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Background :Breastfeeding is the best care for babies in early life. Lack of self- confidence of mothers is one of the causes of breastfeeding failure. Breastfeeding self-efficacy can be used to see or identify mothers who are at hight risk for stopping the breastfeeding process prematurely. Interventions that can improve breastfeeding self-efficacy care providing support and counseling during antenatal, perinatal and postnatal management. To achieve successful breastfeeding, WHO has set a special time for contact with lactation counselor orlactation clinic known as Breastfeeding contact.Objectives :This study aims to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding contact and breastfeeding self- efficacy in Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar City.Methods :The study was designed with an observational analytic approach with a crosssectional approach, in Februari-April 2022. The data were collected from breastfeeding mothers who bring their babies control for the first time and or 7 days old. The sampel was obtained by total sampling method, data analysis using bivariate and statistical testing using Chi-square test.Results :The results showed that of 38 respondents, were 73.68% had good breastfeeding contact and 57.89% had a good of breastfeesing self-efficacy.The results of cross tabulation, respondents who had good breastfeeding contacts and had a good breastfeesing self-efficacy were 55.26%. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between breastfeeding contact and breastfeeding self- efficacy in Wangaya Hospital Denpasar City with ρ-value is 0.001.Conclusions : Having regular breastfeeding contact can increase the breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Background: A mental illness known as postpartum depression can develop following the delivery of a child. It is a primary focus in midwifery care since postpartum depression still occurs at a high rate in Indonesia, between 11% and 30%. The lack of social support from the mother's closest friends and family, the mother's continued discomfort after giving birth, the pain in her perineal wound, and her psychological unpreparedness for parenthood, according to several studies, are support factors that contribute to postpartum depression. The health of the mother, the baby, and the family are all negatively impacted by postpartum depression. Postpartum mothers who have postpartum depression will have a reduced capacity to care for children, less interest in their infants, and will not react well or favorably to infants. Mothers will also become sluggish.Objective: To determine the effect of massage therapy on the level of depression in postpartum women.Methods: This research is a Quasy Experiment with Pre-Posttest Design With nonequivalent Control Group with 58 postpartum mothers as respondents. Respondents were divided into the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group will be given massage therapy once a week for 4 weeks, while the control group will be given postnatal general care. Both groups were measured for post partum depression by pretest-posttest using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a computer program. Results : The results of the statistical test showed that there was a significant difference in the decrease in the EPDS score in the two groups (p-value 0.000).Conclusions: This study shows that massage therapy is effective in reducing depression in postpartum women at the Mengwi I Health Center, Badung Regency.

Abstract Background Dementia has become a global public health problem, and general practitioners (GPs) play a key role in diagnosing and managing dementia. However, in Chinese primary care settings, dementia is underdiagnosed and inefficiently managed, and dementia screening and management services provided by GPs are suboptimal. The reasons underlying this gap are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the barriers that hinder GPs from actively promoting dementia screening and management, and thereby provide insights for the successful promotion of dementia screening and management services in primary care. Methods Purposive sampling was used. And focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted face-to-face among GPs from community health service centers (CHSCs) in South China. Thematic analysis was used to identify barriers to screening and managing dementia and map them to the Capability/Opportunity/Motivation-Behavior model (COM-B model). Results Fifty-two GPs were included. The COM-B model found nine barriers to implementing dementia screening and management services in primary healthcare: (1) poor capability: lack of systematic knowledge of dementia and inadequate dementia screening skills; (2) little opportunity: unclear pathways for referral, insufficient time for dementia screening and management, lack of dementia-specific leaders, and no guarantee of services continuity; (3) low motivation: outside of GP scope, worries associated with dementia stigma rooted in culture beliefs, and insufficient financial incentives. Conclusions Our study concluded that GPs were not yet ready to provide dementia screening and management services due to poor capability related to knowledge and skills of dementia, little opportunity associated with an unsupportive working environment, and low motivation due to unclear duty and social pressure. Accordingly, systematic implementation strategies should be taken, including standardized dementia training programs, standardized community-based dementia guidelines, expansion of primary care workforces, development of dedicated leaders, and the eradication of stigma attached to dementia to promote dementia screening and management services in primary care.

