – requires the use of metaheuristic algorithms to find the optimal schedule. The criteria of optimality may vary as well as constraints assumed for the schedule. The paper presents base rules of the flow-shop scheduling as well as the methods of making the work of engaged brigades continuous. When the cost of work execution is analyzed, it can occur that the optimal schedule understood as providing the shortest total time of project execution or the shortest total slack times of working brigades is not the cheapest solution. The following cost generators are taken into account: a daily cost of each brigade (working or waiting for the work), the technology applied to work execution, penalties for not keeping the milestones. The model of a time-cost evaluation of the flow-shop time schedule is formulated, analyzed and discussed. For the illustration of the presented model, the exemplary flow-shop time schedule with some constraints assumed is analyzed with and without the lowest cost as a criterion of optimality.

Este artigo trata da metodologia da pesquisa voltada à elaboração de atlas linguísticos. Apresenta: (i) uma sistematização das etapas da execução de um projeto de atlas segundo as tarefas técnicas dos diferentes agentes envolvidos; (ii) uma proposta de uma técnica inédita — chamada ‘técnica de efeito tríplice’ — referente à elicitação de dados semântico-lexicais, à sua etiquetagem e à sua cartografação; e (iii) uma classificação de juízos metalinguísticos/epilinguísticos e etnográficos emitidos pelos informantes em inquérito semântico-lexical. Adicionalmente, propõe-se um modelo de elicitação semântico-lexical de estrutura algorítmica.

Digital Competences mediate the population of vulnerable Latin American contexts. In these there is the need to expand social communication as a way of learning and self-improvement. This research proposes to determine the effects of transfer of digital competences in two types of interaction: university students-adults, adults-schoolchildren. Therefore, two groups of individuals participate in two experimental phases of didactic transfer through the use of social networks, based on the execution of a Research Seed Project and another Project of Professional Practices of Social Responsibility in vulnerable contexts. We found effectiveness in the transfer of Digital Competences in both cases during more than six months of project execution. We report greater predisposition for the acquisition of information, communication, self-evaluation and access to information in adults. The schoolchildren managed to reinforce their skills to apply Digital Safety and Problem Solving, improving notably in this group. This program is seen as part of the improvement of teaching that every school needs as a means of curricular strengthening, whether they are teachers of advanced age or students of the primary stage. We believe that these skills will open up to the professional world with better visionary prospects for developing countries. Lima Norte Escuela Profesional de Educación Primaria

ABC Company is an agent of network construction, operation, and maintenance. ABC Company is currently implementing the STTF (Shit to the Front) project, which is the project to add FTTH (Fiber to the Home) networks in areas that can have high customer demand. One of the STTF project construction sites is the Indra Prahasta II housing location. However, the project is currently experiencing work delays due to the Covid-19 disaster in Indonesia. Delays in project execution can result in potential prospects choosing another company that provides similar services. The project schedule can be accelerated using the crashing method and TCTO (Time Cost Trade-Off) analysis to solve this problem. This research's acceleration will be carried out with alternatives for adding 3 hours, 2 hours, 1 hour, and an alternative to increasing workers' number. This project has an average duration of 55 working days with a total cost of Rp 604,124,460. The results obtained from data processing, on the alternative of adding 1 hour of overtime work, the total duration becomes 54 working days with total project cost is Rp 605,734,138. In addition to 2 hours of overtime work, the project's total duration can be reduced to 54 days with a total project cost Rp 606,803,619. And for the addition of 3 hours overtime, the total duration can be shortened to 54 days with a total cost of Rp 606,803,619. As for increasing the number of workers, project work duration can be shortened to 54 working days with a total project cost Rp 604,556,748

Context. Among the static analysis tools available, SonarQube is one of the most used. SonarQube detects Technical Debt (TD) items—i.e., violations of coding rules—and then estimates TD as the time needed to remedy TD items. However, practitioners are still skeptical about the accuracy of remediation time estimated by the tool. Objective. In this paper, we analyze both diffuseness of TD items and accuracy of remediation time, estimated by SonarQube, to fix TD items on a set of 21 open-source Java projects. Method. We designed and conducted a case study where we asked 81 junior developers to fix TD items and reduce the TD of 21 projects. Results. We observed that TD items are diffused in the analyzed projects and most items are code smells. Moreover, the results point out that the remediation time estimated by SonarQube is inaccurate and, as compared to the actual time spent to fix TD items, is in most cases overestimated. Conclusions. The results of our study are promising for practitioners and researchers. The former can make more aware decisions during project execution and resource management, the latter can use this study as a starting point for improving TD estimation models.

Research suggests that close relationships with internal and external partners are likely to have a significant impact on new product development (NPD). What is unclear is how the effects of internal and external relationships influence development paths for different types of innovations. Prior literature indicates that the pathways for developing incremental innovations differ considerably from those for radical innovations. Thus it is plausible that the effects of external versus internal relationships vary across these two innovation types. This paper uses the 2012 Comparative Performance Assessment Study (CPAS) data set to investigate the roles of internal and external relationship quality on the development of both incremental and radical innovations. The results find that internal and not external relationship quality is beneficial for the development of incremental innovations. When driven by internal relationships, a flexible NPD process is advantageous for the financial performance of incremental innovations. Meanwhile external and not internal relationship quality is valuable for developing radical innovations. External relationship quality results in process flexibility, leading to project execution success and subsequent financial performance for radical innovations. As expected, project execution success consistently leads to increased financial performance. These findings indicate the critical differences in types of relationship quality required when developing new products based on radical versus incremental innovations.

