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152. Zearalenone-16-O-glucoside: A New Masked Mycotoxin

Author

Kovalsky Paris, Maria Paula, primary, Schweiger, Wolfgang, additional, Hametner, Christian, additional, Stückler, Romana, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Varga, Elisabeth, additional, Krska, Rudolf, additional, Berthiller, Franz, additional, and Adam, Gerhard, additional

Published
2014
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153. Distribution, functional impact, and origin mechanisms of copy number variation in the barley genome

Author

Muñoz-Amatriaín, María, Eichten, Steven R, Wicker, Thomas, Richmond, Todd A, Mascher, Martin, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Scholz, Uwe, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, Spannagl, Manuel, Nussbaumer, Thomas, Mayer, Klaus FX, Taudien, Stefan, Platzer, Matthias, Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A, Springer, Nathan M, Muehlbauer, Gary J, Stein, Nils, Muñoz-Amatriaín, María, Eichten, Steven R, Wicker, Thomas, Richmond, Todd A, Mascher, Martin, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Scholz, Uwe, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, Spannagl, Manuel, Nussbaumer, Thomas, Mayer, Klaus FX, Taudien, Stefan, Platzer, Matthias, Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A, Springer, Nathan M, Muehlbauer, Gary J, and Stein, Nils

Abstract

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence for the prevalence of copy number variation (CNV) and its role in phenotypic variation in many eukaryotic species. Here we use array comparative genomic hybridization to explore the extent of this type of structural variation in domesticated barley cultivars and wild barleys. RESULTS A collection of 14 barley genotypes including eight cultivars and six wild barleys were used for comparative genomic hybridization. CNV affects 14.9% of all the sequences that were assessed. Higher levels of CNV diversity are present in the wild accessions relative to cultivated barley. CNVs are enriched near the ends of all chromosomes except 4H, which exhibits the lowest frequency of CNVs. CNV affects 9.5% of the coding sequences represented on the array and the genes affected by CNV are enriched for sequences annotated as disease-resistance proteins and protein kinases. Sequence-based comparisons of CNV between cultivars Barke and Morex provided evidence that DNA repair mechanisms of double-strand breaks via single-stranded annealing and synthesis-dependent strand annealing play an important role in the origin of CNV in barley. CONCLUSIONS We present the first catalog of CNVs in a diploid Triticeae species, which opens the door for future genome diversity research in a tribe that comprises the economically important cereal species wheat, barley, and rye. Our findings constitute a valuable resource for the identification of CNV affecting genes of agronomic importance. We also identify potential mechanisms that can generate variation in copy number in plant genomes.

Published
2013

154. INTERMEDIUM-C, a modifier of lateral spikelet fertility in barley, is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1

Author

Ramsay, Luke, Comadran, Jordi, Druka, Arnis, Marshall, David F., Thomas, William T.B., Macaulay, Malcolm, MacKenzie, Katrin, Simpson, Craig, Fuller, John, Bonar, Nicola, Hayes, Patrick M., Lundqvist, Udda, Franckowiak, Jerome D., Close, Timothy J., Muehlbauer, Gary J., Waugh, Robbie, Ramsay, Luke, Comadran, Jordi, Druka, Arnis, Marshall, David F., Thomas, William T.B., Macaulay, Malcolm, MacKenzie, Katrin, Simpson, Craig, Fuller, John, Bonar, Nicola, Hayes, Patrick M., Lundqvist, Udda, Franckowiak, Jerome D., Close, Timothy J., Muehlbauer, Gary J., and Waugh, Robbie

Abstract

The domestication of cereals has involved common changes in morphological features, such as seed size, seed retention and modification of vegetative and inflorescence architecture that ultimately contributed to an increase in harvested yield1. In barley, this process has resulted in two different cultivated types, two-rowed and six-rowed forms, both derived from the wild two-rowed ancestor, with archaeo-botanical evidence indicating the origin of six-rowed barley early in the domestication of the species, some 8,600–8,000 years ago2. Variation at SIX-ROWED SPIKE 1 (VRS1) is sufficient to control this phenotype. However, phenotypes imposed by VRS1 alleles are modified by alleles at the INTERMEDIUM-C (INT-C) locus. Here we show that INT-C is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1 (TB1) and identify 17 coding mutations in barley TB1 correlated with lateral spikelet fertility phenotypes.