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still fatal even after surgical resection. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors of 5-year survival rate and to establish a model to identify HCC patients with gain of surgery combined with chemotherapy. Methods All patients with HCC after surgery from January 2010 to December 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to analyze the prognostic factors of patients, and the risk prediction model of 5-year survival rate of HCC patients was established by classical decision tree method. Propensity score matching was used to eliminate the confounding factors of whether to receive chemotherapy in high-risk group or low-risk group. Results One-thousand six-hundred twenty-five eligible HCC patients were included in the study. Marital status, α-fetoprotein (AFP), vascular infiltration, tumor size, number of lesions, and grade were independent prognostic factors affecting the 5-year survival rate of HCC patients. The area under the curve of the 5-year survival risk prediction model constructed from the above variables was 0.76, and the classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores were 0.752, 0.83, 0.842, and 0.836, respectively. High-risk patients classified according to the prediction model had better 5-year survival rate after chemotherapy, while there was no difference in 5-year survival rate between patients receiving chemotherapy and patients not receiving chemotherapy in the low-risk group. Conclusions The 5-year survival risk prediction model constructed in this study provides accurate survival prediction information. The high-risk patients determined according to the prediction model may benefit from the 5-year survival rate after combined chemotherapy.

Abstract Background Previous research has shown an association between homebound status and falls among older adults. However, this association was primarily drawn from cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to determine the bidirectional relationship between homebound status and falls among older adults in the community. Methods We used data of the community-dwelling older adults from 2011 to 2015 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative survey of Medicare Beneficiaries in the United States (Sample 1 [No falls at baseline]: N = 2,512; Sample 2 [Non-homebound at baseline]: N = 2,916). Homebound status was determined by the frequency, difficulty, and needing help for outdoor mobility. Falls were ascertained by asking participants whether they had a fall in the last year. Generalized estimation equation models were used to examine the bidirectional association between homebound status and falls longitudinally. Results Participants with no falls at baseline (n = 2,512) were on average, 76.8 years old, non-Hispanic whites (70.1%), and female (57.1%). After adjusting for demographics and health-related variables, prior year homebound status significantly contributed to falls in the following year (Odds ratio [OR], 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09–1.51). Participants who were non-homebound at baseline (n = 2,916) were on average, 75.7 years old, non-Hispanic white (74.8%), and female (55.8%). Previous falls significantly predicted later homebound status (OR, 1.26, 95% CI: 1.10–1.45) in the full adjusted model. Conclusion This is the first longitudinal study to determine the bidirectional association between homebound status and falls. Homebound status and falls form a vicious circle and mutually reinforce each other over time. Our findings suggest the importance of developing programs and community activities that reduce falls and improve homebound status among older adults.

In the paper, a novel metal surface nitriding method is presented by using an atmospheric pressure non-thermal transferred arc plasma technique. In the N2/H2 plasma nitriding process, the surface of stainless-steel is treated by the arc root, which shows an irregular movement in a circle-like zone with about 5 mm diameter observed by high speed camera. The discharge has characteristics of high voltage and low current, and the gas temperature of the arc column plasma is only about 2900 K determined by the diatomic molecule N2+(B2Σu+→X2Σg+) fitting method. It is found that the NH radical production in plasma plays an important role in the nitriding process. The thickness of nitrided layer can reach 60 μm after processing of 120 min under the optimal experimental conditions. The surface hardness of stainless-steel increased from 220 to about 1200 HV0.1 (Vickers hardness under the force of 0.1 kg) after plasma treatment. The treating saturation time for stainless-steel surface hardness reaching to 1200 HV0.1 is around 9 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) is a popular investment strategy used by many companies to develop or maintain the company's performance and existence. M&A is also a trend in the development of the accommodation service business that occurs in non-star hotels in Bali, including the sub-district of Ubud, Gianyar. M&A is an important event for employees that can affect employees job stress levels. The purpose of this study is to look at the phenomena that occurs in employee job stress conditions through individual differences owned at non-star hotels in Ubud sub-district that have been acquired through management or ownership. This study uses a quantitative approach by collecting data through the distribution of questionnaires to 153 employees in 30 non-star hotels in Ubud sub-district. Analysis of the data used is PLS. The results showed that individual differences are the full mediator between the relationship between management acquisition and ownership acquisition on employee job stress.Based on the results of the study, individual differences are variables that have an important role in the influence of management acquisition and ownership acquisition on employee job stress in 30 non-star hotels in Ubud sub-district. M&A event which is an important event for employees and causes changes in the organization. These changes will be faced in different ways because individuals have their own uniqueness.