The capability to develop a reliable 'Estimate at Completion' from the earliest stage of project execution is essential in order to develop a proactive project management. In order to accomplish this aim, a model to formulate estimates at completion is presented which integrates through a Bayesian approach three knowledge sources: experts' opinions, data from past projects and the current performance of the ongoing project. The model has been applied to three Oil and Gas projects in order to forecast their final duration and cost. These projects are characterized by a high level of size, uncertainty and complexity representing a challenging test for the model. The results obtained show a higher forecasting accuracy of the Bayesian model compared to the traditional Earned Value Management (EVM) methodology.

A review of the literature identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) of project execution revealed two research gaps: a too subjective selection of CSFs rather than an objective selection and too many critical factors, resulting in doubts about their criticality. To overcome these two research gaps, this study proposed a hybrid method that uses the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to obtain weightings of factors and ranks their importance. The meaning of criticality, in combination with the concept of acceptable advantage of VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), was then used to objectively identify the CSFs of project execution, using the environmental consultancy service industry in Taiwan as an example. Finally, six CSFs were found and five management implications were identified, and these findings can serve as a valuable reference for project execution in the environmental consultancy service industry. This combined method can also be used to identify the CSFs of ...

This paper focuses on the development of trust in temporary inter-organizational relations. One specific form of such relations is public construction projects established by competitive tendering. In this context, previous studies have suggested that the shadow of the future only moderates behavior to a limited extent and trust may seem hard to come by. The present in-depth case study adds to the theorizing of trust dynamics by demonstrating that reciprocal norms at the industry level, as well as reciprocal norms developing during project execution, contribute to the development of trust. The study connects trust, reciprocity, and actions, giving insight into the interplay between trust and reciprocity, the interplay between reciprocal norms at the industry level and the project level, and the role of small and large actions in the trust process.

While project management success focuses upon the processes and the successful accomplishments of cost and time objectives, product success deals with the quality of the final product. Recently, quality of the constructed highway has been considered highly important reason for the pavement response and its design life. The main objective of this paper is to improve the management of highway projects in Egypt by determining the most important factors influencing the quality performance of this industry. In total, 39 factors that may influence the quality of highway projects have been defined through a detailed literature review. The factors are tabulated in a questionnaire form, which is sent out to 13 owners of divided highways, 27 owners of regional roads, and 15 consultants. The analysis of the respondents’ perspectives using fuzzy triangle approach shows that the most important factors affecting the quality are availability of experienced staff in the owner’s and contractor’s teams during the project execution; efficiency of the owner’s inspection team; clarity of responsibilities and roles for each owner, consultant, and contractor; pavement which is not designed according to the regional conditions (e.g., soil type, temperature, and traffic volume); and asphalt quality and type used in the construction process.

Earned Value Management (EVM) and Earned Schedule (ES) indexes are indicators of project execution efficiency. They are used by project managers in their efforts toward achieving project success; that is, completing within budget and delivering the product on time. This article introduces EVM and ES and discusses the statistical distribution of their respective indexes. Practical application of statistics is developed for forecasting cost and schedule. Keywords: project management; earned value; earned schedule; statistics; performance analysis; forecasting

This research develops three new models for the project portfolio selection problem with multiple periods. To reflect some real situations, three loss assumptions are considered for the interruption of project execution for the first time. The mathematical representations of the loss assumptions are provided and proved. Besides, the workload constraint, capital flow constraint, cardinality constraint, and precedence relationship are incorporated into the models. One benchmark example and one real-world application case are used to demonstrate the capability and characteristics of the proposed models.

Systems engineering is usually seen as the domain of large enterprises. However, small and medium sized (SMEs) and micro-enterprises are coming to play an ever-larger role even in industries traditionally dominated by large enterprises. In new product development projects carried out by SMEs or micro-enterprise using systems engineering, three aspects should be noted. Firstly, such enterprise wants to initiate the project independently, i.e. develop a new product/system under ISO 29110, there is some information regarding how it could do it, i.e. the stage that would involve the definition of the requirements. But enterprise should be able to understand and apply this information. Secondly, it must be underlined that project execution, is preceded by establishment of cooperation of new product development process. This process is frequently tedious, time-consuming and – especially for small organizations – troublesome. Thirdly, such cooperation should be anchored in the strategy especially in technology strategy of the company. Technology roadmapping could be considered as a tool which is helpful in technology strategy creation process.

