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666 results on '"Patti, Gary J."'

158. Exogenous Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress Non-Apoptotic Cell Death

Author

Magtanong, Leslie, primary, Ko, Pin-Joe, additional, To, Milton, additional, Cao, Jennifer Y., additional, Tarangelo, Amy N., additional, Ward, Carl C., additional, Cho, Kevin Y., additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, Nomura, Daniel K., additional, Olzmann, James A., additional, and Dixon, Scott J., additional

Published
2018
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159. Oxygen-17 appears only in protein in water-stressed soybean leaves labeled by [super 17][O.sub.2]

Author

Gullion, Terry, Tsyr-Yan Yu, Singh, Manmilan, Patti, Gary J., Potter, Gregory S., and Schaefer, Jacob

Subjects
Carboxylation -- Analysis, Glycine -- Chemical properties, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy -- Usage, Rubisco -- Chemical properties, Soybean -- Physiological aspects, Chemistry
Abstract

A rotational-echo adiabatic-passage double-resonance [super 13]C{[super 17]O} solid-state NMR experiment is used for proving that the glycine produced in the oxygenase reaction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase is incorporated into protein of intact, water-stressed soybean leaves exposed to [super 13]C[O.sub.2] and [super 17][O.sub.2]. The direct incorporation of glycine into protein has shown that water stress has suppressed photorespiration in soybean leaves.

Published
2010

160. Variability in [C.sub.3]-plant cell-wall biosynthesis in a high-C[O.sub.2] atmosphere by solid-state NMR spectroscopy

Author

Tsyr-Yan Yu, Singh, Manmilan, Matsuoka, Shigeru, Patti, Gary J., Potter, Gregory S., and Schaefer, Jacob

Subjects
Carbon dioxide -- Chemical properties, Glycine -- Chemical properties, Glycine -- Structure, Nitrogen fertilizers -- Chemical properties, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy -- Usage, Chemistry
Abstract

Several frequency-selective rotational-echo double-resonance (REDOR) solid-state NMR spectroscopy studies are conducted to measure the concentrations of the various glycine-glycine pairs found in proteins. The variability observed in the [C.sub.3]-plant cell-wall biosynthesis is also analyzed.

Published
2010

161. Metabolism Links Bacterial Biofilms and Colon Carcinogenesis

Author

Johnson, Caroline H., Dejea, Christine M., Edler, David, Hoang, Linh T., Santidrian, Antonio F., Felding, Brunhilde H., Ivanisevic, Julijana, Cho, Kevin, Wick, Elizabeth C., Hechenbleikner, Elizabeth M., Uritboonthai, Winnie, Goetz, Laura, Casero, Robert A., Jr., Pardoll, Drew M., White, James R., Patti, Gary J., Sears, Cynthia L., and Siuzdak, Gary

Published
2015
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162. Characterization of the peptidoglycan of vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium

Author

Patti, Gary J., Sung Joon Kim, and Schaefer, Jacob

Subjects
Vancomycin -- Genetic aspects, Vancomycin -- Structure, Enterococcus -- Genetic aspects, Enterococcus -- Structure, Plant cell walls -- Genetic aspects, Plant cell walls -- Structure, Peptidoglycans -- Research, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

A solid-state NMR was used to determine the relative concentrations of stem-links, bridge-links, and cross-links in the cell walls of vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium (ATTC 49624). The D-Ala-D-Ala is cleaved from uncross-linked stems by an active carboxypeptidase in mature peptidoglycan (PG), while the few remaining pentapeptide stems occur only in template and nascent PG stems that are crucial for cell-wall biosynthesis.

Published
2008

163. Vancomycin derivative with damaged D-Ala-D-Ala binding cleft binds to cross-linked peptidoglycan in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Sung Joon Kim, Shigeru Matsuoka, Patti, Gary J., and Schaefer, Jacob

Subjects
Vancomycin -- Chemical properties, Staphylococcus aureus -- Physiological aspects, Staphylococcus aureus -- Genetic aspects, Glycoproteins -- Chemical properties, Nuclear magnetic resonance -- Analysis, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

The identification and characterization of a des-N-methylleucyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)benzyl-vancomycin (DFPBV) binding site in the cell walls of whole cells of Staphylococcus aureus are studied. The results provide insight into the antimicrobial activity of other vancosamine-modified glycopeptides that depends upon both D-Ala-D-Ala stem-terminus recognition and stem-bridge recognition.

