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721 results on '"Poole, Keith"'

151. Editorial : bad bugs in the XXIst century: resistance mediated by multi-drug efflux pumps in gram-negative bacteria

Author

Nishino, Kunihiko, Vargiu, Attilio Vittorio, Pos, Klaas Martinus, Poole, Keith, Nikaido, Hiroshi, Nishino, Kunihiko, Vargiu, Attilio Vittorio, Pos, Klaas Martinus, Poole, Keith, and Nikaido, Hiroshi

Abstract

The discovery of antibiotics represented a key milestone in the history of medicine. However, with the rise of these life-saving drugs came the awareness that bacteria deploy defense mechanisms to resist these antibiotics, and they are good at it. Today, we appear at a crossroads between discovery of new potent drugs and omni-resistant superbugs. Moreover, the misuse of antibiotics in different industries has increased the rate of resistance development by providing permanent selective pressure and, subsequently, enrichment of multidrug resistant pathogens. As a result, antimicrobial resistance has now become an urgent threat to public health worldwide (http:// www.who.int/drugresistance/documents/surveillancereport/en/). The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in an increasing number of pathogens, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Burkholderia, and other Gram-negative bacteria is a serious issue. Membrane efflux pump complexes of the Resistance-Nodulation-Division (RND) superfamily play a key role in the development of MDR in these bacteria. These pumps, together with other transporters, contribute to intrinsic and acquired resistance of bacteria toward most, if not all, of the compounds available in our antimicrobial arsenal. Given the enormous drug polyspecificity of MDR efflux pumps, studies on their mechanism of action are extremely challenging, and this has negatively impacted both on the development of new antibiotics that are able to evade these efflux pumps and on the design of pump inhibitors. The collection of articles in this eBook, published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy, aims to update the reader about the latest advances on the structure and function of RND efflux transporters, their roles in the overall multidrug resistance phenotype of Gram-negative pathogens, and on the strategies to inhibit their activities. ...

Published
2016

152. A Unified Theory of Voting: Directional and Proximity Spatial Models

Author

Poole, Keith T.

Subjects
A Unified Theory of Voting: Directional and Proximity Spatial Models (Book), Books -- Book reviews, Political science
Abstract

By Samuel Merrill III and Bernard Grofman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 213p. $54.95 cloth, $19.95 paper. A Unified Theory of Voting is a 'must read' for anyone wishing [...]

Published
2000

165. Las raíces de la polarización de la política moderna en los Estados Unidos

Author

POOLE, KEITH T

Subjects
representative government, derechos de propiedad, political parties, Polarization, property rights, partidos políticos, Polarización, DW-Nominate, gobierno representativo
Abstract

Las élites de los Estados Unidos están profundamente polarizadas. La polarización de los partidos Demócrata y Republicano se encuentra en su punto más alto desde finales del siglo XIX. ¿Cómo puede explicarse este fenómeno a la luz del evidente crecimiento económico de los Estados Unidos? Este ensayo describe el surgimiento de esta tendencia moderna hacia la polarización. Para entender las fuerzas históricas que ha producido la polarización actual es necesario entender la tradición colonial británica del sistema político-económico estadounidense. La democracia representativa, el sistema electoral mayoritario, la representación geográfica (la tradición de que el representante viva en el distrito que representa) y los derechos de propiedad privada fueron establecidos desde el comienzo del período colonial británico y dieron forma a los acontecimientos subsiguientes. El modo en el cual estos factores moldearon la evolución de los partidos políticos a través del tiempo nos permite comprender por qué el actual sistema de partidos se encuentra tan polarizado y por qué no existe una solución simple a la severa polarización de las élites en los Estados Unidos. The elites of the United States are deeply polarized. Polarization of the Democratic and Republican Parties is higher than at any time since the late 19th Century. How could this be true given the obvious economic success of the United States? This essay describes how the modern polarization trend emerged. To understand the historical forces producing modern polarization it is necessary to understand the British colonial origins of the U. S. political-economic system. Representative democracy, plurality elections, geographic-based representation (the tradition of the representative living with those he represented), and private property rights were established from the beginning of the British colonies and shaped everything that was to follow. How these factors shaped the evolution of political parties over time gives us insight into why the current party system is so polarized and why there may be no simple solution to the serious polarization of the elites in the United States.

Published
2008

173. Ideology and the Theory of Political Choice

Author

Poole, Keith T.

Subjects
Ideology and the Theory of Political Choice (Book), Books -- Book reviews, Political science
Abstract

This is an ambitious book. Hinich and Munger argue that formal political theory is at a 'critical juncture, where internal contradictions and the lack of interesting or useful new results [...]

Published
1995

184. Ideology and Congress

Author

Poole, Keith T., Rosenthal, Howard, Poole, Keith T., and Rosenthal, Howard

Subjects
Pressure groups--United States--History, Ideology--United States--History
Abstract

In Ideology and Congress, authors Poole and Rosenthal have analyzed over 13 million individual roll call votes spanning the two centuries since Congress began recording votes in 1789. By tracing the voting patterns of Congress throughout the country's history, the authors find that, despite a wide array of issues facing legislators, over 81 percent of their voting decisions can be attributed to a consistent ideological position ranging from ultraconservatism to ultraliberalism. In their classic 1997 volume, Congress: A Political Economic History of Roll Call Voting, roll call voting became the framework for a novel interpretation of important episodes in American political and economic history. Congress demonstrated that roll call voting has a very simple structure and that, for most of American history, roll call voting patterns have maintained a core stability based on two great issues: the extent of government regulation of, and intervention in, the economy; and race. In this new, paperback volume, the authors include nineteen years of additional data, bringing in the period from 1986 through 2004.

Published
2007

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