Why do projects fail? This is a question that has been researched across various project disciplines, including that of Business Process Re-engineering (BPR). This paper introduces a different angle on why BPR projects fail. An analysis of a case study conducted within a financial institution revealed new factors that could influence BPR project outcomes, but that have not been identified in the literature. The Organisation Ring of Influence model was developed to indicate the impact that organisation behaviours and structures had on the outcome of an executed BPR project. This model also helps to highlight which factors were more influential than others. Waarom misluk projekte? Dit is 'n vraag wat oor verskeie projek-dissiplines nagevors is, insluitende dié van besigheidsproses-herontwerp. Hierdie artikel stel 'n nuwe hoek bekend om die oorsaak vir projekmislukking te bepaal. 'n Analise van 'n gevallestudie, wat by 'n finansiële instansie geloods is, het nuwe faktore wat die besigheidsprosesherontwerp beïnvloed, onthul. Hierdie faktore is nie in bestaande navorsing geïdentifiseer nie. Die Organisasie-Ring-van-Invloed model is ontwikkel om die impak wat die organisatoriesegedrag en -strukture op die eindresultaat van 'n voltooide besigheidsprosesherontwerp projek gehad het, aan te dui. Die model help ook om die faktore wat meer invloed uitoefen uit te lig.

Since the mega construction project, typically defined as a contract that exceed $1 billion, requires a large scale financial investment, there exists a high possibility of having a budget constraint and limitation during the project execution stage as well as the planning stage. The previous studies were limited to analyzing the resource-constrained scheduling problems in the case of a budget constraint during the initial stage with smaller-scale projects and have never presented comprehensive approaches for rescheduling during the implementation stage and calculating its overall cost impact, especially on mega projects. As such, this study aimed to examine the methodologies and limitations of the previous studies and to analyze solutions to solve their shortcomings, thereby presenting a better methodology to practically apply to mega projects. Specifically, this study assessed the heuristic method that is the most applicable to mega projects and applied it to a real mega project, thereby suggesting a new method of construction process adjustment. The suggested method is expected to be appropriately used as a solution to similar issues with no restrictions to the size of the project.

The need for basic infrastructure for economic development in developing countries has made megaprojects popular, in such parts of the world. Megaprojects can be very important to a host country: the Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) Project has contributed about four percent of Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product. However, due to the complexity involved with megaprojects, project failure rate is high around the world, especially so for upstream oil and gas projects. This paper recommends a systems approach to megaprojects analysis, for a better understanding of these projects: from the pre-final investment decision (FID) stage through project execution. This author believes that a system approach to megaprojects analysis should provide better decision quality for decision makers.

Earned value project management (EVPM) is an effective tool for managing project performance. However, most studies on extensions and applications of EVPM concentrate on improving final cost and duration estimates rather than improving upon the use of planned value (PV) to predict earned value (EV) and actual cost value (AC). This study proposes a straightforward modeling method for improving the predictive power of PV before executing a project. By using this modeling method, this study develops EV and AC forecasting models for four case projects. Out-of-sample forecasting validation using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) demonstrates that the proposed method improves forecasting accuracy by an average of 23.66% and 17.39%, respectively, for EV and AC. This improvement on PV's predictive power prior to project execution provides management with more reliable predictive information about EV and AC performance, allowing for effective proactive action to ensure favorable performance outcomes.

In this research work focuses the Software estimation time has been an vital role everyone in software industry. Software effort and cost estimation plays an important role in software development, often determining the success or failure of contract negotiation and project execution based on the estimation plan. Predicting the success of software projects based upon information related to estimation task and actual task is deemed to be one of the vital activities in software engineering research. In this research work, isotonic regression classifier can be implemented for analyzing the estimation quality based on estimation value and actual value to achieve better result from the model based upon information related to Estimation task and actual task in IT project management.