Published
2008

166. Quick tips for re-using metabolomics data

Author

Stancliffe, Ethan and Patti, Gary J.

Abstract

Publicly shared metabolomics data may contain key answers to central questions in cell biology, but re-use of the data is complicated by the lack of standardized experimental and computational methods in the field. This Comment provides some tips to help ensure that shared metabolomics data are re-used appropriately.

Published
2022
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167. Dose-Response Metabolomics To Understand Biochemical Mechanisms and Off-Target Drug Effects with the TOXcms Software

Author

Yao, Cong-Hui, Wang, Lingjue, Stancliffe, Ethan, Sindelar, Miriam, Cho, Kevin, Yin, Weitong, Wang, Yahui, and Patti, Gary J.

Abstract

Small-molecule drugs and toxicants commonly interact with more than a single protein target, each of which may have unique effects on cellular phenotype. Although untargeted metabolomics is often applied to understand the mode of action of these chemicals, simple pairwise comparisons of treated and untreated samples are insufficient to resolve the effects of disrupting two or more independent protein targets. Here, we introduce a workflow for dose-response metabolomics to evaluate chemicals that potentially affect multiple proteins with different potencies. Our approach relies on treating samples with various concentrations of compound prior to analysis with mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Data are then processed with software we developed called TOXcms, which statistically evaluates dose-response trends for each metabolomic signal according to user-defined tolerances and subsequently groups those that follow the same pattern. Although TOXcms was built upon the XCMS framework, it is compatible with any metabolomic data-processing software. Additionally, to enable correlation of dose responses beyond those that can be measured by metabolomics, TOXcms also accepts data from respirometry, cell death assays, other omic platforms, etc. In this work, we primarily focus on applying dose-response metabolomics to find off-target effects of drugs. Using metformin and etomoxir as examples, we demonstrate that each group of dose-response patterns identified by TOXcms signifies a metabolic response to a different protein target with a unique drug binding affinity. TOXcms is freely available on our laboratory website at http://pattilab.wustl.edu/software/toxcms.

Published
2020
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171. Oxygen-17 Appears Only in Protein in Water-Stressed Soybean Leaves Labeled by 17O2

Author

Gullion, Terry, Yu, Tsyr-Yan, Singh, Manmilan, Patti, Gary J., Potter, Gregory S., and Schaefer, Jacob

Abstract

We have used a rotational-echo adiabatic-passage double-resonance 13C{17O} solid-state NMR experiment to prove that the glycine produced in the oxygenase reaction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase is incorporated exclusively into protein (or protein precursors) of intact, water-stressed soybean leaves exposed to 13CO2and 17O2. The water stress increased stomatal resistance and decreased gas exchange so that the Calvin cycle in the leaf chloroplasts was no more than 35% 13C isotopically enriched. Labeled O2levels were sufficient, however, to increase the 17O isotopic concentration of oxygenase products 20-fold over the natural-abundance level of 0.04%. The observed direct incorporation of glycine into protein shows that water stress suppresses photorespiration in soybean leaves.

Published
2024
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172. High-Throughput Metabolomics using 96-plex Isotope Tagging

Author

Armbruster, Michael R., Grady, Scott F., Cho, Kevin, Patti, Gary J., Bythell, Benjamin J., Arnatt, Christopher K., and Edwards, James L.

Abstract

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics suffers from extended duty cycles and matrix-dependent quantitation. Chemical tags with 96 unique masses are reported, which alleviate the metabolomic workflow bottleneck and allow for absolute quantitation. A metabolic screen for carboxylic acids was performed on mammalian cells deprived of various nutrients and showed 24% RSD and analysis of 288 samples in 2 h.

