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Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., Ortuño, Vicente M., Gonçalves, Fernando, Oromí, Pedro (2010): A hypogean new species of Trechus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Portugal and considerations about the T. f u l v u s species group. Zootaxa 2689: 15-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199484

Key to the Iberian species of the ��� T. fulvus -group��� using aedeagus characters 1. Median lobe of aedeagus visibly turned towards left in dorsal view........................................................................... 2 - Median lobe of aedeagus not turned towards left in dorsal view................................................................................ 7 2. Inner sac very simple with a triangular, arrow-shaped lamina; second lamina (in lateral view) narrowed and the distal end slightly curved downward. .......................................................................................... T. martinezi -lineage ��� 3 - Inner sac equipped with two pieces, one lamina forming a cylinder open at the left followed by another smaller, rectangular-shaped lamina (Fig. 6 a)........................................................................................... T. gloriensis Jeanne, 1970 3. Apical lamina short. Internal sac with a very conspicuous close lamina (in lateral view) pouch-shaped with the apex curved downwards. Species from the southwest of the Baetic range (province of Malaga) (Fig. 6 b)........................... ................................................................................................................................................... T. breuili Jeannel, 1913 - Apical lamina hypertrophied. Inner sac with close lamina inconspicuous (in lateral view). Species from the east of the Baetic range (province of Alicante)....................................................................................................................... 4 4. Apical lamina longer than the pieces of the internal sac............................................................................................. 5 - Apical lamina shorter, roughly as long as the pieces of the internal sac..................................................................... 6 5. Apical lamina in lateral view, with truncated apex (slightly hooked) (Fig. 6 c)..................... T. beltrani Toribio, 1990 - Apical lamina in lateral view, progressively thinned and pointed at the end (sword-shaped) (Fig. 6 d)........................ .......................................................................................................................................... T. alicantinus Espa��ol, 1971 6. Apical lamina slightly twisted and wider at base than in the middle (Fig. 6 e) ..................... T. martinezi Jeannel, 1927 - Apical lamina strongly twisted and with the base only slightly wider than the middle (Fig. 6 f)................................................................................................................................................................ T. torressalai Ortu��o & Arillo, 2005 7. Apical lamina short and sharp (in dorsal view), raised and hook-shaped (in lateral view). Internal sac with poorly defined conical parts. Species native to the north of the Iberian Peninsula (Burgos and La Rioja) (Fig. 7 a)................................................................................................................................................................ T. arribasi Jeanne, 1988 - Apical lamina forming a subtriangular area (in dorsal view); the apex blunt finished in lateral view. Sac with two pieces, a triangular lamina and a long, narrow lamina (in lateral view)...................................................................... 8 8. Internal sac with a narrow lamina (in lateral view) conspicuous and strongly curved downwards. Species from North Africa (Morocco and Algeria) and from the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula (C��diz) (Fig. 7 b)............................ ........................................................................................................................................ T. lallemantii Fairmaire, 1859 - Internal sac with the lamina slightly spatulated, curved downwards ................................................... T. fulvus -lineage 9. Internal sac without a plate of dorsal scales. Species from the Estremenho karstic massif (Serra d���Aire/S��o Mamede Plateau) (Fig. 7 c).................................................................................................... T. lunai Reboleira & Serrano, 2009 - Internal sac with a plate of dorsal scales.................................................................................................................... 10 10. Median lobe (lateral view) strongly enlarged in the middle region; apical region of the median lobe (lateral view) with dorsal margin slightly downing towards apex. Species from the Estremenho karstic massif (Serra dos Candeeiros) (Fig. 7 d) .................................................................................................................. T. machadoi Jeannel, 1941 - Median lobe (lateral view) not enlarged in the middle region................................................................................... 11 11. Apical region of the median lobe, in lateral view, with dorsal margin abruptly downing before apex. Species from the Estremenho karstic massif (Santo Ant��nio Plateau) (Fig. 7 e). ...................... T. gamae Reboleira & Serrano, 2009 - Development of median lobe almost parallel............................................................................................................ 