p. 365 - 378 Este trabajo permite visualizar en paralelo una metodología propuesta para el acompañamiento de dos actores que provienen del ámbito universitario, a saber, un emprendedor que busca beneficiarse de una oportunidad o necesidad identificada en un mercado mediante la creación de una startup y un investigador o grupo de investigación universitario que espera explotar comercialmente un resultado derivado de una investigación (producto de conocimiento) a través de una spinoff universitaria. La comparación planteada se realiza considerando como línea de base entre ambas metodologías de acompañamiento las diferentes etapas para el desarrollo de un proyecto, en este caso particular un proyecto empresarial, entendido como el esfuerzo realizado para transferir al mercado una idea y/o resultado de investigación plasmados en un bien o un servicio. Durante la exposición de las diferentes etapas de un proyecto: inicio, planificación, ejecución, seguimiento y control, se proponen las condiciones mínimas requeridas en el contexto universitario para alcanzar el resultado final esperado. Como una de las principales conclusiones de este trabajo se encuentra que no hay mayores diferencias en el acompañamiento que se brinda para la creación de una startup o de una spinoff, lo que es importante tener muy claro es el concepto de negocio que se desea desarrollar y algunas herramientas que se aplican para una u otra. This study allows to simultaneously observe a method proposed for the follow-up of two actors in the university setting: (1) an entrepreneur seeking to benefit from an opportunity/identified need in a specific market through the creation of a start-up, and (2) a university researcher/research group with hopes of making commercial use of research products(as a result of knowledge) through a university spin-off. The suggested comparison is done considering the various phases for project execution (in this case, a company project) as a reference point between both follow-up methods, and is understood as the effort put forth to transfer an idea and/or research result to the market expressed by a good or service.During the various project phases (initiation, planning, execution, follow-up, and control), the minimum required conditions are suggested within the university setting in order to achieve the expected results. One of the principal conclusions of this study is that there are no significant differences in the follow-up method used for the creation of start-ups and spin-offs;it is, however, important to have a clear business concept and tools that apply to each. Este trabalho permite visualizar em paralelo uma metodologia proposta para o acompanhamento de dois atores que provem do âmbito universitário, a saber, um empreendedor que busca beneficiar-se de uma oportunidade ou necessidade identificada em um mercado mediante a criação de uma startup e um investigador ou grupo de investigação universitário que espera explorar comercialmente um resultado derivado de uma investigação (produto de conhecimento) através de uma spinoff universitária. A comparação planteada se realiza considerando como linha de base entre ambas metodologias de acompanhamento as diferentes etapas para o desenvolvimento de um projeto, neste caso particular um projeto empresarial, entendido como o esforço realizado para transferir ao mercado uma ideia e/ou resultado de investigação plasmados em um bem ou um serviço. Durante a exposição das diferentes etapas de um projeto: início, planificação, execução, seguimento e controle se propõem as condições mínimas requeridas no contexto universitário para alcançar o resultado final esperado. Como uma das principais conclusões deste trabalho se encontra que não há grandes diferenças no acompanhamento que se brinda para a criação de um startup ou uma spinoff, o que é importante ter muito claro é o conceito do negócio que se deseja desenvolver e em algumas ferramentas que se aplicam para uma ou outra. Medellín

This study was conducted to analyze the policy impacts of the `2014 Rural Field Forum`. From 2013, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs implemented Rural Field Forum to push forward rural development of inhabitants` initiative. In this study, we have evaluated that Rural Field Forum has crucial impacts on residents` competence, region capability and driving force of project by targeting the 374 residents of 350 villages in 9 states who participated in 2014 Rural Field Forum. We also sought for the solution to institutional improvement. Futhermore we analyzed each of leader group and normal residents for departmentalization of policy effects. Taken together, the analysis reveals that: 1)Rural field forum is demonstrated to have a positive effect on the establishment and execution of village development plan and all of its necessary components. 2)Regarding the effect on the village capabilities, the understanding and recognition of village organization was shown to be improved. 3)About regional capabilities, the interest in village project was advanced. 4)In terms of the project execution, Rural field forum turned out to affect the village council processes positively. 5)lastly, between the leader and the residents, the difference effectiveness between them revealed, with the same directivity and considerably bigger effect felt by the leader than by the residents overall.

Project Constructions are unique, safety or security and protection factors at work become one of the most important factors of work productivity (Hanafi, 2017). Occupational safety and health have a contribution value of up to 20.2% on performance (Kartikasari, 2017). In the implementation of building projects by PT. XY found a lack of awareness of workers in the use of equipment and safety equipment, this is evident from the lack of use of protective fences and also signs/warning signs that are not fully installed. This research will discuss what are the dominant risks that influence the implementation of OHS management at PT. XY. Based on these dominant risks, this reaserch will create a safety execution development based on the Construction Extension to PMBOK Guide - 2016 Edition.

Earned price management (EVM) is an associate degree business customary for observance the performance of in progress comes. The performance baseline is about up within the coming up with part to live any time and value deviations throughout project execution. EVM solely focuses on the project schedule (SPI) and value (CPI), and doesn’t address alternative vital aspects of quality, Risk, safety and social factors. Therefore, this paper will explain the statistical study aims to know the most important factors that affect in implementation of EVM in a construction project in Iraq and it will be consisting of two main tools which are the assessment of the questionnaire and checklist to obtain real weights affecting the Iraqi construction projects. There is a need for understanding all affecting factors on estimate at completion in EVM. This will develop the equation of EVM. It will be necessary to study affecting factors to achieve major factors of EVM. Based on previous studies and interviews, 207 influential factors were identified. After the first questionnaire, the number was reduced to 73. Based on the interviews with experts, weights were determined and the most influential factors were 37 and were adopted as a checklist.

This paper will explain the concept of Earned value management and definition of the influenced factor, earned worth management (EVM) is an associate trade commonplace for observance the performance of in progress comes. The performance baseline is about up within the designing section to live any time and price deviations throughout project execution. supported this progress, associate estimate at completion (EAC) is forecasted, investigate a wide range of factors impact on earned value in different countries, especially in Iraq and the region to reduce cost project in estimate to complete and estimate at complete, which helps decision-makers to make the right decision to reduce costs, achieve planned duration and taking into account other aspects.

