Search

Your search keyword '"Mullan B"' showing total 800 results
Start Over Author "Mullan B"
800 results on '"Mullan B"'

170. Vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids independently attenuate plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 in Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-challenged growing-finishing pigs.

Author

Upadhaya, S. D., Kim, J. C., Mullan, B. P., Pluske, J. R., and Kim, I. H.

Subjects
DINOPROSTONE, ESCHERICHIA coli, LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, VITAMIN E, LINSEED oil, LEUCOCYTES
Abstract

This study tested the hypothesis that vitamin E (Vit E) and omega-3 fatty acids will additively attenuate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE2 in immune system-stimulated growing-finishing pigs. A total of 80 mixed sex pigs weighing 50.7 ± 0.76 kg (mean ± SE) were blocked and stratified based on sex and BW to a 2 × 2 factorial design with the respective factors being 1) without and with 300 IU Vit E and 2) without and with 25% replacement of tallow to linseed oil as a source of n-3 fatty acids. Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens with 5 pigs (3 barrows and 2 gilts) per pen. All pigs were challenged with an intramuscular injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; O111:B4) twice weekly over the 6-wk experiment. After LPS challenge, pigs fed a diet supplemented with n-3 fatty acids had fewer (P < 0.05) white blood cells and tended to show both a reduced (P < 0.10) proportion of lymphocytes and IgG concentration compared with pigs fed a diet without any supplements. Supplementation of n-3 fatty acids reduced (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) serum concentrations of cortisol and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), respectively. The serum concentration of PGE2 was decreased (P < 0.05) with supplementation of both Vit E and n-3 fatty acids; however, the extent of the reduction was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed an n-3 fatty acid-supplemented diet. However, there were no additive effects of the combined supplementation of Vit E and n-3 fatty acids on serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE2. The results suggest that n-3 fatty acids independently attenuate production of TNF-α and PGE2 in immune system-stimulated growing-finishing pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

174. The unprecedented optical outburst of the quasar 3C 454.3

Author

Villata, M., primary, Raiteri, C. M., additional, Balonek, T. J., additional, Aller, M. F., additional, Jorstad, S. G., additional, Kurtanidze, O. M., additional, Nicastro, F., additional, Nilsson, K., additional, Aller, H. D., additional, Arai, A., additional, Arkharov, A., additional, Bach, U., additional, Benítez, E., additional, Berdyugin, A., additional, Buemi, C. S., additional, Böttcher, M., additional, Carosati, D., additional, Casas, R., additional, Caulet, A., additional, Chen, W. P., additional, Chiang, P.-S., additional, Chou, Y., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Coloma, J. M., additional, Di Rico, G., additional, Díaz, C., additional, Efimova, N. V., additional, Forsyth, C., additional, Frasca, A., additional, Fuhrmann, L., additional, Gadway, B., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Hagen-Thorn, V. A., additional, Harvey, J., additional, Heidt, J., additional, Hernandez-Toledo, H., additional, Hroch, F., additional, Hu, C.-P., additional, Hudec, R., additional, Ibrahimov, M. A., additional, Imada, A., additional, Kamata, M., additional, Kato, T., additional, Katsuura, M., additional, Konstantinova, T., additional, Kopatskaya, E., additional, Kotaka, D., additional, Kovalev, Y. Y., additional, Kovalev, Yu. A., additional, Krichbaum, T. P., additional, Kubota, K., additional, Kurosaki, M., additional, Lanteri, L., additional, Larionov, V. M., additional, Larionova, L., additional, Laurikainen, E., additional, Lee, C.-U., additional, Leto, P., additional, Lähteenmäki, A., additional, López-Cruz, O., additional, Marilli, E., additional, Marscher, A. P., additional, McHardy, I. M., additional, Mondal, S., additional, Mullan, B., additional, Napoleone, N., additional, Nikolashvili, M. G., additional, Ohlert, J. M., additional, Postnikov, S., additional, Pursimo, T., additional, Ragni, M., additional, Ros, J. A., additional, Sadakane, K., additional, Sadun, A. C., additional, Savolainen, T., additional, Sergeeva, E. A., additional, Sigua, L. A., additional, Sillanpää, A., additional, Sixtova, L., additional, Sumitomo, N., additional, Takalo, L. O., additional, Teräsranta, H., additional, Tornikoski, M., additional, Trigilio, C., additional, Umana, G., additional, Volvach, A., additional, Voss, B., additional, and Wortel, S., additional

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

188. Antioxidants for the Treatment of Endothelial Dysfunction in Critical Illness.

Author

Vincent, Jean-Louis, Mullan, B., Duffy, M., and McAuley, D.

