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Service-learning has been implemented in teaching and learning pedagogical approaches as the modern way to integrate theoretical obtained in the classroom into practices in real-world situations. Hence, the Ministry of Higher Education has introduced Service Learning Malaysia University for Society (SULAM) in 2019 was to demonstrate a multidimensional concept that embraces curriculum and co-curriculum of pedagogical approaches to service and educational opportunities through Malaysia Education Blue Print 2015-2025 (for Higher Education) to produce holistic graduates who are entrepreneurial and balanced. Therefore, this study focuses on the impacts of implementing SULAM programme in public university toward the students in term of i) knowledge and understanding, ii) functional work skills, and iii) ethics and professionalism after they conducted and carried out the service-learning project with the community. This study was designed based on a quantitative approach administrated to the 352 respondents from different faculties at Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). Data were collected through questionnaires and analysed using SPSS to identify the impacts of implementing SULAM programme towards the student. The findings of this study uncovered that there were positive impacts of implementing SULAM programme integrate with student's academic curriculum such as the students were able to utilize the knowledge and have deeper understanding conducting service-learning projects under SULAM programme with the community, the students managed to improve and empowered their functional work skills after successfully carried out the projects involved the community, and lastly the students proudly can facilitate themselves to perform outstanding ethics and professionalism while they conducting service-learning projects under SULAM programme in the public university. The implementation of SULAM programme was made successful in UniMAP through the involvement of the service-learning ecosystem consisted the students, lecturers, faculties, communities, agencies and industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has caused various unprecedented impacts to the whole world. In relation to this, Malaysia has enforced the Movement Control Over (MCO) starting on 18 March 2020 in order to fight the global COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 has claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and caused socio-economic shocks that left no one untouched. The pandemic also has forced all employees, including academicians, to practice Work from Home (WFH). In relation to this, the implementation of e-learning may incur academicians' acceptance that might be influenced by their attitudes towards internet connection, utilizing electronic equipment, and others to ensure an effective e-learning process. This study is aimed to examine the effects of gender, age, and internet competency on internet usage among academicians during the MCO. A total of 223 respondents participated in this study through a purposive sampling method which was conducted among academicians using an online questionnaire. Chi-square analysis was performed to examine the association among genders, age groups, and internet competency with internet usage. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the respondents' genders and internet competency on internet usage among academicians during the MCO (χ2 = 0.002, p<0.05). However, it was found that there is no significant relationship between the respondents' age and their internet usage (χ2 = 0.665, p>0.05). In a situation where the country is facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the MCO, the use of the internet has become very important. This study also found that there are differences in internet usage among respondents of different genders and levels of efficiency. But when the online learning method was implemented, all academicians were no exception. Therefore, the age difference of academicians was found not to affect the use of the internet. Future studies by adding more respondents among teachers and those from private institutions are recommended, other than focusing on attitudes and perceptions which will benefit various parties, especially the academicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toko Merah is one of the cultural heritage buildings in the old city of Jakarta that has a change of form and function based on the history of different holdings which appeared maintained and preserved. Currently, the building is not fully utilised; only some of the building is rented as a meeting house. The Toko Merah building has different functions based on its history of ownership. The existence of this building which sets in the early history of the establishment of the twin luxury house makes it the icon of the cultural heritage building. It is now called Toko Merah. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive based on the history of the Toko Merah with a phenomenological approach specifically chosen to observe the aesthetic form of space in search of the essential meaning of the Toko Merah building. The results show the phenomenon of the Toko Merah building as a cultural heritage building has an essential aesthetic meaning as a cultural heritage building which needs to be studied and explored more in the narrative of adaptive reuse and should be maintained and preserved so that it can be utilised wherebymeaningful interpretation and usage can be materialised. It will eventually be celebrated as a heritage building which preserves that memory of the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to Coronavirus disease, many new norms are being introduced and one of them is a social distancing. This article focuses on the comparison of technologies that can be adopted in developing a smart queueing system that cater the social distancing issue. Several technologies are discussed in this paper are including ultra-wide band, RFID, NFC, Geo-fence, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. The discussion is based on the technology specification and how those technologies can assist in enforcing social distancing in queueing process or activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (2011) is an adapted film, based on one of the well-known traditional Malay texts that seeks to elevate traditional Malay literature. The film is said to be quite special in Malaysian film history because it achieved a decent success internationally. It is produced by the local talent, Yusry Abd Halim. The film may have been popular among Malaysians, but there is still a lack of research on it, especially from the perspective of history. This paper thus seeks to address the historical aspects of the film using David Bordwell's theory, in particular, the 'historical poetics of cinema'. By applying this particular theory, this study will examine the historical aspects of Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa, from the original traditional text to the modern filmic product of the hikayat. Specifically, the thematical, narrative and stylistical elements will form bases of arguments in this research, following the framework of Bordwell's historical poetics of cinema. It is found that the film, Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (2011) has strong western influences or affiliations, perhaps due to demands on meeting up to international standards. This has resulted in massive changes of the original traditional text so as to 'suit' the demands of the international market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation of learning styles is important in ensuring effective learning to take place. In relation to this, effective instructional learning methods can be identified by exploring students' preferred learning styles. The objective of this study is to investigate the preferred learning styles among undergraduates in Malaysia during the Open and Distance Learning (ODL) mode. This study investigates the differences in learning styles among undergraduates from various faculties. A number of 452 undergraduates participated in this study. Whereby the data were collected using the Barbe VAK model. The data were analysed using the mean scores based on three VAK learning categories; visual learning, auditory learning, and kinaesthetic learning. The analysis results showed that the most preferred learning style among the Science and Technology undergraduates was the visual learning style. The results of this study will benefits educators, especially for content preparation that fits best with the preferred learning styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing rate of unemployed graduates in Malaysia has received alarming attention in recents years. One of the factors that contribute to the unemployment problem is the lack of self-efficacy among graduates in making career choices. