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151. The spatial distribution of planetary ion fluxes near Mars observed by MAVEN

Author

Brain, D. A., primary, McFadden, J. P., additional, Halekas, J. S., additional, Connerney, J. E. P., additional, Bougher, S. W., additional, Curry, S., additional, Dong, C. F., additional, Dong, Y., additional, Eparvier, F., additional, Fang, X., additional, Fortier, K., additional, Hara, T., additional, Harada, Y., additional, Jakosky, B. M., additional, Lillis, R. J., additional, Livi, R., additional, Luhmann, J. G., additional, Ma, Y., additional, Modolo, R., additional, and Seki, K., additional

Published
2015
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155. PP.40.22

Author

Sabbatini, A., primary, Barbaro, N.R., additional, Faria, A.P. Cabral De, additional, Ritter, A., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Pinho, C., additional, Moreno, B., additional, Fontana, V., additional, and Moreno, H., additional

Published
2015
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156. PP.26.21

Author

Modolo, R., primary, De Faria, A.P., additional, Ritter, A.M.V., additional, Sabbatini, A.R., additional, Batista, N., additional, Brunelli, V., additional, Barbaro, N.R., additional, Almeida, A., additional, and Moreno, H., additional

Published
2015
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157. PP.40.20

Author

Corrêa, N., primary, Ritter, A.M., additional, Faria, A.P., additional, Fontana, V., additional, Barbaro, N., additional, Sabbatini, A., additional, Brunelli, V., additional, Modolo, R., additional, and Moreno, H., additional

Published
2015
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158. PP.40.23

Author

Ritter, A., primary, Fontana, V., additional, Faria, A.P. Cabral De, additional, Sabbatini, A.R., additional, Barbaro, N.R., additional, Corrêa, N.B., additional, Brunelli, V., additional, Modolo, R., additional, and Junior, H. Moreno, additional

Published
2015
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159. PP.40.14

Author

De Faria, A., primary, Modolo, R., additional, Ritter, A., additional, Sabbatini, A., additional, Barbaro, N., additional, Corrêa, N., additional, Brunelli, V., additional, and Moreno, H., additional

Published
2015
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161. Outflow and plasma acceleration in Titan's induced magnetotail : Evidence of magnetic tension forces

Author

Romanelli, N., Modolo, R., Dubinin, E., Berthelier, J. -J, Bertucci, C., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Leblanc, F., Canu, P., Edberg, Niklas, Waite, H., Kurth, W. S., Gurnett, D., Coates, A., Dougherty, M., Romanelli, N., Modolo, R., Dubinin, E., Berthelier, J. -J, Bertucci, C., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Leblanc, F., Canu, P., Edberg, Niklas, Waite, H., Kurth, W. S., Gurnett, D., Coates, A., and Dougherty, M.

Abstract

Cassini plasma wave and particle observations are combined with magnetometer measurements to study Titan's induced magnetic tail. In this study, we report and analyze the plasma acceleration in Titan's induced magnetotail observed in flybys T17, T19, and T40. Radio and Plasma Wave Science observations show regions of cold plasma with electron densities between 0.1 and a few tens of electrons per cubic centimeter. The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS)-ion mass spectrometer (IMS) measurements suggest that ionospheric plasma in this region is composed of ions with masses ranging from 15 to 17 amu and from 28 to 31 amu. From these measurements, we determine the bulk velocity of the plasma and the Alfven velocity in Titan's tail region. Finally, a Walen test of such measurements suggest that the progressive acceleration of the ionospheric plasma shown by CAPS can be interpreted in terms of magnetic tension forces.

Published
2014
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162. Outflow and plasma acceleration in Titan's induced magnetotail: Evidence of magnetic tension forces

Author

Romanelli, N., primary, Modolo, R., additional, Dubinin, E., additional, Berthelier, J.‐J., additional, Bertucci, C., additional, Wahlund, J. E., additional, Leblanc, F., additional, Canu, P., additional, Edberg, N. J. T., additional, Waite, H., additional, Kurth, W. S., additional, Gurnett, D., additional, Coates, A., additional, and Dougherty, M., additional

Published
2014
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163. TandEM: Titan and Enceladus mission

