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151. Progress on a spherical TPC for low energy neutrino detection

Author

V. Lepeltier, T Enqvist, G. Fanourakis, P Gorodetzky, E. Ferrer Ribas, Theodoros Geralis, J. Dolbeau, E. A. Paschos, G. J. Gounaris, J. Morales, M Gros, P. Salin, K. Kousouris, P. Colas, I. Savvidis, T. Patzak, J D Vergados, Y. Giomataris, H Deschamps, S. Aune, I. G. Irastorza, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alessandro Bottino, Eugenio Coccia, Julio Morales, Jorge Puimedón, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Physics, History, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Fist, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, Large target, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Supernova, Low energy, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

The new concept of the spherical TPC aims at relatively large target masses with low threshold and background, keeping an extremely simple and robust operation. Such a device would open the way to detect the neutrino-nucleus interaction, which, although a standard process, remains undetected due to the low energy of the neutrino-induced nuclear recoils. The progress in the development of the fist 1 m$^3$ prototype at Saclay is presented. Other physics goals of such a device could include supernova detection, low energy neutrino oscillations and study of non-standard properties of the neutrino, among others., 3 pages, talk given at the 9th Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, Zaragoza, September 10-14

Published
2005

152. A photo-detector for UHECR observation from space

Author

O. Bourrion, Valerio Gracco, F. Cadoux, A. Thea, Mario Sannino, P. Musico, E. Plagnol, D. H. Koang, S. Cuneo, P. Nedelec, Alessandro Petrolini, Marco Pallavicini, F. Pratolongo, P. Gorodetzky, D. Dzahini, E. Lagorio, Flavio Fontanelli, M. Ameri, J. P. Richer, G. Bosson, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EUSO, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High-energy astro-particle physics, Photodetector, Elementary particle, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Photon detectors, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Space exploration, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], High-energy physics, 0103 physical sciences, photon detectors, multi-anode photo-multipliers, housing, sensor array, high-energy physics, high-energy astro-particle physics, ultra high-energy cosmic radiation, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Sensor array, Physics, Ultra high-energy cosmic radiation, COSMIC cancer database, Multi-anode photo-multipliers, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 85.60, 29.40, 96.40, 13.85, Massless particle, Housing
Abstract

International audience; It is most likely that the next generation of experiments for the study of the Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Radiation (UHECR), that is cosmic particles reaching the Earth with energies in excess of 10$^{19}$ eV, will consist of space-based experiments. The observation from space of the Extensive Atmospheric Showers (EAS) produced by UHECR is a big challenge, because the faint signal must be extracted from a large background by an experimental apparatus operating in space. The requirements for the photo-detector for such a kind of space missions will be briefly discussed and the solutions adopted for the design of the photo-detector of the EUSO experiment will be presented.

Published
2005

153. NOSTOS: A NEW LOW-ENERGY NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT

Author

S. Aune, E. A. Paschos, E. Ferrer Ribas, G. J. Gounaris, P. Colas, I. G. Irastorza, P. Salin, T. Geralis, T. Patzak, J. D. Vergados, B. Peyaud, H. van der Graaf, J. Dolbeau, P. Gorodetzky, V. Lepeltier, Jose Busto, Y. Giomataris, Konstantinos Kousouris, and Georgios Fanourakis

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Low energy, Neutrino detector, Solar neutrino, Measurements of neutrino speed, Neutrino, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino oscillation
Published
2005

154. Nostos - Spherical TPCs

Author

P. Gorodetzky, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), and Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Magnetic moment, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Weinberg angle, Radius, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Supernova, 0103 physical sciences, SPHERES, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrino, 010306 general physics
Abstract

A new concept, the spherical TPC, presents unique advantages when low energy neutrinos are to be detected. Some of the applications are: a) observation of the e oscillation when emitted by a tritium source ( = 14 keV) in a 10 m radius sphere. This project, baptized NOSTOS, intends to give the mixing angle 13, the Weinberg angle and a much lower limit (< 10-12 ?B) of the neutrino magnetic moment, b) an array of small (radius 2-4 m), cheap spheres scattered around the world would be perfect to monitor extragalactic supernovae, c) detect the spectrum of low energy (pp - 7Be) solar neutrinos., Comment: XIII International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions at the NESTOR Institute - Pylos, Grece, 6-12 Septembre 2004

Published
2005
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155. NOSTOS experiment and new trends in rare event detection

Author

I. Giomataris, S. Aune, P. Colas, E. Ferrer, I. Irastorza, B. Peyaud, J. Dolbeau, P. Gorodetzky, H. van der Graaf, T. Patzak, P. Salin, J. Busto, V. Lepeltier, I. Vergados, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), C. Bosio, P.S. Marrocchesi, F.-L. Navarria, M. Paganoni and P. Pelfer, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Weinberg angle, Radius, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Supernova, Neutrino detector, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

A novel low-energy neutrino-oscillation experiment NOSTOS, combining a strong tritium source and a high pressure spherical TPC detector (10 m in radius) has been recently proposed. The goal of the experiment is to measure the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$, the neutrino magnetic moment and the Weinberg angle at low energy. The same apparatus, filled with high pressure Xenon, exhibits a high sensitivity as a Super Nova neutrino detector with extra galactic sensitivity. Results of a first prototype will be shown and a short-term experimental program will be discussed., Comment: 6 pages, 4 Figures

Published
2004

156. Status report on high-pressure TPC

Author

P SALIN, P GORODETZKY, J DOLBEAU, T PATZAK, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M. Jeitler, M. Krammer, M. Regler, and G. Badurek

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrinos, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High gain, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Gaseous detectors, Time projection chamber, 0103 physical sciences, Gas analysis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 0210 nano-technology, Instrumentation, 02.70.Lq, 26.65.+t, 29.40.Cs, 95.55.Vj
Abstract

