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In present study, a new composition of glass-ceramic was synthesized based on the Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 glass system. Heat treatment of glass powder was carried out in 2 stages: 600 °C as the nucleation temperature and different temperature on crystallization at 850, 950 and 1000 °C. The glass-ceramic heat-treated at 950 °C was selected as bioactive filler in commercial PMMA bone cement; (PALACOS® LV) due to its ability to form 2 high crystallization phases in comparison with 850 and 1000 °C. The results of this newly glass-ceramic filled PMMA bone cement at 0-16 wt% of filler loading were compared with those of hydroxyapatite (HA). The effect of different filler loading on the setting properties was evaluated. The peak temperature during the polymerization of bone cement decreased when the liquid to powder (L/P) ratio was reduced. The setting time, however, did not show any trend when filler loading was increased. In contrast, dough time was observed to decrease with increased filler loading. Apatite morphology was observed on the surface of the glass-ceramic and selected cement after bioactivity test.

Introduction. Problem Based Learning is new learning method that can be positive or negative effected students to accept this method. STIKES Rajawali used this education system for nursing collages. The purpose of this study was to know relationship between stress level and exam result at gastrointestinal lesson with PBL in School of Nursing. Methods. This study used Cross sectional design. The numbers of sample of this study were 77 collages. Collecting data used Student Stress and Coping Intervention (SSCI) questioner. Also use check list question to measure learning outcome at Gatrointestinal lesson with Problem Based Learning’s system education. Univariable analyze used frequent distribution and bivarible for identified relation between variables used annova test. Result. Annova test’s result showed that there was significant difference between learning outcome and stress level with p point = 0,001 at midle stress’ level. Discussion. It is can become reference in PBL method with competence based curricula. Good stress management could improve learning outcome at problem based learning system education. Keywords: learning outcome, stress, problem based learning, nursing

Robust plate based antibody glycan analysis platforms are urgently needed for biopharmaceutical development and manufacturing as well as for clinical biomarker research. A 96-well plate based workflow has been developed to analyze both intact IgG antibodies and released N-glycans using an Orbitrap Fusion Mass Spectrometer and an LC/MS method on the Waters UNIFI platform. Here, such a workflow including protein A purification, PNGaseF digestion, 2-AB labeling, and SPE clean-up is described. The measured IgG glycan profile is consistent with that obtained from non-plate based method and commercial kit and has the advantage of less hands-on time. Also the application of the workflow in cell culture monitoring and clonal selection work is demonstrated. Apart from checking the major glycan structure changes among clones, post translational modifications (PTMs) such as C-terminal lysine residue clipping and N-terminal pyroglutamic acid formation can also be deduced from the workflow.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of immediate implant placement for alveolar bone augmentation and preservation with bovine bone graft following atraumatic tooth extraction. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective interventional study with convenient sampling (n = 10). Thirty patients aged between 18 and 40 years, who needed noncomplicated tooth extraction of mandibular premolar tooth, were sequentially divided equally into three groups. In Group I, simple extraction was done and the empty extraction socket left to heal conventionally. In Group II, extraction sockets were filled with lyophilized bovine granules only. In Group III, immediate implants were placed into extraction sockets, and the buccal gap was also filled with bovine granules. All groups were subjected to cone beam computed tomography scan for radiological evaluation. Assessment of biomechanical stability (radiofrequency analysis [RFA] was performed at 9 months postoperative for Group III to assess the degree of secondary stability of the implants using Osstell. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied when comparing within each group at three different time intervals, whereas one‑way ANOVA was applied followed by post hoc‑tukey test when comparing between groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Radiological assessment reveals a significant difference of bone resorption in alveolar dimension within Group I; 1.49 mm (P = 0.002), and 0.82 mm (P = 0.005), respectively, between day 0 and 3 months. Comparison between Group I and III showed a highly significant difference of bone resorption in ridge width at 3 months 2.56 mm (P = 0.001) and at 9 months interval 3.2 mm (P < 0.001). High RFA values demonstrating an excellent biomechanical stability were observed in Group III at 9 months postoperatively. Conclusion: The insertion of immediate implants in extraction sockets with bovine bone augmentation of the buccal gap was able to preserve a greater amount of alveolar ridge volume. Key Words: Cone beam computed tomography, Immediate Dental Implant Loading, ridge, preservation