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the self-efficacy of catering students to make decision on career field options to be pursued either as a teacher, hospitality employee or entrepreneur. The design of this study is a quantitative descriptive study through survey and questionnaire is used as research instruments. A total of 66 catering students of year 3 and 4 from Faculty of Technical and Vocational Education (FPTV) were selected as the study sample. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.00 software involving mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA. The results showed that the mean scores of self-efficacy of catering students were high to become teachers (M = 4.11, SD = 0.617) and followed by hospitality employee (M = 3.87, SD = 0.574) and entrepreneurs (M = 3.93, SD = 0.514). However, there was no significant difference between the three career fields with a value of p = 0.052. In conclusion, catering students have high self-efficacy in venturing into the field of career when graduating from university. Graduates need to see the importance of enhancing self-efficacy because it opens paths for career opportunities and advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to look at the effectiveness of Geography fieldwork study among form six students in Machang, Kelantan. A quantitative approach was applied in this study by using a questionnaire as an instrument. A simple random sampling method was used for the selection of respondents and the total number of respondents was 80 form six students who were taking Geography in some selected schools in the Machang district in Kelantan. Four study variables were used, namely interest, understanding, skills and effectiveness, in the implementation of the Geography fieldwork study. Descriptive analysis was used to examine the level of each variable I, II, III and IV, and inferential analysis (Pearson's correlation and regression) was used to examine the relationships and influential contributions of each study variable. The findings showed that all of the variables, namely interest (M = 2.89, SP = 0.32), understanding (M = 2.87, SP = 0.32), manipulative skills (M = 2.33, SP = 0.50), soft skills (M = 2.75, SP = 0.44) and the effectiveness of the implementation (M = 2.90, SP = 0.30) were at a moderate level. The results of the Pearson's correlation analysis also found that there was a significant positive relationship between the interest and understanding variables (r = 0.538, p <0.005), understanding and manipulative skills (r = 0.556, p <0.005), manipulative skills and soft skills (r = 0.595, p <0.005) and soft skills with effectiveness (r = 0.677, p <0.005). In addition, regression analysis showed that soft skills had the highest impact on the effectiveness of the Geography field study by 45.8% with R2 = 0.581, F (26.030) = 0.324, P<0.05. In conclusion, this study finds that students show an interest, understanding, and skills in the effectiveness of the Geography field study. This shows that the implementation of Geography field study in schools can bring about change among students, and indicates that an effective Geography field study can enhance students' interest, understanding and skills in the subject of Geography and is able to give students the opportunity to be more innovative and to think creatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Malaysia, the current educational blueprint has included initiatives toward enhancing service learning, as this pedagogical approach is seen as the means to achieve the national educational goals of producing graduates with the necessary skills for employability. The implementation of service-learning is at the stage where it needs to be incorporated in a more structured and systematic manner into the academic program. The main objective of this paper is to analyse the educator's knowledge and understanding in implementing SULAM in public university and to identify the common challenges surrounding service learning among the educators in the public university. The research was designed to be an exploratory qualitative with the respondents consisting of the lecturers of the Malaysia University. Based on the analysis of the perspectives from educators, most of the educators agreed that SULAM is as a form of experiential education in which students engage in activities that address community needs together with structured opportunities intentionally designed to promote student learning and most of the educators voiced their anxiety over the SULAM implementation in reality. The five issues rated as the most critical challenges to the implementation of SULAM in preservice educators included financial constraints, poor time management, virtual implementation barrier, lack of administrative issue and relationship with the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports thought-about united of the foremost vital components in national development. Since independence in 1957, Malaysian government has place such a lot efforts and measures on sports development. Asian nation sporadically goes through periods of distress associated with sport performance. Asian nation spends plenty of cash and experience on its high performance athletes. Programs facilitate high athletes perform higher in coaching, endure injury, train the mental facet of performance, and aid athletes and coaches in alternative areas similarly. this can be cash that's well spent. Indeed, if the govt. goes to pay cash supporting sport this can be wherever these funds belong. The Malaysian tourism sector has widened its scope by venturing into extreme sports tourism. With this new development, tourism opportunities square measure created and boosting the Malaysian tourism business growth. the aim of this paper is to see the predictors of sports tourism involvement in Asian nation from the economics perspective. The recent shocks in provide and demand within the world aren't because of sudden economic reasons. Indeed, associated with Covid-19 that causes speedily spreading world health issues and life threats round the world coping with the social issues created by Covid-19 pandemic, they ought to not neglect the economic changes created by this pandemic. The government-ordered lockdowns have discontinuous life for billions and within the same time creates economic collapse situation. The foremost vital of those economic changes in developing countries with high fragility is exchange rates caused by sports and tourism industry, as a result of exchange rates will directly have an effect on several economics variables, from inflation to foreign trade, from the balance of payments to interests. Therefore, this analysis calculates the result of COVID-19 to sports and tourism business for affected countries within the worldwide. This study evaluated the impact using supply and demand curve to detect the economic changes in tourism industry. Lastly, tourism and sports sector became an intermingled strategy for several nations to get important value. Malaysia, for instance, in its National Key Economic space (NKEA) under the tourism sector indicates international sports events as a serious economic activity to push. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online shopping was one of the essential services allowed to continue their operation by the federal government during the 2020 Malaysia Movement Control Order (Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan), commonly referred to as the MCO. In response to the MCO order, numbers of consumers who purchased their daily necessity through online increased tremendously. However, Malaysian consumer prefer to buy fresh agricultural product at physical stores and it will affect the initiative of the federal government to slow down the spread of Covid-19 in Malaysia. In the online purchasing intention for fresh agricultural products among Malaysia consumers' literature, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use attitude are under researched. Therefore, this study investigated TAM model as a framework to analyse factors influencing online purchase intention during the Covid-19 pandemic for fresh agricultural products. This study employs a quantitative research design and questionnaire was distributed by using electronic survey or e-survey via Google Form among Malaysian internet users in Peninsula Malaysia. Sample were consumers who had some experienced in purchasing fresh agricultural products through online during the Covid-19. Respondents were selected using convenience sampling. SmartPLS software version 3.0 were used to analyzed the data. The findings revealed perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude are three factors that influenced online purchased intention for fresh agricultural products during Covid-19 Pandemic. Therefore, the overall findings can help the online grocers to understand factors that forming consumer attitudes and soon developing intention to purchase fresh agricultural products via online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 epidemic has thrown Indonesia's sports calendar into confusion, with many high-profile sporting events rescheduled or postponed for the foreseeable future. Tourism is one of the greatest vital sectors pouring the Thai economy, which can constantly generate great income for Thailand and Indonesia. The number of international tourist arrivals to Thailand in 2018 reached 38.12 million people and Indonesia sport tourism received 250,000 foreign tourists in 2018. Based on an all-encompassing approach, this research has exposed that integrating various strategies for tourism expansion with sound government policies and proactive management practices have led to significant positive outcomes towards mutual success of tourism sectors of Thailand. Additionally, the paper delivers considered policy to drive long-lasting enhancements in tourism sector, exchange rate and service sectors through efficient management and intelligent utilization of resources in tourism sector. The recent shocks in provide and demand within the world aren't because of sudden economic reasons. Indeed, associated with Covid-19 that causes speedily spreading world health issues and life threats round the world coping with the social issues created by Covid-19 pandemic, they ought to not neglect the economic changes created by this pandemic. The government-ordered lockdowns have discontinuous life for billions and within the same time creates economic collapse situation. The foremost vital of those economic changes in developing countries with high fragility is exchange rates caused by sports and tourism industry, as a result of exchange rates will directly have an effect on several economics variables, from inflation to foreign trade, from the balance of payments to interests. Therefore, this analysis calculates the result of COVID-19 to sports and tourism business for affected countries within the worldwide. Thus, this study evaluated the impact tourism performance to detect the economic changes in sports industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the potentials of nature extracted sensitizers adsorbed onto the Rutile-Anatase-TiO2 electrode at 10 µm and 15 µm thickness. The proposed novel dyes were immersed into TiO2 film and tested on its UV-Vis absorbance spectrometer. The focus of this experiment is to characterise two novel dye sensitizers extracted from Keriang and Pucuk Merah fruit. Result for TiO2(Keriang) shows photon energy and absorption coefficient of 2.43 eV and 2.123 k m−1, respectively while the TiO2(Pucuk Merah) shows photon energy and absorption coefficient of 2.30 eV and 2.005 k m−1. Although the anatase and rutile phase of TiO2 material of has an optical energy gap of 3.15 and 3.05 eV, respectively, the addition of dyes has managed to increase the conductivity of TiO2 by lowering its band gap energy. This in turn will caused the electron transport resistance to reduce and encourages electrons to travel from the HOMO of valence band (VB) to the LUMO of conduction band (CB) increasing the conductivity properties of TiO2 electrode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effectiveness of Morus nigra as natural antimicrobial agents were assessed by the ability of the crude extract to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus brasiliensis, and Candida albicans. Different parts (fruit, root, leaves and stem) of M. nigra were extracted by maceration using different solvents; ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial assays were carried out by paper disc diffusion method. M. nigra of all part extracted in ethanol were able to inhibit the growth of test microorganisms compared to, when extracted in methanol. Root and fruit extracts of M. nigra were able to inhibit the test microorganisms. The analytical analysis using HPLC-DAD was able to identify the presence of flavonoids rutin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol in crude extracts that correspond to inhibition zones observed. Hence, the results suggested that crude extracts from M. nigra root and fruit have antimicrobial properties to prevent the growth of test microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) are well known due to its cost effective and easy accessibility. The technique is commonly used in shipping maintenance to repair corrosion and erosion affected propeller blades. Recently, studies of the Friction Stir Process (FSP) have shown its capability to generate a very fine microstructure and enhancement of the metal surface properties. This paper proposes an integrated approach for repairing larger sized nickel-aluminum bronze (NAB) components using a single robotic system. The process includes surface cleaning, weld deposition (WD), welding deposition Friction Stir Process (WD-FSP), surface and contour finishing. The mechanical properties, including hardness, cavitation erosion and corrosion performance, are tested on as-cast NAB, WD and WD-FSP surfaces. The weld deposition and WD-FSP surfaces showed an enhancement in hardness compared to as-cast NAB. As for cavitations erosion and corrosion, the weld deposition and WD-FSP sample exhibited an improvement in the cumulative mass loss and shifting of the electrode potential to the more noble section signifying that using the proposed approach is feasible for NAB repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on an experimental investigation on the dispersion stability of 60:40 water and ethylene glycol based Al2O3−CuO hybrid nanofluids. The volume and concentration of hybrid nanofluids were set to be 30 ml and 0.5%. Three different surfactants (PVP, CTAB, and SLS) with different surfactant ratios (1:10 and 5:10) were used to ensure the nanofluids remained homogenous for a longer period. Dispersion stability is studied using several methods such as sedimentation observation, zeta potential, and UV-Vis. FESEM testing is conducted to study the morphological behavior of the nanoparticles powder, including particle size and structure. Visual inspection showed that only pure Al2O3-CuO and Al2O3-CuO-PVP (1:10) remained homogenous without any visible separation layer. As for UV-Vis spectroscopy, the absorbance value for all samples was below than 1%. Thus, to further investigate the stability Al2O3-CuO hybrid nanofluid, the Zeta potential test is also conducted. Analysis of Zeta potential indicated that PVP with surfactant ratio 1:10 provided better result on the nanofluid stability. The pH value for sample with the PVP dispersant is then measured to be 7.7 which is slightly further from the IEP (pH 9.7-10) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work presents the investigation on mixed mode MRE isolator to study the behavior of the smart magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) material. The study involves from the fabrication of the samples to the testing of the complete isolator. The fabrication of the MRE samples is also important to show the necessary materials and tools needed to produce a sample that is applicable for a both shear and compression testing. The casing for the isolator as well as the mould are produced beforehand to allow flexibility and more time to focus on the items needed for the fabrication process. Once the casing and samples are well integrated, the complete MRE isolator will go through the testing process. NI LabVIEW NXG 5.0 is the software used to receive data from the testing equipment and from there onwards, the data are manipulated for comparisons. The comparison of the graphs will then be related to the previous studies to allow a deeper understanding on the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural fibre reinforce polymer composite is gaining attention from researchers worldwide due to its potential as a replacement for synthetic fibre. Its main properties which are environmental-friendly and lightweight make is suitable to be used in many industries such as automotive industry. However, it has low mechanical properties compared to synthetic