12 12. Internal sac with a thin close lamina large and twisted, in lateral view. Median lobe with dorsal margin slightly downing before apex. Species from the Montejunto karstic massif (Fig 7 f)........................................... T. tatai n. sp. - Internal sac with the close lamina shorter and spatula-shaped. Apical lamina longer (Fig. 7 g)....................................................................................................................................................................................... T. fulvus Dejean, 1831, Published as part of Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., Ortu��o, Vicente M., Gon��alves, Fernando & Orom��, Pedro, 2010, A hypogean new species of Trechus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Portugal and considerations about the T. f u l v u s species group, pp. 15-26 in Zootaxa 2689 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199484, {"references":["Jeanne, C. (1970) Carabiques nouveaux (3 e note). (Col Caraboidea). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 75, 240 - 247.","Jeannel, R. (1927) Monographie des Trechinae 2. Morphologie comparee et distribution geographique d'un groupe de Coleopteres. L'Abeille, 33, 1 - 592.","Ortuno, V. M. & Arillo, A. (2005) Description of a new hypogean species of the genus Trechus Clairville, 1806 from eastern Spain and comments on the Trechus martinezi - lineage (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Carabidae). Journal of Natural History, 39 (40), 3483 - 3500.","Reboleira, A. S. P. S., Goncalves, F. & Serrano, A. (2009) Two new species of cave dwelling Trechus Clairville, 1806 of the fulvus - group (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae) from Portugal. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 56 (1), 101 - 107.","Jeannel, R. (1941) Premieres explorations des grottes du Portugal par M. A. de B. Machado. Coleopteres. Anais da Faculdade de Ciencias do Porto, 26 (2), 5 - 15."]}

Litocampa mendesi new species Sendra & Reboleira Figs. 1–3 Type specimens. Holotype Ψ, 3.4 mm, Gruta de Ibne Ammar, Algarve, Portugal, 13.III. 2009, S. Reboleira leg., preserved in ethanol 70 %, deposited at MVHN. Paratypes: 8 ɗ, 9 Ψ, same data as holotype, preserved in 70 % ethanol, deposited as follows: 2 ɗ, 3 Ψ in MVHN; 2 ɗ, 2 Ψ in SR; 2 ɗ, d 2 Ψ in DZUL; 2 ɗ, 2 Ψ in MZG. Gold-palladium coated SEM-scanned specimens (2 ɗ, 2 Ψ) on same stub, same data as holotype, deposited in SR. Other specimens. Gruta de Ibne Ammar, Algarve, Portugal, 13.III. 2009, S. Reboleira leg., 36 specimens preserved in either 70 % or absolute ethanol, distributed to MVHN, SR, DZUL. Etymology: This species is dedicated to the Portuguese entomologist Luís F. Mendes, who has contributed greatly to the knowledge of subterranean Zygentoma. Description. Body length (excluding cerci) 1.92–4.20 mm. Antennae longer than half the length of the body, 0.52 to 0.87 × body length. Cercal length about half the body length (0.56–0.57 × for two intact cerci) (Table 1, Fig. 1). Cuticle completely unpigmented, without ornamentation. Clothing setae thin and glabrous. Holotype Paratypes n Mean Range Head-plus-thorax length (mm) 0.83 13 0.76 0.58–1.05 Body length (mm) 3.40 13 3.21 4.20 – 1.92 Antennal length (mm) 1.86 13 1.98 1.04–2.36 Antennomeres 27 13 26 26–29 Metathoracic leg length (mm) 0.86 13 0.96 0.61–1.25 Cercal length (mm) - 2 0.91 1.82 –2.00 Adult antennae with 26 to 29 doliiform articles; bacilliform sensillum of third article located between macrochaetae d and e (ventral position). Up to six sensilla in a 14–16 -Μm-long trough or “ gouge ” (Bareth & Condé 1981) in a distal verticil on each article. Cupuliform organ of apical article with narrow orifice, and with five sensilla with two collarettes each. Frontal process slightly protuberant with three macrochaetae near the tip, anterior chaeta slightly longer than two posterior chaetae (holotype: 11 / 10 / 10 Μm); anterior chaeta smooth, posterior chaetae each with thin distal barb. Three macrochaetae along each antennal insertion line, with 3–5 thin distal barbs, intermediate macrochaeta slightly longer than anterior and posterior macrochaetae (holotype: 20 / 25 / 21 Μm). Labial palps with 80–100 neuroglandular setae. Nota elongated, especially meso- and metanotum. Distribution of macrochaetae typically 3 + 3 (ma, la, lp) on pronotum and mesonotum, 2 + 2 (ma, lp) on metanotum. All macrochaetae long with barbs on distal two-thirds. Marginal setae poorly differentiated from clothing setae, only marginal setae nearest to latero-posterior macrochaetae longer, with 2–8 thin distal barbs. Metathoracic tarsi extending beyond abdominal segment V. Femur with a dorsal macrochaeta barbed on distal two-thirds and twice the length of the ventral tibial macrochaeta (holotype: 87 / 40 Μm). Ventral tibial macrochaeta with 3–4 distal barbs. Calcars with long barbs extending from their bases. Two rows of barbuled setae on ventral face of the tarsus, the three subapical setae smooth. Claws small, with fine transverse striae, clearly layered, small lateral crests slightly differentiated, telotarsal process glabrous and setiform (Fig. 2). All macrochaetae on urotergites relatively long and thin. Urotergites I and II without macrochaetae, urotergites III with 1 + 1 ma, urotergites IV with 1 + 1 ma, 1 + 1 or 0+0 la and 1 + 1 lp, urotergites V to VII with 1 + 1 ma, 1 + 1 la and 1 + 1 lp, urotergite VIII with 1 + 1 mp and 3 + 3 lp, and abdominal segment IX with 6 + 6 lp. Macrochaetae ma with fine barbs on distal half, reaching the bases of the marginal posterior setae on the anterior tergites and only exceeding at the posterior tergites. Macrochaeta la the shortest, about half the length of lp, both with barbs on distal two-thirds. Clothing setae on abdominal segments IX and X thicker and longer than on other segments. Urosternite I with 6 + 6 macrochaetae, urosternites II to VII with 4 + 4 macrochaetae, urosternite VIII with 1 + 1 macrochaetae. Urosternite macrochaetae shorter and with longer, thicker barbs than those of urotergites. Styli typical, apical seta of each stylus with two barbs at its base, subapical setae smooth, and sternal setae bifurcated, sometimes with additional small, fine barbs. Long macrochaetae of cerci distributed in 1 to 4 verticils on