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152. EChO - Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory

Author

G. Tinetti, J. P. Beaulieu, T. Henning, M. Meyer, G. Micela, I. Ribas, D. Stam, M. Swain, O. Krause, M. Ollivier, E. Pace, B. Swinyard, A. Aylward, R. van Boekel, A. Coradini, T. Encrenaz, I. Snellen, M. R. Zapatero-Osorio, J. Bouwman, J. Y-K. Cho, V. Coudé de Foresto, T. Guillot, M. Lopez-Morales, I. Mueller-Wodarg, E. Palle, F. Selsis, A. Sozzetti, P. A. R. Ade, N. Achilleos, A. Adriani, C. B. Agnor, C. Afonso, C. Allende Prieto, G. Bakos, R. J. Barber, M. Barlow, V. Batista, P. Bernath, B. Bézard, P. Bordé, L. R. Brown, A. Cassan, C. Cavarroc, A. Ciaravella, C. Cockell, A. Coustenis, C. Danielski, L. Decin, R. De Kok, O. Demangeon, P. Deroo, P. Doel, P. Drossart, L. N. Fletcher, M. Focardi, F. Forget, S. Fossey, P. Fouqué, J. Frith, M. Galand, P. Gaulme, J. I. González Hernández, O. Grasset, D. Grassi, J. L. Grenfell, M. J. Griffin, C. A. Griffith, U. Grözinger, M. Guedel, P. Guio, O. Hainaut, R. Hargreaves, P. H. Hauschildt, K. Heng, D. Heyrovsky, R. Hueso, P. Irwin, L. Kaltenegger, P. Kervella, D. Kipping, T. T. Koskinen, G. Kovács, A. La Barbera, H. Lammer, E. Lellouch, G. Leto, M. Lopez Morales, M. A. Lopez Valverde, M. Lopez-Puertas, C. Lovis, A. Maggio, J. P. Maillard, J. Maldonado Prado, J. B. Marquette, F. J. Martin-Torres, P. Maxted, S. Miller, S. Molinari, D. Montes, A. Moro-Martin, J. I. Moses, O. Mousis, N. Nguyen Tuong, R. Nelson, G. S. Orton, E. Pantin, E. Pascale, S. Pezzuto, D. Pinfield, E. Poretti, R. Prinja, L. Prisinzano, J. M. Rees, A. Reiners, B. Samuel, A. Sánchez-Lavega, J. Sanz Forcada, D. Sasselov, G. Savini, B. Sicardy, A. Smith, L. Stixrude, G. Strazzulla, J. Tennyson, M. Tessenyi, G. Vasisht, S. Vinatier, S. Viti, I. Waldmann, G. J. White, T. Widemann, R. Wordsworth, R. Yelle, Y. Yung, S. N. Yurchenko, University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo (OAPa), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique (LTM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SSE 2012, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau (FIZEAU), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Berlin] (ZAA), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Bilbao], Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Osserv Astrofis Catania, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Atmospheric Physics Laboratory [UCL London], Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Engineering Department, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), University of Oxford [Oxford], Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie ( MPIA ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo ( OAPa ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] ( ICE-CSIC ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research ( SRON ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( LAOG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique ( LTM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek ( AI PANNEKOEK ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides ( CASSIOPEE ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux ( L3AB ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] ( LAB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) ( LMD ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes ( LATT ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau ( FIZEAU ), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes ( LPGN ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario CNR (IFSI), Institut für Meteorologie, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea ( UPV/EHU ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetaro ( IFSI ), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules ( UTINAM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles ( AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Department of Applied Mathematics [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Observatoire de Paris - Site de Meudon ( OBSPM ), Observatoire de Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA) - Grenoble-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Meudon (OBSPM), Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Astrofísica, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Space mission, law.invention, Telescope, law, Observatory, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QB, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Exoplanets, Echo (computing), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomy and Astrophysics, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Exoplanet, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Planetary atmospheres, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

A dedicated mission to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres represents a major milestone in our quest to understand our place in the universe by placing our Solar System in context and by addressing the suitability of planets for the presence of life. EChO -the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory- is a mission concept specifically geared for this purpose. EChO will provide simultaneous, multi-wavelength spectroscopic observations on a stable platform that will allow very long exposures. EChO will build on observations by Hubble, Spitzer and groundbased telescopes, which discovered the first molecules and atoms in exoplanetary atmospheres. EChO will simultaneously observe a broad enough spectral region -from the visible to the mid-IR- to constrain from one single spectrum the temperature structure of the atmosphere and the abundances of the major molecular species. The spectral range and resolution are tailored to separate bands belonging to up to 30 molecules to retrieve the composition and temperature structure of planetary atmospheres. The target list for EChO includes planets ranging from Jupiter-sized with equilibrium temperatures Teq up to 2000 K, to those of a few Earth masses, with Teq ~300 K. We have baselined a dispersive spectrograph design covering continuously the 0.4-16 micron spectral range in 6 channels (1 in the VIS, 5 in the IR), which allows the spectral resolution to be adapted from several tens to several hundreds, depending on the target brightness. The instrument will be mounted behind a 1.5 m class telescope, passively cooled to 50 K, with the instrument structure and optics passively cooled to ~45 K. EChO will be placed in a grand halo orbit around L2. We have also undertaken a first-order cost and development plan analysis and find that EChO is easily compatible with the ESA M-class mission framework., Comment: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy, 23 pages, 15 figures

Published
2012

153. Analysis of IASI tropospheric O3 data over Arctic during POLARCAT campaigns in 2008

Author

M. Pommier, C. Clerbaux, K. S. Law, G. Ancellet, P. Bernath, P.-F. Coheur, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. Hurtmans, P. Nédélec, J.-D. Paris, F. Ravetta, T. B. Ryerson, H. Schlager, and A. J. Weinheimer

