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152. Book reviews

Author

Doolin, Wm., O’Connor, M. H., Fleming, J. B., Murphy, E. L., O’Leary, D., Micks, R. H., Pringle, J. S., Nash, M., O’Farrell, P. T., Meenan, F. O. C., O’Farrell, D., Fleming, John B., Barnes, J., and Cantwell, D. F.

Published
1954
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154. Identification of Extracolonic Pathologies by Computed Tomographic Colonography in Colorectal Cancer Symptomatic Patients

Author

Halligan, Steve, primary, Wooldrage, Katherine, additional, Dadswell, Edward, additional, Shah, Urvi, additional, Kralj-Hans, Ines, additional, von Wagner, Christian, additional, Faiz, Omar, additional, Teare, Julian, additional, Edwards, Rob, additional, Kay, Clive, additional, Yao, Guiqing, additional, Lilford, Richard J., additional, Morton, Dion, additional, Wardle, Jane, additional, Atkin, Wendy, additional, Dadswell, E., additional, Kanani, R., additional, Wooldrage, K., additional, Rogers, P., additional, Shah, U., additional, Kralj-Hans, I., additional, Ghanouni, A., additional, Waddingham, J., additional, Pack, K., additional, Thomson, A., additional, Turner, L., additional, Monk, C., additional, Verjee, A., additional, Smith, S., additional, von Wagner, C., additional, Wardle, J., additional, Lilford, R.J., additional, Yao, G., additional, Zhu, S., additional, Burling, D., additional, Higginson, A., additional, Kay, C.L., additional, Maskell, G.F., additional, Taylor, A., additional, Hayward, S.J., additional, Cade, D., additional, Morton, D., additional, Dhingsa, R., additional, Jobling, J.C., additional, Jackson, S.A., additional, Blunt, D., additional, Neelala, M.K., additional, Sukumar, S.A., additional, Slater, A., additional, Ziprin, P., additional, Edwards, D., additional, Woolfall, P., additional, Muckian, J., additional, Bastable, D., additional, Gibbons, N., additional, Flashman, K., additional, Coni, L., additional, Martin, J., additional, Stephenson, S., additional, Jackson, C., additional, Beech, D., additional, Lynn, C., additional, Arumugam, H., additional, Wilkinson, S., additional, Scothern, J., additional, Pickles, L., additional, Hennedy, A., additional, Larkin, T., additional, Pearson, P., additional, Preston, S., additional, Smith, L., additional, Wright, L., additional, Blackstock, J., additional, Thomas, R., additional, Allen, S., additional, Young, L., additional, Adamson, V., additional, Butler-Barnes, J., additional, Larcombe, T., additional, Bradshaw, V., additional, Chapman, S., additional, Slater, M., additional, Stylan, J., additional, Wood, D., additional, Bradbury, J., additional, Breedon, J., additional, Coakes, M., additional, Crutch, L., additional, Leyland, A., additional, Pringle, W., additional, Rowe, L., additional, White, M., additional, Kumar, D., additional, Worley, A., additional, Gandy, M., additional, Whitehead, E., additional, Pascoe, J., additional, Avery, M., additional, Shivapatham, D., additional, Thomas, S., additional, Ong, C., additional, Poppinga-Scholz, B., additional, Stove, J., additional, Pearson, K., additional, Wood, J., additional, Cook, W., additional, Memory, Y., additional, Fellows, K., additional, Duffy, A., additional, Usansky, A., additional, Shanahan, B., additional, Naim, F., additional, Bohra, V., additional, Prabhudesai, S., additional, Lancelotte, N., additional, Hayes, M., additional, James, T., additional, Johnston, S., additional, Stevenson, J., additional, Whetter, D., additional, Bartram, C., additional, Gupta, A., additional, Marshall, M., additional, Taylor, S.A., additional, Atchley, J., additional, Lowe, A., additional, Wormald, A., additional, Bloor, C., additional, Tan, E., additional, McGregor, J., additional, Philips, A., additional, Noakes, M., additional, Zaman, S., additional, Guest, P., additional, McCafferty, I., additional, Riley, P., additional, Tattersall, D., additional, Fox, B.M., additional, Shirley, J., additional, Roddie, M., additional, Owen, A., additional, Hughes, N., additional, Northover, J.M.A., additional, Saunders, B., additional, Goggin, P., additional, O’Leary, D., additional, Ausobsky, J., additional, Beckett, C., additional, Davies, J., additional, Griffith, J., additional, Steward, M., additional, Arumugam, P.J., additional, Bronder, C., additional, Brown, C., additional, Crighton, I., additional, Higham, A., additional, Lea, R., additional, Meaden, C., additional, Morgan, W., additional, Patel, P., additional, Nasmyth, G., additional, Williamson, M., additional, Scholefield, J., additional, Hosie, K., additional, Bansi, D., additional, Buchanan, G., additional, Dawson, P., additional, Smith, G., additional, Theodorou, N.A., additional, Thillainayagam, A., additional, Conlong, P., additional, Rameh, B., additional, Rate, A., additional, Richards, D., additional, Hyde, G.M., additional, Jones, D.J., additional, O’Dwyer, S.T., additional, Cunningham, C., additional, Travis, S., additional, Burton, S., additional, Fabricius, P., additional, Gudgeon, M., additional, Jourdan, I., additional, Rutter, M., additional, Dixon, A., additional, Faulds-Wood, L., additional, Marteau, T., additional, Valori, R., additional, Altman, D.G., additional, Steele, R., additional, and Walker, A., additional