Published
2024
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176. Mitochondrial Pyruvate Import Promotes Long-Term Survival of Antibody-Secreting Plasma Cells

Author

Lam, Wing Y., primary, Becker, Amy M., additional, Kennerly, Krista M., additional, Wong, Rachel, additional, Curtis, Jonathan D., additional, Llufrio, Elizabeth M., additional, McCommis, Kyle S., additional, Fahrmann, Johannes, additional, Pizzato, Hannah A., additional, Nunley, Ryan M., additional, Lee, Jieun, additional, Wolfgang, Michael J., additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, Finck, Brian N., additional, Pearce, Erika L., additional, and Bhattacharya, Deepta, additional

Published
2016
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180. Metabolism Links Bacterial Biofilms and Colon Carcinogenesis

Author

Johnson, Caroline H, Johnson, Caroline H, Dejea, Christine M, Edler, David, Hoang, Linh T, Santidrian, Antonio F, Felding, Brunhilde H, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Cho, Kevin, Wick, Elizabeth C, Hechenbleikner, Elizabeth M, Uritboonthai, Winnie, Goetz, Laura, Casero, Robert A, Pardoll, Drew M, White, James R, Patti, Gary J, Sears, Cynthia L, Siuzdak, Gary, Johnson, Caroline H, Johnson, Caroline H, Dejea, Christine M, Edler, David, Hoang, Linh T, Santidrian, Antonio F, Felding, Brunhilde H, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Cho, Kevin, Wick, Elizabeth C, Hechenbleikner, Elizabeth M, Uritboonthai, Winnie, Goetz, Laura, Casero, Robert A, Pardoll, Drew M, White, James R, Patti, Gary J, Sears, Cynthia L, and Siuzdak, Gary

Abstract

Bacterial biofilms in the colon alter the host tissue microenvironment. A role for biofilms in colon cancer metabolism has been suggested but to date has not been evaluated. Using metabolomics, we investigated the metabolic influence that microbial biofilms have on colon tissues and the related occurrence of cancer. Patient-matched colon cancers and histologically normal tissues, with or without biofilms, were examined. We show the upregulation of polyamine metabolites in tissues from cancer hosts with significant enhancement of N(1), N(12)-diacetylspermine in both biofilm-positive cancer and normal tissues. Antibiotic treatment, which cleared biofilms, decreased N(1), N(12)-diacetylspermine levels to those seen in biofilm-negative tissues, indicating that host cancer and bacterial biofilm structures contribute to the polyamine metabolite pool. These results show that colonic mucosal biofilms alter the cancer metabolome to produce a regulator of cellular proliferation and colon cancer growth potentially affecting cancer development and progression.

Published
2015

181. Arteriovenous Blood Metabolomics: A Readout of Intra-Tissue Metabostasis.

Author

Ivanisevic, Julijana, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Elias, Darlene, Deguchi, Hiroshi, Averell, Patricia M, Kurczy, Michael, Johnson, Caroline H, Tautenhahn, Ralf, Zhu, Zhengjiang, Watrous, Jeramie, Jain, Mohit, Griffin, John, Patti, Gary J, Siuzdak, Gary, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Elias, Darlene, Deguchi, Hiroshi, Averell, Patricia M, Kurczy, Michael, Johnson, Caroline H, Tautenhahn, Ralf, Zhu, Zhengjiang, Watrous, Jeramie, Jain, Mohit, Griffin, John, Patti, Gary J, and Siuzdak, Gary

Abstract

The human circulatory system consists of arterial blood that delivers nutrients to tissues, and venous blood that removes the metabolic by-products. Although it is well established that arterial blood generally has higher concentrations of glucose and oxygen relative to venous blood, a comprehensive biochemical characterization of arteriovenous differences has not yet been reported. Here we apply cutting-edge, mass spectrometry-based metabolomic technologies to provide a global characterization of metabolites that vary in concentration between the arterial and venous blood of human patients. Global profiling of paired arterial and venous plasma from 20 healthy individuals, followed up by targeted analysis made it possible to measure subtle (<2 fold), yet highly statistically significant and physiologically important differences in water soluble human plasma metabolome. While we detected changes in lactic acid, alanine, glutamine, and glutamate as expected from skeletal muscle activity, a number of unanticipated metabolites were also determined to be significantly altered including Krebs cycle intermediates, amino acids that have not been previously implicated in transport, and a few oxidized fatty acids. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment of metabolic changes in the blood during circulation to date and suggests that such profiling approach may offer new insights into organ homeostasis and organ specific pathology.

