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151. Life-threatening infections in children in Europe (the EUCLIDS Project): a prospective cohort study

Author

Martinón-Torres, Federico, primary, Salas, Antonio, additional, Rivero-Calle, Irene, additional, Cebey-López, Miriam, additional, Pardo-Seco, Jacobo, additional, Herberg, Jethro A, additional, Boeddha, Navin P, additional, Klobassa, Daniela S, additional, Secka, Fatou, additional, Paulus, Stephane, additional, de Groot, Ronald, additional, Schlapbach, Luregn J, additional, Driessen, Gertjan J, additional, Anderson, Suzanne T, additional, Emonts, Marieke, additional, Zenz, Werner, additional, Carrol, Enitan D, additional, Van der Flier, Michiel, additional, Levin, Michael, additional, Coin, Lachlan, additional, Gormley, Stuart, additional, Hamilton, Shea, additional, Herberg, Jethro, additional, Hourmat, Bernardo, additional, Hoggart, Clive, additional, Kaforou, Myrsini, additional, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, additional, Wright, Victoria, additional, Abdulla, Amina, additional, Agapow, Paul, additional, Bartlett, Maeve, additional, Bellos, Evangelos, additional, Eleftherohorinou, Hariklia, additional, Galassini, Rachel, additional, Inwald, David, additional, Mashbat, Meg, additional, Menikou, Stefanie, additional, Mustafa, Sobia, additional, Nadel, Simon, additional, Rahman, Rahmeen, additional, Thakker, Clare, additional, Bokhandi, Sumit, additional, Power, Sue, additional, Barham, Heather, additional, Pathan, Nazima, additional, Ridout, Jenna, additional, White, Deborah, additional, Thurston, Sarah, additional, Faust, Saul, additional, Patel, Sanjay, additional, McCorkell, Jenni, additional, Davies, Patrick, additional, Crate, Lindsey, additional, Navarra, Helen, additional, Carter, Stephanie, additional, Ramaiah, Raghu, additional, Patel, Rekha, additional, Tuffrey, Catherine, additional, Gribbin, Andrew, additional, McCready, Sharon, additional, Peters, Mark, additional, Hardy, Katie, additional, Standing, Fran, additional, O'Neill, Lauren, additional, Abelake, Eugenia, additional, Deep, Akash, additional, Nsirim, Eniola, additional, Pollard, Andrew, additional, Willis, Louise, additional, Young, Zoe, additional, Royad, C, additional, White, Sonia, additional, Fortune, Peter Marc, additional, Hudnott, Phil, additional, Martinón-Torres, Federico, additional, Salas Ellacuriaga, Antonio, additional, Álvez González, Fernando, additional, Barral-Arca, Ruth, additional, Curras-Tuala, María José, additional, García, Natalia, additional, García Vicente, Luisa, additional, Gómez-Carballa, Alberto, additional, Gómez Rial, Jose, additional, Grela Beiroa, Andrea, additional, Justicia Grande, Antonio, additional, Leboráns Iglesias, Pilar, additional, Martínez Santos, Alba Elena, additional, Martinón-Torres, Nazareth, additional, Martinón Sánchez, José María, additional, Morillo Gutiérrez, Beatriz, additional, Mosquera Pérez, Belén, additional, Obando Pacheco, Pablo, additional, Pischedda, Sara, additional, Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Carmen, additional, Redondo-Collazo, Lorenzo, additional, Serén Fernández, Sonia, additional, Porto Silva, María del Sol, additional, Vega, Ana, additional, Vilanova Trillo, Lucía, additional, Reyes, Susana Beatriz, additional, León León, María Cruz, additional, Navarro Mingorance, Álvaro, additional, Gabaldó Barrios, Xavier, additional, Oñate Vergara, Eider, additional, Concha Torre, Andrés, additional, Vivanco, Ana, additional, Fernández, Reyes, additional, Giménez Sánchez, Francisco, additional, Sánchez Forte, Miguel, additional, Rojo, Pablo, additional, Ruiz Contreras, Jesús, additional, Palacios, Alba, additional, Epalza Ibarrondo, Cristina, additional, Fernández Cooke, Elizabeth, additional, Navarro, Marisa, additional, Álvarez Álvarez, Cristina, additional, Lozano, María José, additional, Carreras, Eduardo, additional, Brió Sanagustín, Sonia, additional, Neth, Olaf, additional, Martínez Padilla, María del Carmen, additional, Prieto Tato, Luis Manuel, additional, Guillén, Sara, additional, Fernández Silveira, Laura, additional, Moreno, David, additional, van Furth, A. Marceline, additional, van der Flier, Michiel, additional, Boeddha, Navin Prekash, additional, Driessen, Gertjan JA, additional, Hazelzet, Jan A, additional, Kuijpers, Taco W, additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, Sanders, Elisabeth AM, additional, van de Beek, Diederik, additional, van der Ende, Arie, additional, Philipsen, Ria LA, additional, Adeel, Abdul OA, additional, Breukels, Meike A, additional, Brinkman, Danielle MC, additional, de Korte, Carla CMM, additional, de Vries, Esther, additional, de Waal, Wouter J, additional, Dekkers, Roel, additional, Dings-Lammertink, Anouk, additional, Doedens, Rienus A, additional, Donker, Albertine E, additional, Dousma, Mieke, additional, Faber, Tina E, additional, Gerrits, G Peter JM, additional, Gerver, Jan AM, additional, Heidema, Jojanneke, additional, Homan-van der Veen, Jenneke, additional, Jacobs, Monique AM, additional, Jansen, Nicolaas JG, additional, Kawczynski, Pawel, additional, Klucovska, Kristine, additional, Kneyber, Martin CJ, additional, Koopman-Keemink, Yvonne, additional, Langenhorst, Veerle J, additional, Leusink, José, additional, Loza, Bettina F, additional, Merth, Istvan T, additional, Miedema, Carien J, additional, Neeleman, Chris, additional, Noordzij, Jeroen G, additional, Obihara, Charles C, additional, van Overbeek - van Gils, A Lidy T, additional, Poortman, Geriska H, additional, Potgieter, Steph T, additional, Potjewijd, Joke, additional, Rosias, Philippe PR, additional, Sprong, Tom, additional, ten Tussher, Gavin W, additional, Thio, Boony J, additional, Tramper-Stranders, Gerdien A, additional, van Deuren, Marcel, additional, van der Meer, Henny, additional, van Kuppevelt, Andre JM, additional, van Wermeskerken, Anne-Marie, additional, Verwijs, Wim A, additional, Wolfs, Tom FW, additional, Schlapbach, Luregn Jan, additional, Agyeman, Philipp, additional, Aebi, Christoph, additional, Berger, Christoph, additional, Giannoni, Eric, additional, Stocker, Martin, additional, Posfay-Barbe, Klara M, additional, Heininger, Ulrich, additional, Bernhard-Stirnemann, Sara, additional, Niederer-Loher, Anita, additional, Kahlert, Christian, additional, Hasters, Paul, additional, Relly, Christa, additional, Baer, Walter, additional, Carrol, Enitan, additional, Paulus, Stéphane, additional, Frederick, Hannah, additional, Jennings, Rebecca, additional, Johnston, Joanne, additional, Kenwright, Rhian, additional, Fink, Colin G, additional, Pinnock, Elli, additional, Agbeko, Rachel Sarah, additional, Bojang, Kalifa A, additional, Sarr, Isatou, additional, Kebbeh, Ngange, additional, Sey, Gibbi, additional, Saidykhan, Momodou, additional, Cole, Fatoumata, additional, Thomas, Gilleh, additional, Antonio, Martin, additional, Klobassa, Daniela Sabine, additional, Binder, Alexander, additional, Schweintzger, Nina Alexandra, additional, Sagmeister, Manfred, additional, Baumgart, Hinrich, additional, Baumgartner, Markus, additional, Behrends, Uta, additional, Biebl, Ariane, additional, Birnbacher, Robert, additional, Blanke, Jan-Gerd, additional, Boelke, Carsten, additional, Breuling, Kai, additional, Brunner, Jürgen, additional, Buller, Maria, additional, Dahlem, Peter, additional, Dietrich, Beate, additional, Eber, Ernst, additional, Elias, Johannes, additional, Emhofer, Josef, additional, Etschmaier, Rosa, additional, Farr, Sebastian, additional, Girtler, Ylenia, additional, Grigorow, Irina, additional, Heimann, Konrad, additional, Ihm, Ulrike, additional, Jaros, Zdenek, additional, Kalhoff, Hermann, additional, Kaulfersch, Wilhelm, additional, Kemen, Christoph, additional, Klocker, Nina, additional, Köster, Bernhard, additional, Kohlmaier, Benno, additional, Komini, Eleni, additional, Kramer, Lydia, additional, Neubert, Antje, additional, Ortner, Daniel, additional, Pescollderungg, Lydia, additional, Pfurtscheller, Klaus, additional, Reiter, Karl, additional, Ristic, Goran, additional, Rödl, Siegfried, additional, Sellner, Andrea, additional, Sonnleitner, Astrid, additional, Sperl, Matthias, additional, Stelzl, Wolfgang, additional, Till, Holger, additional, Trobisch, Andreas, additional, Vierzig, Anne, additional, Vogel, Ulrich, additional, Weingarten, Christina, additional, Welke, Stefanie, additional, Wimmer, Andreas, additional, Wintergerst, Uwe, additional, Wüller, Daniel, additional, Zaunschirm, Andrew, additional, Ziuraite, Ieva, additional, and Žukovskaja, Veslava, additional