Subjects
010309 optics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Ozone data retrieved in the Arctic region from infrared radiance spectra recorded by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on board the MetOp-A European satellite are presented. They are compared with in situ and lidar observations obtained during a series of aircraft measurement campaigns as part of the International Polar Year (IPY) POLARCAT activities in spring and summer 2008. Different air masses were sampled during the campaigns including clean air, polluted plumes originating from anthropogenic sources, forest fire plumes from the three northern continents, and stratospheric-influenced air masses. The comparison between IASI O3 [0–8 km], [0–12 km] partial columns and profiles with collocated aircraft observations is achieved by taking into account the different sensitivity and geometry of the sounding instruments. A detailed analysis is provided and the agreement is discussed in terms of information content and surface properties at the location of the observations. Overall, IASI O3 profiles are found to be in relatively good agreement in the free troposphere with smoothed in situ and lidar profiles with differences less than 40% (25% over the sea for both seasons) and 10%, respectively. The correlation between IASI O3 retrieved partial columns and the smoothed aircraft partial columns is good with DC-8 in situ data in spring over North American forest fire regions (r = 0.68), and over Greenland with ATR-42 lidar measurements in summer (r = 0.67). Correlations with other data are less significant highlighting the difficulty with which IASI is able to capture O3 variability in the Arctic upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) with sufficient precision as noted in comparison with the [0–12 km] partial columns. However the [0–8 km] partial columns show good results with IASI which displays a negative bias (maximum of 26% over snow) compared to columns derived from in situ measurements. Despite these difficulties in the Arctic UTLS, this work also shows that IASI can be used to study particular cases where stratospheric intrusions are present using a O3/CO ratio diagnostic.

Published
2011

154. First carbon dioxide atmospheric vertical profiles retrieved from space observation using ACE-FTS solar occultation instrument

Author

P. Y. Foucher, A. Chédin, R. Armante, C. Boone, C. Crevoisier, and P. Bernath

Abstract

Major limitations of our present knowledge of the global distribution of CO2 in the atmosphere are the uncertainty in atmospheric transport and the sparseness of in situ concentration measurements. Limb viewing spaceborne sounders such as the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) offer a vertical resolution of a few kilometres for profiles, which is much better than currently flying or planned nadir sounding instruments can achieve. After having demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining CO2 vertical profiles in the 5–25 km altitude range with an accuracy of about 2 ppm in a previous study, we present here the results of five years of ACE-FTS observations in terms of monthly mean profiles of CO2 averaged over 10° latitude bands for northern mid-latitudes. These results are compared with in-situ aircraft measurements and with simulations from two different air transport models. Key features of the measured altitude distribution of CO2 are shown to be accurately reproduced by the ACE-FTS retrievals: variation in altitude of the seasonal cycle amplitude and extrema, seasonal change of the vertical gradient, and mean growth rate. We show that small but significant differences from model simulations could result from an over estimation of the model circulation strength during the northern hemisphere spring. Coupled with column measurements from a nadir viewing instrument, it is expected that occultation measurements will bring useful constraints to the surface carbon flux determination.

Published
2010

157. An approach to retrieve information on the carbonyl fluoride (COF2) vertical distributions above Jungfraujoch by FTIR multi-spectrum multi-window fitting

Author

P. Duchatelet, E. Mahieu, R. Ruhnke, W. Feng, M. Chipperfield, P. Demoulin, P. Bernath, C. D. Boone, and K. A. Walker

Abstract

We present an original multi-spectrum fitting procedure to retrieve volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles of carbonyl fluoride (COF2) from ground-based high resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) solar spectra. The multi-spectrum approach consists of simultaneously combining, during the retrievals, all spectra recorded consecutively during the same day and with the same resolution. Solar observations analyzed in this study with the SFIT-2 v3.91 fitting algorithm correspond to more than 2900 spectra recorded between January 2000 and December 2007 at high zenith angles, with a Fourier Transform Spectrometer operated at the high-altitude International Scientific Station of the Jungfraujoch (ISSJ, 46.5° N latitude, 8.0° E longitude, 3580 m altitude), Switzerland. The goal of the retrieval strategy described here is to provide information about the vertical distribution of carbonyl fluoride. The microwindows used are located in the ν1 or in the ν4 COF2 infrared (IR) absorption bands. Averaging kernel and eigenvector analysis indicates that our FTIR retrieval is sensitive to COF2 inversion between 17 and 30 km, with the major contribution to the retrieved information always coming from the measurement. Moreover, there was no significant bias between COF2 partial columns, total columns or VMR profiles retrieved from the two bands. For each wavenumber region, a complete error budget including all identified sources has been carefully established. In addition, comparisons of FTIR COF2 17–30 km partial columns with KASIMA and SLIMCAT 3-D CTMs are also presented. If we do not notice any significant bias between FTIR and SLIMCAT time series, KASIMA COF2 17–30 km partial columns are lower of around 25%, probably due to incorrect lower boundary conditions. For each times series, linear trend estimation for the 2000–2007 time period as well as a seasonal variation study are also performed and critically discussed. We further demonstrate that all time series are able to reproduce the COF2 seasonal cycle, which main seasonal characteristics deduced from each data set agree quite well.

Published
2009

158. Simultaneous ground-based observations of O3, HCl, N2O, and CH4 over Toronto, Canada by three Fourier transform spectrometers with different resolutions

Author

D. Wunch, J. R. Taylor, D. Fu, P. Bernath, J. R. Drummond, C. Midwinter, K. Strong, and K. A. Walker

Abstract

An intercomparison of three Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) with significantly different resolutions is presented. The highest-resolution instrument has a maximum optical path difference of 250 cm, and the two lower-resolution instruments have maximum optical path differences of 50 cm and 25 cm. The results indicate that the two lower-resolution instruments can retrieve total column amounts of O3, HCl, N2O and CH4 using the SFIT2 retrieval code with percent differences from the high-resolution instrument generally better than 3%, with respect to the high-resolution FTS. Total column amounts of the stratospheric species (O3 and HCl) have larger differences than those of the tropospheric species (N2O and CH4). Instrument line shape (ILS) information is found to be of critical importance when retrieving total columns of stratospheric gases from the lower-resolution instruments. Including the ILS information in the retrievals significantly reduces the difference in total column amounts between the three instruments. The remaining errors for stratospheric species total column amounts can be attributed to the lower sensitivity of the lower-resolution FTSs to the stratosphere.