Published
2015

182. Two complementary reversed-phase separations for comprehensive coverage of the semipolar and nonpolar metabolome.

Author

Naser, Fuad J., Mahieu, Nathaniel G., Wang, Lingjue, Spalding, Jonathan L., Johnson, Stephen L., and Patti, Gary J.

Subjects
METABOLOMICS, REVERSE phase liquid chromatography, HYDROPHILIC interaction liquid chromatography, LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry, CARBON metabolism
Abstract

Although it is common in untargeted metabolomics to apply reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) methods that have been systematically optimized for lipids and central carbon metabolites, here we show that these established protocols provide poor coverage of semipolar metabolites because of inadequate retention. Our objective was to develop an RPLC approach that improved detection of these metabolites without sacrificing lipid coverage. We initially evaluated columns recently released by Waters under the CORTECS line by analyzing 47 small-molecule standards that evenly span the nonpolar and semipolar ranges. An RPLC method commonly used in untargeted metabolomics was considered a benchmarking reference. We found that highly nonpolar and semipolar metabolites cannot be reliably profiled with any single method because of retention and solubility limitations of the injection solvent. Instead, we optimized a multiplexed approach using the CORTECS T3 column to analyze semipolar compounds and the CORTECS C column to analyze lipids. Strikingly, we determined that combining these methods allowed detection of 41 of the total 47 standards, whereas our reference RPLC method detected only 10 of the 47 standards. We then applied credentialing to compare method performance at the comprehensive scale. The tandem method showed more than a fivefold increase in credentialing coverage relative to our RPLC benchmark. Our results demonstrate that comprehensive coverage of metabolites amenable to reversed-phase separation necessitates two reconstitution solvents and chromatographic methods. Thus, we suggest complementing HILIC methods with a dual T3 and C RPLC approach to increase coverage of semipolar metabolites and lipids for untargeted metabolomics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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186. Arteriovenous Blood Metabolomics: A Readout of Intra-Tissue Metabostasis

Author

Ivanisevic, Julijana, primary, Elias, Darlene, additional, Deguchi, Hiroshi, additional, Averell, Patricia M., additional, Kurczy, Michael, additional, Johnson, Caroline H., additional, Tautenhahn, Ralf, additional, Zhu, Zhengjiang, additional, Watrous, Jeramie, additional, Jain, Mohit, additional, Griffin, John, additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, and Siuzdak, Gary, additional

Published
2015
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189. Comprehensive bioimaging with fluorinated nanoparticles using breathable liquids

Author

Kurczy, Michael E., primary, Zhu, Zheng-Jiang, additional, Ivanisevic, Julijana, additional, Schuyler, Adam M., additional, Lalwani, Kush, additional, Santidrian, Antonio F., additional, David, John M., additional, Giddabasappa, Anand, additional, Roberts, Amanda J., additional, Olivos, Hernando J., additional, O’Brien, Peter J., additional, Franco, Lauren, additional, Fields, Matthew W., additional, Paris, Liliana P., additional, Friedlander, Martin, additional, Johnson, Caroline H., additional, Epstein, Adrian A., additional, Gendelman, Howard E., additional, Wood, Malcolm R., additional, Felding, Brunhilde H., additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, Spilker, Mary E., additional, and Siuzdak, Gary, additional

Published
2015
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190. Interactive XCMS Online: simplifying advanced metabolomic data processing and subsequent statistical analyses.