Published
2015
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156. Risk Factors for Lower Urinary Tract Injury at the Time of Prolapse and Incontinence Repair Surgeries: A Multi-Centered Study

Author

Pickett, S.D., primary, Maldonado, P.A., additional, Meriwether, K.V., additional, Kunkle, C.M., additional, Wyman, A.M., additional, Griffin, M.A., additional, Richter, L.A., additional, Raman, S., additional, Price, J.R., additional, Joyce, J.S., additional, Mueller, M., additional, O'Leary, D., additional, and Lowenstein, L., additional

Published
2015
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161. Working memory and DLPFC inefficiency in schizophrenia: The FBIRN study

Author

Diaz, M., Lauriello, J., Greve, D. N., Preda, A., Manoach, D. S., Glover, G. H., Brown, G. G., Potkin, S. G., Mathalon, D. H., McCarthy, G., Lim, K. O., Wible, C. G., O'Leary, D., Toga, A. W., Belger, A., Turner, J. A., van Erp, T. G. M., Gollub, R., and Ford, J. M.

Subjects
behavioral disciplines and activities
Abstract

Background: The Functional Imaging Biomedical Informatics Network is a consortium developing methods for multisite functional imaging studies. Both prefrontal hyper- or hypoactivity in chronic schizophrenia have been found in previous studies of working memory. Methods: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of working memory, 128 subjects with chronic schizophrenia and 128 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited from 10 universities around the United States. Subjects performed the Sternberg Item Recognition Paradigm1,2 with memory loads of 1, 3, or 5 items. A region of interest analysis examined the mean BOLD signal change in an atlas-based demarcation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in both groups, during both the encoding and retrieval phases of the experiment over the various memory loads. Results: Subjects with schizophrenia performed slightly but significantly worse than the healthy volunteers and showed a greater decrease in accuracy and increase in reaction time with increasing memory load. The mean BOLD signal in the DLPFC was significantly greater in the schizophrenic group than the healthy group, particularly in the intermediate load condition. A secondary analysis matched subjects for mean accuracy and found the same BOLD signal hyperresponse in schizophrenics. Conclusions: The increase in BOLD signal change from minimal to moderate memory loads was greater in the schizophrenic subjects than in controls. This effect remained when age, gender, run, hemisphere, and performance were considered, consistent with inefficient DLPFC function during working memory. These findings from a large multisite sample support the concept not of hyper- or hypofrontality in schizophrenia, but rather DLPFC inefficiency that may be manifested in either direction depending on task demands. This redirects the focus of research from direction of difference to neural mechanisms of inefficiency.

Published
2009
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162. Gene discovery through imaging genetics: Identification of two novel genes associated with schizophrenia

Author

Potkin S.G., Turner J.A., Fallon J.A., Lakatos A., Keator D.B., Guffanti G., Macciardi F., Lauriello J., Bastillo J., and O'Leary D.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Psychosis, Adolescent, Genotype, Imaging genetics, Prefrontal Cortex, Genome-wide association study, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genetic determinism, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxygen, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

We have discovered two genes, RSRC1 and ARHGAP18, associated with schizophrenia and in an independent study provided additional support for this association. We have both discovered and verified the association of two genes, RSRC1 and ARHGAP18, with schizophrenia. We combined a genome-wide screening strategy with neuroimaging measures as the quantitative phenotype and identified the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to these genes as consistently associated with the phenotypic variation. To control for the risk of false positives, the empirical P-value for association significance was calculated using permutation testing. The quantitative phenotype was Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) Contrast activation in the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex measured during a working memory task. The differential distribution of SNPs associated with these two genes in cases and controls was then corroborated in a larger, independent sample of patients with schizophrenia (n = 82) and healthy controls (n = 91), thus suggesting a putative etiological function for both genes in schizophrenia. Up until now these genes have not been linked to any neuropsychiatric illness, although both genes have a function in prenatal brain development. We introduce the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging activation as a quantitative phenotype in conjunction with genome-wide association as a gene discovery tool.