Published
2018
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152. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Occurrence of Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia

Author

Elders, Philip N.D., primary, in 't Veld, Josine, additional, Termote, Jacqueline, additional, de Vries, Linda S., additional, Hemels, Marieke A.C., additional, van Straaten, Henrica L.M., additional, van der Sluijs, Jacqueline, additional, Kornelisse, René F., additional, Wolthers, Katja C., additional, van de Loo, Moniek, additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2018
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153. Congenital Cytomegalovirus

Author

Luck, Suzanne E., primary, Wieringa, Jantien W., additional, Blázquez-Gamero, Daniel, additional, Henneke, Philipp, additional, Schuster, Katharina, additional, Butler, Karina, additional, Capretti, Maria Grazia, additional, Cilleruelo, Maria José, additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Garofoli, Francesca, additional, Heath, Paul, additional, Iosifidis, Elias, additional, Klein, Nigel, additional, Lombardi, Giuseppina, additional, Lyall, Hermione, additional, Nieminen, Tea, additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, Papaevangelou, Vassiliki, additional, Posfay-Barbe, Klara, additional, Puhakka, Laura, additional, Roilides, Emmanuel, additional, Rojo, Pablo, additional, Saavedra-Lozano, Jesús, additional, Shah, Teshri, additional, Sharland, Mike, additional, Saxen, Harri, additional, and Vossen, Ann C.T.M, additional

Published
2017
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155. Neurodevelopmental delay in pediatric HIV/AIDS: current perspectives

Author

Pajkrt, Dasja, Blokhuis,Charlotte, Caan,Matthan, and Kootstra,Neeltje

Subjects
Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine, virus diseases
Abstract