each article, with distal barbs; clothing setae scarce. In males, urosternite I without glandular g 1 -setae on posterior margin; appendages subcylindrical and clearly widened, with six glandular a 1 -setae in apical and latero-internal field of glandular a 2 - setae (Fig. 3 a). In females, appendages of urosternite I distinctly subcylindrical, with six apical glandular a 1 - setae (Fig. 3 b). Affinities. Litocampa mendesi n. sp. differs from all other Litocampa species in the following combination of characters: presence of a dorsal macrochaeta on the femur; presence of ma macrochaetae on urotergites I–VII; a couple of lp macrochaetae on urotergites I–VII. Condé (1991: 245) wrote in the description of Litocampa henryi from the Grottes de Blano (Saône-et-Loire, France) that it “exhibits a surprising mixture of taxonomic characters which upset the generic criteria used at present.” This statement applies to Litocampa mendesi as well. Litocampa drescoi Condé, 1949 shares with L. mendesi the minute size and the very small claws, but differs in other features such as the ma macrochaetae on urotergite VIII (mp in L. mendesi n. sp.), the presence of a field of glandular g 1 - setae on the posterior margin of the male urosternite I, and the higher number of antennomeres. Litocampa currently contains 31 known species, 13 of which are European (Bareth 1999, 2006; Paclt 1957; Sendra et al. 2003) and 18 occur on other continents (Allen 1994, 2003, 2006; Silvestri 1933 a, b; Wygodzinsky 1944 b). The distribution of the European species ranges from the Atlantic region of the Iberian Peninsula to beyond Central Europe. However, several Litocampa species have been recently collected in several Mediterranean localities, always in caves: Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain), Caroig Platform (Valencia, Spain) and Gador Mountain (Almería, Spain) and also on Madeira Island (Portugal) (A. Sendra, unpubl.). Litocampa mendesi n. sp. is the southernmost described Litocampa of Europe, more than 600 km from the known range of L. zaldivarae Sendra, Salgado & Monedero, 2003 in the Cantabrian Mountains. Ecology. All specimens of Litocampa mendesi n. sp. were obtained in Gruta de Ibne Ammar (UTM 2958577 E, 4114 44 N) located on the left bank of the Arade estuary at 10 metres asl. This species was not found in any other locality along more than 60 km, between the Ibne Ammar cave and the easternmost sampled cave, located in Moncarapacho. Humidity was 100 % throughout the year, and the temperatures of the cave were constant, with air temperature 20.8 ºC and soil temperature 18 ºC. Gruta de Ibne Ammar is also inhabited by other hypogean arthropods known from the Algarve and which present different degrees of adaptation to subterranean life (Machado 1946, 1951; Reboleira et al. in press; Vandel 1946;). These include detritivorous species such as the woodlouse Trogloarmadillium machadoi Vandel, 1946, some unidentified Collembola, a new coletiniine silverfish (Zygentoma) and the cholevine leiodid beetle Speonemadus angusticollis (Kraatz, 1870), as well as predators such as the centipede Lithobius dimorphus Machado, 1946, the recently described pseudoscorpion Titanobochica magna Zaragoza & Reboleira, 2010 (Reboleira et al. 2010) and the leptonetid spider Teloleptoneta syntetica (Machado, 1951). Litocampa mendesi n. sp. was collected only on the salty substratum at the bank of an anchialine lake, which may suggest halophilic preferences. However, Litocampa mendesi n. sp. may not be confined to this particular cave habitat. The morphological modifications of the body, especially the elongation of the thoracic segments (Fig. 1), are adaptations to hypogean life, but are not striking troglobiomorphies (sensu Christiansen 2005) as typically observed in Campodeidae that live exclusively in caves (the “ milieu souterrain profond ” or mesocavernous deep substratum, Juberthie et al. 1980 a). These troglobiomorphic character states of Campodeidae include increase in body size, elongation of the appendages, and multiplication of the sensilla in the cupuliform organ of the apical antennomere (Bareth & Pagés 1994). Seven of the 14 Litocampa species known from Europe (L. vandeli Condé, 1947, L. cognata Condé, 1948, L. humilis Condé, 1948, L. tuzetai Condé, 1948, L. henry Condé, 1991, L. hubarti Bareth, 1999, L. mendesi n. sp.) exhibit only slight troglobiomorphic adaptations and are thus more similar to epigean campodeids. They have reduced body size, slightly elongated appendages (antennae and cerci not longer than the body, metathoracic legs not reaching the tip of the abdomen), thirty antennomeres at the most, four or five simple sensilla in the cupuliform organ of the antennal apex, and reduced claw ridges. All these species, except Litocampa mendesi n. sp., are distributed over vast ranges, including several karstic areas. Litocampa humilis, for example, occurs across France (Bareth 2006) and central Europe. Some of these species have been found in hypogean environments: Litocampa vandeli and L. cognata in the “ milieu souterrain superficiel ” (sensu Juberthie et al. 1980 a) of the French Ariège (Bareth 1983), and L. humilis in artificial cavities (A. Sendra, unpubl.). In a large cave east of Cluj (Romania), a subspecies of Litocampa humilis: L. humilis comani Condé, 1991 occurs abundantly only in a room in the deep galleries (Oana Moldovan, pers. comm.). This subspecies is characterized by a cupuliform organ that carries 14 sensilla with fingerlike expansions—a clearly troglobiomorph character state which justified its description as a subspecies. Another case is the wide habitat in some species of Litocampa, as in L. tuzetae which has also been found in epigean habitats (Condé 1948). This vertical distribution of Litocampa spp. in different underground environments has been observed in other groups with cave species such as Coleoptera (Juberthie et al. 1980 b) and other arthropods (Gers 1998), as well as in other genera of Campodeidae such as Podocampa (Bareth 1983).