HELLAZ experiment intends to measure with high precision the low-energy solar neutrino (p–p and 7Be) spectrum. The method uses the neutrino elastic scattering over the 2×1030 electrons contained in a 2000 m3 TPC filled with helium (for its high radio isotopic purity, its low transverse diffusion and its low drift velocity), at a pressure of 20 bar at 300 K. Reconstructing the neutrino energy requires a precise measurement over the angle and energy (between 100 keV and 1 MeV) of the scattered electron. 1% electron energy accuracy is easy to get through an integral charge measurement. An angular accuracy ≈±2° yields a neutrino energy resolution better than 10%, not only enough to separate the p-p and 7Be spectrum, but which also possibly allows to show the shape variation of p–p spectrum in certain cases of neutrino oscillations. In a TPC the only way to obtain an angular resolution better than 5° is to detect every single ionization electrons of the diffused electron cloud. Hence, we need a very fast detector (collection time less-than-or-equals, slant10 ns) and a gain of around 106 with a signal over noise ratio near 2 for the single electron detection. The only gas detector that meets the criterion is the MICROMEGAS detector which has a very good separation between electron and ion signal. These conditions are easy to obtain with a gas mixture like He and isoC4H10 at atmospheric pressure. But in the real condition at 20 bar, where we currently use CH4 as a quencher, we are limited to a gain less-than-or-equals, slant4–5×104. We have studied the dependence of the gain with the gas mixture. Several improvements have been done with a new mixing gas He, isoC4H10 and CH4. After a simulation with IMONTE45 we did obtain the right mixing gas and high gain up to 5×105 with near 50% efficiency for the single electron detection. Recently, a new improvement has been done with a double stage MICROMEGAS. With this set-up we obtained 1.6×106 and an efficiency greater than 90% for the single electron detection.

Published
2004

157. Dark matter with HELLAZ

Author

P. Salin, J. I. Collar, T. Patzak, J. Dolbeau, P. Gorodetzky, I. Giomataris, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Frank Avignone, Wick Haxton

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, Detector, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Atomic mass, Nuclear physics, Single electron, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Bar (unit)
Abstract

Dark matter interacting in a pressurized TPC will produce an energy spectrum of recoil nuclei whose end point depends on the atomic mass and the pressure of the gas. These can be varied from He to Xe, and 10$^{-2}$ to 20 bar. The threshold depends on the gain of the end cap detector and can reach single electron capability, that is a few eV. HELLAZ has reached that gain with 20 bar He. Parts of this presentation are taken from [J.I. Collar, Y. Giomataris, Nucl. Inst. Meth. 471 (2001) 254].

Published
2003

158. A new concept hadronic sampling calorimeter

Author

Enrico Scomparin, A. Piccotti, Rachid Mazini, A. Bussiere, N DeMarco, C. Baglin, P. Guaita, G. Dellacasa, A. Musso, B. Grosdidier, D. Lazic, P. Liaud, P. Gorodetzky, M. Gallio, Ermanno Vercellin, and E. Chiavassa

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Detector, Signal Width, Electron, Calorimeter, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The performances of the prototypes of a new hadronic calorimeter built with 1-mm-diameter quartz fibers embedded in lead are presented. The use of Cherenkov light produced in quartz fibers offers various advantages: radiation resistance up to 1 Grad, very good timing properties (1 ns time resolution and 5 ns signal width), and good linearity. The two prototypes have been tested at CERN SPS with electrons (10 and 30 GeV) and sulphur (200 GeV/nucleon) beams. The measured resolution was 10.5% on 10 GeV electrons for the first prototype and 7.5% on sulphur for the second one. The agreement between the experimental data and simulation results shows that one can now design the final version of such a detector. >

Published
2003

159. The photo-detector for the EUSO experiment

Author

Marco Pallavicini, C. Chapron, P. Nedelec, F. Cadoux, V. Gracco, J. Dolbeau, F. Fontanelli, A. Petrolini, Paolo Musico, P. Gorodetzky, M. Ameri, Yoshiya Kawasaki, Mario Sannino, Masahiro Takeda, Naoto Sakaki, Osvaldo Catalano, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, F. Pratolongo, E. Plagnol, and S. Cuneo

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pixel, astrophysics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photodetector, Astronomy, cosmic rays, imaging detectors, photo-detectors, Cosmic ray, International Space Station, Instrumentation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The EUSO experiment is currently under study by ESA for a possible installation on the International Space Station. The experiment is designed to study, by means of a space-based observational apparatus, the Extensive Air Showers produced in the atmosphere by Extreme High-Energy Cosmic Rays. The design of a fast, single-photon sensitive photo-detector in the near UV, covering a large area with a few hundreds thousands pixels, and suitable for 3 years of operation in space is a challenging task. The basic aspects of the current EUSO photo-detector design, based on the presently known requirements and constraints, and the results of the preliminary studies carried on so far will be described.

Published
2003

160. Status report of the solar neutrino detection project HELLAZ

Author

P. Gorodetzky, P. Salin, A. Sarrat, T. Patzak, Jean-Charles Vanel, J. Dolbeau, A. de Bellefon, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lantz, Simone

Subjects
Physics, Elastic scattering, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Solar energetic particles, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino, MicroMegas detector, Solar neutrino problem, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Lepton
Abstract

We report the status of the solar neutrino project called HELLAZ. In a high pressure TPC filled with helium, the detection of each ionisation electron of the track produced by the recoil electron from elastic scattering induced by solar neutrinos will yield the low energy, high resolution solar neutrino spectrum. Two topics are presented: tests of Micromegas gas chambers giving a good discrimination between adjacent ionisation electrons and the preliminary test of the direction of the primary electron track from the cloud analysis. These two tests seem rather encouraging.

