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Elsinoe dracophylli sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Dracophyllum pyrimidale and D. traversii. It is the first Elsinoe species to be described from a member of the Epacridaceae, and is distinguished from the Ericaceae-inhabiting species by ascospore size.

The Rhytismatales are both genetically and biologically diverse in Australasia. Although taxonomically one of the better known groups of ascomycetes from the region, almost all knowledge on the group is confined to species from south-eastern Australia and New Zealand. The indigenous Australasian species show two distinct patterns of geographic relationship—one group comprises species with a broad tropical distribution, the other comprises species that have close relatives on phylogenetically related hosts in other parts of the temperate Southern Hemisphere. While the widespread tropical species have a broad host range, the others tend to be specialised toward a single host. Further research required includes alpha-taxonomic studies from other parts of Australasia, study of the biological roles these fungi play in Australasian forests and molecular studies on the origin of the genetic diversity of the order in this region.

Thirteen species of Coccomyces are reported for Australia; a further species is recognised but not described because of insufficient material. Six of the species are described as new. Most of the Australian species are C. leptosporus-like in morphology, a characteristic of most Coccomyces spp. from tropical and Southern Hemisphere regions. One of the new species, C. cunninghamii, found on Nothofagus cunninghamii, is morphologically similar to Lophodermium medium, a species occurring on N. menziesiiin New Zealand. The seven previously described species also occur in New Zealand, and three of them are widespread in tropical Asia and tropical America. All species are described and illustrated, and a key to the Australian Coccomyces species is provided.

Many filter media, composed of a random array of solids, have larger pores on one face than on the other. The face receiving the feed stream is less densely packed than the bottom face. Explained here is a method of determining the differences in the pore-size distributions between the separate faces. The method starts from the knowledge that the most probable pore-size distribution in a thin plane of randomly-arrayed solids is such that the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean is fixed, no matter the value of the mean. In turn, the mean is a function of porosity (the ratio of void volume to bulk volume). Thus, with knowledge of the porosities of the two separate faces, we can deduce the differences between the mean pore sizes, and, thus, the distributions. Methods are suggested for determining the porosities of the separate faces.

Newly recorded plant pathogenic fungi from the Chatham Islands are listed. These include six fungi (Cercospora solanicola, Claviceps nigricans, Pestalotiopsis leucopogonis: Puccinia ernbergeriae, Ramularia beticola, Septoria betae) and 46 host/pathogen records which are new for New Zealand.

Bivallum gen. nov. is described with the type species B. zelandicum sp, nov. and five other species: B. diselmatis sp. nov.; B. heterosporum (Butin), comb. nov.; B. microstrobi sp. nov.; B. pilgerodendri (Butin), comb. nov.; B. podocarpi (Butin), comb. nov. The genus is southern hemisphere is distribution, being found on Cupressaceae and Podocarpaceae in Chile, New Zealand and Tasmania.

Ten species of Coccomyces and four species of Propolis are reported from New Zealand. In addition to C. crystalligerus Sherwood, C. limitatus (Berkeley & Curtis) Saccardo, C. radiatus Sherwood, P. emarginata (Cooke & Massee) Sherwood, and P. quadrifida (Leveille) Montagne, there are nine newly described species, C. clavatus, C cupressinum, C. globosus, C. lauraceus, C libocedri, C. longwoodicus, C. phyllocladi, P. dendrobii, and P. dracophylli. Pycnidial anamorphs are described for C. crystalligerus, C. cupressinum, C. globosus, C libocedri, C. limitatus, and C. longwoodicus. P. emarginata, previously known only from Eucalyptus species, is reported from Metrosideros species. Notes are included on other Rhytismataceous taxa which have been found on the same host plants as the Coccomyces and Propolis species. Synoptic and dichotomous keys are provided to the New Zealand species of Coccomyces, and a dichotomous key is provided to the New Zealand species of Propolis

Asci of most members of the Coryneliaceae were examined. All species of Corynelia, Coryneliospora Fitzpatrickiella, Lagenulopsis , and Tripospora , and representative species of Caliciopsis and Coryneliopsis were studied by light microscopy. Two species of Corynelia were also examined using transmission electron microscopy. Except in Coryneliopsis , all had asci with more than one functional wall layer with the outer layer breaking during ascus elongation, long before ascospores are ready to be released. It is concluded that the order Coryneliales, containing the single family Coryneliaceae, should be retained, and that Coryneliopsis should probably be removed from the family.

Twenty-one species of Lophodermium are reported from New Zealand. Sixteen species are described as new: L. asteliae L. atrum L. brunneolum L. croesicum L. hauturuanum L. inclusum L. irregulare L. kaikawakae L. mahuianum L. mangatepopense L. medium L. nigrofactum L. rectangulare L. rubrum L. tindalii,. L. unciniae and L. breve (Berkeley) de Notaris L. agathidis Minter & Hettige,. L. multimatricum Johnston were previously known,. L. gramineum (Fries) Chevallier. L. richeae Petrak are newly recorded. A key to these species, and a table summarising host plant distributions are provided.