Author

Coustenis, A. Atreya, S.K. Balint, T. Brown, R.H. Dougherty, M.K. Ferri, F. Fulchignoni, M. Gautier, D. Gowen, R.A. Griffith, C.A. Gurvits, L.I. Jaumann, R. Langevin, Y. Leese, M.R. Lunine, J.I. McKay, C.P. Moussas, X. Müller-Wodarg, I. Neubauer, F. Owen, T.C. Raulin, F. Sittler, E.C. Sohl, F. Sotin, C. Tobie, G. Tokano, T. Turtle, E.P. Wahlund, J.-E. Waite, J.H. Baines, K.H. Blamont, J. Coates, A.J. Dandouras, I. Krimigis, T. Lellouch, E. Lorenz, R.D. Morse, A. Porco, C.C. Hirtzig, M. Saur, J. Spilker, T. Zarnecki, J.C. Choi, E. Achilleos, N. Amils, R. Annan, P. Atkinson, D.H. Bénilan, Y. Bertucci, C. Bézard, B. Bjoraker, G.L. Blanc, M. Boireau, L. Bouman, J. Cabane, M. Capria, M.T. Chassefière, E. Coll, P. Combes, M. Cooper, J.F. Coradini, A. Crary, F. Cravens, T. Daglis, I.A. de Angelis, E. de Bergh, C. de Pater, I. Dunford, C. Durry, G. Dutuit, O. Fairbrother, D. Flasar, F.M. Fortes, A.D. Frampton, R. Fujimoto, M. Galand, M. Grasset, O. Grott, M. Haltigin, T. Herique, A. Hersant, F. Hussmann, H. Ip, W. Johnson, R. Kallio, E. Kempf, S. Knapmeyer, M. Kofman, W. Koop, R. Kostiuk, T. Krupp, N. Küppers, M. Lammer, H. Lara, L.-M. Lavvas, P. Le Mouélic, S. Lebonnois, S. Ledvina, S. Li, J. Livengood, T.A. Lopes, R.M. Lopez-Moreno, J.-J. Luz, D. Mahaffy, P.R. Mall, U. Martinez-Frias, J. Marty, B. McCord, T. Salvan, C.M. Milillo, A. Mitchell, D.G. Modolo, R. Mousis, O. Nakamura, M. Neish, C.D. Nixon, C.A. Mvondo, D.N. Orton, G. Paetzold, M. Pitman, J. Pogrebenko, S. Pollard, W. Prieto-Ballesteros, O. Rannou, P. Reh, K. Richter, L. Robb, F.T. Rodrigo, R. Rodriguez, S. Romani, P. Bermejo, M.R. Sarris, E.T. Schenk, P. Schmitt, B. Schmitz, N. Schulze-Makuch, D. Schwingenschuh, K. Selig, A. Sicardy, B. Soderblom, L. Spilker, L.J. Stam, D. Steele, A. Stephan, K. Strobel, D.F. Szego, K. Szopa, C. Thissen, R. Tomasko, M.G. Toublanc, D. Vali, H. Vardavas, I. Vuitton, V. West, R.A. Yelle, R. Young, E.F.

Abstract

TandEM was proposed as an L-class (large) mission in response to ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Call, and accepted for further studies, with the goal of exploring Titan and Enceladus. The mission concept is to perform in situ investigations of two worlds tied together by location and properties, whose remarkable natures have been partly revealed by the ongoing Cassini-Huygens mission. These bodies still hold mysteries requiring a complete exploration using a variety of vehicles and instruments. TandEM is an ambitious mission because its targets are two of the most exciting and challenging bodies in the Solar System. It is designed to build on but exceed the scientific and technological accomplishments of the Cassini-Huygens mission, exploring Titan and Enceladus in ways that are not currently possible (full close-up and in situ coverage over long periods of time). In the current mission architecture, TandEM proposes to deliver two medium-sized spacecraft to the Saturnian system. One spacecraft would be an orbiter with a large host of instruments which would perform several Enceladus flybys and deliver penetrators to its surface before going into a dedicated orbit around Titan alone, while the other spacecraft would carry the Titan in situ investigation components, i.e. a hot-air balloon (Montgolfière) and possibly several landing probes to be delivered through the atmosphere. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2008.

Published
2009

169. Extreme densities in Titan's ionosphere during the T85 magnetosheath encounter

Author

Edberg, Niklas J. T., Andrews, David J., Shebanits, Oleg, Ågren, K., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Opgenoorth, Hermann J., Roussos, E., Garnier, P., Cravens, T. E., Badman, S. V., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., Dougherty, M. K., Edberg, Niklas J. T., Andrews, David J., Shebanits, Oleg, Ågren, K., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Opgenoorth, Hermann J., Roussos, E., Garnier, P., Cravens, T. E., Badman, S. V., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., and Dougherty, M. K.