Author

Gowda, Harsha, Gowda, Harsha, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Johnson, Caroline H, Kurczy, Michael E, Benton, H Paul, Rinehart, Duane, Nguyen, Thomas, Ray, Jayashree, Kuehl, Jennifer, Arevalo, Bernardo, Westenskow, Peter D, Wang, Junhua, Arkin, Adam P, Deutschbauer, Adam M, Patti, Gary J, Siuzdak, Gary, Gowda, Harsha, Gowda, Harsha, Ivanisevic, Julijana, Johnson, Caroline H, Kurczy, Michael E, Benton, H Paul, Rinehart, Duane, Nguyen, Thomas, Ray, Jayashree, Kuehl, Jennifer, Arevalo, Bernardo, Westenskow, Peter D, Wang, Junhua, Arkin, Adam P, Deutschbauer, Adam M, Patti, Gary J, and Siuzdak, Gary

Abstract

XCMS Online (xcmsonline.scripps.edu) is a cloud-based informatic platform designed to process and visualize mass-spectrometry-based, untargeted metabolomic data. Initially, the platform was developed for two-group comparisons to match the independent, "control" versus "disease" experimental design. Here, we introduce an enhanced XCMS Online interface that enables users to perform dependent (paired) two-group comparisons, meta-analysis, and multigroup comparisons, with comprehensive statistical output and interactive visualization tools. Newly incorporated statistical tests cover a wide array of univariate analyses. Multigroup comparison allows for the identification of differentially expressed metabolite features across multiple classes of data while higher order meta-analysis facilitates the identification of shared metabolic patterns across multiple two-group comparisons. Given the complexity of these data sets, we have developed an interactive platform where users can monitor the statistical output of univariate (cloud plots) and multivariate (PCA plots) data analysis in real time by adjusting the threshold and range of various parameters. On the interactive cloud plot, metabolite features can be filtered out by their significance level (p-value), fold change, mass-to-charge ratio, retention time, and intensity. The variation pattern of each feature can be visualized on both extracted-ion chromatograms and box plots. The interactive principal component analysis includes scores, loadings, and scree plots that can be adjusted depending on scaling criteria. The utility of XCMS functionalities is demonstrated through the metabolomic analysis of bacterial stress response and the comparison of lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines.

Published
2014

191. Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibition initiates metabolic crosstalk to stimulate branched chain amino acid catabolism.

Author

Ferguson, Daniel, Eichler, Sophie J., Yiew, Nicole K.H., Colca, Jerry R., Cho, Kevin, Patti, Gary J., Shew, Trevor M., Lutkewitte, Andrew J., Mukherjee, Sandip, McCommis, Kyle S., Niemi, Natalie M., and Finck, Brian N.

Abstract

The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) has emerged as a therapeutic target for treating insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We evaluated whether MPC inhibitors (MPCi) might correct impairments in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, which are predictive of developing diabetes and NASH. Circulating BCAA concentrations were measured in people with NASH and type 2 diabetes, who participated in a recent randomized, placebo-controlled Phase IIB clinical trial to test the efficacy and safety of the MPCi MSDC-0602K (EMMINENCE; NCT02784444). In this 52-week trial, patients were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 94) or 250 mg MSDC-0602K (n = 101). Human hepatoma cell lines and mouse primary hepatocytes were used to test the direct effects of various MPCi on BCAA catabolism in vitro. Lastly, we investigated how hepatocyte-specific deletion of MPC2 affects BCAA metabolism in the liver of obese mice and MSDC-0602K treatment of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. In patients with NASH, MSDC-0602K treatment, which led to marked improvements in insulin sensitivity and diabetes, had decreased plasma concentrations of BCAAs compared to baseline while placebo had no effect. The rate-limiting enzyme in BCAA catabolism is the mitochondrial branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), which is deactivated by phosphorylation. In multiple human hepatoma cell lines, MPCi markedly reduced BCKDH phosphorylation and stimulated branched chain keto acid catabolism; an effect that required the BCKDH phosphatase PPM1K. Mechanistically, the effects of MPCi were linked to activation of the energy sensing AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase signaling cascades in vitro. BCKDH phosphorylation was reduced in liver of obese, hepatocyte-specific MPC2 knockout (LS- Mpc2 −/−) mice compared to wild-type controls concomitant with activation of mTOR signaling in vivo. Finally, while MSDC-0602K treatment improved glucose homeostasis and increased the concentrations of some BCAA metabolites in ZDF rats, it did not lower plasma BCAA concentrations. These data demonstrate novel cross talk between mitochondrial pyruvate and BCAA metabolism and suggest that MPC inhibition leads to lower plasma BCAA concentrations and BCKDH phosphorylation by activating the mTOR axis. However, the effects of MPCi on glucose homeostasis may be separable from its effects on BCAA concentrations. [Display omitted] • Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibition reduced phosphorylation of the branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase. • MPC inhibition enhances branched chain ketoacid oxidation in vitro and lowers plasma BCAA concentrations in people. • Metabolic crosstalk between mitochondrial pyruvate and BCAA metabolism involves the mTOR kinase pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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192. Autonomous Metabolomics for Rapid Metabolite Identification in Global Profiling

