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932 results on '"Mori, Tadashi"'

154. Inherently Chiral Azonia[6]helicene-Modified β-Cyclodextrin: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chirality Sensing of Underivatized Amino Acids in Water

Author

Huang, Qinfei, primary, Jiang, Liangwei, additional, Liang, Wenting, additional, Gui, Jianchang, additional, Xu, Dingguo, additional, Wu, Wanhua, additional, Nakai, Yoshito, additional, Nishijima, Masaki, additional, Fukuhara, Gaku, additional, Mori, Tadashi, additional, Inoue, Yoshihisa, additional, and Yang, Cheng, additional

Published
2016
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156. General Exception Clauses in International Investment Agreements Concluded by Japan (Japanese)

Author

MORI Tadashi and KOTERA Akira

Abstract

A "general exception clause" can be found in some International Investment Agreements (IIAs), including those concluded by Japan. However, there is no prevailing definition of the concept. Consequently, this paper first clarifies the concept before examining it from the perspective of the balance between the protection of investors and the regulatory power of the host state. The paper reaches a number of conclusions. First, while a general exception clause is defined in one Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) research paper as providing general exceptions from IIA obligations, general exception clauses in IIAs concluded by Japan are different because they are very closely modeled on, or incorporate, mutatis mutandis, the general exception provisions in Article XX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and/or Article XIV of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) (General Exceptions modeled on GATT/GATS). Second, a general exception clause modeled on GATT/GATS can justify the violation of the obligation of fair and equitable treatment (FET) only when FET is greater than the minimum standard of the treatment of foreigners granted by the customary international law. In other words, such a clause cannot justify the violation of FET when it means the minimum standard of treatment. Third, it is submitted that the Japanese government needs to reconsider the definition of the general exception clauses that it provides in any future IIAs. It seems difficult to find persuasive grounds for defining it according to the GATT/GATS model. Japan also needs to reexamine the scope of the exceptions of the general exception clause, which do not have to be limited by those listed on GATT/GATS. Moreover, even if it retains the current definition of general exception clauses, Japan should take into account the interrelationship between general exception clauses modeled on GATT/GATS and substantial obligation clauses such as FET.

Published
2014

157. Selective Formation of Helical Tetrapyrrin‐Fused Porphyrins by Oxidation of β‐to‐β Linked meso‐Aminoporphyrin Dimers.

Author

Fujimoto, Keisuke, Shimizu, Daiki, Mori, Tadashi, Li, Yuanyuan, Zhou, Mingbo, Song, Jianxin, and Osuka, Atsuhiro

Subjects
OXIDATION, PORPHYRINS, CHEMICAL reactions, ENANTIOMERS, AZEPINES
Abstract

Oxidation of β‐to‐β directly linked and sulfur‐bridged meso‐amino NiII‐porphyrin dimers with PbO2 gave helical tetrapyrrin (biliverdin analogue)‐fused NiII‐porphyrins. These ring cleaving reactions differ markedly from the previously reported oxidation of a β–β linked NiII‐porphyrin dimer carrying one amino group, which gave an azepine‐fused porphyrin dimer. The tetrapyrrin‐fused NiII‐porphyrins display intense NIR absorption bands at 1200–1400 nm and reversible redox processes because of the highly π‐conjugated networks and rigid structures. These tetrapyrrin‐fused NiII‐porphyrins were separated to stable enantiomers, which showed clear Cotton effects in their CD spectra with Δϵ of 102 order. Oxidation of β‐to‐β directly linked and sulfur‐bridged meso‐amino NiII‐porphyrin dimers gave helical tetrapyrrin‐fused NiII‐porphyrins, which displayed intense NIR absorption bands and reversible redox processes because of their highly π‐conjugated networks. These porphyrins were separated into enantiomers, which showed clear Cotton effects in their CD spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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159. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Circular Dichroism of Staggered and Eclipsed Forms of Dimethoxy[2.2]-, [3.2]-, and [3.3]Pyridinophanes and Their Protonated Forms

Author

Shimizu, Akinori, Inoue, Yoshihisa, and Mori, Tadashi

Abstract

The circular dichroisms (CDs) of dimethoxy[2.2]-, [3.2]-, and [3.3]pyridinophanes and their protonated forms were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Characteristic multisignate Cotton effects (CEs), typical for planar chiral cyclophane derivatives, were observed. The CD spectral pattern was quite comparable for the staggered forms of [2.2]-, [3.2]-, and [3.3]cyclophanes, but significantly differed for the eclipsed forms. More interestingly, the patterns resembled, but the CE signs were practically opposite between staggered and eclipsed [2.2]pyridinophanes. Upon protonation, the signs of most CEs were inverted in both forms of cyclophanes, due to the reversal of dipole moment in the pyridine against the pyridinium moiety. Such a change in CD spectrum upon protonation was not apparent in [3.2]pyridinophane, and the CD spectral behavior was more complex in [3.3]pyridinophanes. The variation of CD caused by the protonation/deprotonation process was temperature-dependent and hence utilized as a thermal sensor. The protonated forms of the homologous pyridinophanes with different tether lengths in staggered and eclipsed forms served as a model system for systematically studying the cation−π interaction and its effects on chiroptical properties. A steady increase of electronic interaction became apparent for the smaller-sized cyclophanes from the increased excitation energy and electronic coupling element of the charge-transfer (CT) band, while the observed CE at the CT band was a more complex function of the original transition dipole of donor/acceptor pair and linker atoms, as well as the strength of the electronic interaction.