The primary objective of the study is to determine whether there is a positive relationship between directors’ fees with the size of the firm and performance, based on the annual report of 246 listed firms. The results indicate a weak positive relationship between directors’ remuneration, corporate size (total assets) and corporate performance (operating cash flow on asset). The weak positive relationship between director fees and performance indicates that other factors, such as the director’s yearly performance, may also account for the determination of the director’s remuneration. The findings support the notion of agency theory and corporate governance that remunerating the top management should be based on individual and corporate performance. In contrast, other performance variables such as return on assets (ROA) and earning per share (EPS) measured indicates no statistical association.

Information age in the 21st century is witnessing the dramatic increase in computer‐related jobs. Many employers are now recruiting candidates who have knowledge and experience in information technology or those who are computer literate. Therefore, potential candidates should m aster at least some level of computer literacy. Thus, the m ain objective of this study is to analyse the level of computer literacy among graduating Bachelor of Accountancy students in Malaysian public higher institutions. Based on the findings, computer literacy can be group into basic, advanced, self‐efficacy and technical level. Evidence shows that, graduating accountancy students are computer literate at the basic, advanced and self‐efficacy level. Significant difference is also found in the students’ perceptions on Accounting Information System (AIS) suggesting that the educators should give due attention to AIS courses, particularly in enhancing students’ computer literacy level. There are also evidence that the level of basic and advanced computer literacy of male students are significantly higher than female students; those who woned computers are significantly more computer literate in terms of basic and advanced computer literacy than those who did not own computers; and finally, previous computer experience is not generally related to computer achievement, except for self‐efficacy computer literacy level.

A total of 753 serum samples from 6 institutions in 3 countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and India) were used to evaluate an immunochromatographic rapid dipstick test, Brugia Rapid, for diagnosis of Brugia malayi infection. The samples comprised sera from 207 microfilaria-positive individuals and 546 individuals from filaria non-endemic areas. The latter consisted of 70 individuals with soil-transmitted helminth infections, 68 with other helminth infections, 238 with protozoan infections, 12 with bacterial and viral infections and 158 healthy individuals. The dipstick is prepared with a goat anti-mouse antibody control line and a B. malayi recombinant-antigen test line. First, the dipstick is dipped into a well containing diluted patient serum, thus allowing specific anti-filarial antibody in the serum to react with the recombinant antigen. Then the dipstick is placed into an adjacent well containing reconstituted anti-human IgG4-gold. After 10 min, development of 2 red-purplish lines denotes a positive result and one line indicates a negative reaction. The overall results of the evaluation showed 97% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 97% positive predictive value and 99% negative predictive value. Brugia Rapid is thus a promising diagnostic tool for detection of B. malayi infection, and would be especially useful for the brugian filariasis elimination programme.

Cutaneous larva migrans is a common parasitic skin disease that can be easily prevented by wearing 'protective' footwear. However, this has been under-emphasized in terms of what constitutes the protective footwear. Even though the disease resolves spontaneously, the significant duration of the disease along with severity of pruritus make treatment unavoidable. Here, we present a very long-standing creeping eruption, which puzzled many attending clinicians handling the case, and the possibility of long socks as a causal effect on the development of cutaneous larva migrans infection.

This corpus-based study examined the usage, mastery and developmental pattern (Norwati, 2004) of English prepositions of place, in and on across three different academic levels namely Form 4, Form 5 and College students. The Malaysian Corpus of Students Argumentative Writing (MCSAW) was used as the source of data in analyzing the use of prepositions of place, in and on in the students’ argumentative essays. In achieving this, the concordance output was utilized to determine the frequency and types of errors made by students. This paper also presents other common errors in relation to the usage of these two prepositions. The findings showed that in terms of mastery levels and developmental pattern, there was no steady progress from Form 4 to Form 5. Yet, the College students managed to show a positive development in the use of prepositions of place, in and on. The findings also revealed that students are confused between in and on as well as using them with or without articles correctly. The findings of this study can benefit English teachers in teaching prepositions of place and the use of MCSAW can be fully utilized by teachers for further future researches.

