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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has been used in forensics and requires well-established population databases for statistical interpretations. However, high-quality mtDNA data from Vietnamese population samples have been limited. To examine the mtDNA sequences and haplogroup compositions of a Vietnamese population to provide an mtDNA dataset that can further be used to construct a Vietnamese-specific reference database. A total of 173 Vietnamese individuals were analysed for two hypervariable regions (HVI and HVII) of mtDNA. Forensic parameters were calculated and haplogroup assignment was performed based on the resulting mtDNA haplotypes. Genetic relationships between the Vietnamese and other Asian populations were investigated through principal component analysis (PCA) and pairwise Fst. The Vietnamese population sample consisted of 145 different haplotypes with a random match probability of 0.96%, a power of discrimination of 0.9904, and a haplotype diversity of 0.9962. The samples were assigned to 83 haplogroups that were commonly reported in Asia. PCA and pairwise Fst revealed close relationships of the Vietnamese population with other Asian populations, especially with populations in proximity. The results from this study can contribute to the current genetic information content as a supplementary mtDNA reference dataset for forensic investigations and phylogenetic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to analyze inhabitants' perceptions vis‐a‐vis the actual demographic, economic, functional, and land use transformation taking place in the peripheral area of Kłodzko County in the Sudetes Mountains in southwestern Poland. Recently, new socio‐economic processes can be observed in the region, suggesting a revival after a period of stagnation. It employs qualitative data from semi‐structured interviews and observation, and quantitative data from an online survey. Findings on inhabitants' perception are discussed against evidence from diverse statistical databases based on the literature. Results show that changes to physical built environment are most perceived, but tourism is seen as the main positive driver. The most acute negative change is depopulation, which is also considered to have a damaging effect on the transformation. The results show some disparities in perceptions across different socio‐demographic and spatially defined categories of inhabitants, as well as ambiguity of assessment of rural transformations that are interpreted in relation to the socio‐economic context of interviewees. The study contributes to discussion on perceived and actual change in rural areas by pointing to patterns of perception. It provides social feedback on changes and depicts collective attitudes towards rural revival—knowledge that is necessary to formulate policies tailored to site‐specific preconditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a systematic review of the literature (SLR) on the topic Covid-19 socio-political effects worldwide and in Colombia. The objective was to verify the state of the art of scientific production related to this field of study. To achieve the proposed end, 1556 published researches were identified, 6 with emphasis on Colombia and 1550 worldwide in the period between 2017 and 2023. With the scientific mapping, the periods and volumes of articles, authors, journals, countries, organizations, thematic areas and analysis of words and citations were analyzed. The dataset was obtained with the Scopus index database and processed with the statistical programs, Excel and Rstudio with its bibliométrix package. The results show among the countries that stand out the most worldwide the United States, the United Kingdom and China, in the case of Colombia it was found that its frequency of appearance in the field of study is (9) directly or indirectly, the same as Spain (6) y Pakistan (3). Wang Y, Wang X and Flahault, were the authors with the most impact. The journals that published the most articles were the International journal of environmental research and public health, Plos one and The Lancet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing the literature, which indicates the high importance of financial surplus in investment expenditures, which are essential in creating a competitive advantage, and having in mind that with GDP growth a decreasing trend can be observed in the sphere of investment expenditures in Poland, an analysis was made of the sources of financing investment expenditures of enterprises and the financial result of entities with domestic and foreign capital operating in Poland. This made it possible to identify the situation of the Polish economy over the years in terms of the structure of investments and to try to answer the question of whether the financial results achieved by entities with domestic capital are sufficient to make the investments necessary to maintain a high position in the competitive environment. As a result of the analysis, it was found that entities with domestic capital, representing a majority of around 80 % of the total balance sheet contributors in Poland, generate only 60% of the gross financial result, while less than 20 % of foreign companies have a financial result exceeding 40%. The methods used include an analysis of the literature, data contained in statistical databases (CSO and Eurostat). The data presented cover the period 2005-2020, mostly in the form of annual aggregates for Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byrne and Krishnamoorthy (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021je007040 estimated the frequency of volcanic eruptions on Venus by scaling the eruption frequency obtained from a database containing Earth data. In reproducing their study, I found that the estimated number of new and ongoing volcanic eruptions on Venus in a given year is approximately 42, instead of the previously reported 120 eruptions. This updated estimate of Byrne and Krishnamoorthy (2022) based on the assumption that data from Earth can be scaled to Venus is an important step toward quantifying volcanism on Venus. However, it is important to note that in this estimate, the amount of volcanism associated with rifting is underestimated and subduction‐related volcanism is overestimated. The annual volcanic flux on Venus resultant from the estimated amount of volcanic eruptions aligns with previous estimates of Venus' volcanic flux based on, for example, chemical reaction times and geological mapping. Applying the same method of estimating volcanic eruption frequency to the other terrestrial planets in the Solar System indicates that the Earth scaling method is perhaps not universally applicable, especially concerning bodies with vastly different tectonic regimes. Plain Language Summary: Much is still unknown about Venus, including how many volcanic eruptions might occur on its surface. This information is important as it would help with designing space missions and could greatly improve the understanding of the interior and dynamics of the planet. Byrne and Krishnamoorthy (2022), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021je007040 used statistical methods and a database containing information about volcanic eruptions on Earth to provide the first estimates of the amount of volcanic eruptions in a given year on Venus. They reported an estimated 120 volcanic eruptions on Venus per Earth year. I have reproduced their study and found that they made an error in their statistical method. Instead, the estimated amount of volcanic eruptions on Venus in an Earth year is approximately 42. This estimate contains uncertainties due to the lack of knowledge of volcanic eruptions in the oceans on Earth and the possibility of subduction occurring on Venus. However, despite these uncertainties, the updated estimate of Byrne and Krishnamoorthy (2022) is an important step toward exploring Venus as a volcanic world. Key Points: Assuming that data from Earth can be scaled to Venus directly, I estimate that ∼42 eruptions could take place on Venus annuallyRift volcanism is significantly underestimated in the database, so the estimated volcanic eruption frequency on Venus is conservativeThe volcanic flux associated with the estimated volcanic eruption frequency aligns with previous estimates [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigates bank fraud and its implications on the Nigerian economy. The study specifically examined how clearing fraud, financial forgeries, and financial embezzlement affect Nigeria's GDP. Secondary series data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistical database without bias from 1986 to 2020. Stationarity, cointegration, VAR Granger Causality, and VAR tests were estimated at a 95% confidence level. The stationarity test reveals that all variables were stationary at the first difference, resulting in the use of Johansen co-integration, which demonstrates the absence of longrun form. As a result, we used the VAR technique and discovered that clearing fraud and financial forgeries significantly slow economic expansion, whereas financial embezzlement reduces GDP but not significantly. According to the VAR Granger Causality, clearing fraud and financial forgeries influence GDP while financial embezzlement does not support GDP. We conclude that bank fraud reduces Nigeria's economic growth. In light of this, we recommend that commercial banks strengthen their internal control systems in order to detect and prevent fraud and fraudulent activities, as well as protect their assets, in order to more efficiently support economic growth. Bank regulatory and supervisory bodies in Nigeria must improve their supervision by utilising all available tools to appropriately check and curtain the incidence of fraud and fraudulent practises in the Nigerian banking industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to analyze inhabitants' perceptions vis‐a‐vis the actual demographic, economic, functional, and land use transformation taking place in the peripheral area of Kłodzko County in the Sudetes Mountains in southwestern Poland. Recently, new socio‐economic processes can be observed in the region, suggesting a revival after a period of stagnation. It employs qualitative data from semi‐structured interviews and observation, and quantitative data from an online survey. Findings on inhabitants' perception are discussed against evidence from diverse statistical databases based on the literature. Results show that changes to physical built environment are most perceived, but tourism is seen as the main positive driver. The most acute negative change is depopulation, which is also considered to have a damaging effect on the transformation. The results show some disparities in perceptions across different socio‐demographic and spatially defined categories of inhabitants, as well as ambiguity of assessment of rural transformations that are interpreted in relation to the socio‐economic context of interviewees. The study contributes to discussion on perceived and actual change in rural areas by pointing to patterns of perception. It provides social feedback on changes and depicts collective attitudes towards rural revival—knowledge that is necessary to formulate policies tailored to site‐specific preconditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a critical review of the landslide displacement prediction is conducted, based on a database of 359 articles on landslide displacement prediction published from 1985 to 2023. The statistical analysis of this database shows that the methods taken for the landslide displacement prediction could be categorized into physics-based and data-driven approaches. In the context of the physics-based approaches, the displacement of a landslide is characterized and predicted by a physics-based model that approximates the deformation mechanism of the landslide; whereas, the displacement, in the data-driven approaches, is often characterized and predicted by a mathematical or machine learning model, established based on analyses of the historical data. Note that although physics-based approaches were generally adopted in the early studies, data-driven approaches are becoming more and more popular in recent years. The main components involved in the physics-based approaches, including principles for establishing the prediction model, determination of model parameters, solution strategies of the model built, evaluation of the model's predictive performance, are first reviewed based on the literature database; then, those of the data-driven approaches, including methods for pre-processing the landslide displacement and influencing factors, algorithms for establishing the prediction model, calibration of model parameters, probabilistic prediction methods of landslide displacement, and evaluation of the model's predictive performance, are analyzed. Based on analyses of the information collected from the literature and our experience, we further discuss the challenges faced in landslide displacement prediction and offer recommendations for future research. We suggest that a hybrid prediction framework that takes advantage of both physics-based and data-driven approaches, a multi-field and multi-parameter landslide monitoring scheme, and an efficient strategy for the calibration of model parameters warrant further investigations. • A database of 359 articles on landslide displacement prediction is reviewed. • Components of the physics-based displacement prediction methods are reviewed. • Components of the data-driven displacement prediction methods are reviewed. • Challenges in landslide displacement prediction and suggestions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a direct reference tool to reflect the operational status and development level of national industry, industrial statistics hold significant value for numerous systematic studies. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that the quality of these statistics can be compromised by the common occurrence of missing value. This issue poses a substantial challenge for analyzing and utilizing industrial statistics, impeding progress in tasks reliant upon them. Given the severity of the missing value problem in industrial statistical databases and the limitations of existing literatures on missing value imputation in terms of research objects and modeling approaches, this paper proposes a novel missing value imputation modeling approach for single-indicator panels of industrial statistics based on the idea of data-characteristic-driven (DCD). Accordingly, taking the inter-provincial "monthly power generation" data from China as an example, the imputation model was constructed and its validity was tested under different imputed objects (Jiangsu and Jilin), different missing types (continuous and discrete), and different missing rates (5%, 10% and 20%) respectively. The results indicate that the proposed DCD modeling approach in this paper exhibits excellent efficacy. The imputation model, constructed based on the data characteristic of the imputed object, demonstrates clear advantages in handling missing value with different missing types and rates. This is evident in its superior consideration of numerical accuracy, directional accuracy, and imputation stability, resulting in an outstanding comprehensive imputation effect. • A novel DCD modeling approach for missing value imputation of industrial statistics is proposed. • A data characteristic recognition path of single-indicator panel data is constructed. • The match between data characteristic and model mechanisms improves imputation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Patients with COE have difficulties in education and entering the workforce. • Patients with COE without additional disabilities have lower college graduation rates but stable employment. • Income is generally lower, but patients without additional disabilities reach comparable income levels. This study explored the association of childhood-onset epilepsy (COE) with educational attainment, adulthood employment, and income. A population-based cohort of 312 children with COE was identified from Tampere University Hospital, Finland. Population Register Center formed a matched random population sample of 1248 children without COE as a reference cohort. The two cohorts were linked to the Statistics Finland database to obtain information on educational attainment, employment status, and income. Fisher's exact test was used to compare employment and graduation. Independent samples t -test was used for analyzing graduation grades and the Mann-Whitney test was used for analyzing yearly income. Results were stratified by sex and disability. During a follow-up of 25 years, a substantially higher proportion of the patients never entered the workforce, 37 % (109/312) compared with 4 % (44/1248) for the referents without COE (p < 0.001). A two-fold difference was observed for COE patients without other disabilities (7.7 %, 13/169, p = 0.01). No clear difference was found in long-term employment between the COE without disabilities and the referents (67 %, 114/169 versus 74 %, 920/1248, p = 0.087). The patients with COE had worse lower secondary school graduation grade averages (7.36 vs 7.6, p = 0.004) and graduation rates (64 % vs 98 %, p < 0.001), the patients without disabilities had similar results to referents (7.43, p = 0.07, 98 %). Of the patients with COE, 18 % graduated from college compared to 38 % of the referents (p < 0.001). The median income was lower in males and females with COE of all ages compared to the referents. The COE patients without additional mental or physical disabilities had income comparable to the healthy referents. 