fibre composite. Hence, to improve its mechanical properties, researchers started to hybridised natural fibre which has proven that this method maximise the mechanical properties of natural fibre composite. This paper investigated the mechanical properties of hybrid pineapple/kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composite with three different fibre loading which are, 3%, 6% and 9%. The method of fabrication is solvent casting method and the matrix used is epoxy resin. The results obtained shows that, for impact strength and hardness, higher fibre loading has higher impact strength and hardness. In the other hand, for tensile test, lower fibre loading has higher tensile strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, pyrolysis of sawdust was investigated using a fixed bed reactor. The objectives of this project were to study the effect of pyrolysis parameters on production of bio-oil and bio-char and to analyze the characteristics of pyrolysis product. The variations of pyrolysis temperature are 450, 500, 550, 600 and 650 °C. The particle size was varied in the range of >1.18mm and <1.18 mm. The heating rate was at 40, 50 and 60 °C/min. The maximum product yield of bio-char was 49.28% obtained at 550 °C, with heating rate of 50 °C/min and particle size of <1.18mm. The maximum bio- oil yield was 28.86% and the maximum gas yield was 68.83%. The optimum gas was at the pyrolysis temperature of 450°C, heating rates of 60°C/min and particle size of <1.18mm. Sawdust can be utilized as biomass feedstock to increase bio-char product. It has high lignin content which can increase yield of bio-char. The bio-char is potential source of renewable fuel and chemical feedstock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrolysis of coconut shell was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor to determine the effects of pyrolysis parameters (temperature and heating rate). The effect of zeolite and dolomite catalyst on the product yields and the qualities of the liquid product was investigated. The result showed that the optimal conditions for liquid (bio-oil) yield (48.03%) were at pyrolysis temperature of 4500C, heating rate of 50 °C/min, gas flow rate of 50 L/min and particle size of 300 µm. The yield of bio-oil without catalyst is higher than with catalyst. However, the characterisation of bio-oil, indicated that the catalytic pyrolysis upgraded the bio-oil quality. The coconut shell showed that the bio-oil was highly oxygenated containing high fraction of phenol-based compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural fiber had recently been used as reinforcement with polymer in a composite is increasing, due to benefits. The benefits in natural fiber is the lightweight, low cost, environmentally friendly with a good specific mechanical property. However, several factors need to take into account to affecting the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer, such as fiber fraction, fiber condition and fiber orientation. This study presents the simulation study on the mechanical properties of different natural fiber reinforced in a diagonal orientation and to compare the mechanical properties such as tensile and bending properties of Kenaf Fiber, PALF, and Ramie reinforced polymer composites. This study of mechanical properties will be investigated using ANSYS 18.1. The composites are designed in different natural fiber with fiber orientation in direction of 45° and 135° alternately in five layers. Tensile and bending test are analyze based on ASTM standard to determine the effect of stacking sequence and fiber orientation on the composites. The results show that fiber orientation have affect the mechanical properties of the composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the physical property of plant based extract food powder during processing. The effect of drying on the Garcinia atroviridis powder extract under pilot scale spray dryer was performed. The physical attributes to the powder including particles properties (particle size, size distribution) and bulk powder (porosity) were discussed. The results showed that particles size obtained under volume mean diameter and Sauter mean diameter were approximately 215 µm and 111 µm, respectively with good porosity. The data showed that Garcinia atroviridis powder extract under pilot scale spray dryer may promotes the potential of the Garcinia atroviridis powder extract in food application as well as ingredient in pharmacological products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatty acid such as lauric and oleic acid have been used extensively either in cosmeceutical or pharmaceutical products as an emollient or moisturiser. In this study, fatty acids which combine lauric and oleic acids have been formulated into nanostructured lipid carriers (FA-NLCs) system in order to improve its physical stability hence, enhancing the topical effectiveness. In order to prolong the stability of the FA-NLCs, spray drying technique has been applied to produce FA-NLCs in a powder form. The current work describes the design of experiment of spray dried lipid-based nanosystems with the ability to acquire nanosystems after redispersion. FA-NLCs were prepared using melt-dispersion ultrasonication method. Three parameters were optimised with respect to spray drying; inlet temperature, flow rate and feed concentration using 23 Full Factorial Design. The responses evaluated were the powder yield, moisture content and size of the redispersed nanoaggregates. Results showed that in achieving small redispersed nanoaggregates size, high powder yield and low moisture content was come from formulation Standard Order No 6 (Run Order No 8). In conclusion, a spray dried FA-NLCs was successfully prepared with the smallest redispersed nanoaggregate size, highest powder yield and low moisture content, potentially suitable to be used as cosmetic ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the physical and chemical parameters related to indoor air quality (IAQ) at Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) and the IAQ of selected campus buildings were compared with guidelines provided by DOSH. This study is especially important as students spend most of their time indoors thus making them more vulnerable to exposure to indoor contaminants. Seven sampling locations around the UNITEN campus were selected which all have different layout. The method of data collection is based on Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 (ICOP). The indoor contaminants were recorded using real-time monitoring method and the parameters of interest are the Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10), Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC), relative humidity and temperature. Results show that the parameters of IAQ level in UNITEN is at a safe level as it is well below the DOSH permissible limit. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to identify whether or not the mean of the IAQ parameters specifically PM2.5, PM10 and TVOC are the same and belongs to the same population. Statistical analysis also shows that there was no significant difference in IAQ level between all sampling locations (P≤0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Film bulk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) is a device that consists of a thin-film piezoelectric, which is sandwiched between the top and bottom electrodes. FBAR has been widely used in radio frequency (RF) front-end circuits such as RF filters due to its advantages of high quality (Q) factor. The performance of FBAR is highly related to the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material such as aluminum nitride (AlN) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are commonly used in FBAR. Other than piezoelectric material, another important element in designing an FBAR is the electrode materials. Different electrode materials affect the performance of FBAR in terms of Q factor and electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2eff) due to their material properties. Therefore, in this work, FBARs operating at frequencies of 5 GHz to 10 GHz by using AlN as the piezoelectric material with different electrode materials, which are molybdenum (Mo) and aluminum (Al) were designed. The performance of the designed FBARs were compared in terms of Q factor and k2eff. Based on the results, the Q factor of FBAR with Mo as electrodes achieved the highest value of 16300 at 5 GHz, while the Q factor of FBAR with Al as electrodes achieved the highest value of 13726 at 5 GHz. The k2eff of FBAR with Al as electrodes achieved the highest value of 6.71% at 7 GHz, while FBAR