A shooting free throw is a shot awarded to a player to score, as a result of being distracted by an opposing player in an attempt on a field shot. To master it, systematic training is needed, one of which is push-up and pull-up exercises. This study aims to determine the effect of push-up and pull-up exercises on the results of shooting free throws for basketball athletes in the Jembrana Regency. This research was carried out using a quasi-experimental research method with a pretest and post-test approach with a control group design. The population of this study was basketball athletes in the PERBASI Region, Jembrana Regency, with a sample of 30 athletes. Measurements were carried out during the pretest and post-test, and the push-up and pull-up exercise program was carried out 3 times a week, which was carried out for 5 weeks. The results showed that: 1) Push-up and pull-up exercises affected the results of shooting free throw scores for basketball athletes in Jembrana Regency. There is a difference in the results of shooting free throws for basketball athletes who are given push-up and pull-up exercises compared to ball athletes who are only given conventional training. From the results of this study, it means that push-up and pull-up exercises can increase free throw shooting scores by increasing the arm muscle strength of basketball athletes.

In order to reveal the mechanism of acid-heat coupling in improving the permeability of coal seams, combined with the advantages of the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method and mercury intrusion method under different pore size tests, X-ray diffraction(XRD) phase analysis was used as an auxiliary method to analyze the microscopic and multi-dimensional angle analysis of coal pore structure. The research results show that the coupling conditions of acid and heat have a significant effect on the pore structure of the coal body, and it shows a trend of first strengthening and then weakening with the increase of temperature. At 50 ℃, the 5% HF+5% HCl mixed acid solution has the most significant effect on pore reformation. Specifically, in the micro-pore stage(measured by the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method), the pore volume increased by 22.3%, the specific surface area increased by 23.9%, and the average pore size increased by 57.1%. The pore volume increased by 110.2% in the visible crack stage(measured by the mercury intrusion method).

Praktik literasi membaca dalam lingkup keluarga sangat penting. Pandemi Covid-19 ini membuka peluang bagi orang tua dan juga anak-anak untuk bersinergi melakukan praktik literasi membaca bacaan berbahasa Inggris di rumah karena sebagian besar dari mereka tinggal dan beraktivitas di rumah. Namun, tidak semua orang tua atau calon orang tua mengetahui cara memulai dan mengembangkan praktik literasi membaca di rumah. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk membantu peserta memahami manfaat membaca buku dan menjadi pembaca aktif. Selain itu, para peserta diharapkan dapat memulai praktik literasi membaca bacaan berbahasa Inggris bersama keluarga. Metode yang digunakan dalam PkM ini adalah webinar dengan adanya sesi pemaparan materi dari pembicara dan dilanjutkan dengan sesi tanya jawab. Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan PkM daring ini berjalan dengan baik dan peserta mendapatkan banyak ilmu dari program ini. Kegiatan PkM ini telah membantu para peserta untuk melakukan praktik literasi membaca bacaan berbahasa Inggris bersama keluarga.