Published
2006

159. La legítima defensa sin contención material. Sobre la defensa frente a agresiones incorporales y omisivas.

Author

VON BERNATH, JAVIER WILENMANN

Abstract

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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161. Factors of Choosing Specializations in Higher Education Institutions of the Hungarian-Romanian Cross-Border Region.

Author

Krisztina Bernath

Subjects
HIGHER education, UNIVERSITIES & colleges
Abstract

The aim of the paper is to examine the decisions of students from the Hungarian- Romanian Cross-Border Region to pursue higher education and to choose a career, correlated with the individual and social motivational context. Larger higher education institutions (HEIs) attract more likely students from intellectual families, with high socio-economic status, those who have more friends, speak several languages, have material values; continuing education and university choice are influenced by the mobility factor and by following a model. The factors that are relevant in the choice of specialization at smaller HEIs are: the number of spoken languages, a disadvantaged background and gender. Students who are females, who come from rural areas and who have post-material values tend to choose humanities as their specialization, while students with a high mobility factor and high education level of the father will more likely choose sciences. The results could be efficiently used in the development of higher education in the field of practice, policy and research or in career counselling. Also, they enrich the results of empirical research related to the recruitment mechanisms of cross-border higher education institutions and young students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016

162. Improvement in perioperative care in pediatric cardiac surgery by shifting the primary focus of treatment from cardiac output to perfusion pressure: Are beta stimulants still needed?

Author

Hosseinpour, Amir‐Reza, van Steenberghe, Mathieu, Bernath, Marc‐André, Di Bernardo, Stefano, Pérez, Marie‐Hélène, Longchamp, David, Dolci, Mirko, Boegli, Yann, Sekarski, Nicole, Orrit, Javier, Hurni, Michel, Prêtre, René, and Cotting, Jacques

Abstract

An important aspect of perioperative care in pediatric cardiac surgery is maintenance of optimal hemodynamic status using vasoactive/inotropic agents. Conventionally, this has focused on maintenance of cardiac output rather than perfusion pressure. However, this approach has been abandoned in our center in favor of one focusing primarily on perfusion pressure, which is presented here and compared to the conventional approach. A retrospective study. Regional center for congenital heart disease. University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland. All patients with Aristotle risk score ≥8 that underwent surgery from 1996 to 2012 were included. Patients operated between 1996 and 2005 (Group 1: 206 patients) were treated according to the conventional approach. Patients operated between 2006 and 2012 (Group 2: 217 patients) were treated according to our new approach. All patients had undergone surgery for correction or palliation of congenital cardiac defects. Mortality, duration of ventilation and inotropic treatment, use of ECMO, and complications of poor peripheral perfusion (need for hemofiltration, laparotomy for enterocolitis, amputation). The two groups were similar in age and complexity. Mortality was lower in group 2 (7.3% in group 1 vs 1.4% in group 2, P< .005). Ventilation times (hours) and number of days on inotropic/vasoactive treatment (all agents), expressed as median and interquartile range [Q1–Q3] were shorter in group 2: 69 [24–163] hours in group 1 vs 35 [22–120] hours in group 2 (P< .01) for ventilation, and 9 [3–5] days in group 1 vs 7 [2–5] days in group 2 (P< .05) for inotropic/vasoactive agents. There were no differences in ECMO usage or complications of peripheral perfusion. Results in pediatric cardiac surgery may be improved by shifting the primary focus of perioperative care from cardiac output to perfusion pressure.

Published
2017
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163. Helium broadened propane absorption cross sections in the far-IR

Author

Wong, A., Billinghurst, B., and Bernath, P.F.

Abstract

•High resolution absorption cross sections of propane (C3H8) in the far-IR (600-1200cm−1).•Cross sections for pure and He broadened propane.•Measurements performed between 200-298K.•Can be used for quantification of propane in giant planets.

Published
2017
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164. Depletion of ozone and reservoir species of chlorine and nitrogen oxide in the lower Antarctic polar vortex measured from aircraft

Author

Jurkat, T., Voigt, C., Kaufmann, S., Grooß, J.‐U., Ziereis, H., Dörnbrack, A., Hoor, P., Bozem, H., Engel, A., Bönisch, H., Keber, T., Hüneke, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Zahn, A., Walker, K. A., Boone, C. D., Bernath, P. F., and Schlager, H.

Abstract

Novel airborne in situ measurements of inorganic chlorine, nitrogen oxide species, and ozone were performed inside the lower Antarctic polar vortex and at its edge in September 2012. We focus on one flight during the Transport and Composition of the LMS/Earth System Model Validation (TACTS/ESMVal) campaign with the German research aircraft HALO (High‐Altitude LOng range research aircraft), reaching latitudes of 65°S and potential temperatures up to 405 K. Using the early winter correlations of reactive trace gases with N2O from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment‐Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS), we find high depletion of chlorine reservoir gases up to ∼40% (0.8 ppbv) at 12 km to 14 km altitude in the vortex and 0.4 ppbv at the edge in subsided stratospheric air with mean ages up to 4.5 years. We observe denitrification of up to 4 ppbv, while ozone was depleted by 1.2 ppmv at potential temperatures as low as 380 K. The advanced instrumentation aboard HALO enables high‐resolution measurements with implications for the oxidation capacity of the lowermost stratosphere. Chemistry climate models reveal large uncertainties in the future ozone projection until the end of the century in the lower polar and midlatitude stratosphere. One process that impacts the ozone lifetime during the polar winter is the formation of active chlorine from chlorine reservoir species. Here we present high‐resolution measurements performed aboard the new German research aircraft HALO (High‐Altitude LOng range research aircraft) in the lower Antarctic vortex in winter 2012. We find significant amounts of active chlorine in the lower vortex that has been transported from higher altitudes and latitudes to the flight altitude of HALO (∼14 km). This enhanced activated chlorine content has implications on the ozone lifetime in this region. Our measurements complement satellite observations but feature higher‐altitude resolution and extend to lower altitudes. With our case study we investigate the intersection of midlatitude and polar air as well as the effects of transport from the upper to the lower polar vortex. These process studies help to improve chemistry climate models. Newly developed HALO in situ measurements give insight in stratospheric trace gas distributions in the lower Antarctic vortexA high amount of activated chlorine reservoir species and redistributed nitric acid in the lower Antarctic polar stratosphere was observedUpper vortex air was transported to the flight altitude of HALO at 12 to 14 km

Published
2017
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165. The role of sulfur dioxide in stratospheric aerosol formation evaluated by using in situ measurements in the tropical lower stratosphere

Author

Rollins, A. W., Thornberry, T. D., Watts, L. A., Yu, P., Rosenlof, K. H., Mills, M., Baumann, E., Giorgetta, F. R., Bui, T. V., Höpfner, M., Walker, K. A., Boone, C., Bernath, P. F., Colarco, P. R., Newman, P. A., Fahey, D. W., and Gao, R. S.