Published
2011

155. Coupling ESTs, SNPs, BACs, Mapping Population, Flow-Sorting And Synteny To Access The Barley Genome

Author

Close, Timothy J., Lonardi, Stefano, Luo, MingCheng, Dolozel, Jaroslav, Baht, Prasanna, Madishetty, Kavitha, Svensson, Jan Tommy, Zheng, Jie, Wu, Yonghui, Bozdag, Serdar, Resnik, Josh, Wanamaker, Steve, Fenton, Raymond D., Moscou, Matthew, Condamine, Pascal, Rodriguez, Edmundo L., Roose, Mikeal L., Ma, Yaqin, You, Frank, Bartos, Jan, Simkova, Hana, Rostoks, Nils, Ramsay, Luke, Marshall, David F., Waugh, Robbie, Stein, Nils, Graner, Andreas, Varshney, Rajeev, Sato, Kazuhiro, Wing, Rod, Schulman, Alan, Muehlbauer, Gary J., Kleinhofs, Andris, Langridge, Peter, Atkins, Michael, Wise, Roger, Hayes, Patrick, DeYoung, Joseph, Mammadov, Jafar, Maroof, Saghai, Feuillet, Catherine, Laurie, David, Sutton, Tim, Collins, Nicholas C., Feiz, Leila, Blake, Thomas, Falk, Anders, Cooper, Lol, Dilbirligi, Muharrem, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Lemaux, Peggy, Gustafson, J Perry, Szucs, Peter, Bilgic, Hatice, Morell, Peter L., Steffenson, Brian, Close, Timothy J., Lonardi, Stefano, Luo, MingCheng, Dolozel, Jaroslav, Baht, Prasanna, Madishetty, Kavitha, Svensson, Jan Tommy, Zheng, Jie, Wu, Yonghui, Bozdag, Serdar, Resnik, Josh, Wanamaker, Steve, Fenton, Raymond D., Moscou, Matthew, Condamine, Pascal, Rodriguez, Edmundo L., Roose, Mikeal L., Ma, Yaqin, You, Frank, Bartos, Jan, Simkova, Hana, Rostoks, Nils, Ramsay, Luke, Marshall, David F., Waugh, Robbie, Stein, Nils, Graner, Andreas, Varshney, Rajeev, Sato, Kazuhiro, Wing, Rod, Schulman, Alan, Muehlbauer, Gary J., Kleinhofs, Andris, Langridge, Peter, Atkins, Michael, Wise, Roger, Hayes, Patrick, DeYoung, Joseph, Mammadov, Jafar, Maroof, Saghai, Feuillet, Catherine, Laurie, David, Sutton, Tim, Collins, Nicholas C., Feiz, Leila, Blake, Thomas, Falk, Anders, Cooper, Lol, Dilbirligi, Muharrem, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Lemaux, Peggy, Gustafson, J Perry, Szucs, Peter, Bilgic, Hatice, Morell, Peter L., and Steffenson, Brian

Published
2010

156. A Sequence-Ready Physical Map of Barley Anchored Genetically by Two Million Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms

Author

Ariyadasa, Ruvini, primary, Mascher, Martin, additional, Nussbaumer, Thomas, additional, Schulte, Daniela, additional, Frenkel, Zeev, additional, Poursarebani, Naser, additional, Zhou, Ruonan, additional, Steuernagel, Burkhard, additional, Gundlach, Heidrun, additional, Taudien, Stefan, additional, Felder, Marius, additional, Platzer, Matthias, additional, Himmelbach, Axel, additional, Schmutzer, Thomas, additional, Hedley, Pete E., additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Scholz, Uwe, additional, Korol, Abraham, additional, Mayer, Klaus F.X., additional, Waugh, Robbie, additional, Langridge, Peter, additional, Graner, Andreas, additional, and Stein, Nils, additional

Published
2013
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157. Transcriptomic characterization of two majorF usariumresistance quantitative trait loci ( QTL s),F hb1andQ fhs.ifa‐ 5A, identifies novel candidate genes

Author

Schweiger, Wolfgang, primary, Steiner, Barbara, additional, Ametz, Christian, additional, Siegwart, Gerald, additional, Wiesenberger, Gerlinde, additional, Berthiller, Franz, additional, Lemmens, Marc, additional, Jia, Haiyan, additional, Adam, Gerhard, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Kreil, David P., additional, and Buerstmayr, Hermann, additional

Published
2013
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158. Distribution, functional impact, and origin mechanisms of copy number variation in the barley genome