Nationally, falls from height (FFH) are a significant threat to the construction fields and are one of the leading causes of a fatal accident to construction workers. Since the construction industry is carried out in hazardous environments, accidents occurring at various severity rates, leading to minor, severe and fatal injuries. Meanwhile, the majority of accidents are caused by a variety of significant causes and uncertain actions or unsafe conditions. The recognition effect of falls from height accidents at construction sites is the focus of this research. Therefore, this paper revealed the major effect of an accident due to a fall from height from past researchers. The reported cases of accidents were investigated by the Malaysian Department for Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) were reviewed. The finding of this paper indicates a time loss of project execution due to accident investigation was the major effect of the accident due to fall from height at construction sites and cost implication for hiring a new worker, training for a new employee and compensation for injury or settlement of death claims. Discoveries of this paper will enhance the construction industry to improve the performance and regulation of all construction projects in terms of safety.

Implementation of State public procurement law has been one of the task assignments on project execution in Lagos State. However, little or no emphasis has been placed on the extent of its compliance. This study attempted to investigate the extent to which State public procurement law using Lagos State. It showed that the policy objective of efficiency, probity, and openness among the various procuring entities has to a large extent being achieved, though with various challenges undermining the implementation of public procurement policy, which needs prompt consideration. It employed both quantitative and qualitative data. In respect to quantitative data, a study population of 1, 401 comprised staff members on GL. 07-17 in the following Ministries: Housing, Finance as well as Works and Infrastructures. A sample size of 15% representing 210 respondents was used to represent the study universe. On the other hand, the qualitative data were drawn from the interview analysis. Conclusively, there is statistically significant relationship between compliance with Lagos State Public Procurement Law variant (openness and efficiency) and procuring entities.

Digitalisation of design processes is being rapidly accepted as a major step-change in engineering of pipelines and components. Incremental digitalisation of best engineering practice, analytical portions of industry codes and iterative optimisation tasks enable multiple advantages over typical project execution models. These include (a) maintaining flexibility throughout the design process to deal with changes particularly at critical interface points, (b) utilising computing power to drive an optimised solution, (c) cost and schedule advantages and (d) development of platforms to implement in future projects. These benefits are demonstrated by detailing an application of Genesis’s small-scale digitalisation strategy, as implemented on a pipe-in-pipe (PiP) bulkhead design in the Edvard Grieg Tie-Backs engineering, procurement, construction and installation development in the North Sea. The application of this strategy involved initial scoping and production of a design platform consisting of three Python modules. The platform enabled full parameterisation of a 3D end-bulkhead finite element analysis modelling process and post-processing criteria. The flexibility of this digitalisation strategy enabled simulations of (a) multiple material configurations, such as the application or removal of corrosion resistant cladding and (b) streamlined execution of highly iterative design processes. Through this platform, parallel execution of detail design and procurement was optimised, leading to achievement of material cost savings while minimising schedule and variation impact. This example of small-scale digitalisation establishes a philosophy for the future execution of PiP design and aligns both strategic and incremental steps towards a larger digitalisation initiative.

Public and patient involvement in research is a well-established requirement for applications to many grant-awarding bodies. Numerous models of consultation, collaboration and leadership have been developed to support all stages of research, from ideas development through to project execution and dissemination of findings. However, the interface between researchers and lay members is not always a happy one; scientific ‘fact’ may not square with lived experience; clinical researchers may regard their accumulated knowledge from working with many people with dementia and their families as ‘more valid’ than the individual experience(s) of a small number of public and patient involvement representatives; public and patient involvement members can fall victim to tokenism and manipulation. In this opinion piece, I consider the nature of representation in public and patient involvement in dementia research, and whether identifying disconfirmatory cases provides greater value than current consensus building approaches. I conclude by encouraging researchers to listen, reflect and embrace the opportunity to engage with alternative perspectives.

The study determined youths’ perceptions of the effects of their involvement in community development projects in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Specifically it identified the various community development projects that were implemented among the youths in the study area, determined the extent to which youths participated in the community development projects, identified the livelihood activities among youths and determined effects of involvement in community development projects on youths’ livelihood. Simple random sampling was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study. Data for the study was collected from primary sources. The mean age of the youths in the study area was 25.9 years. The findings from the study showed that 55.0% of the respondents were male, while 45.0% were female. The study indicated that majority (45.0%) of the youths completed tertiary education. Findings showed that 99.0% of the youths were aware of CSDP, while 21.0% were not aware. The study showed that the youths were involved in the implementation of Electricity (32.5%), Borehole (25.8%), road rehabilitation (11.7%), health centre (10.8%), Drainage (10.0%) and schools (9.2%). The study indicated that 12.5% respondents participated by mobilization of community members, project identification (1.7%), project plan (2.5%), project execution (0.8%), monitoring and evaluation (2.5%) while fund raising (8.3%) in electricity supply. The study showed that 43.3% of the youths contributed to CSDP through labour, 32.5% gave money, 20.8% contributed through supervision and 3.3% contributed materials. The major livelihood activities among the youths in the study area include trading (16.7%), teaching (13.3%), mechanic (9.6%) and Farming (6.7%). The results show that CSDP effects include training opportunities (x = 2.792), increased awareness on innovation (x =2.742). The result of the correlation analysis also shows that age (r =-0.014, p≤0.05), Sex (r = -0.014, p>0.05) and marital status (r =0.156, p>0.05) and Education (r = -0.045, p>0.05).with involvement in CSDP.