143 patients (46 %) had additional disabilities. Patients with COE have lower educational attainment, stable employment, and income. Patients without disabilities also have an increased risk of unemployment, but those capable of entering the workforce have stable careers with earnings comparable to the rest of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Antimicrobial resistance has reached an alarming rate globally, especially in middle-income countries such as Lebanon. The development of antifungal resistance is associated with the increased population's injudicious consumption. This study aims to measure antifungals consumption in Lebanon as a trend analysis of national data from 2004 to 2018.Methods: This is a trend analysis of the consumption of antifungal agents in the Lebanese community. Data were obtained from the Intercontinental Marketing Statistics Database between 2004 and 2018. It measures the total consumptions per year, per drug, and the percentage of its correspondents for three routes of administration (oral, parenteral, and topical). Results were reported by Defined Daily Dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day and the total number of DDDs.Results: Community consumption of antifungals in Lebanon has increased by approximately 18.64% between 2004 and 2018, as measured by the number of DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day; and amplified by approximately 87.76% as measured by the number of DDDs. The highest consumption level was noted in 2017, with 1.52 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day and 3,386,930 DDDs. Fluconazole was the most consumed antifungal while micafungin was the least with 6,723,869.2 (20.99%) and 48.5 (0.0002%) DDDs respectively. Topical antifungals ranked the first type consumed followed by oral and parenteral antifungals representing 51.72%, 48.24%, and 0.033% of the total consumption respectively.Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate a marked increase in antifungal consumption in the Lebanese community. This accelerates the need of implementing disease management guidelines and national antifungal stewardship. Moreover, these findings may be used in further benchmark utilization and antimicrobial resistance studies in Lebanon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to manually and semi-automatically curate a database and develop an R package that will act as a comprehensive resource to understand how biological processes are dysregulated due to interactions with environmental factors. The initial database search run on the Gene Expression Omnibus and the Molecular Signature Database retrieved a total of 90,018 articles. After title and abstract screening against pre-set criteria, a total of 237 datasets were selected and 522 gene modules were manually annotated. We then curated a database containing four environmental factors, cigarette smoking, diet, infections and toxic chemicals, along with a total of 25,789 genes that had an association with one or more of gene modules. The database and statistical analysis package was then tested with the differentially expressed genes obtained from the published literature related to type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, small cell lung cancer, COVID-19, cobalt exposure and smoking. On testing, we uncovered statistically enriched biological processes, which revealed pathways associated with environmental factors and the genes. The curated database and enrichment tool are available as R packages at https://github.com/AhmedMehdiLab/E.PATH and https://github.com/AhmedMehdiLab/E.PAGE respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logistic regression plays a fundamental role in the production of decision rules, risk assessment, and in establishing cause and effect relationships. This primer is aimed at novice researchers with minimal statistical expertise. Introduce the logit equation and provide a hands-on example to facilitate understanding of its benefits and limitations. This primer reviews the mathematical basis of a logit equation by comparing and contrasting it with the simple straight-line (linear) equation. After gaining an understanding of the meaning of beta coefficients, readers are encouraged to download a free statistical program and database to produce a logistic regression analysis. Using this example, the narrative then discusses commonly used methods to describe model fitness, including the C-statistic, chi square, Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria, McFadden's pseudo R2, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The authors provide a how-to discussion for variable selection and estimate of sample size. However, logistic regression alone can seldom establish causal inference without further steps to explore the often complex relationship amongst variables and outcomes, such as with the use of a directed acyclic graphs. We present key elements that generally should be considered when appraising an article that uses logistic regression. This primer provides a basic understanding of the theory, hands-on construction, model analysis, and limitations of logistic regression in emergency care research. Logistic regression can provide information about the association of independent variables with important clinical outcomes, which can be the first step to show predictiveness or causation of variables on the outcomes of interest. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are widely used in concrete technology due to their high mechanical and durability properties. FRP has become a mainstream material not only to strengthen damaged elements but also to sustain more service loads and solve long-term ever-growing issues of new infrastructures. Therefore, this review aims to establish a database of research works that focus on the assessment of flexural, shear, and torsional strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams using various types and application methods of FRP composites. The efficiencies of these strengthening techniques were compared in terms of structural behaviors of RC beams, types of FRPs, wrapping configurations, etc. This state-of-the-art review reveals that FRP composites can be used successfully to recover the strength of damaged beams or to improve the structural behaviors of new elements. Furthermore, a statistical analysis was conducted to determine the increment factors for various parameters affecting the structural behaviors of RC beams. It was found that FRP composites were more beneficial for torsional strengthening compared to flexural and shear retrofitting in terms of load capacity and ductility. In addition, the change of FRP layers was more significant than varying FRP wrapping methods, sizes, and types. Finally, based on the compiled database and statistical data, the article proposes some methods for using FRP composites to strengthen RC beams under various load conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adverse effects of climate change will impact all regions around the world, especially Middle Eastern countries, which have prioritized economic growth over environmental protection. However, these impacts are not evenly distributed spatially, and some locations, namely climate change hotspots, will suffer more from climate change consequences. In this study, we identified climate