Published
1999

161. Charmonia production in 450 GeV/$c$ proton induced reactions

Author

M.C. Abreu, C. Baglin, A. Baldit, M. Bedjidian, P. Bordalo, A. Bussière, P. Busson, J. Castor, T. Chambon, C. Charlot, B. Chaurand, D. Contardo, E. Descroix, A. Devaux, O. Drapier, B. Espagnon, J. Fargeix, R. Ferreira, F. Fleuret, P. Force, L. Fredj, J. Gago, C. Gerschel, P. Gorodetzky, J.Y. Grossiord, A. Guichard, J.P. Guillaud, R. Haroutunian, D. Jouan, L. Kluberg, R. Kossakowski, G. Landaud, C. Lourenço, R. Mandry, F. Ohlsson-Malek, J.R. Pizzi, C. Racca, S. Ramos, A. Romana, P. Saturnini, S. Silva, P. Sonderegger, X. Tarrago, J. Varela, F. Vazeille, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ALICE, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), NA38, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Mass number, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Angular distribution, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Scaling, Beam (structure), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Absolute \jpsi\ and \psip\ production cross sections have been measured at the CERN SPS, with 450~GeV/$c$ protons incident on a set of C, Al, Cu and W targets. Complementing these values with the results obtained by experiment NA51, which used the same beam and detector with H and D targets, we establish a coherent picture of charmonia production in proton-induced reactions at SPS energies. In particular, we show that the scaling of the \jpsi\ cross section with the mass number of the target, A, is well described as A$^\alpha$ with $\alpha^\psi=0.919\pm0.015$. The ratio between the \jpsi\ and \psip\ yields, in our kinematical window, is found to be independent of A, with $\alpha^{\psi^\prime}-\alpha^{\psi}=0.014\pm0.0 11$.

Published
1998

162. On the electromagnetic energy resolution of Cherenkov fiber calorimeters

Author

Mauro Gallio, G. Dellacasa, Ermanno Vercellin, J.M. Helleboid, M. Lundin, K.F. Johnson, P. Juillot, S. N. White, A. Musso, R. DeSalvo, D. Lazic, Andrea Contin, and P. Gorodetzky

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optical fiber, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Resolution (electron density), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Calorimetry, Electromagnetic radiation, law.invention, Calorimeter, Optics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fiber, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation, Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Electromagnetic calorimeters which sample the Cherenkov radiation of shower particles in optical fibers operate in a markedly different manner from calorimeters which rely on the d E d x of shower particles. The well-understood physics of electromagnetic shower development is applied to the case of Cherenkov-fiber calorimetry (also known as quartz fiber calorimetry) and the results of systematically performed studies are considered in detail to derive an understanding of the critical parameters involved in energy measurement using such calorimeters. A quantitative parameterization of Cherenkov-fiber calorimetry electromagnetic energy resolution is proposed and compared with existing experimental results.

Published
1996

163. New results in optical fiber Cherenkov calorimetry

Author

R. De Salvo, M. Lundin, Kurtis F Johnson, P. Gorodetzky, J.M. Helleboid, Andrea Contin, D. Lazic, P. Juillot, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optical fiber, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Polarization-maintaining optical fiber, Graded-index fiber, Electromagnetic radiation, law.invention, Zero-dispersion wavelength, Double-clad fiber, Optics, law, Optoelectronics, Dispersion-shifted fiber, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics::Chemical Physics, business, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Quartz fiber calorimetry is a sampling calorimetry technique based on the detection of Cherenkov light generated in quartz optical fibers. Optical fibers transport only selected modes of light which results in very narrow visible showers. In addition, this technique is characterized by radiation resistance measured in gigarads and nanosecond pulse duration. The results of recent beam tests are presented, illustrating behavior of electromagnetic calorimeters based on this technique as a function of their absorber type, density and distribution of fibers and fiber types.

Published
1995

164. Angular dependence of quartz fiber calorimeter response

Author

S. Kuleshov, D. Litvintsev, J.M. Helleboid, Vladimir A. Isaev, A. Golutvin, K.F. Johnson, G. Dellacasa, V. Gavrilov, M. Lundin, F. Ratnikov, V. Stolin, A. Contin, Mikhail V Danilov, M. Vinogradov, M. Marino, G. Anzivino, P. Juillot, R. DeSalvo, G. Lacommare, P. Gorodetzky, A. Musso, V. Rusinov, D. Lazic, and Yu. Chamorovskii

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Quartz fiber, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Copper, Optics, chemistry, Calibration, business, Instrumentation, Quartz
Abstract

A small quartz fiber calorimeter prototype with copper absorber has been assembled and tested at ITEP as a first test of a “0 degree” component of the RD-40 R&D program. Calibration and monitoring of each tower response was performed using the positions of single photoelectron peaks as well as the response to minimum ionizing particles incident at an angle of 45°. The response of the prototype to 4 GeV electrons as a function of beam angle with respect to the quartz fibers was studied in the range from 0° to 90°. The test results are compared to the GEANT based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.

Published
1995

165. Quartz fiber calorimetry

Author

A. Contin, Enrico Scomparin, G. Anzivino, N DeMarco, R. De Salvo, M. Marino, A. Piccotti, Mauro Gallio, M. Lundin, P. Gorodetzky, G. Dellacasa, P. Juillot, D. Lazic, P. Guaita, K.F. Johnson, Ermanno Vercellin, A. Musso, E. Chiavassa, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
calorimetry, quartz fibres, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optical fiber, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Calorimetry, Nanosecond, law.invention, Optics, law, Pseudorapidity, Optoelectronics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation, Quartz, Radiation resistance, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The fundamentals of a new electromagnetic and hadronic sampling calorimetry based on the detection of Cherenkov light generated in quartz optical fibers are presented. Optical fibers transport light only in a selected angular range which results in a non-obvious and absolutely unique characteristic for this new technique: showers of very narrow visible energy. In addition, the technique is characterized by radiation resistance measured in Gigarads and nanosecond signal duration. Combined, these properties make quartz fiber calorimetry a very promising technique for high intensity heavy ion experiments and for the high pseudorapidity regions of high intensity collider experiments. The results of beam tests and simulations are used to illustrate the basic properties and peculiar characteristics of this recent development.

Published
1995

166. Calorimetry at 0{degree} in RHIC: Some issues in the choice of detector technology

Author

P. Gorodetzky, D. Lazic, B. Christie, and S. N. White

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Particle accelerator, Calorimetry, Scintillator, Particle identification, Particle detector, Calorimeter, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Measuring instrument, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The authors discuss briefly the case for a zero degree calorimeter at RHIC and space constraints on such a device. Two GEANT simulations of quartz fiber calorimeters are then studied and compared to the corresponding case of scintillator sampling. The authors find that the Q-cal calorimeter does provide some improvement in response uniformity near the calorimeter edge to hadronic showers (due to the filtering out of wide angle shower products). This may be an advantage when space is limited and the calorimeter transverse dimensions are small.