Charlotte Blokhuis,1 Neeltje A Kootstra,2 Matthan WA Caan,3 Dasja Pajkrt1 1Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, 2Department of Experimental Immunology, 3Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Abstract: The effects of HIV on the developing nervous system of perinatally HIV (PHIV)-infected children are substantial, yet poorly understood. While the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduced the prevalence of HIV encephalopathy, many cART-treated PHIV-infected children still present with neurodevelopmental delays and cognitive impairment. The underlying pathogenesis may partially differ from that in adults, as HIV not only causes direct injury to the central nervous system (CNS) but may also impede the development of the pediatric brain. Increasing evidence implies significant roles for ongoing neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction and hypercoagulability induced by HIV despite adequate viral suppression. Subsequent manifestations of HIV in the pediatric brain include gray-matter volume reduction, white-matter lesions, and basal ganglia calcifications, but even in the absence of such macrostructural changes, the detrimental effects of HIV are clearly revealed in widespread microstructural changes, such as poorer white-matter integrity and alterations in cerebral metabolites and blood flow. Viral suppression on cART evidently does not fully protect against cerebral injury, but knowledge concerning the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cART in the pediatric CNS is lacking. Investigations combining neuropsychological assessment, multimodal neuroimaging, and laboratory evaluation of inflammatory and neurodegenerative markers could greatly increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV in the developing nervous system and improve treatment and prevention strategies. Longitudinal research will be crucial to observe the long-term consequences of CNS exposure to HIV and cART in PHIV-infected children as they survive into adulthood. Keywords: perinatally HIV-infected children, cognitive functioning, neuroinflammation, cerebral injury, cART

Published
2016

157. CNS penetration of ART in HIV-infected children

Author

Van den Hof, Malon, primary, Blokhuis, Charlotte, additional, Cohen, Sophie, additional, Scherpbier, Henriette J, additional, Wit, Ferdinand W N M, additional, Pistorius, M C M, additional, Kootstra, Neeltje A, additional, Teunissen, Charlotte E, additional, Mathot, Ron A A, additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2017
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158. Strain-dependent neutralization reveals antigenic variation of human parechovirus 3

Author

Karelehto, Eveliina, primary, van der Sanden, Sabine, additional, Geraets, James A., additional, Domanska, Aušra, additional, van der Linden, Lonneke, additional, Hoogendoorn, Dionne, additional, Koen, Gerrit, additional, van Eijk, Hetty, additional, Shakeel, Shabih, additional, Beaumont, Tim, additional, de Jong, Menno, additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, Butcher, Sarah J., additional, and Wolthers, Katja C., additional

Published
2017
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160. Country of Birth Does Not Influence Long-term Clinical, Virologic, and Immunological Outcome of HIV-Infected Children Living in the Netherlands : A Cohort Study Comparing Children Born in the Netherlands With Children Born in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Cohen, Sophie, van Bilsen, Ward P. H., Smit, Colette, Fraaij, Pieter L. A., Warris, Adilia, Kuijpers, Taco W., Geelen, SPM, Wolfs, Tom F. W., Scherpbier, Henriette J., van Rossum, Annemarie M. C., Pajkrt, Dasja, and Dutch Pediat HIV Study Grp

Subjects
RISK, ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, antiretroviral therapy, DISEASE PROGRESSION, HIV, IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1, IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION, ETHNICITY, VIRAL LOAD, children, SURVIVAL, Journal Article, Comparative Study, NEW-YORK-CITY, HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN, country of birth, Netherlands
Abstract

Background:Immigrant HIV-infected adults in industrialized countries show a poorer clinical and virologic outcome compared with native patients. We aimed to investigate potential differences in clinical, immunological, and virologic outcome in Dutch HIV-infected children born in the Netherlands (NL) versus born in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in a national cohort analysis.Methods:We included all HIV-infected children registered between 1996 and 2013. Descriptive statistics, mixed-effects models, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate differences between groups.Results:In total, 319 HIV-infected children were registered. The majority of these children were born in SSA (n = 148, 47%) or NL (n = 113, 36%) and most were black (n = 158, 61%). Children born in NL were diagnosed at a median age of 1.2 years and initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at a median age of 2.6 years, compared with 3.7 and 5.3 years, respectively, for children born in SSA (HIV diagnosis: P

Published
2015

162. Virological and Social Outcomes of HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults in the Netherlands before and after Transition to Adult Care