Oral mucosal disease is a general term for a type of disease that mainly affects the oral mucosa and surrounding soft tissues. In the treatment of oral mucosal diseases, due to the particularity of the anatomical location, the use of topical administration is relatively simple and convenient; drugs can easily accumulate in the lesions, and at the same time, they can also avoid adverse reactions caused by systemic drug delivery. Topical administration has become an important and even preferred option for the treatment of oral mucosal diseases. There are various types of topically used drugs for oral mucosal diseases, such as glucocorticoids (triamcinolone acetonide), immunomodulatory drugs (tacrolimus), antiseptic drugs (chlorhexidine), pain relievers (lidocaine) and proprietary Chinese medicines (aloe vera gel). Among these drugs, although the most widely used liquid formulations such as gargles and sprays are easy to use, they are not conducive to local retention of drugs due to the particularity of the oral environment and function. Based on this, researchers have continuously improved the dosage form of the drug, and developed a series of semi-solid pharmaceutical preparations such as gels and ointments, some of which have exerted good curative effects in clinical work. In addition, although films, patches and other solid oral mucosal topical pharmaceutical preparations have few clinical applications, they have also been widely researched and described and are expected to become the mainstream dosage form in the future. In general, with the improvement of dosage forms, topical administration is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of oral mucosal diseases. Therefore, combined with basic research and clinical reports, this article reviews the application of topical drug delivery in the treatment of oral mucosal diseases.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is the main biopharmaceutical export commodity of Indonesia. However, its productivity and quality are low because it is not cultivated using optimal techniques. This study aimed to examine the effect of magnesium (Mg) fertilizer on the growth, rhizome yield, and essential oil content of two ginger varieties in the organic field. The two factors tested were the rate of Mg fertilizer application (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg MgOha-1) and the variety of ginger (elephant ginger [Zingiber officinale var. officinarum] and red ginger [Zingiber officinale var. rubrum]). The variables measured were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, rhizome weight, and essential oil content. Mg fertilizer application rate and ginger variety significantly affected growth, yield, and essential oil content. No interaction effects were found between the two factors. Mg fertilizer applied at 150 kg MgOha-1 resulted in the highest rhizome yield and essential oil content, with an increase of 21.74% and 15.38%, respectively, compared to the control (0 kg MgOha-1). The yield of elephant ginger was 29.41% higher than that of red ginger, whereas the essential oil content of the red ginger was 16.67% higher than that of the elephant ginger.

Stunting is a health problem in children that can cause health problems, education and interfere with productivity in the future. Stunting toddlers tend to find it difficult to reach their good potential in physical and psychomotor growth and development. Various efforts have been made to overcome stunting, one of which is to stimulate growth and development through baby massage. The limited number of health workers causes the need for participatory activities by posyandu cadres to help train the community in baby massage. So that posyandu cadres must be equipped with the ability to do baby massage. The purpose of this community service is to provide knowledge and skills of baby massage to posyandu cadres. The method used is to provide training with the stages of preparation, implementation and evaluation. The results after being given baby massage training there was an increase in the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres in doing baby massage.

It has been long recognized that public participation plays a vital role in dealing with spatial planning laws. However, mechanisms for the inclusion of public participation have been criticized worldwide for lacking the hallmarks of actual participation, as this trend has also occurred in Indonesia. This paper aimed to analyze the significance of public participation in Indonesia's spatial planning and whether the current Job Creation Law can solve the lack of public participation. There are no legal consequences or sanctions if the government fails to conduct public participation, while the Job Creation Law is regarded to encourage public participation by enabling the public to be actively involved in every stage of spatial planning. By employing normative research, this paper shows that the Job Creation Law reiterates the same flaws by neglecting the importance of legal consequences for not conducting public participation. The implementing regulation rests uncertainty that can reduce and discourage public participation. As the Job Creation Law was highly expected to cope with the issue, it cannot involve the public properly in spatial planning.