Abstract

Stratospheric aerosols (SAs) are a variable component of the Earth's albedo that may be intentionally enhanced in the future to offset greenhouse gases (geoengineering). The role of tropospheric-sourced sulfur dioxide (SO2) in maintaining background SAs has been debated for decades without in situ measurements of SO2at the tropical tropopause to inform this issue. Here we clarify the role of SO2in maintaining SAs by using new in situ SO2measurements to evaluate climate models and satellite retrievals. We then use the observed tropical tropopause SO2mixing ratios to estimate the global flux of SO2across the tropical tropopause. These analyses show that the tropopause background SO2is about 5 times smaller than reported by the average satellite observations that have been used recently to test atmospheric models. This shifts the view of SO2as a dominant source of SAs to a near-negligible one, possibly revealing a significant gap in the SA budget. First in situ measurements of SO2in the tropical UT/LSTypical SO2at the tropical tropopause is near 5-10?pptvFlux of SO2across the tropopause is a minor source of stratospheric aerosol

Published
2017
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166. Levels of Preservation for Cultural Heritage within an Open-air Museum.

Author

Bernath, Andrea, Teodorescu, Iulia, Ryhl-Svendsen, Morten, Badea, Elena, Miu, Lucreţia, and Guttmann, Márta

Subjects
PRESERVATION of museum architecture, OPEN-air museums, ANTIQUITIES, VOLATILE organic compounds, ULTRAVIOLET radiation, HYGROMETRY
Abstract

The article focuses on the preservation of cultural heritage in Astra National Museum Complex in Sibiu, Romania. Topics discussed include cultural assets in the open-air museum, such as the mural paintings and artefacts, collaboration with Danish School of Conservation for measuring temperature, relative humidity, volatile organic compounds and ozone, using organic acids and ozone samplers in the storeroom, and monitoring ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation with the help of sensors by measuring the wavelengths.

Published
2018
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167. Der Freiraum als Bühne.

Author

Züger, Roland and Bernath, Roland

Abstract

Copyright of werk, bauen + wohnen is the property of Verlag Werk AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020

168. Factors of Pursuing Higher Education in the Hungarian-Romanian Cross-Border Region.

Author

Bernath, Krisztina

Subjects
HIGHER education, GEOGRAPHIC boundaries, SOCIAL mobility
Abstract

One of the main challenges and tasks for young people is that they have to reflect and define their most important goals, hopes and expectations regarding their future. These decisions include pursuing higher education. In this paper, the decision to continue studies was analyzed as a landmark in the quest for status and as a consequence of the expansion of higher education, highlighting the influence of different variables such as the type and personal motivations, value systems and dimensions of attitudes towards learning, in addition to the social context of the individual. The decision to continue education is inextricably linked to young people’s desire to build a career,to the future direction of social mobility. Becoming an intellectual is one possible solution to obtain a social status and upward social mobility, graduating from a higher graduation institution is often considered as a guarantee for a successful future. The aim of this paper is to analyze the motives behind the decision to pursue higher education, in correlation with the individual and social motivational context. The source of the data used in the research is the result of the cross study carried out wihtin the HERD project in 2012; a sub-sample of undergraduate students from five higher education institutions from the Romania-Hungary cross-border area was selected (N = 2,120). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

169. Sobre la estructura dogmática de los delitos de falsedad en el proceso.

Author

VON BERNATH, JAVIER WILENMANN

Abstract

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2014
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170. IR electronic spectroscopy: triplet C3 and PtH

Author

P. Bernath, R. Engleman, C. Jarman, T. Amano, and H. Sasada

Abstract

A new triplet band system of C3 was discovered near 6500 cm−1 in absorption using distributed feedback diode lasers as radiation sources. The band system was also found in emission from a microwave discharge of CH4 in He. High-resolution infrared emission spectra of the PtH molecule have also been observed with the Kitt Peak Fourier transform spectrometer. The source was a platinum hollow cathode operating with argon containing a trace of hydrogen. It was possible to assign some weak lines around 8300 cm−1 to (0,0) and (1,1) bands of a 3/2-3/2 transition. The lower 3/2 state was previously known and is about 4000 cm−1 above the X2Δ5/2 ground state.

Published
1990

171. A review of conservation challenges and possible solutions for grassland birds of the North American Great Plains

Author

Bernath-Plaisted, Jacy S., Correll, Maureen D., Somershoe, Scott G., Dwyer, Angela M., Bankert, Andy, Beh, Adam, Berlanga, Humberto, Boyle, W. Alice, Cruz-Romo, J. Lizardo, George, T. Luke, Herkert, James, Koper, Nicola, Macías-Duarte, Alberto, Panjabi, Arvind O., Ramírez-Flores, Oscar M., Robinson, Barry, Ruvalcaba-Ortega, Irene, Sibbing, Julie, Strasser, Erin H., Titulaer, Mieke, Van Pelt, William E., and VerCauteren, Tammy

Abstract

North America's grassland birds remain in crisis despite decades of conservation efforts. This review provides an overview of factors contributing to these declines, as well as strategies and resources available to a diversity of stakeholders to help conserve grassland bird communities with an emphasis on the Great Plains—a grassland region of global ecological significance and a habitat stronghold for grassland birds. Grassland bird declines are driven by historical and continuing threats across the full annual cycle including grassland habitat loss, agriculture intensification, woody encroachment, and disruption of fire and grazing regimes. More recently, energy development activities, the use of neonicotinoid pesticides, and anthropogenic climate change have emerged as additional threats. While threats to grassland birds are numerous and often synergistic, possibilities for conservation are also diverse and multifaceted. Land set-aside programs, incentives and voluntary practices for producers, improved environmental management by energy and utility companies, and policy and regulation can all contribute to the conservation of these unique species. We suggest that future grassland bird research should focus on poorly studied aspects of the annual cycle, such as overwinter survival and habitat use, and the migratory period, which remains completely unexplored for many species. Filling these knowledge gaps may facilitate more sophisticated population modeling that can identify limiting factors and more effectively guide investment in conservation.