Author

Muñoz-Amatriaín, María, primary, Eichten, Steven R, additional, Wicker, Thomas, additional, Richmond, Todd A, additional, Mascher, Martin, additional, Steuernagel, Burkhard, additional, Scholz, Uwe, additional, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, additional, Spannagl, Manuel, additional, Nussbaumer, Thomas, additional, Mayer, Klaus FX, additional, Taudien, Stefan, additional, Platzer, Matthias, additional, Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A, additional, Springer, Nathan M, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, and Stein, Nils, additional

Published
2013
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159. Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Regulation of Gene Expression in Maize

Author

Li, Lin, primary, Petsch, Katherine, additional, Shimizu, Rena, additional, Liu, Sanzhen, additional, Xu, Wayne Wenzhong, additional, Ying, Kai, additional, Yu, Jianming, additional, Scanlon, Michael J., additional, Schnable, Patrick S., additional, Timmermans, Marja C. P., additional, Springer, Nathan M., additional, and Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional

Published
2013
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160. Co-expression network analysis of duplicate genes in maize (Zea mays L.) reveals no subgenome bias.

Author

Lin Li, Briskine, Roman, Schaefer, Robert, Schnable, Patrick S., Myers, Chad L., Flagel, Lex E., Springer, Nathan M., and Muehlbauer, Gary J.

Subjects
CHROMOSOME duplication, CORN genetics, RNA sequencing, PLANT cloning, PLANT breeding
Abstract

Background: Gene duplication is prevalent in many species and can result in coding and regulatory divergence. Gene duplications can be classified as whole genome duplication (WGD), tandem and inserted (non-syntenic). In maize, WGD resulted in the subgenomes maize1 and maize2, of which maize1 is considered the dominant subgenome. However, the landscape of co-expression network divergence of duplicate genes in maize is still largely uncharacterized. Results: To address the consequence of gene duplication on co-expression network divergence, we developed a gene co-expression network from RNA-seq data derived from 64 different tissues/stages of the maize reference inbred-B73. WGD, tandem and inserted gene duplications exhibited distinct regulatory divergence. Inserted duplicate genes were more likely to be singletons in the co-expression networks, while WGD duplicate genes were likely to be co-expressed with other genes. Tandem duplicate genes were enriched in the co-expression pattern where co-expressed genes were nearly identical for the duplicates in the network. Older gene duplications exhibit more extensive co-expression variation than younger duplications. Overall, non-syntenic genes primarily from inserted duplications show more co-expression divergence. Also, such enlarged coexpression divergence is significantly related to duplication age. Moreover, subgenome dominance was not observed in the co-expression networks - maize1 and maize2 exhibit similar levels of intra subgenome correlations. Intriguingly, the level of inter subgenome co-expression was similar to the level of intra subgenome correlations, and genes from specific subgenomes were not likely to be the enriched in co-expression network modules and the hub genes were not predominantly from any specific subgenomes in maize. Conclusions: Our work provides a comprehensive analysis of maize co-expression network divergence for three different types of gene duplications and identifies potential relationships between duplication types, duplication ages and co-expression consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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161. Differential transcriptomic responses to Fusarium graminearum infection in two barley quantitative trait loci associated with Fusarium head blight resistance.

Author

Yadong Huang, Lin Li, Smith, Kevin P., and Muehlbauer, Gary J.

Subjects
FUSARIOSIS, CHROMOSOMES, GENE expression, MYCOSES, QUANTITATIVE research, COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

Background: Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight (FHB), a major disease problem worldwide. Resistance to FHB is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL) of which two are located on barley chromosomes 2H bin8 and 6H bin7. The mechanisms of resistance mediated by FHB QTL are poorly defined. Results: Near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying Chevron-derived resistant alleles for the two QTL were developed and exhibited FHB resistance in field trials. To understand the molecular responses associated with resistance, transcriptomes of the NILs and recurrent parents (M69 and Lacey) were investigated with RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) after F. graminearum or mock inoculation. A total of 2083 FHB-responsive transcripts were detected and provide a gene expression atlas for the barley-F. graminearum interaction. Comparative analysis of the 2Hb8 resistant (R) NIL and M69 revealed that the 2Hb8 R NIL exhibited an elevated defense response in the absence of fungal infection and responded quicker than M69 upon fungal infection. The 6Hb7 R NIL displayed a more rapid induction of a set of defense genes than Lacey during the early stage of fungal infection. Overlap of differentially accumulated genes were identified between the two R NILs, suggesting that certain responses may represent basal resistance to F. graminearum and/or general biotic stress response and were expressed by both resistant genotypes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as potential key regulators of transcription. A total of 12,366 lncRNAs were identified, of which 604 were FHB responsive. Conclusions: The current transcriptomic analysis revealed differential responses conferred by two QTL during F. graminearum infection and identified genes and lncRNAs that were associated with FHB resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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162. Genome-wide recombination dynamics are associated with phenotypic variation in maize.