Published
1994

167. Possible observation of medium effects using a pion correlation technique

Author

D. L'Hote, N. Bastid, J. Augerat, C. Cavata, P. Charmensat, R. Lednicky, M-C. Lemaire, J. Gosset, P. Gorodetzky, H. Dabrowski, D. Qassoud, H.N. Agakishiev, B. Lucas, Gerard Montarou, A. Le Merdy, Wolfgang Bauer, J. PIuta, A. Rahmani, P. Dupieux, Pawel Danielewicz, P. Stefański, Peter Schuck, V.G. Grishin, M.-J. Parizet, Dietrich Klakow, O. Valette, J. Marroncle, J.P. Alard, D. Ardouin, J. Poitou, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DIOGENE, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Resonance (particle physics), Nuclear physics, Pion, medicine.anatomical_structure, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Coulomb, medicine, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Nucleus
Abstract

Correlations of oppositely charged pions produced in interactions of protons and light nuclei with different nuclear targets are investigated. The invariant-mass distributions are analyzed in order to search for new conjectured nuclear effects. Strong and electromagnetic final-state interactions between pions and the Coulomb interaction between pions and the target nucleus are taken into account. An admixture of pion pairs coming from resonance decays is estimated. An enhancement in the low invariant-mass region is observed only for heavy target systems. A shadowing effect due to pion absorption inside the nuclear medium is considered as a possible source of this pattern. Azimuthal π + π − correlations and pion yield dependence on the impact parameter, as well as transport calculations, seem to confirm this assumption.

Published
1993

168. J/ψ, φ and ρ−ψ production in p+U, O+U and S+U collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon

Author

R. Ferreira, J. Fargeix, R. Cases, G. Landaud, R. Salmeron, S. Silva, A. Guichard, Claude Charlot, T. Chambon, A. Devaux, J.M. Gago, B. Grosdidier, B. Chaurand, C. Gerschel, X. Tarrago, P. Force, Presented by D. Jouan, F. Staley, P. Gorodetzky, C. Baglin, P. Sonderegger, R. Mazi, O. Drapier, J. Y. Grossiord, A. Baldisseri, D. Jouan, A. Bussiere, L. Fredj, R. Haroutunian, M.C. Abreu, M. Bedjidian, J. P. Guillaud, A. Romana, J. Castor, R. Kossakowski, Carlos Lourenco, L. Kluberg, E. Descroix, P. Bordalo, S. Ramos, F. Vazeille, A. Baldit, Philippe Busson, D. Contardo, Joao Varela, X. Felgeyrolles, and P. Liaud

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Nuclear physics, Strange matter, Pair production, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic number, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

The production of muon pairs has been studied in p+U, O+U, and S+U collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon, as a function or the atomic number of the projectile or of the energy density reached. Features of J/ψ, φ, and ρ−ω vector mesons production, which are respectively suppressed, enhanced, and approximately constant as compared to mass continuum events, are in agreement with predictions based on quark‐gluon plasma formation, and put severe constraints on a purely hadronic description of ultrarelativistic nucleus‐nucleus collisions.

Published
1992

169. Development of Micromegas for neutrinoless double beta decay searches

Author

A Rodríguez, E. Ferrer-Ribas, S. Cebrián, Hector Gomez, I. G. Irastorza, P Gorodetzky, T. Papaevangelou, Ioannis Giomataris, Fabien Jeanneau, J. Morales, F.J. Iguaz, A. Tomás, G. Luzón, T. Dafni, José Villar, Javier Galan, L. Segui, P. Salin, J. Ruz, J. M. Carmona, Laboratorio de Física Nuclear y Astropartículas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, High energy, Particle physics, chemistry.chemical_element, MicroMegas detector, Nuclear physics, Quality (physics), Xenon, chemistry, Ionization, High pressure, Double beta decay, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Bar (unit)
Abstract

International audience; The present paper is a summary of experimental tests performed with microbulk Micromegas for application in a neutrinoless double beta decay experiment based in a xenon TPC. No critical limitation related with high pressure has been detected for Micromegas, which has been tested up to 10 bar. No significant differences have been found between low energy X-rays and high energy alpha tracks regarding ionization yield and electronic transparency of Micromegas mesh. Using 5.5 MeV alphas in argon-isobutane mixtures, values as low as 1.8% FWHM have been obtained, with possible evidence that better resolutions are achievable. These results seems independent of pressure (probed up to 4.5 bar) or gas mixture (microbulks have run in xenon without quencher). The imperative necessity of high quality gas led to start on a new TPC and MPGD dedicated lab at Zaragoza.

Published
2009

170. A Multisite, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Vigabatrin for Treating Cocaine Dependence.

Author

Somoza, Eugene C., Winship, Douglas, Gorodetzky, Charles W., Lewis, Daniel, Ciraulo, Domenic A., Galloway, Gantt P., Segal, Scott D., Sheehan, Michael, Roache, John D., Bickel, Warren K., Jasinski, Donald, Watson, Donnie W., Miller, Steven R., Somoza, Peggy, and Winhusen, Theresa

Subjects
COCAINE abuse treatment, BLIND experiment, PLACEBOS, CLINICAL trials, MEDICATION safety, DRUG efficacy, VIGABATRIN
Abstract