Published
2023
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172. Odin observations of the Galactic centre in the 118-GHz band*

Author

Sandqvist, Aa., Larsson, B., Hjalmarson, Å., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Frisk, U., Olberg, M., Pagani, L., Ziurys, L. M., Sandqvist, Aa., Larsson, B., Hjalmarson, Å., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Frisk, U., Olberg, M., Pagani, L., and Ziurys, L. M.

Abstract

Aims. The Odin satellite has been used to search for the 118.75-GHz line of molecular oxygen (O2) in the Galactic centre.

Published
2008
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173. A spectral line survey of Orion KL in the bands 486-492 and 541-577 GHz with the Odin satellite***

Author

Persson, C. M., Olofsson, A. O. H., Koning, N., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Frisk, U., Geppert, W., Hasegawa, T. I., Hjalmarson, Å., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Nummelin, A., Olberg, M., Sandqvist, Aa., Wirström, E. S., Persson, C. M., Olofsson, A. O. H., Koning, N., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Frisk, U., Geppert, W., Hasegawa, T. I., Hjalmarson, Å., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Nummelin, A., Olberg, M., Sandqvist, Aa., and Wirström, E. S.

Abstract

Aims.We investigate the physical and chemical conditions in a typical star forming region, including an unbiased search for new molecules in a spectral region previously unobserved.

Published
2007
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174. A spectral line survey of Orion KL in the bands 486–492 and 541–577 GHz with the Odin  satellite***

Author

Olofsson, A. O. H., Persson, C. M., Koning, N., Bergman, P., Bernath, P. F., Black, J. H., Frisk, U., Geppert, W., Hasegawa, T. I., Hjalmarson, Å., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Nummelin, A., Olberg, M., Sandqvist, Aa., Wirström, E. S., Olofsson, A. O. H., Persson, C. M., Koning, N., Bergman, P., Bernath, P. F., Black, J. H., Frisk, U., Geppert, W., Hasegawa, T. I., Hjalmarson, Å., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Nummelin, A., Olberg, M., Sandqvist, Aa., and Wirström, E. S.

Abstract

Aims.Spectral line surveys are useful since they allow identification of new molecules and new lines in uniformly calibrated data sets. The subsequent multi-transition analysis will provide improved knowledge of molecular abundances, cloud temperatures and densities, and may also reveal previously unsuspected blends of molecular lines, which otherwise may lead to erroneous conclusions. Nonetheless, large portions of the sub-millimetre spectral regime remain unexplored due to severe absorptions by H2O and O2in the terrestrial atmosphere. The purpose of the measurements presented here is to cover wavelength regions at and around 0.55 mm – regions largely unobservable from the ground.

Published
2007
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175. Molecular oxygen in the ρ Ophiuchi cloud ***

Author

Larsson, B., Liseau, R., Pagani, L., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Biver, N., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Crovisier, J., Curry, C. L., Dahlgren, M., Encrenaz, P. J., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P. A., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Fredrixon, M., Frisk, U., Gahm, G. F., Gerin, M., Hagström, M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Hjalmarson, Å., Johansson, L. E. B., Justtanont, K., Klotz, A., Kyrölä, E., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Llewellyn, E. J., Lundin, S., Mégie, G., Mitchell, G. F., Murtagh, D., Nordh, L. H., Nyman, L.-Å., Olberg, M., Olofsson, A. O. H., Olofsson, G., Olofsson, H., Persson, G., Plume, R., Rickman, H., Ristorcelli, I., Rydbeck, G., Sandqvist, A. A., Schéele, F. V., Serra, G., Torchinsky, S., Tothill, N. F., Volk, K., Wiklind, T., Wilson, C. D., Winnberg, A., Witt, G., Larsson, B., Liseau, R., Pagani, L., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Biver, N., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Crovisier, J., Curry, C. L., Dahlgren, M., Encrenaz, P. J., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P. A., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Fredrixon, M., Frisk, U., Gahm, G. F., Gerin, M., Hagström, M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Hjalmarson, Å., Johansson, L. E. B., Justtanont, K., Klotz, A., Kyrölä, E., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Llewellyn, E. J., Lundin, S., Mégie, G., Mitchell, G. F., Murtagh, D., Nordh, L. H., Nyman, L.-Å., Olberg, M., Olofsson, A. O. H., Olofsson, G., Olofsson, H., Persson, G., Plume, R., Rickman, H., Ristorcelli, I., Rydbeck, G., Sandqvist, A. A., Schéele, F. V., Serra, G., Torchinsky, S., Tothill, N. F., Volk, K., Wiklind, T., Wilson, C. D., Winnberg, A., and Witt, G.

Abstract

Context.Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2emission.

Published
2007
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178. This Thing Called Theory

Author

Bernath, Doreen and Engel, Braden

Abstract

AbstractThis introduction to the ‘This Thing Called Theory’ issue of the journal, written by editors Doreen Bernath and Braden Engel, frames current discourses on architectural theory in three categories: “theory as apparatus,” “theory as transaction,” and “theory as craft.” It also briefly summarizes each of the essays included in the issue.

Published
2016
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179. First NH3detection of the Orion Bar *

Author

Larsson, B., Liseau, R., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Curry, C. L., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Frisk, U., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E. M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Johansson, L. E. B., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Mattila, K., Mitchell, G. F., Nordh, L. H., Olberg, M., Olofsson, G., Pagani, L., Plume, R., Ristorcelli, I., Sandqvist, Aa., Schéele, F. v., Tothill, N. F. H., Volk, K., Wilson, C. D., Larsson, B., Liseau, R., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Curry, C. L., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Frisk, U., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E. M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Johansson, L. E. B., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Mattila, K., Mitchell, G. F., Nordh, L. H., Olberg, M., Olofsson, G., Pagani, L., Plume, R., Ristorcelli, I., Sandqvist, Aa., Schéele, F. v., Tothill, N. F. H., Volk, K., and Wilson, C. D.