Published
2024
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165. Highly enantiomeric supramolecular [4+4] photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate mediated by human serum albumin

Author

Nishijima, Masaki, Wada, Takehiko, Mori, Tadashi, Pace, Tamara C. S., Bohne, Cornelia, and Inoue, Yoshihisa

Subjects
Serum albumin -- Chemical properties, Photochemistry -- Analysis, Biomolecules -- Research, Biomolecules -- Chemical properties, Chemistry
Abstract

Photochirogenesis with biomolecules continues to pose a challenge due to the ambivalent nature of biomolecules. A study is conducted to demonstrate that the supramolecular photochirogenesis with biomolecules, especially HSA, is a promising strategy for photochemically transferring the microenvironmental chirality to a parochial substrate through supramolecular interactions.

Published
2007

172. Enantiodifferentiating photoaddition of alcohols to 1, 1-diphenylpropene in supercritical carbon dioxide: sudden jump of optical yield at the critical density

Author

Nishiyama, Yasuhiro, Kaneda, Masayuki, Saito, Ryota, Mori, Tadashi, Wada, Takehiko, and Inoue, Yoshihisa

Subjects
Carbon dioxide -- Chemical properties, Alcohols -- Analysis, Propylene -- Chemical properties, Chemistry
Abstract

The enantiodifferentiating polar photoaddition of alcohol to 1,1-diphenylpropene sensitized by chiral naphthalenecarboxylates is chosen to expand the scope of photochirogensis in supercritical fluids (SCF) to bimolecular reaction systems and to elucidate the origin of the discontinuous pressure dependence of ee in scCO2. It is shown that increasing alcohol size and pressure enhances the product ee.

Published
2004

173. Nanocoating onto arteries via layer-by-layer deposition: toward the in vivo repair of damaged blood vessels

Author

Thierry, Benjamin, Winnik, Francoise M., Merhi, Yahye, Tabrizan, Maryam, and Mori, Tadashi

Subjects
Chitin -- Research, Chitin -- Chemical properties, Molecules -- Research, Blood vessels -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

The deposition of self-assembled nanocoatings onto arteries, as a means not only to protect an artery damaged during the revascularization procedure against blood coagulation to control the healing processes by incorporating bioactive molecules within the multilayer is described.

Published
2003

174. Bovine serum albumin-mediated enantiodifferentiating photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate

Author

Wada, Takehiko; Nakamura, Asao, Nishijima, Masaki; Inoue, Yoshihisa, Fujisawa, Tai, Sugahara, Norimitsu, and Mori, Tadashi

Subjects
Organic photochemistry -- Research, Actinium -- Research, Actinium -- Chemical properties, Serum albumin -- Usage, Serum albumin -- Chemical properties, Chemistry
Abstract

A dynamic supramolecular photochirogenesis using Bovine serum albumin (BSA), employing 2-anthracenecarboxylate (AC) as a prochiral substrate is proposed. The complexion behavior of AC by BSA, and subsequently performed enantiodifferentiating photoclodimerization is examined.

Published
2003

175. Porphyrin‐Based Air‐Stable Helical Radicals.

Author

Kato, Kenichi, Osuka, Atsuhiro, Furukawa, Ko, and Mori, Tadashi

Subjects
PORPHYRINS, SOLVENTS, SPECTROMETERS, CYCLIC voltammetry, ETHYLENE dibromide
Abstract

Abstract: Stable helical radicals are promising multi‐functional molecules in light of intriguing magnetic and chiroptical properties. Attempts were made to extend diphenylmethyl‐fused NiII porphyrin radical to helical system as the first air‐stable organic neutral helical radicals. Intramolecular Pd‐catalyzed twofold C−H arylation of methyl‐ or methoxy‐introduced meso‐diphenylmethyl NiII porphyrins gave a mixture of the target and rearranged radicals. Oxidative fusion reaction of meso‐(bis(1‐naphthyl)methyl) NiII porphyrins provided doubly fused NiII porphyrin radicals. One of the helical radicals was separated into enantiomers that showed mirror‐image circular dichroism (CD) spectra up to 1300 nm. The helical dinaphthylmethyl‐fused NiII porphyrin radical displayed solid‐state magnetic property mostly arising from monomeric radicals, different from the parent diphenylmethyl‐fused NiII porphyrin radical that showed antiferromagnetic coupling due to π‐stacked pairing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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176. Closed Pentaaza[9]helicene and Hexathia[9]/[5]helicene: Oxidative Fusion Reactions of ortho-Phenylene-Bridged Cyclic Hexapyrroles and Hexathiophenes.