Author

Benton, H. Paul, primary, Ivanisevic, Julijana, additional, Mahieu, Nathaniel G., additional, Kurczy, Michael E., additional, Johnson, Caroline H., additional, Franco, Lauren, additional, Rinehart, Duane, additional, Valentine, Elizabeth, additional, Gowda, Harsha, additional, Ubhi, Baljit K., additional, Tautenhahn, Ralf, additional, Gieschen, Andrew, additional, Fields, Matthew W., additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, and Siuzdak, Gary, additional

Published
2014
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197. Interactive XCMS Online: Simplifying Advanced Metabolomic Data Processing and Subsequent Statistical Analyses

Author

Gowda, Harsha, primary, Ivanisevic, Julijana, additional, Johnson, Caroline H., additional, Kurczy, Michael E., additional, Benton, H. Paul, additional, Rinehart, Duane, additional, Nguyen, Thomas, additional, Ray, Jayashree, additional, Kuehl, Jennifer, additional, Arevalo, Bernardo, additional, Westenskow, Peter D., additional, Wang, Junhua, additional, Arkin, Adam P., additional, Deutschbauer, Adam M., additional, Patti, Gary J., additional, and Siuzdak, Gary, additional

Published
2014
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198. Metabolomic data streaming for biology-dependent data acquisition

Author

Rinehart, Duane, primary, Johnson, Caroline H, additional, Nguyen, Thomas, additional, Ivanisevic, Julijana, additional, Benton, H Paul, additional, Lloyd, Jessica, additional, Arkin, Adam P, additional, Deutschbauer, Adam M, additional, Patti, Gary J, additional, and Siuzdak, Gary, additional

Published
2014
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200. Mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism and glutaminolysis toggle steady-state and emergency myelopoiesis

Author

Pizzato, Hannah A., Wang, Yahui, Wolfgang, Michael J., Finck, Brian N., Patti, Gary J., and Bhattacharya, Deepta

Abstract

To define the metabolic requirements of hematopoiesis, we examined blood lineages in mice conditionally deficient in genes required for long-chain fatty acid oxidation (Cpt2), glutaminolysis (Gls), or mitochondrial pyruvate import (Mpc2). Genetic ablation of Cpt2 or Gls minimally impacted most blood lineages. In contrast, deletion of Mpc2 led to a sharp decline in mature myeloid cells and a slower reduction in T cells, whereas other hematopoietic lineages were unaffected. Yet MPC2-deficient monocytes and neutrophils rapidly recovered due to a transient and specific increase in myeloid progenitor proliferation. Competitive bone marrow chimera and stable isotope tracing experiments demonstrated that this proliferative burst was progenitor intrinsic and accompanied by a metabolic switch to glutaminolysis. Myeloid recovery after loss of MPC2 or cyclophosphamide treatment was delayed in the absence of GLS. Reciprocally, MPC2 was not required for myeloid recovery after cyclophosphamide treatment. Thus, mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism maintains myelopoiesis under steady-state conditions, while glutaminolysis in progenitors promotes emergency myelopoiesis.

Published
2023
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