Author

Weijsenfeld, Annouschka M., Smit, Colette, Cohen, Sophie, Wit, Ferdinand W N M, Mutschelknauss, Michelle, Van Der Knaap, Linda C., Van Zonneveld, Laura M., Zomer, Bert J., Nauta, Nike, Patist, Joke C., Kuipers-Jansen, Marien H J, Smit, Esther P., Blokhuis, Charlotte, Pajkrt, Dasja, Weijsenfeld, A. M., Cohen, S., Blokhuis, C., Van Der Plas, A., Scherpbier, H. J., Mutschelknauss, M., Nellen, F. J B, Prins, J. M., Pajkrt, D., Smit, C., Wit, F. W N M, Reiss, P., Van Der Knaap, L., Visser, E., Van Zonneveld, L. M., Vriesde, M. E., Bassant, N. Y., Van Der Ende, M. E., Van Rossum, A. M C, Driessen, G. J A, Fraaij, P. L A, Smit, J. V., Smit, E. P., Kastelijns, M. P W, Den Hollander, J. G., Pogány, K., Moons, C., Kroon, F. P., Oude Geerdink, E., Van Der Meche, I. B., Schouten, W. E M, Brinkman, K., Ter Beest, G., Gisolf, E. H., Richter, C., Zomer, B. J., Strik-Albers, R., Van Der Flier, M., Henriet, S. S., Koopmans, P. P., Patist, J. C., Nauta, N., Geelen, S. P M, Wolfs, T. F W, Hoepelman, I. M., Mudrikova, T., Van Der Meulen, P. A., De Jonge, H., Scholvink, E. H., Bierman, W. F W, Van Den Berg, J. F., Bouwhuis, J. W., Faber, S., Van Vonderen, M., Schippers, J. A., Lowe, S. H., Kuipers-Jansen, M. H J, Van Kasteren, M. E E, Brouwer, A. E., Pronk, D. C., Kortmann, W., Weijsenfeld, Annouschka M., Smit, Colette, Cohen, Sophie, Wit, Ferdinand W N M, Mutschelknauss, Michelle, Van Der Knaap, Linda C., Van Zonneveld, Laura M., Zomer, Bert J., Nauta, Nike, Patist, Joke C., Kuipers-Jansen, Marien H J, Smit, Esther P., Blokhuis, Charlotte, Pajkrt, Dasja, Weijsenfeld, A. M., Cohen, S., Blokhuis, C., Van Der Plas, A., Scherpbier, H. J., Mutschelknauss, M., Nellen, F. J B, Prins, J. M., Pajkrt, D., Smit, C., Wit, F. W N M, Reiss, P., Van Der Knaap, L., Visser, E., Van Zonneveld, L. M., Vriesde, M. E., Bassant, N. Y., Van Der Ende, M. E., Van Rossum, A. M C, Driessen, G. J A, Fraaij, P. L A, Smit, J. V., Smit, E. P., Kastelijns, M. P W, Den Hollander, J. G., Pogány, K., Moons, C., Kroon, F. P., Oude Geerdink, E., Van Der Meche, I. B., Schouten, W. E M, Brinkman, K., Ter Beest, G., Gisolf, E. H., Richter, C., Zomer, B. J., Strik-Albers, R., Van Der Flier, M., Henriet, S. S., Koopmans, P. P., Patist, J. C., Nauta, N., Geelen, S. P M, Wolfs, T. F W, Hoepelman, I. M., Mudrikova, T., Van Der Meulen, P. A., De Jonge, H., Scholvink, E. H., Bierman, W. F W, Van Den Berg, J. F., Bouwhuis, J. W., Faber, S., Van Vonderen, M., Schippers, J. A., Lowe, S. H., Kuipers-Jansen, M. H J, Van Kasteren, M. E E, Brouwer, A. E., Pronk, D. C., and Kortmann, W.

Published
2016

164. Prolonged Shedding of Human Parechovirus in Feces of Young Children after Symptomatic Infection

Author

Infectieziekten onderzoek1 (Bont), Integrale & Alg. Kindergen Patientenzorg, Wildenbeest, Joanne G, Benschop, Kimberley S M, Bouma-de Jongh, Saskia, Wolthers, Katja C, Pajkrt, Dasja, Infectieziekten onderzoek1 (Bont), Integrale & Alg. Kindergen Patientenzorg, Wildenbeest, Joanne G, Benschop, Kimberley S M, Bouma-de Jongh, Saskia, Wolthers, Katja C, and Pajkrt, Dasja

Published
2016

165. Neonate with Mycoplasma hominis meningoencephalitis given moxifloxacin

Author

Infectieziekten onderzoek1 (Bont), Integrale & Alg. Kindergen Patientenzorg, Wildenbeest, Joanne G, Said, Ines, Jaeger, Bregje, van Hest, Reinier M, van de Beek, Diederik, Pajkrt, Dasja, Infectieziekten onderzoek1 (Bont), Integrale & Alg. Kindergen Patientenzorg, Wildenbeest, Joanne G, Said, Ines, Jaeger, Bregje, van Hest, Reinier M, van de Beek, Diederik, and Pajkrt, Dasja

Published
2016

166. Virological and Social Outcomes of HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults in the Netherlands before and after Transition to Adult Care