with Mo as electrodes achieved the highest coupling coefficient of 5.78% at 6 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of synthetic pesticide contributes to the environmental issues, insect resistance, marketing opportunities and detrimental health effect. The application of biopesticide from neem leaves offers a great potential as biopesticide due to its active ingredient namely azadirachtin. However, the compound is unstable under harsh environment. Encapsulation technique helps to increase the delivery efficiency. The studies focus on the optimization of encapsulation of neem extract which involved three parameters namely concentration of sodium alginate, A (1.5-2.5%), volume of neem extract, B (5-15 ml) and exposure time, C (30-90 min) by using Central Composite Design (CCD). The model was significant with B and C displayed the potent parameters in the releasing neem extract to the surrounding. The optimum conditions were found to be 2.02% of A, 11.88ml of B and 68.35 min of C which released 7.34 % of neem extract to the surrounding. The encapsulation of neem extract showed a good potential to be used in agriculture sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effect of the polyethersulfone (PES) polymer concentration toward the membrane filtration performance was studied. Moreover, the synthesized membrane was characterized with porosity measurement followed by the determination of pure water flux as well as humid acid (HA) rejection. The results showed an increase in the percentage of HA rejection and flux recovery ratio (FRR) value and a decrease in membrane permeate flux was due to an increase in the concentration of polymers. Furthermore, the results showed that complete blocking was the dominant fouling mechanism in this study except for 12 wt% PES membrane. For the 12 wt% PES membrane, the mechanism was controlled by the standard blocking mechanism which was well predicted the flux decline of PES membrane. Indeed, 15 wt% PES membrane has been chosen as the best membrane in this study, since its shown outstanding performance in terms of both HA rejection and membrane permeate flux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand for cut quality has led to the emergence of new processing technologies, especially when many alloys are considered quite difficult to be cut. One of the most advanced technology is water jet cutting. The problem was the low efficiency in the cutting process using a water jet that not only can cut metals but also food products without contaminating them. The objective of this study is to optimize the cutting process in relation to the nozzle diameter as the observed parameter. The pure water jet was chosen instead of an abrasive water jet to avoid contamination of food products. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used as the solver to visualize how the liquid flows. Some parameters were taken from the previous study as references and were optimized for observation. The pressure and nozzle diameter used are 200, 400 and 600 MPa and 0.15, 0.2 and 0.3 mm respectively. After the analysis, it is found that as the pressure of the water jet increase, the water velocity is increasing. Moreover, as the diameter of the nozzle hole increase, the spray of water become wider. The most suitable parameters were found to be 200 MPa and 0.15 mm of pressure and nozzle diameter respectively. This will allow for the intended food cutting process with a stand-off distance around 8 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barium strontium titanate (Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3, BST) ceramic has been prepared by conventional solid –state reaction in air at 1200°C, followed by slow cooling to room temperature at the end of the reaction. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that these ceramic are belongs to tetragonal phase structure with space group P4mm. The electrical properties of the ceramic shows maximum dielectric constant was about εr = 1094.52 of this sample has resulted at the Curie temperature, TC = 80°C measured at a frequency of 1 kHz. The capacitance of the sample described the dielectric behavior was associated with bulk ferroelectric (C = 10−9 to 10−10 F). Besides, Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3ceramic has conductivity in the range between semi – insulator and insulator material and the samples shows small PTCR effect above the Tc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite based on Polypropylene (PP)/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBRr)/Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) has been studied. The composites were prepared by using a heated two- roll mill machine at temperature 180°C for 9 minutes period using 50 rpm rotor speed. The compound was compressed by using a hot press machine at temperature 180 °C for 10 minutes period. The particle size of the OPEFB and NBRr powder used in this project is 150µm. The effect of Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) on mechanical, morphological, chemical and water absorption properties was analyzed with different compositions. The results obtained showed that the tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation at break for the treated composite were higher compared to the untreated composite. The morphological and chemical properties results support the tensile properties and these showed that the DGEBA compatibilizer has improved the interfacial adhesion between PP, NBRr, and OPEFB that leads to better attachment among them. For the water absorption test, the treated composite showed a lower water absorption compared to the untreated composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the beautiful ornament on manuscript illumination in the Malay world. The beauty of the decorative variety in the illumination of the manuscript will be seen through the appreciation of art using the formalistic aspects of art. This study involves the study of literature through a qualitative approach to collect data from previous studies. As a result of analyzing past studies, researchers found similarities and differences in findings. In terms of similarities decorative features in the Malay manuscript illuminations highlighting the use of the gold which refers to the symbol of luxury, class, identity and style. While the similarity in terms of motifs, most use flora motifs (plants) that refer to nature as inspiration. Therefore, in terms of differences, the researchers found various findings of the study, namely the use of motifs other than flora motifs. Among other motives found in the Malay, manuscript illumination is characterized by geometric motifs, structure, symmetry, cosmology, and vegetal. Researchers also argue that the decorative style of the manuscript illumination reflects the expertise and subtlety of the manuscript decorator in revealing the natural beauty of Allah S.W.T. creation. This concept of beauty means inner beauty and external beauty (form and content). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID 19 pandemic has shifted the way makerspace operationalize shifted from purely physical space into an online mode for design collaboration and also information dissemination. With the spirit of maker movement which emphasizes sharing, collaboration and making as the vital core of its operation while the online components of makerspace are the platform for design collaboration and innovation dissemination during the global pandemic and the future globalization of innovation. Due to the establishment and the technological advancement of the digital fabrication and open-source hardware and software which is available to the masses, online learning has been the main drive which shapes the way the online makerspace platform operationalize. While there are a lot of articles and research has been done on the sustainability and mechanism of the physical makerspace environment, there are lack of articles discussing the sustainability of the online components of makerspace. The objective of this paper is to review the operation of the online makerspace upon disseminating innovation and ideas. This concept paper will highlight the power of online makerspace upon disseminating ideas and innovation to further stimulating another innovation. The main finding of this review paper is that the dissemination of innovation can stimulate the other user to create another innovation through memory retrieval and idea transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the challenging factors of practising work from home (WFH) towards productivity that affected Malaysia's higher education during the COVID 19 