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A seriesof novel (E)-N-aryl-2-arylethenesulfonamides(6) were synthesized and evaluated for their anticanceractivity. Some of the compounds in this series showed potent cytotoxicityagainst a wide spectrum of cancer cell-lines (IC50valuesranging from 5 to 10 nM) including all drug resistant cell-lines.Nude mice xenograft assays with compound (E)-N-(3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2′,4′,6′-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenesulfonamide(6t) showed dramatic reduction in tumor size, indicatingtheir in vivo potential as anticancer agents. A preliminary drug developmentstudy with compound 6tis predicted to have increasedblood–brain barrier permeability relative to many clinicallyused antimitotic agents. Mechanistic studies indicate that 6tand some other analogues disrupted microtubule formation, formationof mitotic spindles, and arrest of cells in mitotic phase. Compound 6tinhibited purified tubulin polymerization in vitro andin vivo and circumvented drug resistance mediated by P-glycoprotein.Compound 6tspecifically competed with colchicine bindingto tubulin and with similar avidity as podophylltoxin, indicatingits binding site on tubulin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orthodontic anterior intrusion for correcting deep bites often constitutes an integral part of orthodontic treatment in order to improve sagittal and vertical incisor relationships, in cases of pseudo-deep overbite, where the anteriors are supraerrupted true intrusion of the incisors is indicated and also in patients with gummy smiles and periodontal compromised teeth to correct the gingival line and restore the esthetics of smile. Intrusion is mainely achived by use of verious loop mechnices or implant mechanics or differiantial force concept given by beggs.In this artical different mechanics for intrusion in beggs technique and PEA technique are mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a silicon nanocrystal-silicon nitride hybrid single transistor cell for potential dynamic RAM (DRAM) applications that stores charge in silicon nanocrystals or a silicon nitride charge trapping layer or both. The memory operates in the direct tunneling regime for the tunnel oxide and so presents the possibility of a DRAM with good cycling endurance. The silicon nanocrystals of this hybrid device present intermediate states that facilitate tunneling transport to and from the nitride layer. Short time measurements show that the hybrid silicon nanocrystal silicon nitride based DRAM cell programs and erases much faster than a plain SONOS implementation while offering better data retention, memory signal and longer refresh time than a silicon nanocrystal type DRAM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The pathological and clinical features of 17 cases of malignant lymphoma of testis seen at Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, from the year 1941 through 1972 are presented. Malignant lymphoma accounts for 3-8 % of 445 histologically proved cases of testicular malignancies in our material. The material has been divided into 3 groups: (i) Testicular tumour as the only manifestation throughout the course of the disease (3 cases); (ii) Testicular tumour followed by dissemination during the course of the disease (12 cases); (iii) Testicular tumour following generalised lymphoma (2 cases). Bilateral testicular tumours are rare but when they do occur malignant lymphoma accounts for the larger number of cases. Of 4 bilateral testicular tumours found in the total number of 445 testicular malignancies 3 belonged to malignant lymphoma group. The maximum number of patients (14) were between the ages of 40 and 68 years. Two cases of lymphoma occurred in patients aged 5 years and 16 years respectively. Malignant lymphoma of testis is a disease with a poor prognosis. The majority of the patients died within a year following orchidectomy. One patient is alive and free from disease for 5 years and 6 months after orchidectomy. Hodgkin's disease of the testis is very rarely reported. We have seen 2 cases in our material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The short-channel effects (SCEs) of planar bulk and fully depleted finFET devices have been compared using the same junction overlap and lateral gradient, and it is shown that, for finFET devices, a significant component of electrostatic control arises from a naturally present shallow extension junction. When such shallow junctions are applied to a bulk device, we show that the SCE becomes comparable to that of a finFET. Furthermore, we show that, if an embedded source/drain stressor is incorporated in a bulk device, it will not degrade the short-channel benefit of the ultrashallow junctions. The ability to span a wide power/performance range by doping and the improvement in SCEs by the use of ultrashallow extension junctions can potentially extend the life of bulk-type technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Context: Pediatric cataract surgery is traditionally done with the aid of high-molecular-weight viscoelastics which are expensive. It needs to be determined if low-cost substitutes are just as successful. Aims: The study aims to determine the success rates for anterior and posterior capsulorrhexis and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the bag for pediatric cataract surgery performed with the aid of a low-molecular-weight viscoelastic. Settings and Design: Nonrandomized observational study. Materials and Methods: Children less than 6 years of age who underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation in the period May 2008-May 2009 were included. The surgeries were done by pediatric ophthalmology fellows. A standard procedure of anterior capsulorrhexis, lens aspiration with primary posterior capsulorrhexis, anterior vitrectomy, and IOL implantation was followed. Three parameters were studied: successful completion of anterior and posterior capsulorrhexis and IOL implantation in the bag. Results: 33 eyes of 28 children were studied. The success rate for completion was 66.7% and 88.2 % for anterior and posterior capsulorrhexis, respectively. IOL implantation in the bag was successful in 87.9%. Conclusions: 2% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose is a viable low-cost alternative to more expensive options similar to high-molecular-weight viscoelastics. This is of great relevance to hospitals in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, is a rare autosomal dominant disorder manifested by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and arteriovenous malformations of various organ systems. We present a case of Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome with 11 affected members in her family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films were grown on SrTiO3 buffered (100)-MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The microstructure of the SrTiO3 layers was varied by changing the growth parameters and thickness. The surface morphology of the layers was characterized by atomic force microscopy. Stripline microwave resonators were fabricated from the films, and the resonator characteristics were measured. The microwave loss in the YBCO was found to correlate to SrTiO3 grain size. © 1996 