Author

Afdeling Interne Geneeskunde, Poli INT, Circulatory Health, Child Health, Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Onderwijssecretariaat, Divisieleiding O&O, Infection & Immunity, MS Infectieziekten, MS Interne Geneeskunde, Weijsenfeld, Annouschka M., Smit, Colette, Cohen, Sophie, Wit, Ferdinand W N M, Mutschelknauss, Michelle, Van Der Knaap, Linda C., Van Zonneveld, Laura M., Zomer, Bert J., Nauta, Nike, Patist, Joke C., Kuipers-Jansen, Marien H J, Smit, Esther P., Blokhuis, Charlotte, Pajkrt, Dasja, Weijsenfeld, A. M., Cohen, S., Blokhuis, C., Van Der Plas, A., Scherpbier, H. J., Mutschelknauss, M., Nellen, F. J B, Prins, J. M., Pajkrt, D., Smit, C., Wit, F. W N M, Reiss, P., Van Der Knaap, L., Visser, E., Van Zonneveld, L. M., Vriesde, M. E., Bassant, N. Y., Van Der Ende, M. E., Van Rossum, A. M C, Driessen, G. J A, Fraaij, P. L A, Smit, J. V., Smit, E. P., Kastelijns, M. P W, Den Hollander, J. G., Pogány, K., Moons, C., Kroon, F. P., Oude Geerdink, E., Van Der Meche, I. B., Schouten, W. E M, Brinkman, K., Ter Beest, G., Gisolf, E. H., Richter, C., Zomer, B. J., Strik-Albers, R., Van Der Flier, M., Henriet, S. S., Koopmans, P. P., Patist, J. C., Nauta, N., Geelen, S. P M, Wolfs, T. F W, Hoepelman, I. M., Mudrikova, T., Van Der Meulen, P. A., De Jonge, H., Scholvink, E. H., Bierman, W. F W, Van Den Berg, J. F., Bouwhuis, J. W., Faber, S., Van Vonderen, M., Schippers, J. A., Lowe, S. H., Kuipers-Jansen, M. H J, Van Kasteren, M. E E, Brouwer, A. E., Pronk, D. C., Kortmann, W., Afdeling Interne Geneeskunde, Poli INT, Circulatory Health, Child Health, Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Onderwijssecretariaat, Divisieleiding O&O, Infection & Immunity, MS Infectieziekten, MS Interne Geneeskunde, Weijsenfeld, Annouschka M., Smit, Colette, Cohen, Sophie, Wit, Ferdinand W N M, Mutschelknauss, Michelle, Van Der Knaap, Linda C., Van Zonneveld, Laura M., Zomer, Bert J., Nauta, Nike, Patist, Joke C., Kuipers-Jansen, Marien H J, Smit, Esther P., Blokhuis, Charlotte, Pajkrt, Dasja, Weijsenfeld, A. M., Cohen, S., Blokhuis, C., Van Der Plas, A., Scherpbier, H. J., Mutschelknauss, M., Nellen, F. J B, Prins, J. M., Pajkrt, D., Smit, C., Wit, F. W N M, Reiss, P., Van Der Knaap, L., Visser, E., Van Zonneveld, L. M., Vriesde, M. E., Bassant, N. Y., Van Der Ende, M. E., Van Rossum, A. M C, Driessen, G. J A, Fraaij, P. L A, Smit, J. V., Smit, E. P., Kastelijns, M. P W, Den Hollander, J. G., Pogány, K., Moons, C., Kroon, F. P., Oude Geerdink, E., Van Der Meche, I. B., Schouten, W. E M, Brinkman, K., Ter Beest, G., Gisolf, E. H., Richter, C., Zomer, B. J., Strik-Albers, R., Van Der Flier, M., Henriet, S. S., Koopmans, P. P., Patist, J. C., Nauta, N., Geelen, S. P M, Wolfs, T. F W, Hoepelman, I. M., Mudrikova, T., Van Der Meulen, P. A., De Jonge, H., Scholvink, E. H., Bierman, W. F W, Van Den Berg, J. F., Bouwhuis, J. W., Faber, S., Van Vonderen, M., Schippers, J. A., Lowe, S. H., Kuipers-Jansen, M. H J, Van Kasteren, M. E E, Brouwer, A. E., Pronk, D. C., and Kortmann, W.

Published
2016

167. Neurodevelopmental delay in pediatric HIV/AIDS: current perspectives

Author

Blokhuis,Charlotte, Kootstra,Neeltje, Caan,Matthan, Pajkrt,Dasja, Blokhuis,Charlotte, Kootstra,Neeltje, Caan,Matthan, and Pajkrt,Dasja

Abstract

Charlotte Blokhuis,1 Neeltje A Kootstra,2 Matthan WA Caan,3 Dasja Pajkrt1 1Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, 2Department of Experimental Immunology, 3Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Abstract: The effects of HIV on the developing nervous system of perinatally HIV (PHIV)-infected children are substantial, yet poorly understood. While the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduced the prevalence of HIV encephalopathy, many cART-treated PHIV-infected children still present with neurodevelopmental delays and cognitive impairment. The underlying pathogenesis may partially differ from that in adults, as HIV not only causes direct injury to the central nervous system (CNS) but may also impede the development of the pediatric brain. Increasing evidence implies significant roles for ongoing neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction and hypercoagulability induced by HIV despite adequate viral suppression. Subsequent manifestations of HIV in the pediatric brain include gray-matter volume reduction, white-matter lesions, and basal ganglia calcifications, but even in the absence of such macrostructural changes, the detrimental effects of HIV are clearly revealed in widespread microstructural changes, such as poorer white-matter integrity and alterations in cerebral metabolites and blood flow. Viral suppression on cART evidently does not fully protect against cerebral injury, but knowledge concerning the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cART in the pediatric CNS is lacking. Investigations combining neuropsychological assessment, multimodal neuroimaging, and laboratory evaluation of inflammatory and neurodegenerative markers could greatly increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV in the developing nervous system and improve treatment and prevention strategies. Longitudinal research will be crucial to observe the long-term consequences

Published
2016

170. Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension in Perinatally HIV-infected Adolescents Treated With Didanosine-containing Antiretroviral Regimens in Childhood

Author

Scherpbier, Henriette J., primary, Terpstra, Valeska, additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, Puthakanit, Thanyawee, additional, Ananworanich, Jintanat, additional, Foster, Caroline, additional, van den Bergh Weerman, Marius, additional, Deurloo, Eline E., additional, van der Valk, Marc, additional, Kuijpers, Taco W., additional, and Koot, Bart G., additional

Published
2016
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171. The Eye as a Window to the Brain: Neuroretinal Thickness Is Associated With Microstructural White Matter Injury in HIV-Infected Children

Author

Blokhuis, Charlotte, primary, Demirkaya, Nazli, additional, Cohen, Sophie, additional, Wit, Ferdinand W. N. M., additional, Scherpbier, Henriëtte J., additional, Reiss, Peter, additional, Abramoff, Michael D., additional, Caan, Matthan W. A., additional, Majoie, Charles B. L. M., additional, Verbraak, Frank D., additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2016
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172. Virological and Social Outcomes of HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults in The Netherlands Before and After Transition to Adult Care