Importance: Cocaine dependence is a significant public health problem, yet no validated pharmacological treatment exists. The potent 7-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic medication vigabatrin has previously been shown to be effective in a double-blind single-site study conducted in Mexico. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of vigabatrin for the treatment of cocaine dependence in a US sample. Design and Setting: Multisite, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week clinical trial with follow-up visits at weeks 13, 16, 20, and 24 in 11 US sites. Participants: In total, 186 treatment-seeking participants with cocaine dependence (mean age, 45 years). Approximately 67% were male, and about 60% were of African American race/ethnicity. Interventions: Participants received twice-daily doses of vigabatrin (total dosage, 3.0 g/d) or matched placebo, plus weekly computerized cognitive behavioral therapy and biweekly individual counseling for 13 weeks. Contingency management encouraged the provision of urine samples. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary out-come measure was the proportion of participants with cocaine abstinence during the last 2 weeks of the 12-week treatment phase as assessed by self-reports and quantitative urine drug screens. The weekly fraction of cocaine use days and the number of drug-free urine samples during weeks 1 through 13 were key secondary measures. Results: No significant differences were observed between the vigabatrin group and the placebo group on the primary outcome measure (P= .67), key secondary measures (P>.99), or other outcome measures. However, while pill counts and self-reports indicated that more than 66% of all participants (and >63% of the vigabatrin group) took more than 70% of their medication, post hoc vigabatrin urine concentration levels suggested that approximately 40% to 60% of patients taking vigabatrin may not have been adherent. This lack of adherence may have obscured any evidence of vigabatrin efficacy. No visual acuity or visual field deterioration occurred in any of the participants. Conclusions and Relevance: No protocol-defined differences in efficacy between vigabatrin treatment and placebo were detected for any outcome variable. This may have been due to medication nonadherence or, alternatively, due to the weak efficacy of vigabatrin. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00611130 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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171. A robust, cross-validation classification method (RCM) for improved mapping accuracy and confidence metrics

Author

Harris, J.R., Grunsky, E.C., He, J., Gorodetzky, D., and Brown, N.

Abstract

A modified approach to existing classification procedures, the Robust Classification Method (RCM), is introduced in this study. This algorithm is based on a randomized and repeated sampling of a training dataset in concert with traditional cross-validation of the classification results. A series of predictions (classified maps) and associated uncertainty maps and statistics are produced. The algorithm and associated outputs are discussed and a case study dealing with the classification of surficial materials in an area in Nunavut, Canada (NTS mapsheet 66A) using RCM is presented. The RCM was especially useful for assessing the effects of spectral and spatial variability in the classification process. Specifically, this method provided a majority classification and variability map and confusion statistics to bracket uncertainty in the classification process with respect to statistical (spectral) variability in the training dataset used to perform the classification as well as identifying areas that show spatial variability in classification.

Published
2012
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173. Gamma rays from fusion-evaporation reactions in 32≤A<46 nuclei

Author

J. W. Olness, A.R. Poletti, P. Gorodetzky, J.J. Kolata, and E.K. Warburton

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Isotope, Chemistry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Evaporation, Gamma ray, Electromagnetic radiation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus
Abstract

Tables are presented for observed properties of the nuclear gamma rays emitted following the bombardment of 24,26 Mg, 27 Al, and 28 Si targets with 14 N, 16,18 O, and 19 F beams. Energy, emitting nucleus, intensity, and angular-distribution coefficients are listed for each gamma where known. The beam energies were between 20 and 60 MeV. The gamma rays are from various final nuclei produced by the fusion of projectile and target nuclei into a compound nucleus and the subsequent evaporation of a few light particles.

Published
1974

175. Heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reactions: high spin states inCa43andSc43

Author

P. Gorodetzky, A.R. Poletti, J.W. Olness, J. J. Kolata, and E.K. Warburton

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Recoil, Spin states, Pairing, Yrast, Evaporation, Nuclear structure, Atomic physics, Spin (physics), Excitation
Abstract

Fusion-evaporation reactions, primarily $sup 27$Al($sup 19$F, n2p)$sup 43$Ca and $sup 27$Al($sup 19$F, 2np)$sup 43$Sc, have been used to investigate the structure and formation of the residual nuclei. Decay schemes of the yrast levels which are populated are presented together with suggested spin assignments for some of the higher levels: Incidental results obtained for the nuclei $sup 44$Ca, $sup 44$Sc, and $sup 40$Ca are also discussed. Mean lifetimes measured by the recoil distance method are as follows: ($sup 43$Ca): 2754-keV level, tau = 34.1 +- 1.5 psec; 990-keV level, tau = 73 +- 11 psec; ($sup 43$Sc): 880-keV level, tau = 7.0 +- 1.4 psec; 472-keV level, tau = 233 +- 53 psec; ($sup 44$Ca): 3285-keV level, tau = 23 +- 7 psec, 2283-keV level, tau < 25 psec; ($sup 44$Sc): 631-keV level, tau = 550 +- 80 psec; 3567-keV level, tau = 51 +- 10 psec. The properties of the high spin states populated in the $sup 19$F + $sup 27$Al fusion- evaporation reaction are discussed. Relative excitation intensities of the residual nuclei are interpreted in terms of a Hauser-Feshbach calculation, while a simplified pairing force model allows us to explain a number of observations in specific nuclei. (AIP)

Published
1976

177. Dextromethorphan for the reduction of immediate and late postoperative pain and morphine consumption in orthopedic oncology patients

Author

Weinbroum, Avi A., Gorodetzky, Alexander, Nirkin, Alexander, Kollender, Yehuda, Bickels, Jacob, Marouani, Nissim, Rudick, Valery, and Meller, Isaac

Abstract

Postoperative pain is mediated centrally by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The beneficial effects of preincision oral dextromethorphan (DM), which is an NMDA antagonist, on postoperative pain and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) morphine (MO) consumption have been examined in patients undergoing surgery. The authors investigated 75 patients who underwent surgery for bone and soft tissue malignancies, in whom postoperative pain is more severe compared with patients who undergo general surgery. Patients received placebo, DM 60 mg, or DM 90 mg (25 patients per group) before surgery and on each of the two following days in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled manner. Postoperative IV-PCA MO was started when subjective pain intensity was ≥ 4/10 (visual score) and lasted for 72 hours. Rescue drugs on demand were oral paracetamol or dipyrone. The patients in the DM60 and DM90 groups similarly experienced 50–80% less pain (P &lt; 0.01) compared with patients in the placebo group, both immediately and up to 3 days postoperatively, as well as a 50% reduction in the estimated overall maximal pain intensity (P &lt; 0.01). Both DM groups consumed 50–70% less MO than the nonmedicated individuals in the placebo group (P &lt; 0.01), and their demand for rescue drugs on the first postoperative day also was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.01). Patients in the DM groups also were sedated less (≈ 70%; P &lt; 0.01). There were no differences among the groups in terms of when the patients left their beds, when they were discharged home, or the number of overall side effects. DM is associated with reduced pain intensity, sedation, and analgesic requirements, even in patients undergoing surgery for bone and soft tissue malignancies. A 3-day DM administration neither increased the incidence of side effects nor accelerated ambulation and discharge home. Cancer 2002;95:1164–70. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10784