Abstract

Odin has successfully observed three regions in the Orion?A cloud, i.e. Ori?KL, Ori?S and the Orion Bar, in the 572.5?GHz rotational ground state line of ammonia, ortho-NH3$(J,K) = (1,0) \rightarrow (0,0)$, and the result for the Orion Bar represents the first detection in an ammonia line. Several velocity components are present in the data. Specifically, the observed line profile from the Orion Bar can be decomposed into two components, which are in agreement with observations in high-JCO lines by Wilson et al. (2001). Using the source model for the Orion Bar by these authors, our Odin observation implies a total ammonia abundance of ${\rm NH}_3/{\rm H}_2 = 5\times 10^{-9}$.

Published
2003
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180. First detection of NH3($\mathsf{1_0 \rightarrow 0_0}$) from a low mass cloud core ***

Author

Liseau, R., Larsson, B., Brandeker, A., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Booth, R., Buat, V., Curry, C., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P., Fich, M., Florén, H., Frisk, U., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Hjalmarson, Å., Johansson, L., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Mattila, K., Mitchell, G., Nordh, L., Olberg, M., Olofsson, G., Pagani, L., Plume, R., Ristorcelli, I., Sandqvist, Aa., Schéele, F. v., Serra, G., Tothill, N., Volk, K., Wilson, C., Liseau, R., Larsson, B., Brandeker, A., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Black, J. H., Booth, R., Buat, V., Curry, C., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P., Fich, M., Florén, H., Frisk, U., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Hjalmarson, Å., Johansson, L., Kwok, S., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Mattila, K., Mitchell, G., Nordh, L., Olberg, M., Olofsson, G., Pagani, L., Plume, R., Ristorcelli, I., Sandqvist, Aa., Schéele, F. v., Serra, G., Tothill, N., Volk, K., and Wilson, C.

Abstract

Odin has successfully observed the molecular core ρ Oph A in the 572.5 GHz rotational ground state line of ammonia, NH3($J_K = 1_0 \rightarrow 0_0$). The interpretation of this result makes use of complementary molecular line data obtained from the ground (C17O and CH3OH) as part of the Odin preparatory work. Comparison of these observations with theoretical model calculations of line excitation and transfer yields a quite ordinary abundance of methanol, X($\rm CH_3OH)= 3 \times 10^{-9}$. Unless NH3is not entirely segregated from C17O and CH3OH, ammonia is found to be significantly underabundant with respect to typical dense core values, viz. X($\rm NH_3) = 8 \times 10^{-10}$.

Published
2003
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181. Highlights from the first year of Odin observations*

Author

Hjalmarson, Å., Frisk, U., Olberg, M., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Biver, N., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Crovisier, J., Curry, C. L., Dahlgren, M., Encrenaz, P. J., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P. A., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Fredrixon, M., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E. M., Hagström, M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Horellou, C., Johansson, L. E. B., Kyrölä, E., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Lindqvist, M., Liseau, R., Llewellyn, E. J., Mattila, K., Mégie, G., Mitchell, G. F., Murtagh, D., Nyman, L.-Å., Nordh, H. L., Olofsson, A. O. H., Olofsson, G., Olofsson, H., Pagani, L., Persson, G., Plume, R., Rickman, H., Ristorcelli, I., Rydbeck, G., Sandqvist, Aa., von Schéele, F., Serra, G., Torchinsky, S., Tothill, N. F., Volk, K., Wiklind, T., Wilson, C. D., Winnberg, A., Witt, G., Hjalmarson, Å., Frisk, U., Olberg, M., Bergman, P., Bernath, P., Biver, N., Black, J. H., Booth, R. S., Buat, V., Crovisier, J., Curry, C. L., Dahlgren, M., Encrenaz, P. J., Falgarone, E., Feldman, P. A., Fich, M., Florén, H. G., Fredrixon, M., Gerin, M., Gregersen, E. M., Hagström, M., Harju, J., Hasegawa, T., Horellou, C., Johansson, L. E. B., Kyrölä, E., Kwok, S., Larsson, B., Lecacheux, A., Liljeström, T., Lindqvist, M., Liseau, R., Llewellyn, E. J., Mattila, K., Mégie, G., Mitchell, G. F., Murtagh, D., Nyman, L.-Å., Nordh, H. L., Olofsson, A. O. H., Olofsson, G., Olofsson, H., Pagani, L., Persson, G., Plume, R., Rickman, H., Ristorcelli, I., Rydbeck, G., Sandqvist, Aa., von Schéele, F., Serra, G., Torchinsky, S., Tothill, N. F., Volk, K., Wiklind, T., Wilson, C. D., Winnberg, A., and Witt, G.

Abstract

Key Odin operational and instrumental features and highlights from our sub-millimetre and millimetre wave observations of H2O, H$_2^{18}$O, NH3, 15NH3and O2are presented, with some insights into accompanying Odin Letters in this A&A issue. We focus on new results where Odin's high angular resolution, high frequency resolution, large spectrometer bandwidths, high sensitivity or/and frequency tuning capability are crucial: H2O mapping of the Orion KL, W 3, DR 21, S 140 regions, and four comets; H2O observations of Galactic Centre sources, of shock enhanced H2O towards the SNR IC 443, and of the candidate infall source IRAS 16293-2422; H$_2^{18}$O detections in Orion KL and in comet Ikeya-Zhang; sub-mm detections of NH3in Orion KL (outflow, ambient cloud and bar) and ρ Oph, and very recently, of 15NH3in Orion KL. Simultaneous sensitive searches for the 119 GHz line of O2have resulted in very low abundance limits, which are difficult to accomodate in chemical models. We also demonstrate, by means of a quantitative comparison of Orion KL H2O results, that the Odin and SWAS observational data sets are very consistently calibrated.