Author

Weijsenfeld, Annouschka M., primary, Smit, Colette, additional, Cohen, Sophie, additional, Wit, Ferdinand W. N. M., additional, Mutschelknauss, Michelle, additional, van der Knaap, Linda C., additional, van Zonneveld, Laura M., additional, Zomer, Bert J., additional, Nauta, Nike, additional, Patist, Joke C., additional, Kuipers-Jansen, Marien H. J., additional, Smit, Esther P., additional, Blokhuis, Charlotte, additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2016
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174. Neurometabolite Alterations Associated With Cognitive Performance in Perinatally HIV-Infected Children

Author

Van Dalen, Yvonne W., primary, Blokhuis, Charlotte, additional, Cohen, Sophie, additional, Ter Stege, Jacqueline A., additional, Teunissen, Charlotte E., additional, Kuhle, Jens, additional, Kootstra, Neeltje A., additional, Scherpbier, Henriette J., additional, Kuijpers, Taco W., additional, Reiss, Peter, additional, Majoie, Charles B.L.M., additional, Caan, Matthan W.A., additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2016
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175. Long-Term Changes of Subcutaneous Fat Mass in HIV-Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy : A Retrospective Analysis of Longitudinal Data from Two Pediatric HIV-Cohorts

Author

Cohen, Sophie, Innes, Steve, Geelen, SPM, Wells, Jonathan C. K., Smit, Colette, Wolfs, Tom F. W., van Eck-Smit, Berthe L. F., Kuijpers, Taco W., Reiss, Peter, Scherpbier, Henriette J., Pajkrt, Dasja, Bunders, Madeleine J., Cohen, Sophie, Innes, Steve, Geelen, SPM, Wells, Jonathan C. K., Smit, Colette, Wolfs, Tom F. W., van Eck-Smit, Berthe L. F., Kuijpers, Taco W., Reiss, Peter, Scherpbier, Henriette J., Pajkrt, Dasja, and Bunders, Madeleine J.

Published
2015

176. Long-Term Changes of Subcutaneous Fat Mass in HIV-Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis of Longitudinal Data from Two Pediatric HIV-Cohorts

Author

Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Child Health, Infection & Immunity, Cohen, Sophie, Innes, Steve, Geelen, SPM, Wells, Jonathan C. K., Smit, Colette, Wolfs, Tom F. W., van Eck-Smit, Berthe L. F., Kuijpers, Taco W., Reiss, Peter, Scherpbier, Henriette J., Pajkrt, Dasja, Bunders, Madeleine J., Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Child Health, Infection & Immunity, Cohen, Sophie, Innes, Steve, Geelen, SPM, Wells, Jonathan C. K., Smit, Colette, Wolfs, Tom F. W., van Eck-Smit, Berthe L. F., Kuijpers, Taco W., Reiss, Peter, Scherpbier, Henriette J., Pajkrt, Dasja, and Bunders, Madeleine J.

Published
2015

177. Country of Birth Does Not Influence Long-term Clinical, Virologic, and Immunological Outcome of HIV-Infected Children Living in the Netherlands: A Cohort Study Comparing Children Born in the Netherlands With Children Born in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Child Health, Infection & Immunity, Cohen, Sophie, van Bilsen, Ward P. H., Smit, Colette, Fraaij, Pieter L. A., Warris, Adilia, Kuijpers, Taco W., Geelen, SPM, Wolfs, Tom F. W., Scherpbier, Henriette J., van Rossum, Annemarie M. C., Pajkrt, Dasja, Dutch Pediat HIV Study Grp, Infectieziekten patientenzorg, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Child Health, Infection & Immunity, Cohen, Sophie, van Bilsen, Ward P. H., Smit, Colette, Fraaij, Pieter L. A., Warris, Adilia, Kuijpers, Taco W., Geelen, SPM, Wolfs, Tom F. W., Scherpbier, Henriette J., van Rossum, Annemarie M. C., Pajkrt, Dasja, and Dutch Pediat HIV Study Grp

Published
2015

178. Neurotropic virus infections as the cause of immediate and delayed neuropathology

Author

Ludlow, Martin, primary, Kortekaas, Jeroen, additional, Herden, Christiane, additional, Hoffmann, Bernd, additional, Tappe, Dennis, additional, Trebst, Corinna, additional, Griffin, Diane E., additional, Brindle, Hannah E., additional, Solomon, Tom, additional, Brown, Alan S., additional, van Riel, Debby, additional, Wolthers, Katja C., additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, Wohlsein, Peter, additional, Martina, Byron E. E., additional, Baumgärtner, Wolfgang, additional, Verjans, Georges M., additional, and Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., additional

Published
2015
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179. Clinical, virological and epidemiological characteristics of rhinovirus infections in early childhood: A comparison between non-hospitalised and hospitalised children

Author

Bruning, Andrea H.L., primary, Thomas, Xiomara V., additional, van der Linden, Lonneke, additional, Wildenbeest, Joanne G., additional, Minnaar, René P., additional, Jansen, Rogier R., additional, de Jong, Menno D., additional, Sterk, Peter J., additional, van der Schee, Marc P., additional, Wolthers, Katja C., additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2015
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181. High frequency of Polio-like Enterovirus C strains with differential clustering of CVA-13 and EV-C99 subgenotypes in a cohort of Malawian children.

Author

Brouwer, Lieke, van der Sanden, Sabine M. G., Calis, Job C. J., Bruning, Andrea H. L., Wang, Steven, Wildenbeest, Joanne G., Rebers, Sjoerd P. H., Phiri, Kamija S., Westerhuis, Brenda M., van Hensbroek, Michaël Boele, Pajkrt, Dasja, and Wolthers, Katja C.