Published
2002
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178. The NA52 strangelet and particle search in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c

Author

Collaboration:, M Weber for the NA52, Arsenescu, R, Baglin, C, Beck, H P, Borer, K, Bussière, A, Elsener, K, Gorodetzky, Ph, Guillaud, J P, Kabana, S, Klingenberg, R, Lehmann, G, Lindén, T, Lohmann, K D, Mommsen, R, Moser, U, Pretzl, K, Schacher, J, Spiwoks, R, Tuominiemi, J, and Weber, M

Abstract

The NA52 experiment searched for long-lived charged strangelets in 158 A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions at CERN SPS. We collected 1013 Pb+Pb interactions looking for negatively charged strangelets and 3 × 1011 Pb+Pb interactions for positively charged ones. No evidence for the production of strangelets has been observed. The upper strangelet production limits are discussed. Besides the strangelet searches NA52 was able to identify particles and anti-particles over a wide range in rapidity. Results of the invariant differential particle production cross sections including fragments up to carbon and 5 are presented.

Published
2002
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181. Dimuon enhancement in nucleus-nucleus ultrarelativistic interactions

Author

Bordalo, Paula, Abreu, M.C., Alessandro, B., Alexa, C., Arnaldi, R., Astruc, J., Atayan, M., Baglin, C., Baldit, A., Bedjidian, M., Bellaiche, F., Beole`, S., Bohrani, A., Boldea, V., Bussie`re, A., Capelli, L., Caponi, V., Casagrande, L., Castor, J., Chambon, T., Chaurand, B., Chevrot, I., Cheynis, B., Chiavassa, E., Cicalo`, C., Comets, M.P., Constans, N., Constantinescu, S., Contardo, D., Cruz, J., Falco, A. De, Marco, N. De, Dellacasa, G., Devaux, A., Dita, S., Drapier, O., Ducroux, L., Espagnon, B., Fargeix, J., Ferreira, R., Filippov, S.N., Fleuret, F., Force, P., Gallio, M., Gavrilov, Y.K., Gerschel, C., Giubellino, P., Golubeva, M.B., Gonin, M., Gorodetzky, P., Grigorian, A.A., Grossiord, J.Y., Guber, F.F., Guichard, A., Gulkanyan, H., Hakobyan, R., Haroutunian, R., Idzik, M., Jouan, D., Karavitcheva, T.L., Kluberg, L., Kossakowski, R., Kurepin, A.B., Landau, G., Bornec, Y. Le, Louren, C., Luquin, L., Macciotta, P., Cormick, M. Mac, Mandry, R., Marzari-Chiesa, A., Masera, M., Masoni, A., Mehrabyan, S., Monteno, M., Mourgues, S., Musso, A., Ohlsson-Malek, F., Petiau, P., Piccotti, A., Pizzi, J.R., Silva, W.L. Prado da, Puddu, G., Quintans, C., Racca, C., Ramello, L., Ramos, S., Rato-Mendes, P., Riccati, L., Romana, A., Ropotar, I., Saturnini, P., Scomparin, E., Serci, S., Shahoyan, R., Silva, S., Sitta, M., Soave, C., Sonderegger, P., Tarrago, X., Topilskaya, N.S., Usai, G.L., Varela, J., Vercellin, E., and Villatte, L.

Abstract

The study of muon pairs in the mass region 1.5 &lt; M μμ &lt; 2.5 GeV/c in 450 GeV/c p-A, 200 GeV/nucleon S-U and 158 GeV/nucleon Pb-Pb collisions is presented. In p-A interactions, the dimuon signal mass spectra are well described by a superposition of Drell-Yan and charmed meson semi-leptonic decay contributions, in agreement with previous experiments when considering a linear A dependence. In nucleus-nucleus reactions, taking only into account these two physical ingredients, a dimuon enhancement both with increasing A·B and centrality is observed.

Published
1999
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182. Impact parameter dependence of π, K , p , p , d and d production in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV

Author

Kabana, Sonja, Ambrosini, G., Arsenescu, R., Baglin, C., Beringer, J., Borer, K., Bussie`re, A., Dittus, F., Elsener, K., Gorodetzky, Ph., Guillaud, J.P., Hess, P., Klingenberg, R., Linde´n, T., Lohmann, K.D., Mommsen, R., Moser, U., Pretzl, K., Schacher, J., Stoffel, F., Tuominiemi, J., and Weber, M.

Abstract

The impact parameter dependence of π, K , p , p , d and d yields produced in fixed target lead+lead collisions at 158 A GeV incident energy is presented. The particle yields are measured near zero transverse momentum and in the forward rapidity region.

Published
1999
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183. Antinuclei production in heavy ion collisions at CERN SPS

Author

Arsenescu, R., Baglin, C., Beck, H.P., Borer, K., Bussie`re, A., Elsener, K., Gorodetzky, Ph., Guillaud, J.P., Hess, P., Kabana, S., Klingenberg, R., Lehmann, G., Linde´n, T., Lohmann, K.D., Mommsen, R., Moser, U., Pretzl, K., Schacher, J., Spiwoks, R., Stoffel, F., Tuominiemi, J., and Weber, M.

Abstract

Besides the dedicated search for strangelets NA52 measures light (anti)particle and (anti)nuclei production over a wide range of rapidity. Compared to previous runs the statistics has been increased in the 1998 run by more than one order of magnitude for negatively charged objects at different spectrometer rigidities. At a rigidity of −20 GeV/ c we measured 10 p , 10 d and one He without any centrality requirements. These preliminary results together with previous measurements near central rapidity are discussed in the framework of a thermodynamical and a coalescence model.