Published
2003
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182. High resolution absorption cross sections for propylene in the 3µm region at high temperatures

Author

Buzan, Eric M., Hargreaves, Robert J., and Bernath, Peter F.

Abstract

High resolution infrared spectra in the 3µm region for propylene (C3H6) were recorded at temperatures up to 700K. Measurements were taken using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer at a resolution of 0.005cm−1using a quartz cell inside a tube furnace. Calculated cross sections were calibrated against composite spectra from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. These cross sections are provided with this work and will find use in remote sensing and combustion monitoring.

Published
2016
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183. Nitrous oxide in the atmosphere: First measurements of a lower thermospheric source

Author

Sheese, Patrick E., Walker, Kaley A., Boone, Chris D., Bernath, Peter F., and Funke, Bernd

Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, as well as one of the most significant anthropogenic ozone‐depleting substances in the stratosphere. The satellite‐based instrument Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment‐Fourier Transform Spectrometer has been observing the Earth's limb since 2004 and derives profiles of N2O volume mixing ratios in the upper troposphere to the lower thermosphere. The resulting climatology shows that N2O is continuously produced in the lower thermosphere via energetic particle precipitation and enhanced N2O is present at all latitudes, during all seasons. The results are consistent with an N2O production source peaking near or above 94 km via low‐energy particles, as well as a polar wintertime source near 70 km via medium energy particles. N2O produced in the polar upper atmosphere descends each winter to as far down as ~40 km. ACE‐FTS first to observe N2O production via energetic particle precipitation in lower thermosphereN2O produced in mesosphere‐lower thermosphere descends into upper stratosphere during polar winterN2O is not a good dynamical tracer in polar winter upper stratosphere

Published
2016
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185. Stretching Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes: In-Situ Correlation of Mechanical, Ionic Transport, and Optical Properties.

Author

Westover, Andrew S., Shabab, Farhan Nur, Tian, John W., Bernath, Shivaprem, Oakes, Landon, Erwin, William R., Carter, Rachel, Bardhan, Rizia, and Pinta, Cary L.

Subjects
POLYELECTROLYTES, POLYETHYLENE oxide, IONIC liquids, CRYSTALLINITY, YOUNG'S modulus, TENSILE strength, YIELD stress, IONIC conductivity
Abstract

In this work we perform mechanical stretching tests while monitoring optical and ionic transport properties of ion-intercalated semi-crystalline polyethylene-oxide (PEO) electrolytes in-situ. Utilizing ionic liquid (EMIBF4) -- PEO electrolytes, we demonstrate a correlation between the degree of crystallinity, which depends on the ion concentration, and the Young's modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and yield stress. Upon stretching solid-statePEOelectrolytes,we observe an anisotropic increase in ionic conductivity that we correlate to the optical polarized Raman spectroscopic and microscopic signatures of polymer domain alignment - especially notable in the plastic regime. In-situ Raman spectroscopic studies indicate mechanically-induced ionic transport effects originate from chemical and structural rearrangement of polymer chains, and are independent of the ion species utilized. To emphasize this, we demonstrate the ideas of this study to be similarly transferrable to LiPF6 and LiI/I2 intercalated PEO solid-state electrolytes which exhibit similar mechanical-ionic transport response as ionic liquids. This study lays the groundwork for studying the mechanochemistry of solid-state electrolytes, with relevance toward specific electrolyte configurations employed in supercapacitors, lithium ion batteries, and dye sensitized solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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186. EL CONCEPTO DE FALSEDAD EN EL FALSO TESTIMONIO UNA INTRODUCCIÓN A LA DOGMÁTICA GENERAL DE LOS DELITOS DE FALSEDAD.

Author

VON BERNATH, JAVIER WILENMANN

Abstract

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Derecho is the property of Revista Chilena de Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2014
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188. NRLMSIS 2.1: An Empirical Model of Nitric Oxide Incorporated Into MSIS

Author

Emmert, J. T., Jones, M., Siskind, D. E., Drob, D. P., Picone, J. M., Stevens, M. H., Bailey, S. M., Bender, S., Bernath, P. F., Funke, B., Hervig, M. E., and Pérot, K.

Abstract

We have developed an empirical model of nitric oxide (NO) number density at altitudes from ∼73 km to the exobase, as a function of altitude, latitude, day of year, solar zenith angle, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity. The model is part of the NRLMSIS® 2.1 empirical model of atmospheric temperature and species densities; this upgrade to NRLMSIS 2.0 consists solely of the addition of NO. MSIS 2.1 assimilates observations from six space‐based instruments: UARS/HALOE, SNOE, Envisat/MIPAS, ACE/FTS, Odin/SMR, and AIM/SOFIE. We additionally evaluated the new model against independent extant NO data sets. In this paper, we describe the formulation and fitting of the model, examine biases between the data sets and model and among the data sets, compare with another empirical NO model (NOEM), and discuss scientific aspects of our analysis. New nitric oxide (NO) component of NRLMSIS empirical temperature and density model, from ∼73 km to exobaseConstructed within NRLMSIS 2.0 framework; NO density is coupled to MSIS temperature above ∼110 kmThe empirical fit is based on observations from six space‐based instruments New nitric oxide (NO) component of NRLMSIS empirical temperature and density model, from ∼73 km to exobase Constructed within NRLMSIS 2.0 framework; NO density is coupled to MSIS temperature above ∼110 km The empirical fit is based on observations from six space‐based instruments

Published
2022
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189. Stratospheric Aerosol Composition Observed by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Following the 2019 Raikoke Eruption

