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151. Comprehensive Parametric Optimization of Environmentally Friendly Lead-Free Double Perovskite Cs2bicui6 Solar Cells to Achieve 32% Conversion Efficiency

Author

Uddin, Md. Shihab, primary, Hossain, M. Khalid, additional, Toki, Gazi F. I., additional, Mohammad, M. R., additional, Tawfeek, Ahmed M., additional, Haldhar, Rajesh, additional, Saadu Itas, Yahaya, additional, Gogoi, Dipankar, additional, Dwivedi, D.K., additional, Madan, Jaya, additional, and Pandey, Rahul, additional

Published
2024
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163. Lead-free Ge-based perovskite solar cell incorporating TiO2and Cu2O charge transport layers harnessing over 25% efficiency

Author

Uddin, M. Shihab, Al Mashud, Md. Abdullah, Toki, G. F. Ishraque, Pandey, Rahul, Zulfiqar, Muhammad, Saidani, Okba, Chandran, Karnan, Ouladsmane, Mohamed, and Hossain, M. Khalid

Abstract

In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), particularly those comprised of organic–inorganic lead halides, resulting in a remarkable record efficiency of 25.20%. However, the persistent issue of lead toxicity poses a considerable barrier to their widespread commercial adoption. To address this challenge, this study focuses on the optimization of lead-free germanium-based halide PSCs using SCAPS-1D simulation software. In our investigation, CsGeI3serves as the absorber layer, TiO2functions as the electron transport layer (ETL), Cu2O is utilized as the hole transport layer (HTL), and various metals are employed as the back metal contact (BMC). The optimization of the BMC leads to the establishment of the FTO/TiO2/CsGeI3/Cu2O/Ni structure. Subsequent optimization steps include fine-tuning the thickness of the absorber, ETL, and HTL layers, as well as optimizing acceptor doping and defect density in the absorber and HTL layers. Sequentially, donor doping and defect density in the ETL are investigated. Interfacial defect densities, along with the impact of temperature, series resistance, and shunt resistance on the photovoltaic performance, are also considered. Upon completion of these optimization procedures, the final device exhibits notable performance characteristics, including an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.165 V, fill factor (FF) of 88.52%, short-circuit current density (JSC) of 24.40 mA/cm2, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.16%. Furthermore, the optimized structure without Cu2O HTL demonstrates impressive performance, yielding a PCE of 25.15%. The outcomes presented in this study hold promise for the development of advanced lead-free PSCs, paving the way for high conversion efficiencies in future solar energy technologies.

Published
2024
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164. Attaining above 30% efficiency of PbS-based colloidal quantum dot solar cell using MoO3and SnO2as charge transport layers: a numerical approach

Author

Singh, Jyoti, Agarwal, Surbhi, Srivastava, Vaibhava, Sadanand, Maurya, Hossain, M. Khalid, Pandey, Rahul, Madan, Jaya, Lohia, Pooja, Dwivedi, D. K., and Ouladsmane, Mohamed

Abstract

In order to alleviate the existing global energy and environmental difficulties related to the usage of fossil fuels, there is requirement of improved energy alternatives such as limitless solar energy. The creation of low-cost photovoltaic devices and their design are of significant interest which represent the pinnacle of effective solar energy harvesting. PbS colloidal quantum dot solar cell has a promising ability for ultra-thin solar cell applications. In the present work, the device architecture indium tin oxide/SnO2/PbS–TBAI/MoO3/Au has been used in which MoO3(molybdenum trioxide) is employed as HTL (hole transport layer) with 3.0 eV bandgap and SnO2(tin (IV) oxide) as ETL (electron transport layer) with 3.5 eV bandgap and PbS–TBAI (tetrabutylammonium iodide) is used as an absorber layer with 1.2 eV bandgap. Further, 1D solar cell capacitance simulation program tool (SCAPS-1D) is used to obtain energy band diagram, quantum energy and current density curve. The achieved value of power conversion efficiency is 30.16%, Voc(open-circuit voltage) is 0.9025 V, Jsc(short-circuit current density) is 38.746 mA/cm2and fill factor is 86.14%. For further optimization, the impact of temperature, thickness of active layer and work function on the PV parameters has been studied.

Published
2024
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165. Detection and mapping of supraglacial lakes on East Antarctic margin using Landsat 8 OLI during 2014-2023.

Author

Pandey, Rahul and Luis, Alvarinho J.