Polymer of 1200 molecular weight was prepared from tetrahydrofuran by using a catalyst mixture of ethylene oxide, BF3, and water. Fractionation was accomplished by washing a cyclohexane-toluene solution with mixtures of methanol and water. Results, plotted on Poisson probability paper, showed that the distribution is somewhat broader than the Poisson.

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was polymerized with cocatalysts of ethylene oxide (EO) and BF3, using THF as the solvent. The yield of polymer, based on the amount of catalyst, was very low. With water present (0.5 mole per mole of BF3 and EO) the yield increased fourfold. Polymerization was stopped by the addition of a large amount of water; the addition of water also provided the polymer with terminal hydroxyl groups. The polymer had a molecular weight of 1000 and was a clear, colorless, viscous liquid.

The limit of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex is defined genetically, based on a strongly supported clade within the Colletotrichum ITS gene tree. All taxa accepted within this clade are morphologically more or less typical of the broadly defined C. gloeosporioides , as it has been applied in the literature for the past 50 years. We accept 22 species plus one subspecies within the C. gloeosporioides complex. These include C. asianum , C. cordylinicola , C. fructicola , C. gloeosporioides , C. horii , C. kahawae subsp. kahawae , C. musae , C. nupharicola , C. psidii , C. siamense , C. theobromicola , C. tropicale , and C. xanthorrhoeae , along with the taxa described here as new, C. aenigma , C. aeschynomenes , C. alatae , C. alienum , C. aotearoa , C. clidemiae , C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro , C. salsolae , and C. ti , plus the nom. nov. C. queenslandicum (for C. gloeosporioides var. minus ). All of the taxa are defined genetically on the basis of multi-gene phylogenies. Brief morphological descriptions are provided for species where no modern description is available. Many of the species are unable to be reliably distinguished using ITS, the official barcoding gene for fungi. Particularly problematic are a set of species genetically close to C. musae and another set of species genetically close to C. kahawae , referred to here as the Musae clade and the Kahawae clade, respectively. Each clade contains several species that are phylogenetically well supported in multi-gene analyses, but within the clades branch lengths are short because of the small number of phylogenetically informative characters, and in a few cases individual gene trees are incongruent. Some single genes or combinations of genes, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase, can be used to reliably distinguish most taxa and will need to be developed as secondary barcodes for species level identification, which is important because many of these fungi are of biosecurity significance. In addition to the accepted species, notes are provided for names where a possible close relationship with C. gloeosporioides sensu lato has been suggested in the recent literature, along with all subspecific taxa and formae speciales within C. gloeosporioides and its putative teleomorph Glomerella cingulata . Taxonomic novelties:Name replacement - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New species - C. aenigma B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. aeschynomenes B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alatae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. alienum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst, C. aotearoa B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. clidemiae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. salsolae B. Weir & P.R. Johnst., C. ti B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. New subspecies - C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro B. Weir & P.R. Johnst. Typification: Epitypification - C. queenslandicum B. Weir & P.R. Johnst.

WOS: 000209907000037, PubMed ID: 22679594, The Amsterdam Declaration on Fungal Nomenclature was agreed at an international symposium convened in Amsterdam on 19-20 April 2011 under the auspices of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF). The purpose of the symposium was to address the issue of whether or how the current system of naming pleomorphic fungi should be maintained or changed now that molecular data are routinely available. The issue is urgent as mycologists currently follow different practices, and no consensus was achieved by a Special Committee appointed in 2005 by the International Botanical Congress to advise on the problem. The Declaration recognizes the need for an orderly transitition to a single-name nomenclatural system for all fungi, and to provide mechanisms to protect names that otherwise then become endangered. That is, meaning that priority should be given to the first described name, except where that is a younger name in general use when the first author to select a name of a pleomorphic monophyletic genus is to be followed, and suggests controversial cases are referred to a body, such as the ICTF, which will report to the Committee for Fungi. If appropriate, the ICTF could be mandated to promote the implementation of the Declaration. In addition, but not forming part of the Declaration, are reports of discussions held during the symposium on the governance of the nomenclature of fungi, and the naming of fungi known only from an environmental nucleic acid sequence in particular. Possible amendments to the Draft BioCode (2011) to allow for the needs of mycologists are suggested for further consideration, and a possible example of how a fungus only known from the environment might be described is presented., CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, The mycological community is indebted to Keith A Seifert and Robert A Samson for conceiving and organizing the One Fungus = One Name symposium. The CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre kindly provided logistical and financial support towards the organization of the symposium.