Abstract

We present Cassini Langmuir probe measurements of the highest electron number densities ever reported from the ionosphere of Titan. The measured density reached 4310cm(-3) during the T85 Titan flyby. This is at least 500cm(-3) higher than ever observed before and at least 50% above the average density for similar solar zenith angles. The peak of the ionospheric density is not reached on this flyby, making the maximum measured density a lower limit. During this flyby, we also report that an impacting coronal mass ejection (CME) leaves Titan in the magnetosheath of Saturn, where it is exposed to shocked solar wind plasma for at least 2 h 45 min. We suggest that the solar wind plasma in the magnetosheath during the CME conditions significantly modifies Titan's ionosphere by an addition of particle impact ionization by precipitating protons.

Published
2013
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170. Extreme densities in Titan's ionosphere during the T85 magnetosheath encounter

Author

T. Edberg, N. J., Andrews, D. J., Shebanits, O., Ågren, K., Wahlund, J.-e., Opgenoorth, H. J., Roussos, E., Garnier, P., Cravens, T. E., Badman, S. V., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., Dougherty, M. K., T. Edberg, N. J., Andrews, D. J., Shebanits, O., Ågren, K., Wahlund, J.-e., Opgenoorth, H. J., Roussos, E., Garnier, P., Cravens, T. E., Badman, S. V., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., and Dougherty, M. K.

Abstract

We present Cassini Langmuir probe measurements of the highest electron number densities ever reported from the ionosphere of Titan. The measured density reached 4310 cm−3 during the T85 Titan flyby. This is at least 500 cm−3 higher than ever observed before and at least 50% above the average density for similar solar zenith angles. The peak of the ionospheric density is not reached on this flyby, making the maximum measured density a lower limit. During this flyby, we also report that an impacting coronal mass ejection (CME) leaves Titan in the magnetosheath of Saturn, where it is exposed to shocked solar wind plasma for at least 2 h 45 min. We suggest that the solar wind plasma in the magnetosheath during the CME conditions significantly modifies Titan's ionosphere by an addition of particle impact ionization by precipitating protons.

Published
2013

171. Detection of currents and associated electric fields in Titan's ionosphere from Cassini data

Author

Ågren, Karin, Andrews, D. J., Buchert, Stephan, Coates, A. J., Cowley, S. W. H., Dougherty, M. K., Edberg, Niklas, Garnier, P., Lewis, G. R., Modolo, R., Opgenoorth, Hermann, Provan, G., Rosenqvist, L., Talboys, D. L., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Wellbrock, A., Ågren, Karin, Andrews, D. J., Buchert, Stephan, Coates, A. J., Cowley, S. W. H., Dougherty, M. K., Edberg, Niklas, Garnier, P., Lewis, G. R., Modolo, R., Opgenoorth, Hermann, Provan, G., Rosenqvist, L., Talboys, D. L., Wahlund, Jan-Erik, and Wellbrock, A.

Abstract

We present observations from three Cassini flybys of Titan using data from the radio and plasma wave science, magnetometer and plasma spectrometer instruments. We combine magnetic field and cold plasma measurements with calculated conductivities and conclude that there are currents of the order of 10 to 100 nA m (2) flowing in the ionosphere of Titan. The currents below the exobase (similar to 1400 km) are principally field parallel and Hall in nature, while the Pedersen current is negligible in comparison. Associated with the currents are perpendicular electric fields ranging from 0.5 to 3 mu V m (1).

Published
2011
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172. Electron density and temperature measurements in the cold plasma environment of Titan : Implications for atmospheric escape

Author

Edberg, Niklas, Wahlund, Jan Erik, Ågren, K., Morooka, Michiko W., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., Dougherty, M. K., Edberg, Niklas, Wahlund, Jan Erik, Ågren, K., Morooka, Michiko W., Modolo, R., Bertucci, C., and Dougherty, M. K.