Trabalho de projeto para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Civil Submitted by Sónia Gonçalves (srgoncalves@sa.isel.pt) on 2019-02-28T18:51:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_1920.pdf: 3694002 bytes, checksum: 2962b0f460f2c88a7d577dab36113c1e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-28T18:51:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_1920.pdf: 3694002 bytes, checksum: 2962b0f460f2c88a7d577dab36113c1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-12 N/A

Resumen El impacto que genera el plan de gestión de calidad de un proyecto se ve reflejado en indicadores de medición elementales para la toma de decisiones. Es tal su importancia dentro del progreso de cualquier proyecto, que si se ejecuta de forma adecuada puede evitar la inclusión de valores adicionales y posibles reprocesos. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar el impacto de los costos de calidad en la ejecución de proyectos de construcción en Colombia. A través de una investigación de tipo de correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo, se desarrolló un estudio de caso a partir de ocho proyectos de construcción de edificaciones, que llevó a concluir que no es evidente la recuperación de los costos de calidad, en ninguna de las opciones analizadas, bajo los métodos de simulación de Monte Carlo y el análisis del valor ganado, por lo cual los costos deben ser presupuestados y tenidos en cuenta en las diversas etapas de ejecución de los proyectos. Abstract The impact which generates the planning of quality management projects is estimated through basic measurement indicators to take decisions in organizations. It is so relevant to know if during the execution of any project decisions have been appropriately taken to avoid the inclusion of added values and possible undesirable results. For this reason, this research paper is intended to analyze the impact of quality costs in the execution of construction projects in Colombia. This correlational investigation with a quantitative focus studied an actual case involving 8 other construction projects which concluded that there was no evidence that quality costs could be recovered in any case, using the Monte Carlo simulation methods and the analysis of added value, which clearly showed that costs had to be budgeted and included during different execution stages of projects. Résumé. L’impact créé par le plan de gestion de la qualité d’un projet se reflète dans les indicateurs de mesure élémentaires pour la prise de décision. La gestion de la qualitè est fondamentale pour l’état d’avancement de tout projet et exécutée correctement elle permet d’éviter des frais supplémentaires et possible retards. Cet article tente d’analyser l’impact des coûts liés à la qualité de l’exécution des projets de construction en Colombie. Á partir d’une enquête quantitative corrélationnelle, une étude de cas a été réalisée portant sur huit projets de construction de bâtiments et conduisant à la conclusion que le recouvrement des coûts liés à la qualité n’est pas toujours assuré à la lumiére des alternatives prises en compte par les méthodes de simulation de Monte Carlo et d’analyse de la valeur acquise. Les coûts doivent impérativement être inscrits au Budget initial et pris en compte à différents stades de la mise en œuvre du projet. Resumo El impacto que gera o plano de gerenciamento de qualidade de um projeto se vê refletido em indicadores de medida elementares para a toma de decisões. É tal sua importância dentro do progresso de qualquer projeto, que se se executa de forma adequada pode evitar a inclusão de valores adicionais e possíveis reprocessos. Por isso, o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o impacto dos custos de qualidade na execução de projetos de construção na Colômbia. Através de uma pesquisa de tipo correlaciona! com enfoque quantitativo, desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso a partir de oito projetos de construção de edificações, que levou a concluir que não é evidente a recuperação dos custos de qualidade em nenhuma das opções analisadas, sob os métodos de simulação de Monte Carlo e a análise do valor ganho, pelo que os custos devem ser orçados e tidos em conta nas diversas etapas de execução dos projetos.