Subjects
ENTEROVIRUS diseases, GENOTYPES, MALAWIANS, CHILDREN'S health, POLYMERASE chain reaction, DISEASE prevalence, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

Enteroviruses (EVs) are among the most commonly detected viruses infecting humans worldwide. Although the prevalence of EVs is widely studied, the status of EV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa remains largely unknown. The objective of our present study was therefore to increase our knowledge on EV circulation in sub-Saharan Africa. We obtained 749 fecal samples from a cross-sectional study conducted on Malawian children aged 6 to 60 months. We tested the samples for the presence of EVs using real time PCR, and typed the positive samples based on partial viral protein 1 (VP1) sequences. A large proportion of the samples was EV positive (89.9%). 12.9% of the typed samples belonged to EV species A (EV-A), 48.6% to species B (EV-B) and 38.5% to species C (EV-C). More than half of the EV-C strains (53%) belonged to subgroup C containing, among others, Poliovirus (PV) 1-3. The serotype most frequently isolated in our study was CVA-13, followed by EV-C99. The strains of CVA-13 showed a vast genetic diversity, possibly representing a new cluster, ‘F’. The majority of the EV-C99 strains grouped together as cluster B. In conclusion, this study showed a vast circulation of EVs among Malawian children, with an EV prevalence of 89.9%. Identification of prevalences for species EV-C comparable to our study (38.5%) have only previously been reported in sub-Saharan Africa, and EV-C is rarely found outside of this region. The data found in this study are an important contribution to our current knowledge of EV epidemiology within sub-Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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182. CNS penetration of ART in HIV-infected children.

Author

den Hof, Malon Van, Blokhuis, Charlotte, Cohen, Sophie, Scherpbier, Henriette J., Pajkrt, Dasja, Van den Hof, Malon, Wit, Ferdinand W. N. M., Pistorius, M. C. M., Mathot, Ron A. A., Kootstra, Neeltje A., and Teunissen, Charlotte E.

Subjects
CENTRAL nervous system, HIV-positive children, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, PROTEIN binding, LAMIVUDINE, VACCINATION
Abstract

Background: Paediatric data on CNS penetration of antiretroviral drugs are scarce.Objectives: To evaluate CNS penetration of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected children and explore associations with neurocognitive function.Patients and methods: Antiretroviral drug levels were measured in paired CSF and blood samples of clinically stable HIV-infected children between 8 and 18 years old on long-term combined ART. Plasma drug concentrations were corrected for protein binding. We evaluated CNS penetration using CSF/plasma ratios and compared CSF concentrations with the IC50 as a surrogate marker for effectiveness. Blood-brain barrier permeability was assessed for possible confounding. Associations with neurocognitive function were explored using linear regression analysis.Results: Median CSF/plasma ratios (IQR) were: lopinavir 0.059 (0.024-0.157, n = 7), efavirenz 0.681 (0.555-0.819, n = 12), tenofovir 0.021 (0.020-0.024, n = 4), lamivudine 0.464 (0.331-0.607, n = 17), emtricitabine 0.365 (0.343-0.435, n = 3), nevirapine 1.203 (n = 1), zidovudine 0.718 (0.711-1.227, n = 5) and abacavir 1.344 (0.670-2.450, n = 10). CSF concentrations were below the IC50 for tenofovir (100%), emtricitabine (100%), abacavir (50%) and zidovudine (17%). Lamivudine, lopinavir, efavirenz and nevirapine concentrations were all above the IC50. All participants were virologically suppressed in blood and CSF. CSF drug concentrations were not associated with blood-brain barrier permeability or neurocognitive function.Conclusions: We showed adequate CSF concentrations of lamivudine, lopinavir, efavirenz and nevirapine, and potential suboptimal CSF concentrations of tenofovir, abacavir and emtricitabine in long-term treated HIV-infected children. None the less, the use of combined antiretroviral drugs led to adequate viral suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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183. Long-term trends in mortality and AIDS-defining events after combination ART initiation among children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection in 17 middle- and high-income countries in Europe and Thailand: A cohort study.

Author

null, null, Judd, Ali, Chappell, Elizabeth, Turkova, Anna, Le Coeur, Sophie, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Doerholt, Katja, Galli, Luisa, Pajkrt, Dasja, Marques, Laura, Collins, Intira J., Gibb, Diana M., González Tome, Maria Isabel, Navarro, Marisa, Warszawski, Josiane, Königs, Christoph, Spoulou, Vana, Prata, Filipa, and Chiappini, Elena

Subjects
MORTALITY, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, AIDS, HIV infections
Abstract

Background: Published estimates of mortality and progression to AIDS as children with HIV approach adulthood are limited. We describe rates and risk factors for death and AIDS-defining events in children and adolescents after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in 17 middle- and high-income countries, including some in Western and Central Europe (W&CE), Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine), and Thailand.Methods and Findings: Children with perinatal HIV aged <18 years initiating cART were followed until their 21st birthday, transfer to adult care, death, loss to follow-up, or last visit up until 31 December 2013. Rates of death and first AIDS-defining events were calculated. Baseline and time-updated risk factors for early/late (≤/>6 months of cART) death and progression to AIDS were assessed. Of 3,526 children included, 32% were from the United Kingdom or Ireland, 30% from elsewhere in W&CE, 18% from Russia or Ukraine, and 20% from Thailand. At cART initiation, median age was 5.2 (IQR 1.4-9.3) years; 35% of children aged <5 years had a CD4 lymphocyte percentage <15% in 1997-2003, which fell to 15% of children in 2011 onwards (p < 0.001). Similarly, 53% and 18% of children ≥5 years had a CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 in 1997-2003 and in 2011 onwards, respectively (p < 0.001). Median follow-up was 5.6 (2.9-8.7) years. Of 94 deaths and 237 first AIDS-defining events, 43 (46%) and 100 (42%) were within 6 months of initiating cART, respectively. Multivariable predictors of early death were: being in the first year of life; residence in Russia, Ukraine, or Thailand; AIDS at cART start; initiating cART on a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimen; severe immune suppression; and low BMI-for-age z-score. Current severe immune suppression, low current BMI-for-age z-score, and current viral load >400 c/mL predicted late death. Predictors of early and late progression to AIDS were similar. Study limitations include incomplete recording of US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) disease stage B events and serious adverse events in some countries; events that were distributed over a long time period, and that we lacked power to analyse trends in patterns and causes of death over time.Conclusions: In our study, 3,526 children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) in countries in Europe and Thailand. We observed that over 40% of deaths occurred ≤6 months after cART initiation. Greater early mortality risk in infants, as compared to older children, and in Russia, Ukraine, or Thailand as compared to W&CE, raises concern. Current severe immune suppression, being underweight, and unsuppressed viral load were associated with a higher risk of death at >6 months after initiation of cART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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189. Long-Term Changes of Subcutaneous Fat Mass in HIV-Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis of Longitudinal Data from Two Pediatric HIV-Cohorts