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derlein, 1929 y Acrostira euphorbiae García-Becerra & Oromí, 1992, especies pertenecientes a los dos géneros endémicos de Pamphagidae existentes en Canarias. En las especies estudiadas sólo las hembras son capaces de emitir canto. La grabación de emisiones sonoras en P. erna y A. euphorbiae ha permitido medir distintos parámetros en el dominio del tiempo y en el de las frecuencias, así como caracterizar el canto en cada una de ellas. En estas especies la temperatura ambiental no está correlacionada con el número de cantos emitidos, a diferencia de lo que ocurre con otros panfágidos. Además, entre las especies estudiadas se han encontrado diferencias estadísticas significativas en parámetros de los dominios de las frecuencias y del tiempo. A falta de analizar el resto de panfágidos canarios, las disparidades bioacústicas encontradas entre ambas especies indican diferencias entre ambos géneros, en consonancia con lo encontrado en estudios genéticos y morfológicos previos.

Baezia litoralis Alonso Zarazaga & García, 1999 Studied material. Tenerife. Bajamar, La Laguna (4-20 m a.s.l., 28 RBS 673587): 4 ɗ (paratypes), 9 -II- 1986, R. García leg.; 1 ɗ (holotype), 17 -II- 1986, R. García leg.; 1 ɗ and 2 Ψ (paratypes), 30 -XII- 1986, R. García leg.; 3 ɗ (paratypes), 2 -II- 1987, R. García leg.; 4 Ψ and 2 ɗ, 12 -II- 2006, H. López leg. Biology and ecology. All specimens known so far have been found under big stones partially dug in the soil, on the coastal cliffs of a single locality at the north of Tenerife. The environment is highly influenced by marine spray, with halophilous vegetation mainly dominated by Crithmum maritimum L., Astydamia latifolia (L. f.) Baill., Frankenia sp., Sonchus sp., Opuntia dillenii (Ker. Gawl.) Haw. and Tamarix canariensis Willd. The soil is a vertisol of montmorillonitic clay, very different to that in places of La Palma and El Hierro where Baezia species have ben found in lava tubes (Alonso-Zarazaga and García 1999). These clays become highly cracked in dry periods, being a peculiar microhabitat where small endogean insects are living, like Baezia litoralis and the ground beetle Parazuphium damascenum canariense Machado, 1992. During the heavy rains this soil becomes muddy and the cracks get flooded, compelling this fauna to migrate to the surface. This is the best opportunity to find Baezia litoralis as it probably leaves the flooded surroundings of the roots to shelter in stones with abundant alveoles free of water. No relations have been established between the collected specimens of Baezia litoralis and the roots of any particular plant, but very probable it is also a rhizophagous species.