Author

Pan, Qingchun, Li, Lin, Yang, Xiaohong, Tong, Hao, Xu, Shutu, Li, Zhigang, Li, Weiya, Muehlbauer, Gary J., Li, Jiansheng, and Yan, Jianbing

Subjects
CORN genetics, CORN breeding, CORN farming, HYBRID corn, CHROMOSOMES
Abstract

Meiotic recombination is a major driver of genetic diversity, species evolution, and agricultural improvement. Thus, an understanding of the genetic recombination landscape across the maize ( Zea mays) genome will provide insight and tools for further study of maize evolution and improvement., Here, we used c. 50 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms to precisely map recombination events in 12 artificial maize segregating populations. We observed substantial variation in the recombination frequency and distribution along the ten maize chromosomes among the 12 populations and identified 143 recombination hot regions., Recombination breakpoints were partitioned into intragenic and intergenic events. Interestingly, an increase in the number of genes containing recombination events was accompanied by a decrease in the number of recombination events per gene. This kept the overall number of intragenic recombination events nearly invariable in a given population, suggesting that the recombination variation observed among populations was largely attributed to intergenic recombination. However, significant associations between intragenic recombination events and variation in gene expression and agronomic traits were observed, suggesting potential roles for intragenic recombination in plant phenotypic diversity., Our results provide a comprehensive view of the maize recombination landscape, and show an association between recombination, gene expression and phenotypic variation, which may enhance crop genetic improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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165. The Hordeum Toolbox: The Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project Genotype and Phenotype Resource

Author

Blake, Victoria C., primary, Kling, Jennifer G., additional, Hayes, Patrick M., additional, Jannink, Jean-Luc, additional, Jillella, Suman R., additional, Lee, John, additional, Matthews, David E., additional, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Close, Timothy J., additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Smith, Kevin P., additional, Wise, Roger P., additional, and Dickerson, Julie A., additional

Published
2012
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166. Genic and nongenic contributions to natural variation of quantitative traits in maize

Author

Li, Xianran, primary, Zhu, Chengsong, additional, Yeh, Cheng-Ting, additional, Wu, Wei, additional, Takacs, Elizabeth M., additional, Petsch, Katherine A., additional, Tian, Feng, additional, Bai, Guihua, additional, Buckler, Edward S., additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Timmermans, Marja C.P., additional, Scanlon, Michael J., additional, Schnable, Patrick S., additional, and Yu, Jianming, additional

Published
2012
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168. An Improved Consensus Linkage Map of Barley Based on Flow-Sorted Chromosomes and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

Author

Muñoz-Amatriaín, María, primary, Moscou, Matthew J., additional, Bhat, Prasanna R., additional, Svensson, Jan T., additional, Bartoš, Jan, additional, Suchánková, Pavla, additional, Šimková, Hana, additional, Endo, Takashi R., additional, Fenton, Raymond D., additional, Lonardi, Stefano, additional, Castillo, Ana M., additional, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Cistué, Luis, additional, Cuesta-Marcos, Alfonso, additional, Forrest, Kerrie L., additional, Hayden, Matthew J., additional, Hayes, Patrick M., additional, Horsley, Richard D., additional, Makoto, Kihara, additional, Moody, David, additional, Sato, Kazuhiro, additional, Vallés, María P., additional, Wulff, Brande B.H., additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Doležel, Jaroslav, additional, and Close, Timothy J., additional

Published
2011
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171. The Genetics of Winterhardiness in Barley: Perspectives from Genome‐Wide Association Mapping

Author

Zitzewitz, Jarislav, primary, Cuesta‐Marcos, Alfonso, additional, Condon, Federico, additional, Castro, Ariel J., additional, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Corey, Ann, additional, Filichkin, Tanya, additional, Fisk, Scott P., additional, Gutierrez, Lucia, additional, Haggard, Kale, additional, Karsai, Ildikó, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, Smith, Kevin P., additional, Veisz, Otto, additional, and Hayes, Patrick M., additional