Published
2009
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163. ECONOMIC AND ENERGY COMPARISON OF CROP PRODUCTION ON ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL CORN BELT FARMS W. Lockeretz and R. Klepper are research associates, B. Commoner is director, and M. Gertler, S. Fast, and D. O'Leary are research assistants, Center for the Biology of Natural Systems, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. 63130. R. Blobaum is an agricultural consultant, Creston, Iowa 50801. This paper was prepared with the support of the Research Applied to National Needs Program, National Science Foundation, Grant No. AER74-18438. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

Author

Lockeretz, W., primary, Klepper, R., additional, Commoner, B., additional, Gertler, M., additional, Fast, S., additional, O'Leary, D., additional, and Blobaum, R., additional

Published
1977
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168. The effect of surgical site infection in immediate breast reconstruction on breast cancer recurrence.

Author

Albathali, Mohammad, Abdullah, Nassreen, O'Leary, D. Peter, Hegarty, Aisling, Mushtaque, Muhammad, Power, Colm, Hill, Arnold D. K., and Ajmal, Nadeem

Subjects
BREAST cancer prognosis, BREAST tumor diagnosis, SMOKING, BIOPSY, BREAST tumors, CANCER patients, CANCER relapse, MAMMAPLASTY, SURGICAL site infections, TREATMENT effectiveness, RETROSPECTIVE studies
Abstract

The article discusses the survival outcome of patients affected by surgical site infection after immediate breast reconstruction procedures. The research compares postoperative complication with recurrence rates, disease‐free survival, and overall-survival. It also discusses factors for postoperative wound complication including axillary node clearance procedure, smoking, and radiotherapy. It provides tables regarding patient's demographics, and wound complication.

Published
2019
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170. Genetic Analysis Reveals that Amyloid Precursor Protein and Death Receptor 6 Function in the Same Pathway to Control Axonal Pruning Independent of -Secretase

Author

Olsen, O., primary, Kallop, D. Y., additional, McLaughlin, T., additional, Huntwork-Rodriguez, S., additional, Wu, Z., additional, Duggan, C. D., additional, Simon, D. J., additional, Lu, Y., additional, Easley-Neal, C., additional, Takeda, K., additional, Hass, P. E., additional, Jaworski, A., additional, O'Leary, D. D. M., additional, Weimer, R. M., additional, and Tessier-Lavigne, M., additional

Published
2014
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171. Standardization in patient safety: the WHO High 5s project

Author

Leotsakos, A., primary, Zheng, H., additional, Croteau, R., additional, Loeb, J. M., additional, Sherman, H., additional, Hoffman, C., additional, Morganstein, L., additional, O'Leary, D., additional, Bruneau, C., additional, Lee, P., additional, Duguid, M., additional, Thomeczek, C., additional, Schrieck-De Loos, E. v. d., additional, and Munier, B., additional

Published
2014
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180. Identification of the optimal visual recording system in open abdominal surgery - a prospective observational study.

Author

O'Leary, D. P., Deering-McCarthy, E., McGrath, D., Walsh, D., and Coffey, J. C.

Subjects
*ABDOMINAL surgery, *LAPAROSCOPIC surgery, *VIDEO recording in medicine, *PROCTOLOGY, *TELEMEDICINE, *LAPAROSCOPY, *LONGITUDINAL method, *VIDEO recording
Abstract

Introduction: Current methodologies used to record and render the surgeon's point of view in open operative surgery remain limited. Chief among these limitations is a failure to demonstrate, in high definition and magnification, the planar roadmap that surgeons utilise in colorectal surgery. The high magnification and high resolution views provided during laparoscopic surgery simultaneously capture the planar road map and surgeon's point of view. We developed an arm-mounted external laparoscope (exoscope) system and compared its performance against multiple standard recording modalities.Methods: Following ethical approval and informed consent, open colorectal procedures were recorded using five separate methodologies. Each methodology was assessed and compared.Results: Most of the methodologies utilised scored poorly at one if not more levels. The arm-mounted external laparoscope (exoscope) scored highest in rendering the surgeon's point of view while simultaneously achieving high resolution and high magnification rendition of operative field (p < .001). This methodology was tested in a number of operative contexts within which it reproducibly and consistently scored highly.Conclusions: The arm-mounted exoscope is the optimal means of rendering the surgeon's point of view of anatomic planes during open colorectal surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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181. A case-control study of risk factors for death from 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1): is American Indian racial status an independent risk factor?