Key to the species of Baezia 1. Tibiae and femora not clavate at middle (fig. 10); pronotum subsphaerical, as long as wide, not constricted at apex (fig. 11)............................................................................................................................ B. litoralis - Tibiae and femora clavate at middle, femora strongly narrowed at apical third (figs. 14 and 16); pronotum subquadrate or sphaerical, weakly to strongly constricted at apex............................................................. 2 2. Pronotum subsphaerical, slightly transverse with convex sides; weakly constricted at apex (fig. 12); setae of pronotum clavate ..................................................................................................................... B. vulcania - Pronotum subquadrate, with parallel straight sides, strongly constricted at apex; setae of pronotum not clavate......................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Pronotum as long as wide (fig. 13); ventral side of femora strongly clavate and very suddenly narrowed at apical third (fig. 14); integuments very dull; spiculum ventrale of females T-shaped ................. B. martini - Pronotum slightly transverse (fig. 15); ventral side of femora clavate but not suddenly narrowed (fig. 16); integuments brighter; spiculum ventrale of females V–shaped ................................................. B. bimbache

Borges, Paulo A. V., Oromí, Pedro, Serrano, Artur R. M., Amorim, Isabel R. (2007): Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 1478: 21-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176791

Baezia bimbache Garc��a and L��pez n. sp. Figures: 1���6 Studied material. Holotype male: (code no. HI-CU/ 2931 -CO) Cueva de La Curva (400 m a.s.l., UTM 28 R0206798- 3066660), El Pinar, Frontera, El Hierro, Canary Islands, eclosion from roots 15 - 2-2005, H. L��pez leg. Deposited in the entomological collection of the Department of Animal Biology (Zoology), University of La Laguna (DZUL). Paratypes: 9 ��, 5 �� and 3 indet. (HI-CU/ 2932 -CO to HI-CU/ 2948 -CO), same data as holotype; 4 ��, 5 �� and 1 indet. (HI-CU/ 2949 -CO, HI-CU/ 2951 -CO to HI-CU/ 2959 -CO), same locality as holotype, eclosion from roots 4 -X- 2005, H. L��pez & Orom�� leg.; 1 �� (HI-CU/ 2960 -CO), same locality as holotype, eclosion from roots 10 -VI- 2004, Orom�� & H. L��pez leg. 12 paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Department of Animal Biology (DZUL), 4 in the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Tenerife (MCNT), and 4 in H. L��pez, 4 in P. Orom��, 4 in R. Garc��a private collections. Description. General colour bright reddish-brown (fig. 6); the head, rostrum and pronotum covered with testaceous to yellowish erect setae, and the elytra with a short, fine vestiture on the whole surface. Total length (including rostrum) ranging from 2.7 to 3.2 mm in males (mean 2.9) and from 2.9 to 3.1 in females (mean 3.0); sine capite et rostro length (pronotum + elytra) from 2.0 to 2.4 mm in males (mean 2.2), and from 2.3 to 2.5 mm in females (mean 2.4). Rostrum obtuse, similar in both sexes, widest at the antennal insertion, 2.1 �� as long as the width at the antennal insertion, and 0.9 �� as long as pronotum. In lateral view the lower margin concave, and the upper one almost straight except near the apex where it is more declivous. Scrobes deep, their apical third visible from above; the apex smooth, shiny, with testaceous, erect setae. Rostrum slightly more depressed than forehead, with dorsal surface irregular with longitudinal sulci separated by fine keels; ventral surface smooth. Head microreticulated with fine, sparse punctuation. Eyes absent. Antennae. Scape straight, increasingly widened towards the apex, 5.7 �� as long as wide and 0.8 �� as long as funicule, covered with small erect setae. Pedicel conical, 2 x as long as wide, as long as the next three desmomeres together; 2 nd to 7 th desmomeres obconical, transverse, altogether as long as club; the latter oval, 1.7 �� as long as wide. Pronotum slightly transverse, sides almost straight, parallel, constricted behind apex, sometimes with a small concavity at middle, apex 0.9 �� as wide as base. Surface smooth and shiny, with traces of microreticulation around the punctures, these clearly marked; setae decumbent and spread, a little more erect towards the edges. Scutellum small, triangular. Elytra elongate, 1.7 �� as long as wide and 2.4 �� as long as pronotum, with the base wider than the base of pronotum; maximum width at middle, 0.6 �� as wide as the base. Surface chagrinated and shiny, interstriae smooth, striae very fine, weekly marked by aligned punctures coinciding with small, erect setae. Humeral calli absent. Metathoracic wings absent. Ventral surface with integument shiny, microreticulate, distinctly punctured, punctures separated from 0.6 �� to 1.0 �� their diameter, each including a fine, short seta. Procoxae close to each other. Mesocoxae separated by 0.8 �� their diameter. Posterior half of 2 nd and anterior half of 3 rd sternites slightly depressed in their median zone, very faintly more concave in males than in females; the remaining sternites slightly convex, a little but increasingly elevated towards the apex and suddenly cut down at the end, giving a stair-like appearance. 