Author

Boone, Chris D., Bernath, Peter F., Labelle, Keith, and Crouse, Jeff

Abstract

Infrared aerosol spectra derived from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment measurements following the June 2019 Raikoke volcanic eruption are used to evaluate the composition of stratospheric aerosols in the Arctic. A blanket of aerosols, spanning an altitude range from the tropopause (8–11 km) to 20 km, persisted in the stratosphere over northern latitudes for many months. The aerosols within this blanket were almost exclusively sulfates. The percentage of sulfuric acid in the aerosols decreased over time, dropping below 50% H2SO4concentration at some altitudes by March 2020. Contrary to previous reports, the aerosol blanket was not comprised of smoke particles. Particles in the atmosphere were measured from a satellite‐based instrument following the 2019 eruption of the Raikoke volcano. These particles were found to be predominately liquid droplets containing a mixture of sulfuric acid and water. A thick blanket of the particles settled over northern regions and lasted for months. Contrary to previous reports, particles in this blanket did not consist of smoke from intense fires that occurred shortly after the volcano's eruption. Following the Raikoke eruption, a layer of sulfate aerosols developed in the stratosphere over northern latitudes, persisting for monthsAerosol composition and physical properties were derived from measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry ExperimentNo evidence of stratospheric smoke was found in the Arctic region, contradicting previous reports Following the Raikoke eruption, a layer of sulfate aerosols developed in the stratosphere over northern latitudes, persisting for months Aerosol composition and physical properties were derived from measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment No evidence of stratospheric smoke was found in the Arctic region, contradicting previous reports

Published
2022
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190. High-resolution absorption cross sections of C2H6at elevated temperatures

Author

Hargreaves, Robert J., Buzan, Eric, Dulick, Michael, and Bernath, Peter F.

Abstract

Infrared absorption cross sections near 3.3 µm have been obtained for ethane, C2H6. These were acquired at elevated temperatures (up to 773 K) using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and tube furnace with a resolution of 0.005 cm−1. The integrated absorption was calibrated using composite infrared spectra taken from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). These new measurements are the first high-resolution infrared C2H6cross sections at elevated temperatures.

Published
2015
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191. Growth in stratospheric chlorine from short‐lived chemicals not controlled by the Montreal Protocol

Author

Hossaini, R., Chipperfield, M. P., Saiz‐Lopez, A., Harrison, J. J., Glasow, R., Sommariva, R., Atlas, E., Navarro, M., Montzka, S. A., Feng, W., Dhomse, S., Harth, C., Mühle, J., Lunder, C., O'Doherty, S., Young, D., Reimann, S., Vollmer, M. K., Krummel, P. B., and Bernath, P. F.

Abstract

We have developed a chemical mechanism describing the tropospheric degradation of chlorine containing very short‐lived substances (VSLS). The scheme was included in a global atmospheric model and used to quantify the stratospheric injection of chlorine from anthropogenic VSLS ( ClyVSLS) between 2005 and 2013. By constraining the model with surface measurements of chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), tetrachloroethene (C2Cl4), trichloroethene (C2HCl3), and 1,2‐dichloroethane (CH2ClCH2Cl), we infer a 2013 ClyVSLSmixing ratio of 123 parts per trillion (ppt). Stratospheric injection of source gases dominates this supply, accounting for ∼83% of the total. The remainder comes from VSLS‐derived organic products, phosgene (COCl2, 7%) and formyl chloride (CHClO, 2%), and also hydrogen chloride (HCl, 8%). Stratospheric ClyVSLSincreased by ∼52% between 2005 and 2013, with a mean growth rate of 3.7 ppt Cl/yr. This increase is due to recent and ongoing growth in anthropogenic CH2Cl2—the most abundant chlorinated VSLS not controlled by the Montreal Protocol. Stratospheric Cl from short‐lived chemicals has increased significantlyIncreasing Cl due to rapid growth in surface emissions of CH2Cl2COCl2and HCl from VSLS make a nonzero contribution to stratospheric Cl

Published
2015
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192. Simulation of energetic particle precipitation effects during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter

Author

Randall, C. E., Harvey, V. L., Holt, L. A., Marsh, D. R., Kinnison, D., Funke, B., and Bernath, P. F.

Abstract

Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during the 2003–2004 Arctic winter led to the production and subsequent transport of reactive odd nitrogen (NOx= NO + NO2) from the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) into the stratosphere. This caused NOxenhancements in the polar upper stratosphere in April 2004 that were unprecedented in the satellite record. Simulations of the 2003–2004 Arctic winter with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model using Specified Dynamics (SD‐WACCM) are compared to satellite measurements to assess our understanding of the observed NOxenhancements. The comparisons show that SD‐WACCM clearly displays the descent of NOxproduced by EPP but underestimates the enhancements by at least a factor of four. Comparisons with NO measurements in January and February indicate that SD‐WACCM most likely underestimates EPP‐induced NO production locally in the mesosphere because it does not include precipitation of high energy electrons. Comparisons with temperature measurements suggest that SD‐WACCM does not properly simulate recovery from a sudden stratospheric warming in early January, resulting in insufficient transport from the MLT into the stratosphere. Both of these factors probably contribute to the inability of SD‐WACCM to simulate the stratospheric NOxenhancements, although their relative importance is unclear. The work highlights the importance of considering the full spectrum of precipitating electrons in order to fully understand the impact of EPP on the atmosphere. It also suggests a need for high‐quality meteorological data and measurements of NOxthroughout the polar winter MLT. Energetic particle precipitation effects in Arctic winter 2003–2004 are modeledTransport of EPP‐NOxinto the stratosphere is significantly underestimatedBetter knowledge of precipitating electrons and transport in MLT is needed

Published
2015
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194. Atomic and molecular data needed for analysis of infrared spectra from ISO and SIRTF.

Author

Araki, H., Brézin, E., Ehlers, J., Frisch, U., Hepp, K., Jaffe, R. L., Kippenhahn, R., Weidenmüller, H. A., Wess, J., Zittartz, J., Beiglböck, W., Smith, Peter L., Wiese, Wolfgang L., and Bernath, P. F.

Abstract

The satellites ISO and SIRTF are cryogenically-cooled infrared observatories. These telescopes will provide a tremendous increase in sensitivity and will, therefore, require new laboratory data to support their missions. A survey of some of the necessary atomic and molecular data is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1992
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200. Movin' and Groovin': Integrating Movement Throughout the Curriculum.

Author

Bernath, Charlotte and Masi, Wendy

Subjects
EARLY childhood education, PHYSICAL education for children, CURRICULUM, MOTOR ability in children, MOTOR learning
Abstract

The article describes the success of integrating daily school routines, lesson plans and parent communication with movement and physical education in early childhood programs. It provides an overview of the Family Center Village Preschool's movement/education project. It also presents steps in integrating movement into the early childhood curriculum.

Published
2005

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