Author

HENNESSY, T. W., BRUDEN, D., CASTRODALE, L., KOMATSU, K., ERHART, L. M., THOMPSON, D., BRADLEY, K., O'LEARY, D. R., McLAUGHLIN, J., LANDEN, M., and Investigative Team

Abstract

Historically, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations have suffered excess morbidity and mortality from influenza. We investigated the risk factors for death from 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in persons residing in five states with substantial AI/AN populations. We conducted a case-control investigation using pandemic influenza fatalities from 2009 in Alaska, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Wyoming. Controls were outpatients with influenza. We reviewed medical records and interviewed case proxies and controls. We used multiple imputation to predict missing data and multivariable conditional logistic regression to determine risk factors. We included 145 fatal cases and 236 controls; 22% of cases were AI/AN. Risk factors (P < 0·05) included: older age [adjusted matched odds ratio (mOR) 3·2, for >45 years vs. <18 years], pre-existing medical conditions (mOR 7·1), smoking (mOR 3·0), delayed receipt of antivirals (mOR 6·5), and barriers to healthcare access (mOR 5·3). AI/AN race was not significantly associated with death. The increased influenza mortality in AI/AN individuals was due to factors other than racial status. Prevention of influenza deaths should focus on modifiable factors (smoking, early antiviral use, access to care) and identifying high-risk persons for immunization and prompt medical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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182. Does hospital mortality rate reflect quality of care on a surgical unit?

Author

O'Leary, D. P., Hardwick, R. H., Cosford, E., and Knox, A. J.

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Hospitals, District, Hospitals, General, England, Elective Surgical Procedures, Cause of Death, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Emergencies, Surgery Department, Hospital, Research Article, Aged, Quality of Health Care
Abstract

All deaths occurring in 1 year in the surgical unit of a district general hospital were analysed to determine to what extent crude mortality rates reflect the quality of care. There were 166 deaths, 70% of patients were aged 75 years and older, and 87.3% were emergency admissions. Almost one-half (46.4%) of the deaths were inevitable. This high proportion of inevitable deaths means that crude hospital mortality rates are a poor indicator of the quality of surgical care. Factors such as the nature of the catchment area served, the proportion of emergency versus elective admissions, the numbers of complex operations performed and the availability of convalescent or hospice facilities are a greater influence on surgical mortality rates than variations in the standard of surgical care. The use of crude hospital mortality rates to compare the quality of care given by surgical units should be discontinued as it is unreliable and misleading.

Published
1997

186. Prospective Study of Particulate Air Pollution Exposures, Subclinical Atherosclerosis, and Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution (MESA Air)

Author

Kaufman, J. D., primary, Adar, S. D., additional, Allen, R. W., additional, Barr, R. G., additional, Budoff, M. J., additional, Burke, G. L., additional, Casillas, A. M., additional, Cohen, M. A., additional, Curl, C. L., additional, Daviglus, M. L., additional, Roux, A. V. D., additional, Jacobs, D. R., additional, Kronmal, R. A., additional, Larson, T. V., additional, Liu, S. L.-J., additional, Lumley, T., additional, Navas-Acien, A., additional, O'Leary, D. H., additional, Rotter, J. I., additional, Sampson, P. D., additional, Sheppard, L., additional, Siscovick, D. S., additional, Stein, J. H., additional, Szpiro, A. A., additional, and Tracy, R. P., additional

Published
2012
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188. Orbital Flight Preparations of Get Away Special Payload G-572: Design and Testing of Electrical Systems

Author

O'Leary, D. Sean

Abstract

Orbital measurements of the cardiac function of Space Shuttle crew members have shown an initial increase in cardiac stroke volume upon entry into weightlessness followed by a gradual reduction in stroke volume. In an effort to explain this response, it was postulated that gravity plays a role in cardiac filling. A mock circulation system was designed to investigate this effect. Preliminary studies carried out on the NASA KC-135 aircraft, which provides brief periods of weightlessness, showed a strong correlation between cardiac filling, stroke volume, and the presence or absence of gravity. The need for extended periods of high quality zero gravity was identified to verify this observation. To accomplish this, the aircraft version of the experiment was reduced in size and fully automated for eventual integration into a Get-Away-Special canister for the orbital version of the experiment. Three nonlinearities, that govern the ability of the apparatus to regulate to a mean cardiac outflow pressure of 95 mm Hg, were identified and minimized. In preparation for an anticipated 1997 shuttle flight, the automated system was again flown aboard the KC-135. The control algorithm was successful in carrying out the experimental protocol, including regulation of mean outflow pressure.

Published
1996

189. Computing the Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of Arrowhead Matrices

Author

O'leary, D. P. and Stewart, G. W.

Abstract

This paper treats the eigenvalue problem for a symmetric matrix which is zero except for its main diagonal and one row and column. Such problems arise in the description of radiationless transitions in isolated molecules and of oscillators vibrationally coupled with a Fermi liquid. In these applications the order n of the matrix A can be in the thousands. The purpose of this paper is to present formulas and efficient algorithms for computing eigenvalues and eigenvectors of such matrices.

Published
1996

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