5 th sternite 2.4 �� as wide as long. Legs moderately elongate, with shiny surface, microreticulate with abundant semierect setae. Femora clavate at middle, strongly narrowed towards the apex; profemora and mesofemora 2.9 �� as long as wide; metafemora 3.6 �� as long as wide. Tibiae almost straight, widened at middle of the ventral side, provided at the apex by a spiny short comb; pro- and mesotibiae 5 �� as long as wide; metatibiae 5.5 �� as long as wide. Protarsi with tarsomeres 1 ��, 0.5 ��, 0.8 �� and 3.0 �� as long as wide respectively, the 3 rd clearly bilobed, bearing two free simple claws; soles with long sparse hyaline hairs. Male genitalia. Penis in dorsal view almost symmetrical, with straight, apically slightly diverging sides, apex slightly acute (fig. 1); in side view markedly curved, with apex acute, thin (fig. 2). Internal sac with abundant, dense teeth and spicules, appearing as a single group close to the ostium, and with two short semicylindrical pieces. Tegmen very similar to that of the species from La Palma (fig. 3). Female very similar to male, difficult to distinguish without extraction of genitalia. Small differences are: protibiae 5.5 �� and metatibiae 6 �� as long as wide, and the elytra 2.7 �� as long as the pronotum. Female genitalia. Ovipositor short, with styles very short, cylindrical and bearing four apical macrochaetae (fig. 4); ovipositor hemisternites with a longitudinal sulcus in latero-dorsal view. Spiculum ventrale (fig. 5) with the median unsclerotized area fine, and with a submarginal row of macrochaetae; manubrium very short, with two divergent apical apophyses giving an V-shape. Spermatheca sclerotized, similar to that of Oromia hephaestos. Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition for the aboriginal people inhabiting El Hierro before the colonization by Europeans. Though this word is erroneously used according to Corrales et al. (1992), it is very frequent in chronicles and books on the history of the Canaries. Comparative notes. According to its morphology, the new species is closer to Baezia martini (fig. 7). However, B. bimbache n. sp. differs by several characters: the pronotum is more transverse, the widening at the middle of the inner side of femora and tibiae is less marked and smoother, the general surface is more shiny and the vestiture less abundant, the elytra are proportionally shorter, the tibiae much longer than wide, the aedeagus has a more curved profile, and the female spiculum ventrale has a distinct V-shape. It differs from B. vulcania (fig. 8) by its squared pronotum clearly constricted behind apex, its shorter, decumbent, not claviform hairs, its shorter elytra and longer tibiae, its aedeagus more acute with straight sides and without apical prominence, and the V-shaped spiculum ventrale. B. litoralis (fig. 9) differs from the new species by the subsphaeric pronotum of the former, without apical constriction, the inner face of femora and tibiae not thickened, the aedeagus more rounded with more convex sides and less curved profile, and the spiculum ventrale almost T-shaped. Biology and ecology. All the specimens were obtained in the laboratory from dead roots gathered in the cave. Some immediately emerged as adults, and some did it later along 16 months (10 -VI- 2004 to 4 -X- 2005), which indicates that probably they were collected at the larval or pupal stages. The roots assembled in the cave were always dead. They were not identified at the species level, but most probably they belonged to Rumex lunaria L., since the other big bushes upon the surface were Euphorbia lamarckii Sweet, easy to recognize by their latex in stems and roots. The cave is a lava tube located at 600 m a.s.l., in a rather dry area on the southern slope of the island. The abundant volcanic cinder covering most of the terrain provides a good isolation to the underground, keeping the moisture much better than in other dry places. The cave has two superposed tubes, the upper passage of about 20 m and the lower one of 110 m long. According to Orom�� et al. (2001) temperature was similar in both passages (20.3 ��C and 20.4 ��C respectively in winter; 22 ��C and 22.2 ��C in the fall), as well as relative humidity (100 % and 100 % in the winter; 88.7 % and 96.7 % in the fall). However, the upper passage has more abundant dropping water and roots, and the fauna is richer than in the lower passage (see Hoch and Asche 1993; Orom�� et al. 2001). In this upper passage temporary tender roots and germinating seeds grow abundantly on the floor in the humid seasons, especially on the accumulations of cinder that enter through a fissure at the rear part of the cave. The permanent thicker roots are attached to the walls or hanging from the ceiling, being found all along the cave except in a part of the lower passage which is under a paved road. The tender roots hold an interesting fauna including the planthoppers Cixius ariadne Hoch and Asche, 1993 and Meenoplus charon Hoch and Asche, 1993, which are found exclusively in this cave. Other troglobitic insects like the thread-legged bug Collartida anophthalma Espa��ol and Ribes, 1983 and the cockroach Loboptera ombriosa Mart��n and Izquierdo, 1987 do not feed directly on tender roots, but are attracted to these rich spots. However, Baezia bimbache n. sp. was not found on the cave floor close to tender roots but in the older roots hanging from the ceiling and walls. Unlike Baezia vulcania and B. martini from caves in La Palma (Alonso-Zarazaga and Garc��a 2002; Garc��a 2003), the new species has never been collected in baited pitfall traps or seeving the soil, in spite of our repeated samplings in Cueva de la Curva using these techniques (Orom�� et al. 2001). Only in one occasion the abdomen and elytra of a dead specimen were found in a pitfall trap, probably falling in together with soil. The concentration of cave-adapted fauna in such a reduced space is remarkable, since almost all individuals were found in the rear part of the 20 m long upper passage. Still more interesting is the exclusivity of this fauna, four of the species being known only from this cave. Moreover, the two endemic planthoppers have vicariant species (Meenoplus cancavus Remane and Hoch, 1988 and Cixius nycticolus Hoch and Asche, 1993 respectively) occurring in Cueva de Don Justo and Cueva Roja, other lava tubes located a few kilometers away, but at lower altitude (see Hern��ndez et al. 1992; Hoch and Asche 1993; Orom�� et al. 2001). Sampling in dead roots of these caves would be interesting to check whether also Baezia bimbache n. sp. is there or maybe a vicariant, different species of this genus., Published as part of Garc��a, Rafael, L��pez, Heriberto & Orom��, Pedro, 