Author

Cohen, Sophie, primary, Innes, Steve, additional, Geelen, Sibyl P. M., additional, Wells, Jonathan C. K., additional, Smit, Colette, additional, Wolfs, Tom F. W., additional, van Eck-Smit, Berthe L. F., additional, Kuijpers, Taco W., additional, Reiss, Peter, additional, Scherpbier, Henriette J., additional, Pajkrt, Dasja, additional, and Bunders, Madeleine J., additional

Published
2015
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192. Country of Birth Does Not Influence Long-term Clinical, Virologic, and Immunological Outcome of HIV-Infected Children Living in the Netherlands

Author

Cohen, Sophie, primary, van Bilsen, Ward P. H., additional, Smit, Colette, additional, Fraaij, Pieter L. A., additional, Warris, Adilia, additional, Kuijpers, Taco W., additional, Geelen, Sibyl P. M., additional, Wolfs, Tom F. W., additional, Scherpbier, Henriette J., additional, van Rossum, Annemarie M. C., additional, and Pajkrt, Dasja, additional

Published
2015
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194. Persistent humoral immune defect in highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated children with HIV-1 infection: loss of specific antibodies against attenuated vaccine strains and natural viral infection

Author

Bekker, Vincent, Scherpbier, Henriette, Pajkrt, Dasja, Jurriaans, Suzanne, Zaaijer, Hans, and Kuijpers, Taco W.

Subjects
Antibodies -- Observations, Viral antibodies -- Observations, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Complications and side effects, HIV infection in children -- Drug therapy, HIV infection in children -- Complications and side effects, Viral vaccines -- Usage
Abstract

OBJECTIVE. In the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy era, a loss of specific antibodies was seen. Our objective with this study was to describe the loss of specific antibodies during treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS. In a prospective, single-center, cohort study of 59 children with HIV-1 infection, we investigated the long-term effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the titers and course of specific antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine strains compared with wild-type varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. RESULTS. During highly active antiretroviral therapy, age-adjusted [CD4.sup.+] T cells and B cells increased, whereas total immunoglobulin levels declined. Although these children were preimmunized before the start of highly active antiretroviral therapy, only 24 (43%) had antibodies against all 3 measles, mumps, and rubella. Antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella were lost in 14 (40%), 11 (38%), and 5 (11%) children who were seropositive at baseline. We also observed loss of varicella zoster virus immunoglobulin G in 7 (21%) of 34, cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G in 3 (7%) of 45, but none of 53 Epstein-Barr virus-seropositive children. During highly active antiretroviral therapy, primary vaccination in 3 patients and I5 revaccinations in those with negative serology demonstrated incomplete seroconversion. CONCLUSIONS. Humoral reactivity in children with HIV-1 infection remains abnormal during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Despite immune reconstitution, anti-bodies against live-attenuated vaccine and wild-type natural virus strains disappear over time in up to 40% of children with HIV-1 infection. KEY WORDS. pediatric HIV, MMR vaccination, VZV serology, immunoglobulin, CD 19., URL: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2005-2616 Vincent Bekker, MD, Henriette Scherpbier, MD, Dasja Pajkrt, MD, PhD, Suzanne Jurriaans, PhD, Hans Zaaijer, MD, PhD, Taco W. Kuijpers, MD, [...]

Published
2006

195. HIV-infectie bij kinderen

Author

Pajkrt, Dasja, Hartwig, N. G., Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, and Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology

Published
2007

196. Rapid Tests for Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Other Respiratory Viruses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Author

Bruning, Andrea H. L., Leeflang, Mariska M. G., Vos, Johanna M. B. W., Spijker, Rene, de Jong, Menno D., Wolthers, Katja C., and Pajkrt, Dasja

Subjects
INFLUENZA, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, RESPIRATORY infections, VIRUS diseases, RESPIRATORY diseases
Abstract

Rapid diagnosis of respiratory virus infections contributes to patient care. This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of rapid tests for the detection of respiratory viruses. We searched Medline and EMBASE for studies evaluating these tests against polymerase chain reaction as the reference standard. Of 179 studies included, 134 evaluated rapid tests for influenza viruses, 32 for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and 13 for other respiratory viruses. We used the bivariate random effects model for quantitative meta-analysis of the results. Most tests detected only influenza viruses or RSV. Summary sensitivity and specificity estimates of tests for influenza were 61.1% and 98.9%. For RSV, summary sensitivity was 75.3%, and specificity, 98.7%. We assessed the quality of studies using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) checklist. Because of incomplete reporting, the risk of bias was often unclear. Despite their intended use at the point of care, 26.3% of tests were evaluated in a laboratory setting. Although newly developed tests seem more sensitive, high-quality evaluations of these tests are lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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