Abstract Background Dietary management is the most important and effective treatment for citrin deficiency, as well as a decisive factor in the clinical outcome of patients. However, the dietary management ability of caregivers of children with citrin deficiency is generally poor, especially in East Asia where carbohydrate-based diets are predominant. The aim of this study was to identify the difficulties that caregivers encounter in the process of home-based dietary management, and the reasons responsible for these challenges. Results A total of 26 caregivers of children with citrin deficiency were recruited, including 24 mothers, one father, and one grandmother. Grounded theory was employed to identify three themes (covering 12 sub-themes) related to the dilemma of dietary management: dietary management that is difficult to implement; conflicts with traditional concepts; and the notion that children are only a part of family life. The first theme describes the objective difficulties that caregivers encounter in the process of dietary management; the second theme describes the underlying reasons responsible for the non-adherent behavior of caregivers; the third theme further reveals the self-compromise by caregivers in the face of multiple difficulties. Conclusions This study reflects the adverse effects of multi-dimensional contradictions on the adherence of caregivers to dietary management. These findings reveal that the dietary management of citrin deficiency is not only a rational process, rather it is deeply embedded in family, social, and dietary traditions.

The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions and motivations of kindergarten teachers regarding early childhood educator’s competency development. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires presented in google form format and enriched through in-depth interviews. The subjects in this study were 55 kindergarten teachers spread across Bali province. The data analysis technique of this research used the development of Miles and Huberman. The results of the study showed that teacher knowledge about educator’s competency was still lacking in depth. Most of the teachers considered the competence of educators only having ability in teaching. Based on perception, teachers who had certified competency have positive perception toward development of early childhood education. In terms of motivation, all teachers have high motivation in developing competence as early childhood education educators. Teachers who have been certified to improve the quality of learning lead to training in child development tasks, and certified teachers in addition to insight and skills in teaching are also preparation for participating in PPG programs in the future. The perception and motivation of early childhood education educators will greatly impact the quality of learning provided to early childhood. For this reason, early childhood education teachers must continue to be active and participatory in participating in various teacher competency development programs.

Abstract Background Against the background of an aging population, older adults living alone in cities are increasingly dependent. However, their use of home and community-based services in China is unsatisfactory. This study attempted to figure out why older adults living alone in cities do not actively seek assistance in China. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted. A total of 29 older adults were recruited. Content analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Results Three themes were identified. (1) Desire for independence, despite hardship: The lives of older adults involve many inconveniences, but they preferred to solve problems by themselves, instead of asking for help; (2) Desire to not overburden jiaren (meaning family in Chinese): older adults did not want to disturb families or burden children with caring responsibilities. Moreover, previous experience of failing to obtain care made them reluctant to seek help from jiaren; (3) Desire to not bother wairen (meaning people other than family in Chinese): The lack of trust caused by being unfamiliar with wairen, and the fear of being a burden to others if they were not able to reciprocate, made older adults reluctant to seek help from wairen. Conclusions Changes in social, economic, and demographic structures have led to gradual failure of family care. Older adults accustomed to an “acquaintance society” have not yet adapted to seeking help from the community. When addressing the problem of care for older adults living alone in cities, it is important to focus on the profound impact of social change.

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada aspek ekonomi terutama sektor UMKM yang ada di Bali khususnya di Kabupaten Tabanan. Sasaran pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di UMKM Ladrang Kade yang bertempat di Desa Buahan, Kecamatan Tabanan Kabupaten Tabanan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra yaitu rendahnya pendapatan akibat keterbatasan skema pemasaran yang digunakan oleh pemilik UMKM tersebut. Skema promosi yang tidak up to date dan minimnya pengetahuan mengenai cara menawarkan produk melalui media sosial adalah pokok permasalahan dari UMKM ini. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan tersebut, tim pelaksana pengabdian merancang program kerja untuk memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi, diantaranya: 1) memberikan pelatihan kepada mitra mengenai teknik pemasaran produk melalui media sosial, dan 2) memberikan pendampingan dalam pembuatan media promosi seperti foto dan video yang menarik untuk diunggah di media sosial. Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan mitra tentang penggunaan media sosial sebagai strategi pemasaran dan meningkatkan pemahaman UMKM Ladrang Kade dalam menyiapkan media promosi secara online yang akan diunggah di instagram, facebook, dan story whatsapp. Dalam melaksanakan program kerja yang telah direncanakan, tim pelaksana memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan secara luring yaitu dengan mendatangi lokasi tempat usaha secara langsung. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, yaitu pelaku UMKM Ladrang Kade mampu memperkenalkan produknya kepada masyarakat luas dengan menggunakan media sosial secara mandiri.