Subjects
*LANDSAT satellites, *KATABATIC winds, *MERIDIONAL winds, *LAKES, *ATMOSPHERIC temperature
Abstract

Using an optical band index generated from Landsat 8 OLI data, an inventory of Antarctic supraglacial lakes (size >0.01 km2) during 2014-2023 is presented. Shaded snow, cloud and rock shadow were removed by using a band-based filter. Over the north Antarctica, we identified 639 lakes covering an area of 520.79 km2, 1025 lakes covering 272.82 km2 over the East Antarctica, and 1045 lakes covering 93 km2 over south Antarctica. The influence of air temperature, 10-m zonal/meridional wind components and climate indices on surface melt were investigated. Over the north Antarctica, air temperature promoted melt, while Föhn and katabatic winds warmed adiabatically along the leeward side of the elevated features and initiated melt in south Antarctica. Nearly all areas have exhibited a decrease in melt over the past few years, and the number of melt cases dropped after 2020. Negative SAM index favoured melt over the north Antarctica. This study identified new SGLs, which will be a benchmark for further studies. The undulating terrain posed a difficulty for collecting and interpreting satellite data, which should be addressed using advanced technologies and algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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166. An In‐Depth Investigation of the Combined Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Properties of Lead‐Free Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite Solar Cells Using DFT and SCAPS‐1D Frameworks.

Author

Uddin, M. Shihab, Hossain, M. Khalid, Uddin, Md Borhan, Toki, Gazi F. I., Ouladsmane, Mohamed, Rubel, Mirza H. K., Tishkevich, Daria I., Sasikumar, P., Haldhar, Rajesh, and Pandey, Rahul

Subjects
SOLAR cells, PEROVSKITE, SOLAR technology, QUANTUM efficiency, DENSITY functional theory, CESIUM compounds
Abstract

In the backdrop of today's environmental priorities, where toxicity and stability hinder lead‐based perovskite solar cell (PSC) progress, the emergence of lead‐free alternatives like Cs2AgBiBr6 perovskites has gained significance. This study revolves around the comprehensive evaluation of Cs2AgBiBr6 as a potential photovoltaic (PV) material, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with CASTEP. Revealing a vital bandgap of 1.654 eV and emphasizing the contributions of Ag‐4d and Br‐4p orbitals, this analysis also underscores Ag atoms' dominance in charge distribution. Optically, Cs2AgBiBr6 exhibits UV absorption peaks around 15 eV, intensifying with photon energy up to 3.75 eV, hinting at its promise for solar applications. Guided by DFT, forty configurations involving various electron transport layers (ETLs) and hole transport layers (HTLs) are explored. Among these, CNTS emerges as the prime HTL due to ideal absorber alignment. The spotlight architecture, FTO/AZnO/Cs2AgBiBr6/CNTS/Au, boasts exceptional efficiency (23.5%), Voc (1.38 V), Jsc (21.38 mA cm−2), and FF (79.9%). In contrast, FTO/CdZnS/Cs2AgBiBr6/CNTS/Au achieves a slightly lower 23.15% efficiency. Real‐world intricacies are probed, encompassing resistances, temperature, current–voltage (J–V) traits, and quantum efficiency (QE), enhancing practical relevance. These findings are thoughtfully contextualized within prior literature, showcasing the study's contributions to non‐toxic, inorganic perovskite solar technology. This work aspires to positively steer sustainable PV advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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168. Scattering at condensed-phase surfaces: general discussion.

Author

Auerbach, Daniel J., Babikov, Dmitri, Butler, Alexander, Chandler, David W., Fingerhut, Jan, Hua Guo, Harding, Dan J., Heathcote, David, Hertl, Nils, Bin Jiang, Kroes, Geert-Jan, Lane, Paul D., Loreau, Jérôme, Mackenzie, Stuart R., McKendrick, Kenneth G., Moon, Daniel R., Nathanson, Gilbert M., Neumark, Daniel M., Pandey, Rahul, and Schatz, George C.

Abstract

The article focuses on a general discussion of scattering phenomena at condensed-phase surfaces, particularly in relation to the challenges and techniques involved in measuring angular distributions of evaporating atoms. Topics include the difficulties of measuring angular distributions from cylindrical jets versus flat jets, the prediction of helium atom evaporation patterns, and the observation of surfactant segregation in microjets.

Published
2024
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