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Interleukin-35 (IL-35) exerts crucial roles in the pathogenesis and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in this study we aim to explore the associations between IL-35 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility, clinical features and plasma IL-35 levels of SLE patients, respectively. 490 SLE patients and 489 healthy controls were recruited in our study. The correlations between the polymorphisms of seven SNPs of IL-35 encoding gene and the susceptibility, main clinical manifestations of SLE were evaluated, respectively. Plasma IL-35 levels were assessed in 76 SLE patients, and the associations between plasma IL-35 levels and the polymorphisms of genotyped SNPs were explored. There were significant associations between the polymorphisms of rs4740 and the occurrence of renal disorder, hematological disorder in SLE patients, respectively (p = 0.001; p = 0.001). In addition, there were no significant associations observed between the genotype frequencies of genotyped SNPs and the risk of SLE, plasma IL-35 levels, respectively. The polymorphism of rs4740 of IL-35 encoding gene is associated with the occurrence of renal disorder and hematological disorder of SLE patients.

The article presents the case of a 22-year-old white male presented to the emergency department complaining of left-flank pain and dark-colored urine. According to the patient, 3 days earlier he had taken some "bad falls" while practicing jujitsu and developed mild left-flank soreness. Six hours prior to presenting to the emergency department, he had attended a second jujitsu practice session during which he attempted to perform a throw on his opponent. The diagnosis of hematuria secondary to kidney contusion was made. A conservative treatment protocol was followed and the patient was discharged. The article says that students and martial artists should be taught about signs and dangers of kidney trauma and that sharp flank pain due to a fall is potentially serious.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog located on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressors in human cancer including in glioblastoma. Here, we show that PTEN exerts unconventional oncogenic effects in glioblastoma through a novel PTEN/mutant p53/c-Myc/Bcl-XL molecular and functional axis. Using a wide array of molecular, genetic, and functional approaches, we demonstrate that PTEN enhances a transcriptional complex containing gain-of-function mutant p53, CBP, and NFY in human glioblastoma cells and tumor tissues. The mutant p53/CBP/NFY complex transcriptionally activates the oncogenes c-Myc and Bcl-XL, leading to increased cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and clonogenicity. Disruption of the mutant p53/c-Myc/Bcl-XL axis or mutant p53/CBP/NFY complex reverses the transcriptional and oncogenic effects of PTEN and unmasks its tumor-suppressive function. Consistent with these data, we find that PTEN expression is associated with worse patient survival than PTEN loss in tumors harboring mutant p53 and that a small molecule modulator of p53 exerts greater antitumor effects in PTEN-expressing cancer cells. Altogether, our study describes a new signaling pathway that mediates context-dependent oncogenic/tumor-suppressive role of PTEN. The data also indicate that the combined mutational status of PTEN and p53 influences cancer prognosis and anticancer therapies that target PTEN and p53.

Este estudio avaluó la pérdida y los cambios en las propiedades físicas del suelo y la producción de papa amarilla Solanum phureja, como resultado de cuatro sistemas de labranza (Tracción humana, LTH; Tracción animal, LTA; Mecánica, LM; y Mecánica combinada, LMC) en Santa Lucía, municipio de Tuluá, región alto andina de Colombia a 2.870 msnm. Los tratamientos se evaluaron usando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. La pérdida de suelo se determinó por medio de canaletas de escorrentía. La información se analizó por medio de una matriz de cambio para cada propiedad física. La tracción mecánica afectó negativamente las propiedades físicas del suelo, lo que se evidenció en el incremento de pérdidas por escorrentía. La mayor pérdida de suelo se asoció con el uso de LM y disminuyó hasta el 50% con LTH: (LM 6.12 t ha-1 año-1; LMC 5.0 t ha-1 año-1; LTA 3.7 t ha-1 año-1 and LTH 2.73 t ha-1 año-1). LTA generó la mayor retribución económica y ambiental, porque su producción (13 t/ha) fue mayor que el promedio obtenido en los tratamientos (12.4 t/ha) y la pérdida de suelo fue menor que la generada por LM y LMC.