Abstract

We present electron temperature and density measurements of Titan's cold ionospheric plasma from the Langmuir probe instrument on Cassini from 52 flybys. An expression of the density as a function of temperature is presented for altitudes below two Titan radii. The density falls off exponentially with increased temperature as log(n(e)) = -2.0log(T-e) + 0.6 on average around Titan. We show that this relation varies with location around Titan as well as with the solar illumination direction. Significant heating of the electrons appears to take place on the night/wake side of Titan as the density-temperature relation is less steep there. Furthermore, we show that the magnetospheric ram pressure is not balanced by the thermal and magnetic pressure in the topside ionosphere and discuss its implications for plasma escape. The cold ionospheric plasma of Titan extends to higher altitudes in the wake region, indicating the loss of atmosphere down the induced magnetospheric tail.

Published
2010
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173. On the ionospheric structure of Titan

Author

Ågren, Karin, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Garnier, Philippe, Modolo, R., Cui, J., Galand, M., Mueller-Wodarg, I., Ågren, Karin, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Garnier, Philippe, Modolo, R., Cui, J., Galand, M., and Mueller-Wodarg, I.

Abstract

In this study we present data from 17 Titan flybys showing that solar photons are the main ionisation source of Titan's dayside atmosphere. This is the first comprehensive study of Solar Zenith Angle (SZA) dependence of the electron number density and electron temperature at the ionospheric peak. The results show on average four times more plasma on the dayside compared to the nightside, with typical dayside electron densities of around 2500-3500 cm(-3) and corresponding nightside densities of around 400-1000 cm(-3). We identify a broad transition region between SZA 50 degrees and 100 degrees, where the ionosphere of Titan changes from being entirely sunlit to being in the shadow of the moon. For SZA <50 degrees the ionisation peak altitude increases with increasing SZA, whereas the transition region and the nightside show more scattered ionospheric peak altitudes. Typical electron temperatures at the ionospheric peak are 0.03-0.06 eV (approximate to 350-700 K) for both dayside and nightside. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2009
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174. Rosetta and Mars Express observations of the influence of high solar wind pressure on the Martian plasma environment

Author

Edberg, Niklas, Auster, U., Barabash, S., Boesswetter, A., Brain, D. A., Burch, J. L., Carr, C. M., Cowley, S. W. H., Cupido, E., Duru, F., Eriksson, Anders, Fraenz, M., Glassmeier, K. -H, Goldstein, R., Lester, M., Lundin, R., Modolo, R., Nilsson, H., Richter, I., Samara, M., Trotignon, J. G., Edberg, Niklas, Auster, U., Barabash, S., Boesswetter, A., Brain, D. A., Burch, J. L., Carr, C. M., Cowley, S. W. H., Cupido, E., Duru, F., Eriksson, Anders, Fraenz, M., Glassmeier, K. -H, Goldstein, R., Lester, M., Lundin, R., Modolo, R., Nilsson, H., Richter, I., Samara, M., and Trotignon, J. G.

Abstract

We report on new simultaneous in-situ observations at Mars from Rosetta and Mars Express (MEX) on how the Martian plasma environment is affected by high pressure solar wind. A significant sharp increase in solar wind density, magnetic field strength and turbulence followed by a gradual increase in solar wind velocity is observed during similar to 24 h in the combined data set from both spacecraft after Rosetta's closest approach to Mars on 25 February 2007. The bow shock and magnetic pileup boundary are coincidently observed by MEX to become asymmetric in their shapes. The fortunate orbit of MEX at this time allows a study of the inbound boundary crossings on one side of the planet and the outbound crossings on almost the opposite side, both very close to the terminator plane. The solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) downstream of Mars are monitored through simultaneous measurements provided by Rosetta. Possible explanations for the asymmetries are discussed, such as crustal magnetic fields and IMF direction. In the same interval, during the high solar wind pressure pulse, MEX observations show an increased amount of escaping planetary ions from the polar region of Mars. We link the high pressure solar wind with the observed simultaneous ion outflow and discuss how the pressure pulse could also be associated with the observed boundary shape asymmetry.

Published
2009
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175. An innovative decision support system for quantitative risk assessment and clean-up objectives selection

Author

Duong, Viet-Long, Formisyn, Pascal, Bourgois, Jacques, Modolo, R., Centre Sciences, Information et Technologies pour l'Environnement (SITE-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Maîtrise des Impacts Environnementaux et des Risques Industriels (MIRI-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SITE, and Breuil, Florent

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

http://books.google.fr/books?id=AWzYMoHztpgC&lpg=PA1019&ots=UfKnSvD87Z&dq=An%20innovative%20decision%20support%20system%20for%20quantitative%20risk%20assessment%20and%20clean-up%20objectives%20selection&hl=fr&pg=PA1019#v=onepage&q=An%20innovative%20decision%20support%20system%20for%20quantitative%20risk%20assessment%20and%20clean-up%20objectives%20selection&f=false; International audience