Author

Chen, Fengkun, Tanaka, Takayuki, Hong, Yong Seok, Mori, Tadashi, Kim, Dongho, and Osuka, Atsuhiro

Subjects
HELICENES, NUCLEAR fusion, OXIDATION, PHENYLENE compounds, PYRROLES, X-ray diffraction
Abstract

Oxidative fusion reactions of ortho-phenylene-bridged cyclic hexapyrroles and hexathiophenes furnished novel closed helicenes in a selective manner. X-Ray diffraction analysis unambiguously revealed the structures to be a closed pentaaza[9]helicene, the longest azahelicene reported so far, and an unexpected double-helical structure of hexathia[9]/[5]helicene, whose formation was assumed to result from multiple oxidative fusion along with a 1,2-aryl shift. The pentaaza[9]helicene exhibited well-defined emission with high fluorescence quantum yield ( ΦF=0.31) among the known [9]helicenes. Chiral resolution of the racemic pentaaza[9]helicene and hexathia[9]/[5]helicene were achieved by chiral-phase HPLC and the enantiomers were characterized by circular dichroism spectra and DFT calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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186. Spiroborate-Based Double-Stranded Helicates: Meso-to-RacemoIsomerization and Ion-Triggered Springlike Motion of the Racemo-Helicate

Author

Ousaka, Naoki, Shimizu, Kaori, Suzuki, Yoshimasa, Iwata, Takuya, Itakura, Manabu, Taura, Daisuke, Iida, Hiroki, Furusho, Yoshio, Mori, Tadashi, and Yashima, Eiji

Abstract

A one-handed double-stranded spiroborate helicate exhibits a unique reversible extension–contraction motion coupled with a twisting motion in one direction triggered by binding and release of a Na+ion while retaining its handedness. Here we report that an extended meso-helicate was also produced together with the racemo-helicate, and the meso-helicate was readily converted to the racemo-helicate assisted by a Na+ion as a template in the presence of water. The thermodynamic analyses of the ion-triggered springlike motion of the racemo-helicate using a series of monovalent cations with different sizes revealed that the association constants of the extended racemo-helicate decreased in the following order: Li+> Na+> NH4+> Ag+≥ K+> Cs+> Rb+, which roughly agrees with the reverse order of their ionic radii except for the NH4+ion due to the more elongated contracted helicates when complexed with larger cations as supported by the crystal and DFT calculated structures. The one-handed contracted helicates showed characteristic CD spectra depending on the cation species due to the differences in their contracted helical structures, and its absolute handedness of the spiroborate helicate was determined by X-ray crystallography. The kinetic studies of the springlike motions of the racemo-helicate showed that the exchange rate between the extended and contracted helicates tend to increase in the following order: Li+< Na+< K+≤ NH4+< Rb+< Cs+< Ag+as anticipated from the association constants, being in good agreement with the order of the cation sizes except for Ag+.

Published
2018
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193. Diastereodifferentiating Photocyclodimerization of 2-Anthracenecarboxylates Tethered to a Cyclic Tetrasaccharide Scaffold: Critical Control of Photoreactivity and Stereoselectivity

Author

Fukuhara, Gaku, primary, Nakamura, Tomohiro, additional, Kawanami, Yuko, additional, Yang, Cheng, additional, Mori, Tadashi, additional, Hiramatsu, Hiroyuki, additional, Dan-oh, Yasufumi, additional, Nishimoto, Tomoyuki, additional, Tsujimoto, Kazuo, additional, and Inoue, Yoshihisa, additional

Published
2013
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198. Numerical study of arc in SF6 gas circuit breaker with externally applied magnetic field.

Author

Hirayama, Satoshi, Fujino, Takayasu, Ishikawa, Motoo, Mori, Tadashi, and Kawano, Hiromichi

Subjects
MAGNETIC fields, ELECTRIC transients, GAS circuit breakers, PERMANENT magnets, LORENTZ force
Abstract

The influence of an externally applied magnetic field on the characteristics and the transient behavior of the arc in a gas circuit breaker is examined by means of three-dimensional time-dependent numerical simulations. It is assumed that the gas circuit breaker has a ring-shaped permanent magnet and an arc is exposed to the externally applied magnetic field. Numerical results demonstrate that the rotation of arc induced by the Lorentz force produces a three-dimensional spiral structure of the arc. As a consequence of the rotation, the arc shrinks and the arc temperature decreases remarkably just before the time when the arc current is zero, so that applying the magnetic field increases the arc voltage. The numerical results also show that a swirling flow generated by the Lorentz force carries a thermal energy toward the thermal puffer room mainly by the convection during the high arc current phase, and as a result the pressure in the thermal puffer room increases. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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