Published
1999
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186. Comparative metabolism of codeine in man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit: identification of four new metabolites

Author

Cone, E J, Darwin, W D, and Gorodetzky, C W

Abstract

The metabolism and excretion of codeine and its metabolites in untreated urine of man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit have been examined. Metabolites were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry operated in the chemical ionization mode (methane). Concentrations of codeine and metabolites were measured by selected ion monitoring. Both codeine and norcodeine were detected in the urine of all species but a new metabolite, hydrocodone, was found only in the urine from man, guinea-pig and dog. Additional metabolites (presumably resulting from the metabolism of hydrocodone) were also detected in man and guinea-pig. Overall recoveries of drug and metabolites from untreated urine were low for all species.

Published
1979
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187. Stability of the 6,14-Endo-Ethanotetrahydrooripavine Analgesics: Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Buprenorphine

Author

Cone, E.J., Gorodetzky, C.W., Darwin, W.D., and Buchwald, W.F.

Abstract

Buprenorphine (I), a member of the 6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine series of analgesics, undergoes an acid-catalyzed rearrangement reaction when exposed to acid and heat. The product was shown by 1H-NMR and GC-MS to have undergone overall elimination of a molecule of methanol with concurrent formation of a tetrahydrofuran ring at C(6)-C(7) of I. Short-term stability studies across a wide range of pH and temperature conditions indicate that I is stable in aqueous solution at pH > 3 for 24h at 36-38°C. Under the more extreme conditions of the autoclave, significant loss of I occurred. Long-term stability studies (10 weeks) of I in aqueous solution (pH 1 and pH 5) at 0-4°C and 26-28°C indicate only minor conversion (4%) to the rearrangement product. Eight other 6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine derivatives were subjected to extremes of acid (pH 0) and temperature (autoclave) to determine if similar rearrangement reactions occur. GC-MS indicated that hydrolysis products were produced whose spectra were consistent with the proposed rearrangement structures.

Published
1984
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188. Isolation and Identification of Morphine N-Oxide α- and β-Dihydromorphines, β- or γ-Isomorphine, and Hydroxylated Morphine as Morphine Metabolites in Several Mammalian Species

Author

Yeh, S.Y., Krebs, H.A., and Gorodetzky, C.W.

Abstract

New morphine metabolites in the urine of guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, cats, monkeys, and humans were isolated with column chromatography, solvent extraction, and TLC and identified with TLC, GLC, and GLC–mass spectrometry. In addition to the known morphine metabolites, morphine N-oxide was isolated from the urine of guinea pigs, and α- and β-dihydromorphines were isolated or detected in the urine of guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits. Monohydroxymorphine was identified tentatively in the urine of guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, and cats. Dihy- droxymorphine was identified tentatively in the urine of guinea pigs, rats, and, possibly, rabbits. Finally, β- or γ-isomorphine was identified tentatively in the urine of guinea pigs. The newly described morphine metabolites may be involved in some long lasting pharmacological effects of morphine.

Published
1979
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189. Urinary Excretion of Hydromorphone and Metabolites in Humans, Rats, Dogs, Guinea Pigs, and Rabbits

Author

Cone, E.J., Phelps, B.A., and Gorodetzky, C.W.

Abstract

Hydromorphone was administered as a single dose to humans, rats, dogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits, and timed urinary collections were made. GLC-mass spectrometric and GLC analyses of the samples revealed the presence of the parent compound and both 6-hydroxy epimers as metabolites in the urine of all species. Free or conjugated parent drug predominated, while levels of free or conjugated 6β-hydroxy metabolite were higher than or equal to those of the 6α-form. The time courses of excretion of drug and metabolites were similar for all species, with the major portion being excreted in the first 24 hr. Generally, free and conjugated drug were undetectable in human urine after 8 and 48 hr, respectively.

Published
1977
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190. Biosynthesis, Isolation, and Identification of 6β‐Hydroxynaltrexone, a Major Human Metabolite of Naltrexone

Author

Cone, Edward J., Gorodetzky, Charles W., and Yeh, S.Y.

Abstract

Chemical reduction of naltrexone is described in an attempt to synthesize 6β‐hydroxynaltrexone. Only the epimer, 6α‐hydroxynaltrexone, was produced. Pilot metabolic studies on naltrexone in the dog, rat, and guinea pig were made to determine which animal produced the greatest amount of 6β‐hydroxynaltrexone. The guinea pig was selected and used to produce the metabolite. Isolation and purification methods are described, and spectral data are presented for structural confirmation of the metabolite.

Published
1975
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191. Morphine-like discriminative stimulus effects of buprenorphine and demethoxybuprenorphine in rats: quantitative antagonism by naloxone.

Author

Shannon, H E, Cone, E J, and Gorodetzky, C W

Abstract

The interactions between the opioid antagonist naloxone and the opioids morphine, buprenorphine and demethoxybuprenorphine ( DMB ), an acid-catalyzed rearrangement product of buprenorphine, were evaluated quantitatively in rats trained to discriminate between saline and 3.0 mg/kg of morphine using a two-choice, shock avoidance procedure. Dose-effect curves for each of the three agonists were determined alone and in the presence of varying doses of naloxone (0.01-1.0 mg/kg). Buprenorphine and DMB produced dose-related increases in morphine-appropriate responding which plateaued over at least a 30-fold dose-range for each drug. On a molar basis, buprenorphine was approximately 140 times and DMB approximately 45 times more potent than morphine. Naloxone produced parallel shifts in the dose-effect curves for morphine, buprenorphine and DMB . Schild plots derived from the relative shifts in the dose-effect curves yielded regression lines with slopes which were not significantly different from -1, consistent with naloxone acting as a competitive antagonist of each of the three opioids. The apparent pA2 values for naloxone were 7.85 +/- 0.36 against morphine, 7.48 +/- 0.16 against buprenorphine and 7.17 +/- 0.27 against DMB . Because the 95% CLs overlapped for morphine and buprenorphine, but not for morphine and DMB , these results are consistent with the interpretation that naloxone is acting at the same receptor in antagonizing morphine and buprenorphine but naloxone may be acting in a more complex manner in antagonizing DMB . The effectiveness of naloxone in antagonizing equieffective doses of morphine (3.0 mg/kg), buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) and DMB (0.1 mg/kg) were also evaluated when naloxone was administered either 0 or 30 min after the agonist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1984

192. Determination of Fluorine in Vegetation by Proton Activation Analysis

Author

Jones, K. W., Gorodetzky, P. H., and Jacobsons, J. S.