Published
1998

179. Extreme densities in Titan's ionosphere during the T85 magnetosheath encounter

Author

T. Edberg, N. J., primary, Andrews, D. J., additional, Shebanits, O., additional, Ågren, K., additional, Wahlund, J.‐E., additional, Opgenoorth, H. J., additional, Roussos, E., additional, Garnier, P., additional, Cravens, T. E., additional, Badman, S. V., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Bertucci, C., additional, and Dougherty, M. K., additional

Published
2013
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185. Detection of currents and associated electric fields in Titan's ionosphere from Cassini data

Author

Ågren, K., primary, Andrews, D. J., additional, Buchert, S. C., additional, Coates, A. J., additional, Cowley, S. W. H., additional, Dougherty, M. K., additional, Edberg, N. J. T., additional, Garnier, P., additional, Lewis, G. R., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Opgenoorth, H., additional, Provan, G., additional, Rosenqvist, L., additional, Talboys, D. L., additional, Wahlund, J.-E., additional, and Wellbrock, A., additional

Published
2011
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191. A comparison of global models for the solar wind interaction with Mars

Author

Brain, D., primary, Barabash, S., additional, Boesswetter, A., additional, Bougher, S., additional, Brecht, S., additional, Chanteur, G., additional, Hurley, D., additional, Dubinin, E., additional, Fang, X., additional, Fraenz, M., additional, Halekas, J., additional, Harnett, E., additional, Holmstrom, M., additional, Kallio, E., additional, Lammer, H., additional, Ledvina, S., additional, Liemohn, M., additional, Liu, K., additional, Luhmann, J., additional, Ma, Y., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Nagy, A., additional, Motschmann, U., additional, Nilsson, H., additional, Shinagawa, H., additional, Simon, S., additional, and Terada, N., additional

Published
2010
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192. Rosetta and Mars Express observations of the influence of high solar wind pressure on the Martian plasma environment

Author

Edberg, N. J. T., primary, Auster, U., additional, Barabash, S., additional, Bößwetter, A., additional, Brain, D. A., additional, Burch, J. L., additional, Carr, C. M., additional, Cowley, S. W. H., additional, Cupido, E., additional, Duru, F., additional, Eriksson, A. I., additional, Fränz, M., additional, Glassmeier, K.-H., additional, Goldstein, R., additional, Lester, M., additional, Lundin, R., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Nilsson, H., additional, Richter, I., additional, Samara, M., additional, and Trotignon, J. G., additional

Published
2009
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194. On the ionospheric structure of Titan

Author

Ågren, K., primary, Wahlund, J.-E., additional, Garnier, P., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Cui, J., additional, Galand, M., additional, and Müller-Wodarg, I., additional

Published
2009
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196. Titan's ionosphere in the magnetosheath: Cassini RPWS results during the T32 flyby

Author

Garnier, P., primary, Wahlund, J-E., additional, Rosenqvist, L., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Ågren, K., additional, Sergis, N., additional, Canu, P., additional, Andre, M., additional, Gurnett, D. A., additional, Kurth, W. S., additional, Krimigis, S. M., additional, Coates, A., additional, Dougherty, M., additional, and Waite, J. H., additional

Published
2009
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199. The electron density of Saturn's magnetosphere

Author

Morooka, M. W., primary, Modolo, R., additional, Wahlund, J.-E., additional, André, M., additional, Eriksson, A. I., additional, Persoon, A. M., additional, Gurnett, D. A., additional, Kurth, W. S., additional, Coates, A. J., additional, Lewis, G. R., additional, Khurana, K. K., additional, and Dougherty, M., additional

Published
2009
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200. Simultaneous measurements of Martian plasma boundaries by Rosetta and Mars Express

Author

Edberg, N.J.T., primary, Eriksson, A.I., additional, Auster, U., additional, Barabash, S., additional, Bößwetter, A., additional, Carr, C.M., additional, Cowley, S.W.H., additional, Cupido, E., additional, Fränz, M., additional, Glassmeier, K.-H., additional, Goldstein, R., additional, Lester, M., additional, Lundin, R., additional, Modolo, R., additional, Nilsson, H., additional, Richter, I., additional, Samara, M., additional, and Trotignon, J.G., additional

Published
2009
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