2007, Additional data to the genus Baezia with description of a new species from a cave on El Hierro, Canary Islands (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae), pp. 47-55 in Zootaxa 1631 on pages 48-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179411, {"references":["Corrales, C., Corbella, D. & Alvarez, M. A. (1992) Tesoro Lexicografico del Espanol de Canarias. Real Academia Espanola y Gobierno de Canarias. Madrid, 972 pp.","Oromi, P., Zurita, N., Munoz, E., de La Cruz, S. & Arechavaleta, M. (2001) Conservacion de la fauna invertebrada cavernicola de las islas de Tenerife, La Palma y El Hierro. Unpublished report, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, 394 pp.","Hoch, H. & Asche, M. (1993) Evolution and speciation of cave-dwelling Fulgoroidea in the Canary Islands (Homoptera: Cixiidae and Meenoplidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 109, 53 - 101.","Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Garcia, R. (2002) Baezia vulcania sp. n.; an endogeous weevil from La Palma I. (Canary Is.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae). Zootaxa, 33, 1 - 6.","Garcia, R. (2003) Una nueva especie endogea de La Palma, islas Canarias: Baezia martini n. sp. (Col., Curculionidae). Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 14 (3 - 4), 247 - 252.","Hernandez, J. J., Medina, A. L. & Izquierdo, I. (1992) Volcanic caves in El Hierro island, Canary Islands, Spain. In: Thomas, G. (Ed.), 6 th International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology. Hilo, Hawaii (August 1991), pp. 185 - 196."]}

Trechus isabelae Borges & Serrano, new species (Figs. 1���3) Type material: Holotype, male, Azores, S��o Jorge, Algar do Morro Pelado (= Algar do Montoso), 5��� 11.VII. 2004. (P.A.V. Borges & F. Pereira leg.). Paratypes 1 female, same locality as holotype, 7���11.V. 2004 (P.A.V. Borges & F. Pereira leg.); 2 males and 1 female, same locality as holotype, 5���11.VII. 2004 (P.A.V. Borges & F. Pereira leg.); The Holotype and two paratypes (1 male, 1 female) are deposited at the University of the Azores, Terceira (���Arruda Furtado��� Collection); one paratype (female) is deposited at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, and the other one (male) at the University of La Laguna, Dep. of Animal Biology. Additional material: One male was collected in the same locality (7���11.V. 2004) for molecular analysis. Etymology. The species is named after Isabel Amorim who has discovered several new species of Trechus in the Azores. Diagnosis. Large species (4.8���5.38 mm) (Fig. 1), dark brown pigmentation, with some lighter parts; appendages less pigmented (light brown), tibiae and tarsomeres with the same colour patterns as the femora; pronotum as dark as elytra. Eyes slightly convex; 3 rd antennomere longer than 2 nd; pronotum rather cordiform and transverse, with lateral furrows larger than in T. terrabravensis; wingless. Description. Length of holotype: 5.18 mm. Length of female specimens: 4.80���5.38 mm. Large size, convex and ovate. Head almost 1.30 x as wide as long (females: 1.29���1.42), 0.78 x narrower than pronotum (females: 0.74���0.78); eyes well-developed (0.025 mm), moderately convex, diameter of eyes as long as temples; temples with microchaetae. Frons slightly convex, the frontal furrows deeply curved and rounded. Anterior margin of labrum very concave. Maxillary palpi long and slender. Chaetotaxy: two pairs of supraocular setae; four setae in clypeus (outer ones larger); six setae on labrum, the outer ones being the largest. Antennae 2.99 mm long (females: 2.74���2.99 mm), reaching only the first quarter of elytra; the 3 rd antennomere 1.32 x longer than 2 nd (females, 1.11 x��� 1.14 x); 1 st antennomere 2.0x longer than wide (females, 1.88 x ��� 2.0x), 2 nd antennomere 2.33 x longer than wide (females: 2.60 x ��� 2.67 x), 6 th��� 8 th antennomeres 2.5 x longer than wide (females: 2.67 x ��� 3.0x), 9 th��� 10 th antennomeres 2.31 x longer than wide (females: 2.14 x ��� 2.8 x), 11 th antennomere 2.92 x longer than wide (females: 2.86 x ��� 3.6 x). Pronotum convex, cordiform, highly transverse, 1.31 x as broad as long (females: 1.30 x��� 1.34 x); side margins curved till hind angle; anterior angles obtuse; hind angles obtuse, well marked and protruding; basal border emarginated; lateral furrows larger than in T. terrabravensis; basal fovea well marked. Chaetotaxy: the anterior seta is located in the second quarter and the posterior seta located in the hind angle. Elytra ovate with rounded shoulders, 1.64 x wider than pronotum (females: 1.50 x��� 1.70 x) and 1.42 x as long as broad (females: 1.29 x��� 1.50 x); apex rounded, lateral furrows canaliculated; striae all well marked and interstriae convex. Recurrent striae less curved than in T. terrabravensis, but well connected to the 5 th. Chaetotaxy: umbilical series typical of Trechus; preapical seta nearer the suture than to the apex; the first discal seta in the 3 rd stria is located in the anterior quarter and the second discal seta approximately in the center. Aedeagus with apex of median lobe bent down (lateral view) (Fig. 2 a); Left and right parameres with 4 setae each (Fig. 2 b). Ecological notes. The specimens were all sampled inside Algar do Morro Pelado, a volcanic pit of great dimensions (140 m deep) located at 1000 m a.s.l. (Fig. 3). The surrounding area consists of natural grassland and is under the European NATURA 2000 network protection. The cave was visited in May and July 2004 during two biospeleological expeditions organized by GESPEA and ���Os Montanheiros���. The pit has two large superimposed chambers. The lower and larger chamber has the darkest conditions (with 150 m x 70 m and about 50 m height) and is 140 m deep. The upper chamber is 30���40 m deep and has permanent access to sunlight with some darker parts. Due to logistics, only the upper chamber was sampled using 20 traps baited with fresh cow liver. All specimens were sampled alive in traps located deep inside the chamber, in