Dyslexic children are having abnormal difficulties in reading, spelling and writing. The awareness on these problems leads researcher to conduct a case study in the psycholinguistic field about the multi-senses explication activities in the words mastery among the dyslexic children in Sekolah Kebangsaan Padang Temu Melaka. Starting from the Information Processing Theory by Robert M. Gagne (1975) as the theoretical framework, this research aims to produce a module on the multi-senses explication activities for the dyslexic children in Malaysia. The subjects are five dyslexic children from Sekolah Kebangsaan Padang Temu Melaka. They are in the middle of following through the Dyslexia Specific Learning Problem Integration Programme in that particular school. Data were gathered from Test 1 and Test 2, questionnaire, interview sessions and observations conducted. The findings showed that the multi-senses explication activities could provide the language learning mode, especially on the mastery of the suitable words based on the dyslexic children’s mind. Besides that, researcher also emphasized on the language game element in the students’ learning of the Malay language. The interview sessions and the observations showed the improvised language learning game managed to pull the attention of the students and trigger the fun feelings of the dyslexic children in learning the Malay language which they felt difficult to master previously.

Intermaxillary (IMF) screws feature several advantages over other devices used for intermaxillary fixation, but using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to determine the safe and danger zones to place these devices for all patients can be expensive. This study aimed to determine the optimal interradicular and buccopalatal/buccolingual spaces for IMF screw placement in the maxilla and mandible. The CBCT volumetric data of 193 patients was used to generate transaxial slices between the second molar on the right to the second molar on the left in both arches. The mean interradicular and buccopalatal/buccolingual distances and standard deviation values were obtained at heights of 2, 5, 8 and 11 mm from the alveolar bone crest. An IMF screw with a diameter of 1.0 mm and length of 7 mm can be placed distal to the canines (2 - 11 mm from the alveolar crest) and less than 8 mm between the molars in the maxilla. In the mandible, the safest position is distal to the first premolar (more than 5 mm) and distal to the second premolar (more than 2 mm). There was a significant difference (p

The cat fur mite, Lynxacarus radovskyi Tenorio, 1974 (Acarina: Astigmata: Listrophoridae) is reported from cats, Felis catus from three sites in peninsular Malaysia. The first site is a Malay village, Kampong Menteri in Taiping, Perak, where the mites were found on local pet cats. The other two sites are urban cities of Kuala Lumpur, in the Federal Territory and Georgetown, in the island of Penang. Mites from the urban areas were collected from stray cats. Although several ectoparasites (fleas, mites, ticks and lice) have been previously reported, L. radovskyi is recorded herein for the first time on cats from peninsular Malaysia.

A new bioactive glass-ceramic based on the Na2OCaOSiO2P2O5 glass system was used as bioactive filler in commercial polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement; (PALACOS® LV). The results of this newly fabricated glass-ceramic were compared with those of hydroxyapatite (HA) filler. PMMA bone cement containing 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16 wt % glass-ceramic and HA were prepared. The effects of bioactive fillers and different filler loadings on mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. Results show that flexural strength decreased, while flexural modulus increased as filler loading was amplified. Fracture toughness was also observed. Results of thermogravimetric analysis indicate that the thermal stability of the cement composites increased with increasing glass-ceramic and HA contents. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the addition of glass-ceramic fillers resulted in an increase in storage modulus and Tg. Apatite morphology was observed on the surface of the glass-ceramic, GCBC4, and GCBC8 after a bioactivity test. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

Demodicosis is an infestation of the skin with Demodex, an ectoparasite commonly found on the face. A cross-sectional study was conducted to detect the presence of the ectoparasite and the outcome of facial cleanser and moisturizer usage on its infestation. Universal sampling was performed among 390 medical students, age 20-25 years old in the Klang Valley of Malaysia. The biodata of the participants and information on the use of facial cleanser and moisturizer were obtained through questionnaire. Skin samples were obtained using both skin scraping and cellophane tape method and were subsequently examined directly by microscopy. The results show an overall prevalence of 17.2%. Males (21.5%) were affected more often than females (12.8%) (p = 0.022). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of the ectoparasite among different ethnic groups, age-groups and the presence of existing facial problems among the subjects. A lower infestation rate (11.45%) was found to be associated with the use of a moisturizer (p = 0.033). Both species of ectoparasites that infest man, Demodexfolliculorum and D. brevis, were detected in this study either as single or mixed infestations.