change hotspots over Iran—a developing country in the Middle East that is facing dire economic situations—in order to suggest pragmatic solutions for vulnerable regions. We used a statistical index as a representative of the differences in climatic parameters for the RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 forcing pathways between historical data (1975–2005), near-future data (2030–2060) and far-future data (2070–2100). More specifically, we used downscaled high-resolution (0.25°) meteorological data from five GCMs of the CMIP5 database to calculate the statistical metric. Results indicate that for the far-future period and RCP4.5, regions stretching from the northwest to southeast of Iran, namely the Hotspot Belt, are the most vulnerable areas, while, for RCP8.5, almost the whole country is vulnerable to climate change. The highest and lowest differences in temperature for RCP8.5 in 2070–2100 are observed during summer in the northwestern and central parts and during winter in the northern and northeastern parts. Moreover, the maximum increase and decrease in precipitation are identified over the western parts of Iran during fall and winter, respectively. Overall, western provinces (e.g., Lorestan and Kermanshah), which are mostly reliant on rainfed agriculture and other climate-dependent sectors, will face the highest change in climate in the future. As these regions have less adaptive capacity, they should be prioritized through upstream policy change and special budget allocation from the government to increase their resiliency against climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of outpatient use and costs for systemic antibacterials by age and sex among adults in Finland from 2008–2019. Data from the Finnish statistical database Kelasto, containing information concerning all reimbursed medicines for 18+-year-olds during 2008–2019, were analyzed. In addition to the decreased (26%) use of systemic antibiotics, decreased use was observed in all antibiotic categories, notably including several wide-spectrum antibiotics. The use of quinolones decreased by 49% and of tetracyclines by 39%. The 10 most frequently used antibiotics covered 89% of all adult antibiotic prescriptions. Antibiotic use also decreased in every age group during the study period. Although the overall yearly costs of outpatient antibiotics during the 10-year study period decreased from EUR 36.4 million to EUR 30.7 million, the cost per prescription increased slightly. In conclusion, according to the findings of this study, concerning adults and the results of our previous study concerning children and adolescents (2008–2016), there has been a decreasing trend of outpatient antibacterial use among the whole Finnish outpatient population over the duration of nearly one decade. However, during the same time period, there has been a specific increasing trend for the Gram-negative AMR threat regarding E. coli resistance. Therefore, based on our important findings in Finland, methods other than the restriction of antibiotic use, such as new anti-infective innovations, including antibacterials, are needed as soon as possible to tackle this major global health threat—a silent pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted to generate realworld evidence in adult patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) at a referral center in England between 2012 and 2019. Data from the referral center electronic medical record database were linked to the National Health Service Hospital Episode Statistics database to collect and analyze patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, treatment patterns, health-related quality of life (HRQoL; assessed using the EmPHasis-10 questionnaire), healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), costs, and survival. Sixty-two patients with SAPH were identified. At diagnosis, 84% were in WHO functional class III and presented with significant pulmonary hemodynamic impairment. Cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities were commonly reported prediagnosis. Median EmPHasis-10 score at diagnosis was 34, indicative of poor HRQoL. In the 1st year after diagnosis, median (Q1, Q3) per-patient HCRU was 1 (0, 2) all-cause inpatient hospitalizations; 3 (2, 4) same-day hospitalizations; and 9 (6, 11) outpatient consultations. In 24 patients who were hospitalized longer than 1 day in the 1st year after diagnosis, the median duration of hospitalization was 4 days. With a median follow-up of 1.8 years, the median overall survival was 2.9 years. In this cohort of patients with SAPH, poor HRQoL and high HCRU were observed following diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on HRQoL and HCRU in patients with SAPH. More research is needed on treatment options for this population with high unmet needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) was launched in 2018 with the purpose of observing bright stars in the solar neighborhood to search for transiting exoplanets. After the completion of the 2‐year nominal mission, TESS has provided 2 min cadence photometry of over 200,000 stars. This large collection of light curves opens the possibility to study the statistical and temporal properties of this ensemble of stars. Most of the currently available data pipelines are designed to work on single sector at a time. We present a new TESS data pipeline called Taranga, with the purpose of merging multi‐sector light curves, while performing a period search for all the observed stars, and stores the statistical results in a database. Taranga pipeline has three components which (a) processes the PDCSAP fluxes of each sector and creates merged PDCSAP light curve, (b) performs a similar operation on the SAP fluxes, and (c) generates the periodograms of the merged SAP and PDCSAP light curves while performing peak identification. For all the 232,122 stars observed in Short Cadence in the nominal TESS mission, we provide the merged PDCSAP and SAP light‐curves along with their periodograms. We provide a database that has the statistics of all the results produced from Taranga of these stars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine crisis on the world economy are real. However, these implications do not appear to be symmetric across countries and different economic sectors. Indeed, the consequences of these two shocks are more severe for some countries, regions and economic activities than for others. Considering the importance of the agricultural sector for global food security, it is important to understand the impacts of the pandemic and the conflict on the different dimensions of agriculture, namely land use. Given the scarcity of data for the last few years available from the various statistical databases, this research mainly considers the insights highlighted in the literature on the implications, in agricultural dimensions, of the most recent shocks. The study here presented shows that the Russia–Ukraine crisis has had more impact on land use changes than the pandemic, namely promoting adjustments in the decisions of farmers and policymakers to deal with constraints in agri-food chains. Nonetheless, the impacts of the conflict on land use were not totally explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the publication is to monitor and analyze the non-financial performance of Bulgarian enterprises from the Mining Industry - Sector B. For this purpose, a statistical database provided by NSI has been systematized in order to analyze the social parameters of the mining enterprises in Bulgaria in different dimensions. Social indicators, as the core of non-financial reporting, are in full compliance with Eurostat's statistical metrics. The presented scientific results and summaries can serve as an effective tool for assessing the risk and sustainability of enterprises from the mining industry in Bulgaria. Based on the obtained results, conclusions and recommendations to business and state institutions are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We construct a West Nile virus epidemic model that includes the interaction between the bird hosts and mosquito vectors, mosquito life stages (eggs, larvae, adults), and the dynamics of both larvicide and adulticide. We derive the basic reproduction number for the epidemic as the spectral radius of the next generation matrix. We formulate two impulsive optimal control problems which seek to balance the cost of insecticide applications (both the timing and application level) with the benefit of (1) vector control: reducing the number of mosquitoes or (2) disease control: reducing the disease burden. We reformulate these impulsive optimal control problems as nonlinear optimization problems and derive associated necessary conditions for the optimal controls. Numerical simulations are used to address three questions: How does the control and its impact on the system vary with the objective type? Is it beneficial to optimize the treatment timing? How does the control and its impact on the population vary with the type of pesticide used? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The objective of this paper is to analyze, from an inclusive epidemiological approach, the problem of current violence in our country and in Morelos, as a relational and multi-causal phenomenon that results in damage and death that are avoidable, processes that configure spaces of pain and suffering. From the analysis of two life narratives, official statistical data, journalistic notes and academic articles, some causes and effects associated with violence are identified, which have been made invisible and unattended by the authorities, evidencing the absence of effective public policies for solving this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Alcohol‐related liver disease (ARLD) is a preventable cause of mortality. Historical epidemiological studies on ARLD often lack a detailed linked assessment of health‐related contacts prior to death which limits understanding of opportunities for intervention. We aimed to analyse retrospective population‐based data of all adult residents of Nottinghamshire dying from ARLD to determine the factors associated with delayed diagnosis of ARLD and the potential missed opportunities for interventions. Methods: We linked the Office for National Statistics and Hospital Episode Statistics databases to identify adult (≥18 years) residents of Nottinghamshire, who died of ARLD over the 5‐year period (1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017). Death was used as the primary outcome, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to test the association between key variables and mortality due to ARLD. Results: Over 5 years, 799 ARLD deaths were identified. More than half had no diagnosis or a diagnosis of ARLD less than 6 months before death. Emergency presentation at first ARLD diagnosis and White ethnicity were significantly associated with a delay in diagnosis. Overall, the cohort had a median of five hospital admissions, four accident and emergency attendances and 16 outpatient appointments in the 5 years before death. Treatment was provided by a range of specialities, with general medicine the most common. Alcohol was associated with most admissions. Discussion and Conclusions: This study identified deficiencies in ARLD secondary care and provides us with a powerful methodology that can be used to evaluate and improve how alcohol issues are managed and where action can be best targeted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the literature which demonstrates the high importance of investment in creating a competitive advantage for the economy and economic growth, an analysis was made of the structure of some elements of gross fixed capital formation in the Polish economy and few selected European countries. This made it possible to identify the situation of the Polish economy over the years in terms of the structure of investment, and to attempt in answering to the question of whether the rate of accumulation of fixed capital in Poland is sufficient to close, or reduce the distance of development in relation to highly developed countries. In Poland, the leader among the sectors which absorb the largest percentage of investments remains expenditures with construction assets, and the smallest expenditure with intellectual property products. Poland is one of the countries with high GDP growth over the years. However, along with GDP growth, a decreasing trend can be seen in the sphere of investment expenditures, which does not allow for the reduction of the development gap. The methods used include an analysis of the literature, data contained in statistical databases (GUS and Eurostat) and specialized reports (PARP). The period of analysis covers the years 2004-2020 due to the fact that Poland's accession to the European Union took place in 2004, which allows for accurate international comparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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INTRODUCTION: New Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) telehealth item codes were added in 2020 to allow Australians to gain access to medical services during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. Previous studies have been conducted on the utilisation of specific MBS item codes however none have been conducted on all medical practitioner telehealth item codes. OBJECTIVE: This retrospective epidemiological analysis aims to determine the utilisation rate of newly introduced medical practitioner telehealth MBS item codes and compare them with the usage of existing in-person item codes METHODS: The utilisation of 319 MBS item codes were extracted from the Medicare Statistics Database between March 2020 to March 2021. Using count and population statistics a population adjusted rate was generated and a linear regression analysis undertaken. RESULTS: A total of 199,059,309 in-person and telehealth services (Male, n=84,007,935; 42.2%, Female, n=115,051,374; 57.8%) were utilised during the study period. 147,697,104 were in-person compared to 51,191,898 telehealth services. In-person usage decreased by 27.5% while telehealth increased by 358.8%. In-person utilisation increased by 32.4% as the year continued while the telehealth utilisation decreased by 40.7%. There was a non-significant increase in total in-person item code utilisation (p=0.76) and a non-significant decrease (p=0.32) in the total telehealth item codes used CONCLUSION: There was initially increased usage of telehealth especially during lockdown restrictions. However, when lockdowns eased, usage of telehealth decreased while in-person increased. Regardless, telehealth item codes continued to be used despite changes to eligibility criteria and lockdown restrictions easing. Hence, it appears that patients are accepting of telehealth as a healthcare delivery method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CEA is the property of Revista CEA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lower alcohols have long been the figureheads of diesel/biodiesel additives in characterizing renewable fuels. Next-generation alcohol like n-octanol occupied the reified position due to their better fuel properties. In this paper, combustion, performance and, emission of different graphene-oxide nanoparticles (nanoGO) added jatropha biodiesel, n-octanol and petrodiesel blends are investigated in a 4-stroke DI diesel engine. This article also aims to optimize the engine inputs accountable for better performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine running with nanoGO dispersed biodiesel/diesel/higher alcohol blends. Full Factorial Design-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is utilized to model the experiments using Design-Expert software to optimize engine responses. Validation of the developed model is carried out using sophisticated error and performance metrics, namely, TheilU2, Kling-Gupta Efficiency (K-G Eff), and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (N-S Eff) along with the conventional statistical database. The model optimized engine inputs of 3.898% n-Octanol, and 49.772 ppm nanoGO at 99.2% load with a desirability index of 0.997 as the optimum engine parameters. The experimental validation revealed that the model optimized blend at full load witnessed a reduction of 15.6% CO, 21.78% HC.u, and 3.26% NOx emission compared to petrodiesel. However, a slight increase in brake specific energy consumption (2.95%) is also recorded because of the lower heating value of the blend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of factors determining energy import demand of EU countries. We suggest a novel approach to study the role of renewable versus non renewable