Objectives Non-adherence to antipsychotics is the greatest obstacle to treating schizophrenia. We assessed the economic and clinical impacts of adherence to antipsychotics among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) and schizophrenia in British Columbia, Canada.Design and setting A population-based cohort study in British Columbia, Canada.Methods Eligible PLWH were enrolled in the Seek and Treat for Optimal Prevention HIV/AIDS population-based cohort during 2001–2016, diagnosed with schizophrenia, on antipsychotics for ≥1 day, and followed for ≥1 year from schizophrenia diagnosis date or 1 January 2001, whichever occurred last.Primary and secondary outcome measures A two-part model assessed the marginal effect of adherence on healthcare costs (in 2016 Canadian dollar), while logistic regression examined the effect on virological failure, and generalised linear mixed models examined the effect on hospital readmissions within 30 days and length of hospital stay.Results Among 726 PLWH with schizophrenia, ≥80% adherence to antipsychotics increased from 25% (50/198) in 2001 to 41% (225/554) in 2016. In most years, we observed no difference in adherence to antipsychotics among those who used only injectables, only non-injectables, and a combination of both, or among those who have ever consumed typical/first-generation antipsychotics and who consumed only atypical/second-generation antipsychotics. Overall healthcare costs were higher in the non-adherent group ($C2185), driven by the average annual hospitalisation costs ($C5517), particularly among women ($C8806) and people who ever injected drugs (PWID) ($C5985). Non-adherent individuals also experienced higher hospital readmissions (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.48, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.77), and longer hospital stays (adjusted mean ratio 1.23, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.35) in comparison to adherent individuals. We found no difference in virological failure by adherence groups, except when we stratified by gender where the aOR for women was 2.48 (95% CI 1.06 to 5.82).Conclusions Our results showed that implementing strategies and interventions to increase antipsychotic adherence, particularly among women and PWID, will be critical in addressing this public health challenge.

Abstract Engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered excellent delivery vehicles for a variety of therapeutic agents, including nucleic acids, proteins, drugs, and nanomaterials. Recently, several studies have indicated that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 9 (Cas9) delivered by EVs enable efficient DNA editing. However, an RNA editing tool delivered by EVs is still unavailable. Here, a signal peptide‐optimized and EVs‐delivered guide RNA (gRNA) and CRISPR/CasRx (Cas13d) system capable of rapidly inhibiting the expression of targeted genes with quick catabolism after performing their functions is developed. EVs with CRISPR/CasRx and tandem gRNAs targeting pivotal cytokines are further packed whose levels increase substantially over the course of acute inflammatory diseases and find that these engineered EVs inhibit macrophage activation in vitro. More importantly, this system attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐triggered acute lung injury and sepsis in the acute phase, mitigating organ damage and improving the prognosis in vivo. In summary, a potent tool is provided for short‐acting RNA editing, which could be a powerful therapeutic platform for the treatment of acute diseases.