Published
2011
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172. INTERMEDIUM-C, a modifier of lateral spikelet fertility in barley, is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1

Author

Ramsay, Luke, primary, Comadran, Jordi, additional, Druka, Arnis, additional, Marshall, David F, additional, Thomas, William T B, additional, Macaulay, Malcolm, additional, MacKenzie, Katrin, additional, Simpson, Craig, additional, Fuller, John, additional, Bonar, Nicola, additional, Hayes, Patrick M, additional, Lundqvist, Udda, additional, Franckowiak, Jerome D, additional, Close, Timothy J, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, and Waugh, Robbie, additional

Published
2011
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179. Complementary genetic and genomic approaches help characterize the linkage group I seed protein QTL in soybean

Author

Bolon, Yung-Tsi, primary, Joseph, Bindu, additional, Cannon, Steven B, additional, Graham, Michelle A, additional, Diers, Brian W, additional, Farmer, Andrew D, additional, May, Gregory D, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, Specht, James E, additional, Tu, Zheng Jin, additional, Weeks, Nathan, additional, Xu, Wayne W, additional, Shoemaker, Randy C, additional, and Vance, Carroll P, additional

Published
2010
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180. Population Structure and Linkage Disequilibrium in U.S. Barley Germplasm: Implications for Association Mapping

Author

Hamblin, Martha T., primary, Close, Timothy J., additional, Bhat, Prasanna R., additional, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Kling, Jennifer G., additional, Abraham, K. Joseph, additional, Blake, Tom, additional, Brooks, Wynse S., additional, Cooper, Blake, additional, Griffey, Carl A., additional, Hayes, Patrick M., additional, Hole, David J., additional, Horsley, Richard D., additional, Obert, Donald E., additional, Smith, Kevin P., additional, Ullrich, Steven E., additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional, and Jannink, Jean-Luc, additional

Published
2010
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188. Development and implementation of high-throughput SNP genotyping in barley

Author

Close, Timothy J, primary, Bhat, Prasanna R, additional, Lonardi, Stefano, additional, Wu, Yonghui, additional, Rostoks, Nils, additional, Ramsay, Luke, additional, Druka, Arnis, additional, Stein, Nils, additional, Svensson, Jan T, additional, Wanamaker, Steve, additional, Bozdag, Serdar, additional, Roose, Mikeal L, additional, Moscou, Matthew J, additional, Chao, Shiaoman, additional, Varshney, Rajeev K, additional, Szűcs, Péter, additional, Sato, Kazuhiro, additional, Hayes, Patrick M, additional, Matthews, David E, additional, Kleinhofs, Andris, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, DeYoung, Joseph, additional, Marshall, David F, additional, Madishetty, Kavitha, additional, Fenton, Raymond D, additional, Condamine, Pascal, additional, Graner, Andreas, additional, and Waugh, Robbie, additional

Published
2009
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189. Comparative transcriptomics in the Triticeae

Author

Schreiber, Andreas W, primary, Sutton, Tim, additional, Caldo, Rico A, additional, Kalashyan, Elena, additional, Lovell, Ben, additional, Mayo, Gwenda, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, Druka, Arnis, additional, Waugh, Robbie, additional, Wise, Roger P, additional, Langridge, Peter, additional, and Baumann, Ute, additional

Published
2009
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194. Sequencing of 15 622 gene-bearing BACs clarifies the gene-dense regions of the barley genome.

Author

Muñoz‐Amatriaín, María, Lonardi, Stefano, Luo, MingCheng, Madishetty, Kavitha, Svensson, Jan T., Moscou, Matthew J., Wanamaker, Steve, Jiang, Tao, Kleinhofs, Andris, Muehlbauer, Gary J., Wise, Roger P., Stein, Nils, Ma, Yaqin, Rodriguez, Edmundo, Kudrna, Dave, Bhat, Prasanna R., Chao, Shiaoman, Condamine, Pascal, Heinen, Shane, and Resnik, Josh

Subjects
BACTERIAL artificial chromosomes, BARLEY genetics, NUCLEOTIDE sequence, AEGILOPS, GENETIC recombination, BIOMARKERS
Abstract

Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) possesses a large and highly repetitive genome of 5.1 Gb that has hindered the development of a complete sequence. In 2012, the International Barley Sequencing Consortium released a resource integrating whole-genome shotgun sequences with a physical and genetic framework. However, because only 6278 bacterial artificial chromosome ( BACs) in the physical map were sequenced, fine structure was limited. To gain access to the gene-containing portion of the barley genome at high resolution, we identified and sequenced 15 622 BACs representing the minimal tiling path of 72 052 physical-mapped gene-bearing BACs. This generated ~1.7 Gb of genomic sequence containing an estimated 2/3 of all Morex barley genes. Exploration of these sequenced BACs revealed that although distal ends of chromosomes contain most of the gene-enriched BACs and are characterized by high recombination rates, there are also gene-dense regions with suppressed recombination. We made use of published map-anchored sequence data from Aegilops tauschii to develop a synteny viewer between barley and the ancestor of the wheat D-genome. Except for some notable inversions, there is a high level of collinearity between the two species. The software Harv EST:Barley provides facile access to BAC sequences and their annotations, along with the barley- Ae. tauschii synteny viewer. These BAC sequences constitute a resource to improve the efficiency of marker development, map-based cloning, and comparative genomics in barley and related crops. Additional knowledge about regions of the barley genome that are gene-dense but low recombination is particularly relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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195. The Barley Uniculme4 Gene Encodes a BLADE-ON-PETIOLE-Like Protein That Controls Tillering and Leaf Patterning.

Author

Tavakol, Elahe, Okagaki, Ron, Verderio, Gabriele, J., Vahid Shariati, Hussien, Ahmed, Bilgic, Hatice, Scanlon, Mike J., Todt, Natalie R., Close, Timothy J., Druka, Arnis, Waugh, Robbie, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Ariyadasa, Ruvini, Himmelbach, Axel, Stein, Nils, Muehlbauer, Gary J., and Rossini, Laura

Subjects
BARLEY genetic research, LEAF physiology, GENETIC research, PLANT genetics, PLANT morphology, TILLERING (Botany)
Abstract

Tillers are vegetative branches that develop from axillary buds located in the leaf axils at the base of many grasses. Genetic manipulation of tillering is a major objective in breeding for improved cereal yields and competition with weeds. Despite this, very little is known about the molecular genetic bases of tiller development in important Triticeae crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Recessive mutations at the barley Uniculme4 (Cul4) locus cause reduced tillering, deregulation of the number of axillary buds in an axil, and alterations in leaf proximal-distal patterning. We isolated the Cul4 gene by positional cloning and showed that it encodes a BROAD-COMPLEX, TRAMTRACK, BRIC-À-BRAC-ankyrin protein closely related to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and BOP2. Morphological, histological, and in situ RNA expression analyses indicate that Cul4 acts at axil and leaf boundary regions to control axillary bud differentiation as well as the development of the ligule, which separates the distal blade and proximal sheath of the leaf. As, to our knowledge, the first functionally characterized BOP gene in monocots, Cul4 suggests the partial conservation of BOP gene function between dicots and monocots, while phylogenetic analyses highlight distinct evolutionary patterns in the two lineages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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197. Overexpression of defense response genes in transgenic wheat enhances resistance to Fusarium head blight

Author

Mackintosh, Caroline A., primary, Lewis, Janet, additional, Radmer, Lorien E., additional, Shin, Sanghyun, additional, Heinen, Shane J., additional, Smith, Lisa A., additional, Wyckoff, Meagen N., additional, Dill-Macky, Ruth, additional, Evans, Conrad K., additional, Kravchenko, Sasha, additional, Baldridge, Gerald D., additional, Zeyen, Richard J., additional, and Muehlbauer, Gary J., additional

Published
2006
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198. A high-density consensus map of barley linking DArT markers to SSR, RFLP and STS loci and agricultural traits

Author

Wenzl, Peter, primary, Li, Haobing, additional, Carling, Jason, additional, Zhou, Meixue, additional, Raman, Harsh, additional, Paul, Edie, additional, Hearnden, Phillippa, additional, Maier, Christina, additional, Xia, Ling, additional, Caig, Vanessa, additional, Ovesná, Jaroslava, additional, Cakir, Mehmet, additional, Poulsen, David, additional, Wang, Junping, additional, Raman, Rosy, additional, Smith, Kevin P, additional, Muehlbauer, Gary J, additional, Chalmers, Ken J, additional, Kleinhofs, Andris, additional, Huttner, Eric, additional, and Kilian, Andrzej, additional

Published
2006
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