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, is a rare autosomal dominant disorder manifested by telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes and arteriovenous malformations of various organ systems. We present a case of Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome with 11 affected members in her family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabricating nanofibrous scaffolds with robust blood compatibility remains an unmet challenge for cardiovascular applications since anti-thrombogenic surface coatings did not withstand physiological shear force. Hence, the present study envisages the influence of smooth and porous topographies of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers on hemocompatibility as it could offer time-independent blood compatibility. Further, recent studies have evolved to integrate various contrasting agents for augmenting the prognostic properties of tissue engineered scaffolds; an attempt was also made to synthesize Curcumin-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle complex (Cur-SPION) as a contrasting agent and impregnated into PLA nanofibers for evaluating the blood compatibility. Herein, electrospun nanofibers of PLA with different topographies (smooth and porous) were fabricated and characterized for surface morphology, zeta potential, fluorescence, and crystallinity. The scaffolds with smooth, porous and rough surface topographies were thoroughly investigated for its hemocompatibility by evaluating hemolysis percentage, platelet adhesion, in vitro kinetic clotting time, serum protein adsorption, plasma recalcification time (PRT), capture and release of erythrocytes. Although the nanofibers of all three groups showed acceptable hemolytic percentage (HP < 5%), the adhered RBCs on Cur-SPION based fibers undergo morphological transformation from biconcave discocytes to echinocytes with cube-like protrusions. On the contrary, no morphological changes were observed in RBCs cultured on smooth and porous nanofibers. Porous fibers exhibited excellent anti-thrombogenic property and adhered lesser platelets and maintained the discoidal morphology of native platelets. Cur-SPION integrated PLA nanofibers showed inactivated platelets with anti-thrombogenic activity compared to smooth nanofibers. In conclusion, PLA nanofibers porous topography did not affect the RBC membrane integrity and maintained discoidal morphology of platelets with superior anti-thrombogenic activity. However, smooth and Cur-SPION integrated PLA nanofibers were found to activate the platelets and deform the RBC membrane integrity, respectively. Hence, the nanofibers with porous structures provide an ideal topography for time-independent hemocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of Review: To review the landmark studies in predicting obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic patients with stable chest pain and identify better prediction tools and propose a simplified algorithm to guide the health care providers in identifying low risk patients to defer further testing.Recent Findings: There are a few risk prediction models described for stable chest pain patients including Diamond-Forrester (DF), Duke Clinical Score (DCS), CAD Consortium Basic, Clinical, and Extended models. The CAD Consortium models demonstrated that DF and DCS models overestimate the probability of CAD. All CAD Consortium models performed well in the contemporary population. PROMISE trial secondary data results showed that a clinical tool using readily available ten very low-risk pre-test variables could discriminate low-risk patients to defer further testing safely.Summary: In the contemporary population, CAD Consortium Basic or Clinical model could be used with more confidence. Our proposed simple algorithm would guide the physicians in selecting low risk patients who can be managed conservatively with deferred testing strategy. Future research is needed to validate our proposed algorithm to identify the low-risk patients with stable chest pain for whom further testing may not be warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have studied the oxidation of Si nanocrystals as a function of oxidizing ambient, temperature, time, and initial nanocrystal size using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy. Thicker oxide shells are obtained by oxidation in O[sub 2] ambient compared with NO ambient. Oxidation in O[sub 2] is observed to be self-limiting at temperatures below the viscoelastic temperature of SiO[sub 2] because of compressive stress normal to the SiO[sub 2]/Si interface, which retards the surface oxidation rate. Oxidation in NO also results in self-limiting oxidation due to the incorporation of N at the Si/SiO[sub x] interface. This N-rich interfacial layer acts as an effective barrier against oxidant diffusion and also blocks the reaction sites on the Si surface. Therefore, NO oxidation is successful in slowing further oxidation of Si cores, even in a severe oxidizing ambient such as O[sub 2] at 1050 °C. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concepts underlying a theoretical treatment of the vibrational energy relaxation (VER) time T1 of a solute normal mode in a molecular solvent are summarized, and results for T1, valid for VER processes mediated by vibrational–translational–rotational energy transfer, obtained from this treatment are presented. These results are based on the formula T1=βTR-1(ωl), where βTR(ω) is the translational–rotational branch of the friction kernel of the normal mode and where ωl is its liquid phase frequency. βTR(ω) is evaluated as the cosine transform of the autocorrelation function 〈F(t)F〉0 of the fluctuating generalized force exerted by the solvent on the solute normal mode coordinate conditional that this coordinate is fixed at its equilibrium value and that all solvent molecules are constrained to have their equilibrium geometries. The Gaussian model is utilized to evaluate 〈FF(t)F〉0 and molecular level expressions for ωl and for the Gaussian model parameters are presented for the infinitely dilute diatomic solution. The expressions involve site density integrals over the coordinates of a single solvent atomic site and over the coordinates of a pair of solvent atomic sites located on the same molecule. The results permit the evaluation of T1 in terms of the atomic masses and gas phase bondlengths of the solute and the solvent molecules, the solute gas phase vibrational frequency, the solute–solvent site–site interaction potentials, and specified equilibrium site–site pair correlation functions of the liquid solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents cases of patients with Burkholderia keratitis who were presented at a tertiary eye-care center in India between 2006 and 2008. The patients complained of watering of the eye, eye redness, and eye pain. Burkholderia is associated with several diseases including urinary-tract infection, sepsis, and pneumonia. The treatment given to the patients is discussed.

A letter to the editor is presented on how to reduce the risk of contamination in postoperative endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty.

A letter to the editor is presented entitled "Staining of filtering bleb with trypan blue during phacoemulsification," published within the issue.