Resumen El problema más común que enfrentan las administraciones públicas, es la ausencia de un método eficaz y sistemático para realizar el seguimiento a través de mediciones de avance de la gestión y evaluar los resultados de aquellas iniciativas de inversión que están orientadas a financiar de manera directa y de forma recurrente la operación de las entidades. En este contexto, el presente trabajo pretende desarrollar un método cuantitativo que permita realizar la medición del logro del objeto contractual a través del avance de las obligaciones del contratista acordadas para la entrega del bien o servicio. La propuesta metodológica que se presenta a continuación busca implementar el Modelo de Seguimiento a la ejecución del avance del objeto contractual (Mosac) en sus dos niveles: estratégico -componentes- y operativo -obligaciones-. En este sentido, el Modelo de Seguimiento MOSAC se convierte en un instrumento de implementación a la ejecución efectiva de los contratos que lleve a cabo la Administración pública. Abstract The most common problem found in public administration is the lack of an efficient and systematic method to follow up the development of projects through the advancement management measurements and the evaluation of investment outcomes which are oriented to finance the operation of companies in a direct and systematic way. In this context, this article aims at describing a quantitative method which allows the measurement of the contract object achievement based on the advancement of obligations of the contractor to guarantee the adequate delivery of a product or service. This proposed methodology tries to implement a Follow- up Method for the measurement of the contractual object execution(Mosac) at its two levels. Strategic -components- and operative -obligations-. In this respect, the Follow- up Model MOSAC becomes an implementation tool in the effective execution of contracts carried out by public administration. Résumé Le problème le plus commun auquel sont confrontées les administrations publiques se trouve être le manque de méthode efficiente et systématique permettant le suivi des progrès de la gestion et l'evaluation des résultats des investissements visant à financer directement et de maniere recurrente le fonctionnement des entités. Dans ce contexte, ce document vise à mettre en place une méthode quantitative permettant de mesurer l'avancement de la réalisation du contrat et les obligations de l'entrepreneur ayant accepté de livrer le bien ou le service. La proposition méthodologique présentée ci-après vise à la mise en ceuvre du modele de suivi et de l'objet contractuel -Msoc- sur deux niveaux: - stratégique -composants- et opérationnel -obligations-. En ce sens, le modele de suivi MSOC devient un instrument de mise en ceuvre pour l'exécution efficace des contrats exécutés par l'administration publique. Resumo O problema mais comum que enfrentam as administrações públicas, é a ausência de um método eficaz e sistemático para realizar o acompanhamento através de medidas de avanço do gerenciamento e avaliar os resultados daquelas iniciativas de investimento que estão orientadas a financiar de maneira direta e de forma frequente a operação das entidades. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho pretende desenvolver um método quantitativo que permita realizar a medida do lucro do objeto contratual através do avanço das obrigações da contratante acordadas para a entrega do bem ou do serviço. A proposta metodológica que se apresenta a seguir procura implementar o Modelo de Acompanhamento da execução do avanço do objeto contratual (Mosac) em seus dois níveis: estratégico - componentes- e operativo - obrigações-. Neste sentido, o Modelo de Acompanhamento MOSAC se torna um instrumento de implementação da execução efetiva dos contratos que realize a administração pública.

Executing a project requires resources, and executing a project successfully requires the optimal use of those resources. Therefore, coordinating and managing resources—including both human resources, also called team resources, and physical resources, i.e., material, equipment, facilities, and infrastructure—is an integral part of overall project execution. Identifying, acquiring, and managing these resources is called resource management. During project planning, you define roles and assign responsibilities to those roles, as project work is generally performed in the form of roles and responsibilities. Project roles, the responsibilities of the roles, and the reporting relationships among the roles need to be determined in order to perform a project. This is accomplished during the development of the resource management plan. The roles need to be filled with qualified individuals, which will be discussed in the executing part of this book. In this chapter, we will discuss developing the resource management plan and estimating the resources for each activity scheduled.

This paper addresses the current oil & gas industry need for awareness and how to accelerate use of international standardization efforts, with focus on multi-disciplinary ISO standards and business governance. Qualified compliant use of ISO standards can unlock necessary business value and is a means to achieve cost-efficiency, HSE objectives, and minimize climate impact. The user domain encompasses regulatory bodies, oil and gas companies, drilling companies, engineering companies, equipment manufacturers, research & consultancies. The ISO/TC67 Working Group "Reliability engineering and technology" has responsibility for reliability and cost related ISO standards within the Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. The portfolio of the multi-disciplinary ISO standards is internationally acknowledged and has recently been updated by many new standards that the global user domain can benefit from to achieve cost reducing technologies. Reliability and cost is part of the equation in innovative technology development processes to enforce quality and minimize risk, and enable new technology meets overall business performance objectives. This paper will give highlights of the following ISO standards and a roadmap for their application: ISO 14224 - Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment ISO 20815 - Production assurance and reliability management ISO 19008 - Standard cost coding system to gas production and processing facilities Company applications are presented to show examples in technology development, project development, and oil & gas field operations. Standards relation to digitalization of oil and gas industry will also be addressed, e g. how "reliability communication" between oil company and supplier can benefit from use of the latest ISO standard 14224. Contractual framing of reliability and Key Performance Indicators will also be presented. This ISO standardization work is based on international expert team efforts by many countries, and in collaboration with IOGP. The work supports the ISO/TC67 Mission: "To create value-added standards for the oil and gas industry", and the ISO/TC67 Vision: "International standards used locally worldwide."

In November 2017, ExxonMobil Canada Properties (EM) started production from the world-class Hebron development located approximately 340 km offshore St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. The Hebron Platform is a standalone concrete single shaft Gravity Base Structure with an Offshore Loading System, Single Integrated Drill Rig, and Topsides production facilities capable of handling 150,000 barrels per day of crude oil.The Hebron Project was developed from Pre-FEED to Start-Up over the course of eight years in more than a dozen work sites. The project has achieved schedule commitments and liquidated more than 60 million work hours. A large contributor to success was the effective integration and management of engineering, fabrication and commissioning organizations at all work locations. This paper will explore the execution techniques which enabled the organization to successfully manage a complex scope divided amongst diverse work locations and contractors as well as describe some of the leadership and management techniques employed to create productive work behaviors across teams and work locations.

In order to enhance students’ individual and team competency in building information modeling (BIM) project execution, this research adopts the team-based learning (TBL) pedagogy and aligns...