very humid spots and protected from direct sunlight. The habitat is similar to that of Trechus jorgensis in the volcanic pit Algar das Bocas do Fogo (also in S��o Jorge, but at 385 m a.s.l.) and Trechus terceiranus in Algar do Carv��o (Terceira). Taxonomic notes. The new species, as well as T. montanheirorum, presents the median lobe of aedeagus (lateral view) with a similar form (cf. Fig. 2 a with Fig. 6 in Oromi & Borges 1991). However, particular features of the head and pronotum length and width, form and length of eyes and the location of the preapical setae of elytron, easily separate the two species (Table 1). Besides length of body and some features of the eyes, pronotum and apical angle of elytron, the form of median lobe in lateral view (mainly the apex bent down) separates also the new species from all the others occurring in Azores. The general morphological aspect of T. isabelae n. sp. resembles also the epigean Trechus terrabravensis (endemic to Terceira island), but is larger and easily distinguishable by the larger size of the 3 rd antennomere, which is longer than the 2 nd. Taking into account the comparison of aedeagus and all analysed characters, the new species seems to have a closer relationship with T. montanheirorum (see also Amorim 2005), a species that occurs in a different but adjacent island (Pico)., Published as part of Borges, Paulo A. V., Orom��, Pedro, Serrano, Artur R. M. & Amorim, Isabel R., 2007, Biodiversity patterns of cavernicolous ground-beetles and their conservation status in the Azores, with the description of a new species: Trechus isabelae n. sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae), pp. 21-31 in Zootaxa 1478 on pages 22-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176791

Key to the Azorean species of Trechus (modified from Borges et al. 2004) 1 Apical angle of elytra rounded..................................................................................................................... 2 - Apical angle of elytra pointed or sharp angled............................................................................................ 7 2 Larger species, length> 3.5 mm; lateral margins of pronotum markedly sinuated before the basis, degree of pigmentation variable.............................................................................................................................. 3 - Length 3.0– 3.2 mm; lateral margins of pronotum hardly sinuated before basis; clearly dark pigmented species............................................................................................................................ torretassoi Jeannel 3 3 rd antennomere subequal to 2 nd................................................................................................................. 4 - 3 rd antennomere longer than 2 nd.................................................................................................................. 5 4 Pronotum cordiform and highly transverse (index W/L = 1.35), with lateral furrow very narrow (epigean species) ...................................................................................... terrabravensis Borges, Serrano & Amorim - Pronotum less transverse (index W/L = 1.26); lateral furrow larger (beetles occurring in entrance of caves) ................................................................................................................. montanheirorum Oromí & Borges 5 Body depigmented with a convex and ovate aspect.................................................................................... 6 - Body pigmentation dark brown, with some lighter parts; appendages less pigmented (light brown); body more depressed ........................................................................................................... isabelae new species 6 Aedeagus with apex of lamella slightly blunt; known from Pico .................................... picoensis Machado - Aedeagus with apex of median lobe deeply curved upwards; known from Faial....................................................................................................................................................... oromii Borges, Serrano & Amorim 7 Apical angle of elytra sharp (sometimes notched), forming a small protruding point; total length 3.6–4.3 mm .............................................................................................................................. terceiranus Machado - Apical angle of elytra sharp (forming a right angle); total length 8 Slightly pigmented on elytra and pronotal disc; aedeagus in lateral view with apex of median lobe more or less straight and pointed; left paramere with 4 setae ........................... pereirai Borges, Serrano & Amorim - Depigmented; aedeagus in lateral view with apex of the median lobe sharpened and slightly curved upwards; left paramere with 5 setae.................................................................. jorgensis Oromí & Borges

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In this paper the data belonging to several monthly samples, carried out in the lowest parts of the Canarian Pine trunks (Pinus canariensis) in Inagua Forest (Gran Canaria) are shown. Throughout these samples it can be seen that the rise in population of the beetle (Brachyderes rugatus calvus takes palce in September. The Solifugae Eusimonia wunderlichi and the spiders Lathys canariensis, Alopecosa obscura and Xvsticus challengeri are quoted as well for the first time as species found in Gran Canaria. Finally, it is suggested here, that the taxa found could be a part of the potecial diet of the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos malor thanneri) in these forests., Queríamos agradecer al Dr. D. Aurelio Martín la lectura y crítica del manuscrito original; a Dña. Alicia Jesús su constante ayuda en el campo, así como a los Dres. D. N. P. Ashmole, D. M. Báez y D. L. F. Mendes, la colaboración prestada en la determinación de parte del material que se cita en el presente trabajo.