Abstract

Before 1980, the endothelium was considered to be an inert hemostatic barrier. Furchgott and Zawadzki were the first to demonstrate the necessity of the vascular endothelium for vasodilatation to acetylcholine [1]. If the vascular endothelium was removed, the blood vessel failed to relax in response to acetylcholine, but still responded to glyceryl trinitrate. This endothelium-dependent vaso dilatation is mediated by an endogenous mediator, initially named endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), but which was subsequently identified as nitric oxide (NO). From this discovery a new era of endothelial research developed. The endothelium is now known to have a key role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. It actively regulates vascular tone, platelet aggregation, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and leukocyte activation [2]. Endothelial function is impaired in critical illness and may be important in the pathophysiology of multiple organ failure (MOF) [3]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

197. Effect of feed restriction and initial body weight on growth performance, body composition, and hormones in male pigs immunized against gonadotropin-releasing factor12

Author

Moore, K. L., Mullan, B. P., Kim, J. C., Payne, H. G., and Dunshea, F. R.

Abstract

Pigs immunized against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) have increased carcass fatness compared to entire males; however, the timing of this increase in fatness after the second immunization against GnRF has not been determined. An experiment was conducted to identify and compare the growth performance, body composition, and physiological changes in immunocastrated males (IC males) at different BW and feeding levels. A total of 64 pigs were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with the treatments being 1) sex (entire males or IC males), 2) initial BW (45.9 kg [light] or 78.3 kg [heavy]), and 3) feeding regime (2.5 times maintenance [restricted] or ad libitum). The pigs were individually housed, and the diets were fed for 4 wk after the second immunization against GnRF until slaughter at either 68.4 kg BW (light) or 105.8 kg BW (heavy). Immunocastrated males on a restricted feed intake had a lower ADG compared to entire males from d 15 to 28 and d 0 to 28 (P =0.011 and P =0.011, respectively). Fat deposition was not affected by sex from d 0 to 14, but from d 15 to 28 IC males deposited 45 g/d more fat than entire males (P= 0.025). Immunocastrated male pigs fed ad libitum deposited 87 g/d more fat from d 15 to 28 than entire males fed ad libitum (P= 0.036). However, there was no difference in fat deposition between IC males and entire males when feed intake was restricted from d 15 to 28. Plasma urea nitrogen levels were greater in IC males compared to entire males from d 7 after the second immunization against GnRF (P <0.05 for d 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28). Plasma concentrations of IGF-1 were lower for IC males compared to entire males on d 3, 7, 10, and 28 (P <0.05 for all days). The following conclusions were made: 1) when pigs are immunized at a light BW (50 kg) and/or are on a restricted feed intake, they have a reduced propensity to deposit fat; however, the restriction in feed intake adversely affects growth rate. 2) The majority of fat deposition for males immunized at heavy BW (80 kg) occurs from d 15 to 28 after the second immunization against GnRF.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

198. Standardized ileal digestible lysine requirements of male pigs immunized against gonadotrophin releasing factor1

Author

Moore, K. L., Mullan, B. P., Kim, J. C., and Dunshea, F. R.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys requirement of entire male and male pigs immunized against gonadotrophin releasing factor (GnRF; immunocastrates). A total of 420 entire male and immunocastrated (IC) male pigs weighing 60.1 kg BW (SEM 0.49) were used in a 2 × 5 factorial experiment with the main effects being gender (entire males or IC males) and 5 concentrations of SID Lys:DE ratio (0.32, 0.43, 0.54, 0.64, or 0.75 g SID Lys/MJ DE). The diets were fed for 6 wk until slaughter at 107.5 kg BW (SEM 5.72). Over the entire period, IC males had a greater ADG (P< 0.001), greater ADFI (P< 0.001), and lower G:F (P< 0.001) compared with entire males. Immunocastrated males had increased plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations compared with entire males from d 10 to 42 (P< 0.001 for all days). Plasma urea nitrogen concentration also increased as Lys concentrations increased from d 3 to 42 (P< 0.001 for all days). Using the linear-plateau model, the optimal ADG for entire males was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.68, 0.62, 0.54, and 0.58 g/MJ DE whereas optimal G:F was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.72, 0.60, 0.54, and 0.51 g/MJ DE for the time periods d 0 to 14, d 15 to 28, d 29 to 42, and d 0 to 42, respectively. For IC males, optimal ADG was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.64, 0.43, 0.38, and 0.40 g/MJ DE whereas optimal G:F was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.64, 0.43, 0.36, and 0.42 g/MJ DE for the same respective time periods. Using the quadratic polynomial model, maximum ADG for entire males was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.62 and 0.58 g/MJ DE whereas maximum G:F was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.59 and 0.68 g/MJ DE for d 29 to 42 and d 0 to 42, respectively. For IC pigs, maximum ADG was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.69, 0.54, and 0.64 g/MJ DE whereas maximum G:F was achieved at SID Lys concentrations of 0.81, 0.54, and 0.64 g/MJ DE for d 0 to 14, d 29 to 42, and d 0 to 42, respectively. A solution could not be found using the quadratic polynomial model for entire males for d 0 to 14 for both ADG and G:F and for both entire males and IC males for d 15 to 28 within the range of Lys values tested. When both the growth performance and PUN values are considered, the results suggest that IC males show a response to dietary SID Lys similar to that of entire males for 2 wk after the second immunization against GnRF. After this, IC males have a lower requirement for SID Lys than entire males.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results