One of the enablers of organizational resilience is inclusiveness. Inclusiveness is the process of valuing, respecting and supporting members of an entity. Resilience in permanent organizations can be defined as the capability to respond to and prepare for disruption and thus, promote business continuity. On the other hand, resilience in Temporary Multidisciplinary Organizations (TMO) can be defined as the capability to respond to, prepare for and reduce the impact of disruptions caused by the drifting environment and complexity. A construction project can be viewed as a TMO. The time-limit and contract-focus of TMO challenges inclusiveness and hence makes its impact on resilience in TMO, unclear. Given the dynamic nature of TMOs (highly susceptible to disruptions), there is the need to identify the impact of inclusiveness, thus, the aim of this research. Using a case study approach (two case studies) and critical incident technique, it was identified that the TMO in which inclusiveness was actively promoted responded better to disruptions. This was enabled by project managers, directors and the project execution plan. The identified impact of inclusiveness in managing disruptions were; time and cost savings, innovation and quality enhancement. These findings contribute to debates on disruption management in TMOs (projects).

Beijing Municipal Education Commission began to implement the "practice ability training program" project since 2015. Beijing Wuzi University which is one of Beijing municipal universities takes part in this program and explores actively the execution mode. Through the graduation design (thesis) and project training, the innovative education effectiveness of cultivating talents is improved greatly. The project is implemented firstly in Beijing and even in the whole country, and there are still some problems in the actual implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to ensure the smooth implementation of the project. This paper summarizes the basic situation and problems of the project execution in our school, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures, which will play an important role in the better implementation of this project in our school, and it also will be of reference significance for other universities to carry out this project better.

For deepwater developments involving floating platforms in harsh environmental conditions which lie beyond well-established industry practices, model tests are usually required. The paper describes the different types of model tests and their respective objectives, scopes, and requirements. Different types of testing facilities are also described. The objective is to give an overview of various aspects of model testing, so the reader will come away with a better understanding of how and why model tests are performed and how they can best be used in projects. The timing of tests and their interaction with the project schedule is also described. For example, model tests may be carried out early in the design for concept selection studies, or sometimes at the end of FEED for a specific concept application. Project tests are often performed at the beginning of detailed engineering to resolve any outstanding design issues or sometimes near the end of the project to confirm the effects of certain changes. These different test types have different methods, requirements, procedures and results. Model tests may address installations, operations or performance of deepwater systems such as mooring and dynamic riser interactions or may generate benchmarking data for CFD. Depending on the type of tests, certain key aspects must be carefully controlled. Required test data and the cost-benefit trade-offs of different test objectives are discussed. Results and observations are given for several model testing applications of deepwater developments in Asia Pacific region and elsewhere. Examples of different types of tests are used to draw conclusions about the role of tests. Looking ahead to the future, several deepwater testing basins are under development in different parts of the world. Limitations such as scale effects and basin boundary truncations are discussed. Ongoing research into novel model testing methods currently being carried out and their potential to improve the accuracy and reliability of full-scale predictions are pointed out. CFD or so-called numerical wave tank is a relatively mature tool which is gaining use in offshore projects and promises to overcome some of these limitations. Fortunately, improvements in available computing power and software are continually reducing the required computation time and cost. Both physical tests and complementary CFD simulations are required to obtain a complete picture of the full-scale performance of deepwater platforms. The need for full-scale measurements and design feedback is often over-looked but benefits future projects by closing the design loop to reduce future conservatism.

Companies invest countless hours in planning project execution because it is a crucial component for their growth. However, regardless of all the considerations taken in the planning stage, uncertainty inherent to project execution leads to schedule disruptions, and even renders projects unfeasible. There is a vast amount of studies for generating baseline (predictive) schedules, yet, the literature regarding reactive scheduling for the Multi-Mode Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (MRCPSP) is scant with only two previous studies found at the time of writing. In contrast, schedule disruption management has been thoroughly studied in the mass production environment, and regardless of the difficulties encountered, they will almost certainly be required to meet the levels planned. With this in mind, this study proposes an integrative (proactive and reactive) scheduling framework that uses the experience and methodologies developed in the production scheduling environment and apply it to the MRCPSP. The purpose of this framework is to be used on further empirical research.

This chapter sets the tone for the purpose of the book. It begins by creating an awareness of the importance of an initial piping design set-up and moves to introducing in summary the topics that are covered in more detail in the following chapters. Summarization begins with a review of the common aspects of piping design set-up known to all piping designers; these being standards, specifications, and procedures. The chapter moves to discussing the often overlooked project management documentation, such as the Design Basis Memorandum and Project Execution Plan, of which the piping lead must inform themselves due to there being information contained in this documentation that can impact set-up decisions. The chapter is concluded by emphasizing that the piping lead is accountable for the piping set-up on the project.

This chapter speaks about piping procedures. Procedures are the backbone of project execution and quality assurance. Each of the procedures that a piping lead will need has been described, with an emphasis placed on the lead’s accountability to develop those that may not be readily available for the project. To accommodate the distinct likelihood that no one company has all of the required procedures in place, each procedure is described in easy to follow step-by-step detail (many with flow diagrams), making it effortless for the reader to adopt each in its entirety or as a basis for their own procedures with some small modifications to suit their own particular circumstances.