energy sources in shaping the demand for energy imports. The aim of the paper is twofold. First, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the EU energy market structure using country-by-country I–O tables to show the rate of interdependency between EU member states in terms of renewable and non renewable energy flows. Second, we investigate on the role of renewable energy sources in reducing energy dependency in EU countries. The econometric analysis uses data from 26 EU countries observed between 2007 and 2016 available from the Eurostat energy statistics database. The descriptive analysis of I–O electricity tables shows some degree of heterogeneity between countries in terms of energy in- and out-flows. Such heterogeneous market structure suggests the use of panel models in the econometric analysis. Moreover, a lasso regression method has been employed for variables selection to avoid the collinearity. The results show that benefits may arise from replacing energy imports with domestic energy production and from reducing energy dependency rate. Moreover, if import substitution occurs with domestic renewable energy sources additional positive effects are produced in terms of either energy dependency, energy security and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic became a driver for the adoption and use of information and communication technologies, as well as digitization processes in companies. With the confinement due to the risks of physical proximity, many companies saw the need and the advantage of making use of digital technologies to offer their products, reach the customer, maintain themselves and even increase their sales. Social networks enabled remote "social contact" and became other means of buying and selling, so electronic commerce became more relevant. The use of these networks to trade is becoming more frequent and with greater confidence on the part of consumers. This work deals with micro, small and medium enterprises and electronic commerce. Its objective is to identify the factors that contribute to the adoption of electronic commerce. To achieve this, an analysis of the bibliographic sources, a hemerographic search and statistical databases was carried out. Among the factors are the change in culture of the entrepreneur to invest, adopt and use digital technologies. This requires knowledge, learning, development of skills and abilities, exchange of experiences throughout the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage management in a municipality involves many entities, including owners and holders of heritage, local authorities and public administration, scientists and specialists, and non-governmental organizations. Among them, the local government is one of the most important entity due to the broad competences it has as a guardian, i.e., the owner of historic buildings, and the entity legally designated to protect heritage as a public administration body (Murzyn-Kupisz 2010, 2012; Góral 2012; Gwiazdowska 2016; Pawłowska 2016). Thus, the local government has a wide range of instruments that enable the use of various categories of heritage in local development. These instruments include: the municipal register of monuments, the creation of municipal conservation services, the program of care for monuments, municipal revitalization programs or granting subsidies for conservation work on private buildings entered in the register and included in the register of monuments. The scope of the commune's influence on heritage is not limited only to monuments, but also extends to intangible heritage, e.g., by co-financing cultural events, supporting artists, organizing museums, community centres and libraries. Such a wide range of heritage management instruments requires full cataloguing and classification, which has not been done so far. In the article, the author attempts to describe and organize the tools at the disposal of local governments, proposing their classification. At the same time, despite the possibility of using cultural heritage in local development tools of heritage management, their use is not complete, and the degree of their use varies territorially. Therefore, the author attempts to assess the actual use of these instruments by communes and to present regional differences. This part of the article will be based on a GUS survey conducted in cooperation with the National Institute of Cultural Heritage of Poland in September 2019 entitled KK-2 Report on the protection of monuments and the care of monuments in the local government. The study conducted allowed for the collection of such a rich statistical database for the protection of monuments in communes in Poland for the first time. The information obtained enables characterisation of the scope and scale of activities undertaken in communes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to use the economic mechanisms to analyse the influence of the European Union (EU) and Russia in the Western Balkan countries (WBC). A comprehensive analysis is carried out in the sense of economic indicators examination (trade, foreign direct investments, energy market analysis). Results indicate that the dominant EU influence in the WBC, induced by the strong economic impact, has been weakened due to the EU's procrastination surrounding the enlargement strategy, thus leaving plenty of room for rapid consolidation of pro-Russian tendencies and aggravation of the geopolitical component. Data were calculated on the basis of relevant statistical databases and surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expediency of forming the specialized database about industry and the system of their automated collection and usage were justified in this paper. This system allows to provide the information needs of the analysts and the scientists about the problems of industrial development. It provides the automated collection of the information for many countries of the world using any number of sources available as client-server resources on the Internet. The usage of modern data integration algorithms provides a diverse presentation of information, formats for its provision and frequency of updates. In addition, the advanced users of the system are provided with a wide range of options for creating search criteria and data acquisition format. The system is built as a client-server technology and is available for seamless integration with similar systems as a source and storage of information. In order to build a system, the analysis of existing in the world and popular in use statistical databases was carried out, their features, advantages and disadvantages were deafined. It has been established that most of the existing statistical systems do not provide statistical data for Ukraine, and where they are, there is no detail data by type of economic activity and industry, and especially in industry. In addition, there are certain technical difficulties in working with data for users, the personalization of access is almost non-existent. The possibilities of the integrating existing databases with the systems that use information for modeling and forecasting both in query mode and especially in real time are rather limited. The structure of the statistical database about the development of industry has been formed, the indicators have been selected for its filling. The indicators were distributed by the sectors of the economy (the raw material production sector, the processing sector, the macrostatistics, other sectors). The sectors were disclosed by the key types of economic activity in accordance with the classification of economic activities in 2010 (CEA-2010), providing the predominant part of the creation of the added value of the economy of Ukraine. Each specific type of economic activity is disclosed by groups of industries and industries. In addition, the formation of the statistical database was carried out on the basis of assigning to each of the indicators other characteristics necessary for the automation: code, units of measurement, period, base (distribution of the indicators into the separate groups for the possibility of modeling), source (the statistical bases and sources from which the indicators and the data were collected). The modern relational database was used to store information, which allows solving optimization issues for working with the most powerful, but