outbreak. The practising WFH itself has its conflict, but this effect can be mitigated or even reversed when people have an integration preference. This study analyzed, reviewed, and explained each factor in detail from previous literature's different perspectives. Due to a lack of knowledge, this paper is one to recognize and address the practice of work conceptually from home that leads to higher education productivity in a single environment in a developing country. This research examined the daunting factors of WFH practising that affecting the productivity in Malaysia's higher education learning. The study results will shed some light on our understanding of the challenging factors WFH practices. It also provides researchers with the existing corpus of knowledge and a promise to expand the research stream on WFH practices. The empirical findings will suggest the challenges of working from home and how to face it by the academician in possible ways to obtain considerable potential for improving productivity a higher education institution in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local government (LG) is an agency that has been empowered through legal provisions to impose the assessment tax. Thus, it directly causes the affairs of tax administration to be parked under the scope and jurisdiction of the LGs. Assessment tax arrear is a long-standing issue that has been faced by the LGs. From time to time, the crisis of assessment tax arrears is considered as getting worse and it requires various proactive actions to be taken including re-evaluating the current administrative process of assessment tax as it is practicising by the LGs. The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors which related to tax administration that has influenced the existence of assessment tax arrears based on the perspective of taxpayers. This study also aims to assess the strength of the relationship between each of the factors involved. The required data were collected through a survey method and a set of related questionnaire form was used as a research instrument. The respondents of this study are consisting of property owners who are subject to pay the assessment tax. In overall, this study has involved 261 respondents. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and correlation methods. The findings of the study show that there are 8 administrative related factors that have influenced the existence of assessment tax arrears, namely taxation equality and justice, tax beliefs, tax expertise, staff adequacy, payment facility, transparency of services, tax incentives and tax communication. Through this study as well, it was found all the factors have a significant relationship with most of other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, most Muslim has high attention towards halal food especially here in Malaysia due to the increasing number of Muslim that consumes and promotes the halal food. The purpose of this study is to determine the most influential factors of food manufacturer towards online halal label. A purposive sampling technique was applied in selecting 50 food manufacturers at MAHA event located at MAEPS, Serdang, Selangor. The result of statistical tests, the knowledge, attitude and practices were a statistically significant association with the online halal label application among food manufacturer in Malaysia. From this study, it shows that the application of online halal label as a huge potential in Malaysia as the manufacturer is aware of the online application of the halal label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify the mathematical concept evident in the paintings entitled 'Mahsuri II' (1983) by Sulaiman Esa through symmetry analysis. The objective of this study is to do research on the factors connecting art appreciation aspects by describing the concept of symmetry that exist trough the beauty of pattern design in paintings that exhibits Islamic art images. This study involves creative analysis through a qualitative approach with descriptive inter-disciplinary implementation. Symmetric feature research is performed to classify the pattern design of paintings through the process of symmetry involving repetition. The collection of written and visual data was performed by means of documentation, visual recording, and observation methods to obtain information on the subject, design and meaning of the artwork studied. The research uncovered that aesthetical beauty value in Islamic art images that is defined through mathematical expression became the underlying element in paintings design that applies symmetric pattern design concept. It is not an exaggeration to say that symmetry is the basic principle that has long been a hidden structure underpinning the best works of art ever produced in the history of Islamic art. Research has reported that painting can be seen not only from the art's formalistic point of view, but also from the ethnomathematical angle, through the application of symmetrical features in the production of artworks. This study presents some of the ethnomathematical and Malay-Muslims discussions in its vast research. This is an implicit innovation element present in every thought of society. Efforts to enrich the scope of probable new possibilities in the field of painting are very meaningful and beneficial for today's and future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research presented in this paper concerns the development of a methodology for monitoring and continuous performance improvement in product development process. The proposed approach is derived from the classical Deming cycle adapted to a real industrial environment. The approach consists of four phases: Monitor, Analysis, Action and Review (MAAR). Through application of the MAAR approach, solution for the problems with the DMS were able to be achieved. This paper contributes in terms of practical application of the MAAR approach to continuous improvement in component selection process, a sub-process in product design stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plantation sector, especially the oil palm commodity, is currently the largest agricultural-based contributor to Malaysia economic projection involving both upstream and downstream activities. Due to the rapid expansion in this palm oil industry, there are high labour demands required in this sector. Since the fate of this sector is being put on a stake, recruiting foreign labours is the only way out from this dilemma. As a result, more than 78 % of labour [1] in this sector is mainly came from Indonesia, Bangladesh and the Philippines. Malaysia has become the main attention for the foreign labours to work in this country due to the wages being more competitive and generative working condition, especially in the plantation sector, provides the suitable accommodation compared to their origin country. The pressing issue now plantation and agriculture sectors too much dependence on foreign labour. As a result, all operation in this both sectors cannot be operated especially during covid 19. One of the best solutions is to hire the local youth to work in oil palm plantation and retain them to work in this sector. This study was done in order to analyse the pull or push factors in constructing a particular pattern of participation among the local's youth which by using Probit model which were working in oil palm plantation. A survey method through questionnaire was used to collect data from 942 of local youths between 16 years to 40 years old as focused respondents which were selected using random sampling method. The results showed the probability the local's youth to work in the plantation sector influence by demographic factors and job satisfaction. From this result can attract the local's youth which was not working in oil palm plantation to substitute foreign labour in plantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the important 'engines of growth' for developed and developing countries. They are the main share of total enterprises and contributes significantly to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment and export. Nevertheless, SMEs remain unachieved the expected success due to grapple with the failure risk, survival downturns and uncertainty environment. To overcome these challenges, the SMEs have to explore the best business strategies i.e crowdsourcing practices for their organisation to boost business performance. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate and profiling crowdsourcing practices among Malaysian SME's that possibly could be one of the organisational business strategies to complement resources scarcity and improve business performance. This study also exploring the crowdsourcing practices scenario in Malaysia, crowdsourcing business activities, crowdsourcing platforms and its effect towards business performance. The study employs quantitative approach. The findings revealed that, the crowdsourcing trends showed that SMEs not only crowdsource non-core business activities but they also tend to crowdsource some of core business or complex business activities such as new product development, marketing research and innovation activities to increase organisational capability to overcome internal resources constrains. The study also highlights both practical, theoretical implications, limitation and future study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research has been conducted to identify three main factors i) the level of knowledge on gemstone, ii) the choices of the types of gemstone among enthusiast, iii) factors that influenced the purchase of gemstone. A quantitative research questions were used to collect information and answered the aforementioned main factors. The total of 302 respondents includes Malay male from all over Kelantan. The focus of the research is on the knowledge of gemstone only in the category of precious gemstone which are diamond, ruby, sapphire and emerald. The outcome of the analysis shows over 86.1% of respondent can identify the characteristics of natural or synthetic gemstone. However, over 66.6% of respondents are not confident with the naturalness of the purchased gemstone and are not familiar with the term of the treated gemstone and gemstone certificate. The knowledge about gemstone colour, gemstone-producing countries and the price of gemstone are from the range of 17% to 84%. Ruby was the most popular choice among the respondents and the price that respondents willing to pay for a gemstone are between RM 500 – RM 1000. Moreover, most of the respondents agreed that personal factors (age, profession, economy, life style, personality) influenced individual in purchasing the gemstone. Overall, it can be included that the level of knowledge of gemstone among enthusiast in Kelantan is at alarming level based on the findings that 76.8% of the enthusiast are not familiar with the terms of treated gemstone and gemstone certificate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study is to analyse the effect of the time management skill among university students on their academic achievement. In this study, Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) developed by Britton and Tesser was administered to 120 randomly selected Agriculture students in Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Melaka. The respondents were 55 male and 65 female students. To analyse the effect of the time management, regression analysis was used and showed that there is exist positive linear relationship between time management skill and their academic achievement. When the data analysed with respect to gender variable, the female students obtained higher mean time management score than male students. Then, t-test is conducted and revealed that there is a difference in time management skills among gender statistically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agriculture sector has been the backbone of economy especially for producing agricultural products, food security, and the employment generation. However, sadly the intake patent for agriculture field in the public university in Malaysia shows the lowest number. Most youths are not interested in agriculture education in university due to their perception that agriculture courses are not as attractive as other courses. This study is aimed at determining the factors influencing the perception towards the agriculture field in high level education among public university students from across the East Coast Region, in Malaysia. Data that were collected through a questionnaire were analysed using descriptive analysis to achieve the aim of the study. The findings demonstrated that attitude was the most significant factor influencing the perception towards agriculture in high level education. Hopefully, this study can help other research to gain the perception of the students towards agriculture in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online learning is a platform that can be used for synchronous and asynchronous modes of communication during lessons has nowadays takes place over the Internet around the world. Distance learning has become an established method used globally in education sector to ensure continuity of teaching and learning ever since the Covid-19 pandemic in the year 2020. In order for online learning to be effective, students have to blends in with the new norms and adjust accordingly including balancing their self-learning skills and behaviour, which is crucial. Thus, this quantitative study demonstrates how the sociodemographic factors and socioeconomic status of a student could influence the students' self-learning necessity and effectiveness as well as their learning habits during Covid-19. The data for this study was collected through online questionnaires distributed via an online platform to a public university community in Malaysia across different faculties, whose learning was disrupted due to the crisis. From the survey, 668 respondents have consented to join the survey. As a result, this study reported that there is a slight increase of 3.2% of students' self-learning hours before and during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Besides, the study also found that there is a weak association between the five (5) sociodemographic independent variables consist of gender, current year of study, level of study, area of residence, and total family income per month in student's self-learning necessity and student's self-learning effectiveness during COVID-19 pandemic. Online learning promotes new educational process, albeit the results of this study, it still has significantly given an impact on the student's learning habits during Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the tourist perception of facilities management at the Handicraft Museum Kota Bharu Kelantan. The museum plays a vital role in educating, managing, and identifying the communities cultural heritage because it connects to their collective memories and identities in provoking their sense of attachment and belongingness. Due to limited of scientific information in the related field, this study argues the significance of facilities management in enhancing tourists and communities experience as well as connection with their identities of the past in the handicraft museum in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. This research uses quantitative research methods, which is a survey method on tourist perception. The survey was randomly disseminated through google form to respective visitors who had visited the museum. Results show that most visitors visited the museum once in their lifetime due to the poor facility management due to three categories of facilities management. The paper also suggests few aspects of improvisation in museum management such as to hire more staffs, visible information's guidelines, sufficient public amenities, visible marketing strategies and promotions. This research also highlights its concern on the existence of an open restaurant in the museum establishments, which affects the structure and façade of the museum in the future. This study contributes to the importance of facilities management in enhancing tourist and communities experience in learning and connecting to their past and identities, which eventually invokes their sense of belongingness and attachment to their cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kelantan is one of the states that have been focusing on jewellery buyers. The features of Kelantan jewellery can be seen through a unique design, traditional concept and offered at a very reasonable price. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying the level of knowledge and quality evaluation of jewellery products that are often judged by more than one quality feature. Quantitative methods are used to achieve this goal. The main data were collected through questionnaire survey method by interviewing 210 respondents. Respondents consist of Malay women buyers around gold shop in Kota Bharu city. Data collected and analyzed using a simple percentage method is descriptive statistics (frequency distribution and mean) and translated into table form. The collected data include demographic profiles, knowledge of jewellery and evaluation of jewellery products. The result of this research is used as a scientific reference to the parties involved directly or indirectly in this field. With the information and data obtained it can contribute to further developing the local jewellery industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a review of a Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) technology appropriate in high-power and high-frequency applications. GaN, as wide bandgap materials (WBG) has demonstrated superior material properties such as improved thermal conductivity and excellent electrical properties, has become an attractive candidate for the next generation of high-power and high-frequency applications. The occurrence of the two- dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channel at AlGaN/GaN heterostructures interface makes GaN HEMTs intrinsically Normally-on devices. However, the Normally-off operation is often desired in many power electronics applications. Several methods had been explained to obtain Normally-off devices. Therefore, Normally-off GaN-based HEMTs with a p-GaN gate method is among the most promising and the only commercially available today. First, this paper would summarize the physical properties and device performance of GaN material over Silicon (Si) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) and related to other WBG material. Then, a normally-on and normally-off configuration are explored. After that, the most relevant technological issues for normally-off HEMTs focusing on the p-GaN gate are discussed. Finally, the p-GaN interface's role and the impact of the thermal processes on the electrical characteristics are widely discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marbling is a pattern design created using inks that can float on the surface of water. The marbling technique is based on forming patterns on the surface of a liquid by manipulating floating paints. This pattern design possesses its own aesthetical value, that is the uniqueness of marbling pattern itself. Marbling can only be created once; it could not be repeated to recreate the same pattern for the second time. This is due to the influence of factors like the movement of air, water, and dye. Marbling was first introduced in 12th century Japan. It was known as "suminagashi" or inks floating on water surface that resulted in circular patterns. In the 15th century, the marbling technique started to flourish in Turkey and Persia, where it was known as "ebru" or "cloud art". Apart from inks, other materials involved in marbling creation includes oil paint and 'goughe'. The marbling technique continues to develop and reaches the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Holland, and Italy around the 17th century. The researcher combined two techniques to create marbling, namely the creation of block batik through the use of wax and marbling pattern design using reactive dye, that is remazol dye mixed with alginate that functions as a dye movement control agent. Block batik (batik terap) or (batik pukul) is one of Malaysia's renown traditional craft. It is created through waxing and dyeing. Batik production in Malaysia expanded in the 15th century. Its fame started in the East Coast states, namely Kelantan and Terengganu. The research founds that by combining marbling and block batik motifs, a new design in batik production process can be achieved. Marbling patterns were created on a silicate surface that replaced water. The silicate cured the resulting colour and pattern. From the research, it was found that silks and cottons are the most suitable for accurate dye and pattern absorption. This material could produce vibrant and orderly colours. In addition, marbling works splendidly with craft items and interior design decorations like curtains and pillowcases. The application of marbling on block batik motifs was found to be practical for entrepreneurs and students who wishes to enhance creativity in batik production. However, a continuous research is needed to simplify the process and technique for marbling and block batik production. The researcher has come up with a new application by combining block batik technique and marbling in contemporary batik creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent developments in the rabbit industry have heightened a valuable contribution to the sustainability of Malaysian economies. Rabbits are easily integrated into advanced farming processes as they have short gestation interval, high reproductive capacity, genetic diversity and the potential to utilize forages and by-products as main dietary components that allow them ideal as meat. To rise the meager prospects in this industry, the goal of this research is to determine impact of participation on rabbit farming entrepreneurship for beginners module among B40. The study made use of primary data obtained through a structured questionnaire, whereas a total of 81 respondents from Kelantan and Johor States were participated in this training module and subjected to descriptive analysis and pre and post assessment. This study revealed that the majority of the respondents were interested to join this training module. Respondents also agreed that they have extensive knowledge and skills after participating in the rabbit farming entrepreneurship for beginners module. Besides that, most of the respondents agree rabbit farming can create new jobs for them and improve the quality of life of their family. The effectiveness of the rabbit farming entrepreneurship training module was significantly affected (P<0.001). It was therefore recommended that it would be very beneficial if seminar or training were continuously conducted to create awareness among farmers as it can generate massive income potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of laboratory experiences of engineering and engineering technology students has led to an increasing in the attention being paid to the development of students' psychomotor skills. One of the reasons that psychomotor seems to be less important in the past is because of the lack of suitable measuring tools despite it is important in the engineering and engineering technology course. Furthermore, a current assessment which is using report and test to evaluate the experience of student practice in the laboratory only help in assessing students' knowledge in cognitive skill. Thus, a new study method is needed to focus on evaluating engineering technology students in terms of their understanding of the component called 'hands-on practical experience' during their practical skill classes or experiment. The existing technique for evaluating psychomotor abilities that have emerged from attempts to improve selection in recruitment processes may provide a potentially useful tool for such a purpose. The point of this study is to create a new approach to test a change in practical experience to assess unintentional learning related to classic psychomotor skills in engineering technology laboratory classes. The methodology used to build up the instrument is portrayed and the empirical data collected to support its validity is presented. Thus, this research aims to find a way to measure the practical skill involve in a psychomotor change in an engineering laboratory class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Second language or foreign language learners commonly experience anxiety when they have to speak using the target language. This is made even more apparent when they are required to present during a speaking assessment or speak in front of their peers. Thus, this study was done with the aim to measure UiTM students' speaking anxiety in English oral presentations in relation to their level of language proficiency. 244 students from four different faculties in UiTM Melaka were given a set of questionnaires that consisted of 33 items adapted from Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS). The data collected through the questionnaires was then analysed using statistical analysis (SPSS). The results showed that the participants experienced high level of speaking anxiety in English oral presentations in all three of the speaking anxieties dimensions. Pearson Correlation test also revealed that there was a significant inverse relationship between their level of language proficiency and speaking anxiety, particularly in terms of fear of negative evaluation and test anxiety. Hence, the results from this study concluded that the students' language proficiency was significant in examining their speaking anxiety and subsequently, can help provide an understanding on how to tackle the issue of language learners' speaking anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]