In a prospective, observational study, 380 women attending a family planning (LPPKN) clinic and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) clinic in Kuala Lumpur between January 2008 and November 2008 were enrolled. Patient information was obtained from the medical records and patients voluntarily completed questionnaires. Three vaginal swabs from the posterior fornix were taken from each patient examined. Different staining methods and cultivation in Diamonds medium were performed on the collected samples. Study subjects recruited in this survey were mostly young, with a geometric mean ages of 37.31 years (LPPKN clinic) and 32.06 years (STD clinic). Malay, Chinese, Indians and others ethnic groups accounted for 91, 4, 2 and 3%, respectively, at the LPPKN clinic. At the STD clinic, almost all subjects were Chinese. The prevalence rate of trichomoniasis was 0.36% at the LPPKN clinic and 0.0% at the STD clinic. Our findings suggested no association between contraceptive methods used and trichomoniasis infection at the LPPKN clinic. At the STD clinic, it was found a high risk for STD acquisition was not associated with trichomoniasis positivity. The data demonstrated the prevalence of trichomoniasis was very low at LPPKN clinic and absent at STD clinic. The high prevalence rates of other STD among sex workers found in this survey suggest the need for more active interventions focused on this group.

Purpose A normally restored orbital structure after reconstructive surgery would accelerate the return of orbital function. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of 2 orbital implants: autogenous grafts and porous polyethylene (Medpor). Materials and Methods A longitudinal study was conducted of all patients who had undergone orbital floor reconstruction using an autogenous graft or Medpor. The study participants were divided into 2 groups, and the postoperative outcomes were assessed clinically. Results Of the 26 patients, 14 (53.0%) had undergone surgery with an autogenous graft and 12 (46.2%) with Medpor. Postoperatively, no diplopia in the primary gaze was noted in any patient. However, down gaze and peripheral diplopia was found in 11.5% and 26.9% in the autogenous group and in 3.8% and 26.9% in the Medpor group, respectively ( P = 1.24). Enophthalmos was present in 11.4% of the autogenous graft group and 15.3% of the Medpor group ( P = .465). The Hess chart findings were abnormal in 11.4% of both groups ( P = .062). Restriction of movement was observed in 1 patient (3.8%) from the autogenous group and 7.7% of the Medpor group ( P = .574). Conclusions Orbital floor reconstruction using an autogenous graft or Medpor showed comparable results.

Background Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in different populations may vary according to different environments, social customs and habits. This study was designed to measure the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among patients with different malignancies and to ascertain the association between common risk factors and disease transmission. Methods This Cross-sectional study was from January to April of 2009. Four Oncology wards in Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) were selected as the site for undertaking the present study. The survey involved 129 patients with different malignancies. Information was gathered by using study subject information sheet and a standardized structured questionnaire. Toxoplasma was screened by a standerd ELISA commercial kit in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and performed at the Department of Microbiology, HUKM Kuala Lumpur. A result of > 51 IU/ml of anti-Toxoplasma (IgG) antibody was regarded as positive, indicating latent or pre-existing Toxoplasma infection. A result of > 51 IU/ml of anti-Toxoplasma (IgM) antibody was regarded as positive, indicating recently acquired Toxoplasma infection. Results Total number of seropositive patients was 54 (67.6%), the mean age was 51 years (range15 - 88 years). Toxoplasma IgG positivity was highest among Malaysian (32%). Male to female ratio was almost equal. There was a statistically significant difference in seropositivity between patients living in rural areas compared to those living in urban areas, positive history of consumption of undercooked meat and/or blood transfusion (p < 0.05). Conclusions These findings give some support to Toxoplasma screening program and health education, including promotion of a healthy lifestyle exclusively in seronegative patients in order to prevent seroconversion and the incidence of clinically evident opportunistic infection. Keywords Toxoplasma gondii; Risk factors; Immunocompromised; seroconversion; Seroprevalence