not yet large data, taking into account the features of wide data, allows horizontal and vertical scaling, including in the PostgreSQL open source database system. The methodology for the formation and the technology for filling the statistical database automatically from a large number of sources, the access mode to which is set by the system configuration parameters has been created. The technology has been developed for data migrations available in flexible formats, including text, in particular Excel. The implementation of the developed automated information system integration of industrial statistics allows you to select the necessary indicators for the analysis of economic processes in industry, use the statistical data collected in a single information space for 130 countries of the world (including Ukraine) for conducting scientific researches, building economic and mathematical models and making managerial decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the determinants of cocoa export earnings in Nigeria between 1980 and 2019. Secondary data spanning between 1980 and 2019 were collected from reputable sources such as Food and Agriculture Organisation Statistical Database (FAOSTAT), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and Central bank of Nigeria (CBN). Descriptive Statistics, Augment Dickey Fuller Johnson co-integration, and vector error correction (VECM) were the analytical tools employed in the study. Results indicated that variables of the model were stationary after first difference and were co-integrated. VECM results shows that domestic production of cocoa negatively influences cocoa export earnings in the short run, while cocoa output and gross domestic product (GDP) had direct relationship with cocoa export values in the long run, but exchange and interest rates had negative effect on cocoa export values over the study period. It is concluded that domestic production, GDP, exchange and interest rates were the variables determining the cocoa export earnings over the study period. It is recommended that policy reforms on coco production and value chain, flexible exchange and a single digit interest rates would improve cocoa earnings and its contribution to GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's world is technology-oriented, and the use of mobile devices is imperative for individuals to keep pace with the modern lifestyle. This paper aims to determine the causes that formulate a consumer's choice to adopt mobile payment technology in an underdeveloped economy. Data is collected through an online questionnaire from a sample drawn from a population determined through a statistical database. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the conceptual framework with the assessment of measurement and structural model. The software used is SmartPLS version 3.0. The results of data analysis show that even in the presence of perceived security risk, customers show a tendency to engage in mobile payment systems based on strong relationships among perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness with attitude towards the use of MPS. The results point out a strong affinity for mobility, compatibility, and subjective norms in mobile technology acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Suvremena Lingvistika is the property of Suvremena Lingvistika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aims at analysing the last decade's changes regarding demographic ageing at the level of regions and the residential environment in Romania. The demographic data we worked on in the study are those from the national statistical database, Tempo-online. Births, deaths and migration generally influence the dynamics of demographic ageing. However, a more critical role at the regional level, compared to the one identified at the international level, is played by migration, a result deduced based on linear regression equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Case reports and small series indicate that Achromobacter species bloodstream infection (BSI) is most commonly a complication of hospitalization among patients with chronic lung disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of Achromobacter sp. BSI in an Australian population. Methods: Retrospective, laboratory-based surveillance was conducted in Queensland, Australia (population ≈ 5 million) during 2000–2019. Clinical and outcome data were obtained by linkage to state hospital admissions and vital statistics databases. BSI diagnosed within the community or within the first two calendar days of stay in hospital were classified as community-onset. Community-onset BSIs were grouped into community-associated and healthcare-associated. Results: During more than 86 million person-years of surveillance, 210 incidents of Achromobacter sp. BSI occurred among 195 individuals for an overall age-and sex-standardized annual incidence of 2.6 per million residents. Older individuals and males were at highest risk (2.9 vs. 2.0 per million, IRR for males 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1–1.9; p = 0.008). Most (153; 73%) cases were of community-onset of which 100 (48%) and 53 (25%) were healthcare- and community-associated, respectively. An increasing proportion of community-onset cases were observed during twenty years of surveillance. Underlying medical illnesses were common with median (interquartile range) Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores of 3 (1–5). CCI scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3+ were observed in 37 (18%), 27 (13%), 40 (19%), and 105 (50%) of cases, respectively. All but one of the cases were admitted to hospital for a median (interquartile range) length of stay of 12 (5–34) days. All-cause case–fatality rates in hospital by day 30 and by day 90 were 30 (14%), 28 (13%), and 42 (20%), respectively. The 90-day case–fatality rate increased with increasing comorbidity and was 3% (1/37), 11% (3/27), 25% (10/40), and 27% (28/105) among those with Charlson Comorbidity Indices of 0, 1, 2, and 3+, respectively (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Although comorbidity is an important determinant of risk, most Achromobacter sp. BSI are of community-onset and one-fifth of cases occur in patients without significant underlying chronic co-morbidities. This study highlights the value of population-based methodologies to define the epidemiology of an infectious disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Western Balkan countries’ economic growth and development largely depend on the integration of national economies into international trade flows. Bearing in mind the expanding presence of China in the Western Balkans and the considerable increase in bilateral trade over the previous decade, it is of great importance to focus on the strategies for overcoming main challenges and fostering more balanced trade in the forthcoming period. Regarding that, the main aim of the research was to analyze trade flows and patterns and investigate the trade intensity between the Western Balkan countries and China. Furthermore, the research attempted to determine the main challenges and to consider the strategic approach to their overwhelming, including better exploiting the opportunities provided by trade cooperation with China in the rapidly changing global environment. The paper used desk research - a descriptive analysis of data on merchandise trade between six Western Balkans countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, North Macedonia, and Serbia) and China. The analysis was based on the data available in the UN Comtrade Trade Map, and WTO statistical databases for the period 2016-2021. In addition, the Trade intensity index (TTI) was also used in the paper in order to discover how intensively the Western Balkan countries were trading with China. However, despite the rapid trade growth with China, its share in the WB countries' total trade remains at a relatively low level of about 8%. The trade deficit also increased significantly, indicating a deepening of the asymmetry in the economic relations of the observed countries. Although the trade intensity index (TII) also confirms the deepening of trade relations, the TII value of 0.24 in 2021 indicates that trade between the Western Balkans and China is not developed at a desirable level, and there is considerable room