Abstract

Techniques have been developed for proton activation analysis using the 19F(p,p'y)19F reaction to measure the fluorine content of pulverized samples of vegetation which have been exposed to fluorides in the atmosphere or soil. The method is non-destructive and neither the chemical form of fluorine in the sample nor the type of vegetation analyzed appears to affect results. Calibration is performed by analyzing samples to which known amounts of fluorine are added. The fluorine content of 11 vegetation samples was determined by proton activation analysis and by standard chemical techniques. The values obtained by the two methods were in generally good agreement. Fluorine concentrations greater than 1 ppm can be measured with uncertainties ranging from about 50% at 5 ppm to less than 10% at concentrations above 50 ppm.

Published
1976
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194. Identification of Diacetylmorphine Metabolites in Humans

Author

Yeh, S.Y., McQuinn, R.L., and Gorodetzky, C.W.

Abstract

With the techniques of column chromatography, TLC, and GLC, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, normorphine, morphine 3-glucuronide, 6-acetylmorphine 3-glucuronide, and normorphine glucuronide were identified as metabolites of diacetylmorphine (heroin) in the urine of humans administered 10mg iv/70kg body weight.

Published
1977
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195. Urinary excretion of heroin and its metabolites in man.

Author

Yeh, S Y, Gorodetzky, C W, and McQuinn, R L

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetics of urinary excretion of heroin and its metabolites in human subjects. Heroin and its metabolites were determined with gas-liquid chromatography. Two studies were conducted, each using 10 subjects. After i.v. administration of heroin HC1, 10 mg/70 kg, urine was collected every 8 hours and ad libitum for 1 week in the first study and every 2 hours in the first 8 hours and then at less frequent intervals for 24 hours in the second study. Heroin, 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, the sum of conjugates (morphine plus 6-acetylmorphine) and total normorphine were determined in the first 24-hour urine and accounted for 0.5, 1.5, 7.2, 52 and 4%, respectively, of the administered dose. Conjugated morphine could be detected in the urine 96 hours after drug administration. Eighty-eight percent of the free morphine and 84% of the total morphine found in the urine were excreted in the first 8 hours. The half-lives of urinary excretion of free morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, the sum of conjugates (morphine plus 6-acetylmorphine) and total normorphine were 1.28, 1.31, 2.76 and 2.72 hours, respectively. It was concluded that heroin in the body was rapidly metabolized and its metabolites were rapidly excreted in the urine.

Published
1976

198. One-nucleon stripping reactions to discrete levels induced by a 793 MeV16O beam on a208Pb target

Author

Mermaz, M. C., Berthier, B., Barrette, J., Gastebois, J., Gillibert, A., Lucas, R., Matuszek, J., Miczaika, A., Van Renterghem, E., Suomijärvi, T., Boucenna, A., Disdier, D., Gorodetzky, P., Kraus, L., Linck, I., Lott, B., Rauch, V., Rebmeister, R., Scheibling, F., Schulz, N., Sens, J. C., Grunberg, C., and Mittig, W.

Abstract

One-proton and one-neutron stripping reactions induced by a 793 MeV16O beam bombarding a208Pb target have been studied at the GANIL facility using a high resolution energy loss magnetic spectrometer. The reactions are governed by two semi classical selection rules which are naturally contained in the one-step EFR-DWBA formalism. Relative intensities of the populated states are well reproduced by this formalism which, on the other hand, fails to predict correctly absolute cross section values.

Published
1987
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199. Isolation and Identification of Morphine 3- and 6-Glucuronides, Morphine 3,6-Diglucuronide, Morphine 3-Ethereal Sulfate, Normorphine, and Normorphine 6-Glucuronide as Morphine Metabolites in Humans

Author

Yeh, S.Y., Gorodetzky, C.W., and Krebs, H.A.

Abstract

Morphine metabolites were isolated with column chromatography on a resin and neutral aluminum oxide and TLC from the urine of morphine-dependent subjects maintained on morphine sulfate at a dose of 240 mg/day. These metabolites were characterized as morphine 3-glucuronide, morphine 6-glucuronide, morphine 3,6-diglucuronide, morphine 3-ethereal sulfate, normorphine, normorphine 6-glucuronide, and, possibly, normorphine 3-glucuronide by free phenol and glucuronide tests, enzymatic hydrolysis, GLC, TLC, UV spectroscopy, and GLC-mass spectrometry.

Published
1977
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200. The pharmacokinetics of pentazocine and tripelennamine

Author

Yeh, Shu Yuan, Todd, G Dan, Johnson, Roily E, Gorodetzky, Charles W, and Lange, W Robert

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of single and combined doses of pentazocine HCl (40 and 80 mg) and tripelennamine HCl (50 and 100 mg) were studied in six healthy drug abusers. After intramuscular administration of 40 or 80 mg pentazocine alone, mean peak plasma concentrations at 15 minutes were 102 and 227 ng/ml, respectively, and mean plasma t½values were 4.6 and 5.3 hours, respectively. After intramuscular administration of 50 or 100 mg tripelennamine, mean plasma concentrations at 30 minutes were 105 and 194 ng/ml, respectively, and mean plasma t½values were 2.9 and 4.4 hours, respectively. After concurrent administration of pentazocine with tripelennamine, plasma pentazocine and tripelennamine concentrations at all time points were not significantly different from those when pentazocine or tripelennamine was administered alone. Coadministration of pentazocine and tripelennamine had no effect on the distribution, elimination, and clearance of either pentazocine or tripelennamine. In conclusion, there did not appear to be a clinically significant metabolic interaction between pentazocine and tripelennamine.

Published
1986
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