The C state of Na3 has been explored in detail by the methods of resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy and photofragmentation spectroscopy of a supercooled cluster beam. The photofragmentation spectrum, recorded by depletion of Na3 from the beam, reveals a long progression of bands that had been invisible to the two-photon ionization method, and it appears that ultrafast fragmentation occurs for all levels more than 400 cm-1 above the zero-point level. This is consistent with earlier observations of Na D-line emission following Na3 excitation in this region, assuming the responsible channel is Na2 2X and Na 2P production. The vibronic fine structure of the C band system is complex at lower energies, and yields to a detailed explanation only through consideration of the dynamical Jahn–Teller effect. This analysis demonstrates that the C state has electronic symmetry E‘, and is subject to a symmetry-lowering deformation of 180 cm-1, or 1.4 times the frequency of the e’ vibrational mode of D3h Na3. The corresponding minimum energy structure is an obtuse isosceles triangle (65° apex angle), but the barrier to pseudorotation (estimated to be 40 cm-1) is small. Furthermore, the computed vibronic wave functions imply that only the lowest few states are well described within the adiabatic Born–Oppenheimer approximation; at intermediate energies the spectrum is correspondingly very irregular, while at higher energies a near harmonic regularity returns by virtue of the relatively small magnitude of the Jahn–Teller distortion. These quantitative conclusions are intermediate among those pertaining to the other known states of Na3, and, in combination with them, permit extensive comparison with the results of high quality electronic structure computations. The tentative assignment is to the 12E to 22E‘ electronic transition (united atom 1S21Px,y to 1S21Dxz,yz). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification enhances the binding ability of mRNAs/long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to microRNAs (miRNAs), but the impact of this modification on the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is unclear. Methods We used a human circRNA microarray to detect the expression profiles of circRNAs in 3 pairs of cancer and paracancerous tissues from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and 3 pairs of peripheral blood specimens from patients with CRC and healthy individuals. The circRNAs highly expressed in both peripheral blood and tumour tissues of patients with CRC, including circALG1, were screened. A quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of an expanded sample size was performed to detect the expression level of circALG1 in peripheral blood and tumour tissues of patients with CRC and determine its correlation with clinicopathological features, and circRNA loop-forming validation and stability assays were then conducted. Transwell assays and a nude mouse cancer metastasis model were used to study the function of circALG1 in CRC and the role of altered m6A modification levels on the regulation of circALG1 function. qRT-PCR, western blot (WB), Transwell, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA antisense purification (RAP), and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to analyse the ceRNA mechanism of circALG1 and the effect of the m6A modification of circALG1 on the ceRNA function of this circRNA. Results CircALG1 was highly expressed in both the peripheral blood and tumour tissues of patients with CRC and was closely associated with CRC metastasis. CircALG1 overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of CRC cells, and circALG1 silencing and reduction of the circALG1 m6A modification level inhibited CRC cell migration and invasion. In vivo experiments further confirmed the prometastatic role of circALG1 in CRC. Further mechanistic studies showed that circALG1 upregulated the expression of placental growth factor (PGF) by binding to miR-342-5p and that m6A modification enhanced the binding of circALG1 to miR-342-5p and promoted its ceRNA function. Conclusion M6A modification enhances the binding ability of circALG1 to miR-342-5p to promote the ceRNA function of circALG1, and circALG1 could be a potential therapeutic target in and a prognostic marker for CRC.

Abstract The RNA binding protein PTBP3 was recently reported to play a critical role in multiple cancers, and the molecular mechanisms involved RNA splicing, 3′ end processing and translation. However, the role of PTBP3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly explored. Herein, PTBP3 was upregulated in CRC and associated with a poor prognosis. PTBP3 knockdown in colorectal cancer cell lines restricted CRC proliferative capacities in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PTBP3 regulated the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE4A by binding the 3′ UTR of its mRNA, preventing its degradation. UBE4A participated in P53 degradation, and PTBP3 knockdown in colorectal cancer cell lines showed increased P53 expression. UBE4A overexpression rescued PTBP3 knockdown-induced inhibition of CRC cell proliferation and P53 expression. Our results demonstrated that PTBP3 plays an essential role in CRC cell proliferation by stabilizing UBE4A to regulate P53 expression and may serve as a new prognostic biomarker and effective therapeutic target for CRC.