for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the analysis of dimensions, the generalized method of designing rational modes of multiple drawing of wire with dry soapy technological lubricant is improved theoretically and experimentally, taking into account the friction mode in the drawers, other process parameters and determining the acceptable multiplicity of metal flow deformation in the mill. An algorithm is developed for calculating the rational number of rods passes through the dies during flow drawing, the use of which allows, in its implementation in practice, to ensure the stability of the technological process with the absence of wire breaks with the minimum necessary (optimal) number of metal deformation cycles and the corresponding energy consumption. The obtained results are consistent with the practice of industrial drawing with the use of dry technological lubricants on a soap base and can be used in the development of new ones and in checking the rationality of existing technological drawing processes. In the future, it is advisable to develop a program for automatic calculation according to the above algorithm for the rational number of passes during dry drawing, as well as use the presented approach to expand the initial statistical database, taking into account the properties of other steel grades that are deformed in the processes of dry and wet drawing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis for history’s biggest nuclear accidents consequences, at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and Fukushima-Daihichi NPP, identified various radiation dose loads on liquidators, civilians and environment. Predicting the radiation subsequent effects on biological and ecological objects depends both on the radiation loads range and various other factors not related directly to the accidents’ radiation consequences. The analysis of stochastic approaches to predicting the radiation impact revealed their limited applicability cause of sufficiently adequate and substantiated statistical databases about the accidents-produced radiation doses negative effects. The analysis of deterministic methods to predicting that impact determined their limitation due to significant quantitative and qualitative discrepancies between methods caused by the difference in neutron-physical “dose − effect” models and those methods experimental verification conditions difference. To predict the NPP accidents radiation impact, important is to develop an alternative risk-oriented approach based on the integrated use of stochastic and deterministic methods, taking into account their applicability limitations. The unacceptable negative event “upper” limit probability area depending on the radiation doses from the accidents, is determined by stochastic methods, and the “lower” limit probability area is determined by deterministic ones. Such event probability maximum value is determined by the maximum allowed dose at radiation sickness onset. The obtained results can serve in a basis for objective assessments of civilians informing about the consequences of radiation accidents at NPPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purchase of goods or the contracting of works or services by one or more public authorities from selected economic operators is referred to as public procurement. They are vitally important for ensuring the normal functioning of public mechanisms, but they are also of great importance for the country's economy. In order to prepare this work, the views of different experts from several countries, as well as the official legal and statistical databases, were researched. In international financial practice, methodologies for determining the sustainability of public finances have been developed, which are applicable for determining the sustainability of public procurement. In essence, it is the methodology intended to determine the capacity of the public administration in the country to honor the financial commitments assumed by contracting the purchases of goods, work, and services. The application of the given methodology allowed the development of certain conclusions regarding the sustainability of public procurement in the Republic of Moldova. In the short term, this can be seen as normal. But in the conditions of the current economic and financial crisis, the long-term prospects remain uncertain. Also, as a threat to the sustainability of public procurement in the Republic of Moldova, the high level of corruption remains, which requires the continuation of activities to maintain the transparency of public procurement and those related to the prevention of corruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contraction in the geographic range of Texas Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) has long been suspected but not definitively examined. Contraction of a species' geographic range occurs through extirpation of local populations and thus might often be an early warning sign of further endangerment of the species. As such, there is a need to identify species distributional databases and develop statistical procedures for testing for range contraction. We developed a method based on regression and data randomization and then applied the method to museum (VertNet) and citizen-science (iNaturalist) data compiled for Texas Horned Lizards spanning the time period 1960–2019. The regression analysis examined whether distances between observations and the range center had decreased or increased over time. Decreases in distances could indirectly indicate range contraction, whereas increases could indicate range expansion. We conducted separate regressions for the four directional quadrants to assess the directionality of range change. Distance to VertNet observations in the eastern and western quadrants declined (P < 0.05) between 1960 and 2019, at rates of 4.4 and 1.5 km per year, respectively. The iNaturalist data (2000–2019) did not reveal significant declines in any of the quadrants. Further analyses indicated that these results were generally robust to the exact estimation (placement) of the historic range center. Our analysis provides the first quantitative assessment and test of contraction in the range of P. cornutum. Our method also demonstrates the utility of using museum and citizen-science data to monitor spatial distribution in other species that may be undergoing range contraction, although analyses must recognize inherent limitations of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Big data and data analysis methods and models are important tools in food security (FS) studies for gap analysis and preparation of appropriate analytical frameworks. These innovations necessitate the development of novel methods for col- lecting, storing, processing, and extracting data. Methodology. The primary goal of this study was to conduct a critical review of agricultural big data and methods and models used for FS studies published in peer-reviewed journals since 2010. Approximately 130 articles were selected for full content review after the pre-screening process. Results. There are different sources of data collection, including but not limited to online databases, the internet, omics, Internet of Things, social media, survey rounds, remote sensing, and the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. The collected data require analysis (i.e., mining, neural networks, Bayesian networks, and other ML algorithms) before data visualization using Python, R, Circos, Gephi, Tableau, or Cytoscape. Approximately 122 models, all of which were used in FS studies worldwide, were selected from 130 articles. However, most of these models addressed only one or two dimensions of FS (i.e., availability and access) and ignored the other dimensions (i.e., stability and utilization), creating a gap in the global context. Conclusions. There are certain FS gaps both worldwide and in the United Arab Emi- rates that need to be addressed by scientists and policymakers. Following the identifi- cation of the drivers, policies, and indicators, the findings of this review could be used to develop an appropriate analytical framework for FS and nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Statistician / Wiadomości Statystyczne is the property of State Treasury - Statistics Poland and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)