Within the Drosophila embryo, two related bHLH-PAS proteins, Single-minded and Trachealess, control development of the central nervous system midline and the trachea, respectively. These two proteins are bHLH-PAS transcription factors and independently form heterodimers with another bHLH-PAS protein, Tango. During early embryogenesis, expression of Single-minded is restricted to the midline and Trachealess to the trachea and salivary glands, whereas Tango is ubiquitously expressed. Both Single-minded/Tango and Trachealess/Tango heterodimers bind to the same DNA sequence, called the CNS midline element (CME) within cis-regulatory sequences of downstream target genes. While Single-minded/Tango and Trachealess/Tango activate some of the same genes in their respective tissues during embryogenesis, they also activate a number of different genes restricted to only certain tissues. The goal of this research is to understand how these two related heterodimers bind different enhancers to activate different genes, thereby regulating the development of functionally diverse tissues. Existing data indicates that Single-minded and Trachealess may bind to different co-factors restricted to various tissues, causing them to interact with the CME only within certain sequence contexts. This would lead to the activation of different target genes in different cell types. To understand how the context surrounding the CME is recognized by different bHLH-PAS heterodimers and their co-factors, we identified and analyzed novel enhancers that drive midline and/or tracheal expression and compared them to previously characterized enhancers. In addition, we tested expression of synthetic reporter genes containing the CME flanked by different sequences. Taken together, these experiments identify elements overrepresented within midline and tracheal enhancers and suggest that sequences immediately surrounding a CME help dictate whether a gene is expressed in the midline or trachea.

ntroducción: La cirugía de mandíbula en patología oncológica está considerada como cirugía mayor. Conlleva alteraciones estéticas, que pueden ser corregidas mediante técnicas reconstructivas, como colocación de malla de titanio y osteosíntesis con miniplacas. En el presente trabajo nos proponemos describir nuestra experiencia en este tipo de cirugías. Pacientes y métodos: Se revisaron los procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados por patologías oncológicas de mandíbula en el Hospital “Solón Espinosa Ayala” SOLCA Núcleo de Quito durante el periodo comprendido desde enero de 2002 a septiembre 2006. Se analizó el tipo de cirugía realizada y el diagnóstico patológico. Resultados: De un total de 13 procedimientos quirúrgicos de mandíbula, 5 correspondieron a hemimandibulectomías, 1 mandibulectomía total, 1 mandibulectomía marginal, 2 exéresis tumorales, 2 enucleaciones y 2 biopsias incisionales. Los diagnósticos histopatológicos correspondieron a 3 osteosarcomas, 3 ameloblastoma, 2 carcinomas mucoepidermoides, 1 granuloma periférico de células gigantes, 1 fibroma, 1 quiste periapical, 1mieloma múltiple y 1displasia fibrosa. Conclusiones: La cirugía oncológica de mandíbula es técnicamente compleja, por lo que es muy importante la formación de profesionales con experiencia en esta área.

Las neoplasias malignas de la glándula salival constituyen menos del 0.5% de todos los cánceres y aproximadamente 3% a 5% de todos los cánceres de la cabeza y el cuello, con una edad de presentación entre los 60 y 70 años. Más del 50% de las neoplasias de las glándulas salivales son benignas, y aproximadamente de 70% a 80% de estas neoplasias se originan en la glándula parótida de las cuales el 80% corresponden a su variante histológica de Adenoma Pleomórfico. El Carcinoma ex adenoma pleomórfico (también conocido como tumor mixto maligno es un carcinoma que muestra evidencia histológica de surgir de o en un adenoma pleomórfico benigno, constituye el 8.8% de todos los tumores mixtos y 4.6% de todos los tumores de la glándula salival malignos, lo cual lo clasifica como el sexto más común. Se trata de una paciente que tuvo antecedentes de Adenoma Pleomórfico benigno que luego de 10 años progreso a maligno.

This article compares the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for primary drainage in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO). The study analyzed five randomized controlled trials involving 519 patients. The results showed that EUS-BD had a higher technical success rate and 1-year stent patency compared to ERCP, with similar clinical success rates and safety profiles. The authors suggest that EUS-BD could be considered as a first-line approach for DMBO due to its good performance. [Extracted from the article]