Abstract Background The increased number of older adults living alone has created a substantial care need. However, the utilization rate of services and facilities to meet these needs are surprisingly low. Many of older adults experience difficulties accessing these services, although it remains unclear how these obstacles impede access to services. This study explored the obstacles and difficulties experienced by urban older adults in seeking community care. Methods A phenomenological study was carried out and participatory observation and in-depth interviews were employed to investigate the process of seeking care of older adults in urban communities. A total of 18 urban community-dwelling older adults aged 75 years and over were included. Data collected were analysed by content analysis. Results We identified the pathways by which senior-only households sought community care and encountered obstacles. (1) lack of community care information: older adults did not know where and how to get services, even though the care institutions scattered throughout the community; (2) limited mobility: older adults often suffered from various chronic diseases, which physically hindered their access to care resources; (3) complex process of achieving care: the functional fragmentation and geographical dispersion of care institutions made the care-seeking process challenging and confusing for older adults; (4) incomprehension of needs expression: limited interaction time and communication barriers between staff of institutions and the older adults were the final obstacle. Only by surmounting these obstacles one by one can older adults access the care resources effectively. Conclusions When older adults in the community initiated calls for help, they encountered several obstacles. Their physiological and social disadvantages limited their ability to seek care physically. Lack of integration and clear guidance in the process of providing community care exacerbated these difficulties. Reform of care services should focus on the visibility and accessibility of services for older adults.

Shen-Tao Wang, Guo-Xin Ni School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guo-Xin Ni, Tel +86-10-62989780, Fax +86-10-62989670, Email niguoxin@bsu.edu.cnAbstract: Depression, one of the most common comorbidities with osteoarthritis (OA), affects patient prognosis and quality of life. It also increases the overall burden of disease. This subgroup of patients has not been effectively managed in clinical settings. The study aimed to direct physicians’ attention to the co-occurrence of depression and OA. Therefore, this review summarizes the relevant literature published over the past 10 years. The focus is on the prevalence of and risk factors for depression in OA, the effects of depression on OA development and treatment response, comorbidity mechanisms, screening, and non-pharmacological treatment. The research on the etiology of depression has been driven largely by epidemiological studies. Recent studies have shown that high levels of pain, poor levels of function, high numbers of OA sites, and slow gait might be associated with depression. However, the pathophysiology of OA and depression comorbidities remains unclear. In addition to immune inflammation and structural changes in the brain, which have been documented in brain imaging studies, psychosocial factors may also play a role. The evidence indicates that depression can be treated with early intervention; however, adjustments may need to be made for individuals with comorbid depression in OA. It is recommended that health care providers pay more attention to depressive symptoms in patients with OA. Clinicians should develop and implement an individualized and comprehensive treatment plan for patients based on a mental health assessment and in teams with other professionals to optimize treatment outcomes.Keywords: osteoarthritis, depression, epidemiology, prognosis, screening, treatment

A rolling bearing performance degradation assessment algorithm based on single ring theorem in the random matrix theory is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional feature extraction algorithm is not sufficient to extract the useful information of the bearing under the industrial big data environment, and the constructed index is difficult to effectively characterize the bearing degradation process. Firstly, through segmentation, randomization, amplification and dimensional reconstruction of the bearing sampling data, a high-dimensional random matrix of the bearing at the current moment is established; Secondly, given the good high-dimensional data processing ability of random matrix theory, the distribution of eigenvalues of bearing random matrix is investigated by using the single ring theorem. Finally, the average spectral radius and the distribution of eigenvalue discrete points are used as degradation indexes to describe the degradation history of rolling bearings. The application research of the proposed method was carried out through the IMS rolling bearing full life test data, the research results show that the two quantitative indexes established by using the average spectral radius and the number of discrete points proposed based on the single ring theorem, can effectively describe the degradation process of rolling bearings and are more sensitive to the early anomaly state of rolling bearing.