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Os poetas P. K. Page e Ricardo Sternberg registram traços significativos da cultura brasileira em seus escritos. Page morou no Brasil nos anos 50 acompanhando o marido em seu posto de embaixador; Sternberg nasceu no Rio e deixou o país nos anos 60, constantemente retornando às origens desde então. Em seus retratos de Brasil, memórias particulares se misturam à história cultural do país. Considerando implicações do olhar e o que Stuart Hall chama de posições de enunciação em representações culturais, esse estudo discute o olhar de visitante de Page e o sentimento íntimo de Sternberg em seus retratos de Brasil. A seleção de poemas se estende das primeiras publicações às mais recentes Bamboo Church (2003) de Sternberg e A Memoir in Verse (2006) de Page

Sound has a relational interplay with space, influencing the arrangement of ephemeral and symbolic territories in public spaces. Within this perspective, this article aims to discuss the influence of collective listening in the appropriation of public spaces, discussing the events conducted spontaneously by the youth in the Coronel Salles Square, Sao Carlos, Brazil. Weekly on Fridays, this marginalised community builds an ephemeral territory in the square, which is also influenced by collective listening by powerful speakers in cars. As methods, we use documentary procedures to take a closer look at these events. Being an assertion of the historical world, a perspective is taken by a non-neutral part, a documentary performed as practice-as-research offers a useful set of methods to researchers to explore urban issues and matters and, it is a reflexive method which questions the researcher’s posture.

This paper is an analysis of inserting history and philosophy of science (HPS) in a physics undergraduate program at a Brazilian university. It is an examination of the approaches and methodologies adopted by professors of a History and Epistemology course. The course aims to have an explicit approach to HPS. The results suggest a concern of the Physics Institute regarding inserting these questions into physics teacher training programs. The study also uncovered that the professors who taught the subject had different visions of HPS.

The article describes and discusses the use of focus groups and questionnaires to evaluate educational printed material for high school level art teachers prior to publication. The material consisted of "The Notebook of the Investigative Teacher," created by the Instituto Itau Cultural to help teachers develop critical skills in discussing contemporary artists with high school students. Based on a partnership between two Brazilian institutions, our study demonstrates how the evaluation process should be a crucial component of both material development and revision. (Contains 10 notes.)

The process of drug dispensing in hospital pharmacies (HPs) is one of the essential steps in health care, but presents high complexity due to the diversity of professionals and clinical conditions of patients. Therefore, the use of quality management tools may be an important strategy to improve patient safety and to achieve institutional goals, including user satisfaction and reduction of costs. This scoping review sought to describe quality management tools applied to drug dispensing in HPs; quality indicators used and results obtained. This scoping review was developed according to the Cochrane methodology and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA), being registered at Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KP3AJ). The searches were performed in electronic databases Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL and Lilacs, with no limit of date or language. Studies on quality management tools applied to drug dispensing in HPs were assessed for eligibility, extracted and compiled in a narrative form. From the 1318 studies identified, 11 were eligible for this review. The quality management tools more frequently reported were those related to the definition of root cause (n = 4; 36%), e.g. DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) and the cause and effect diagram; tools for risk management, such as FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) and its variations (n = 4; 36%); and tools related to the LSS (LEAN Six Sigma) principles (n = 3; 27%). The quality indicators used to monitor the results were, mainly, work team satisfaction, time spent performing activities and reduction of errors and costs. The use of quality management tools showed a tendency to improve the indicators of the drug dispensing process in HPs, such as increase in work team satisfaction, reduction of time spent performing activities, errors and costs, improving the quality of services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O sistema de produção orgânico vem crescendo, tanto em área cultivada como em número de produtores e mercado consumidor. Contudo, informações técnico-científicas sobre estes alimentos in natura e processados ainda são incipientes. O tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) desempenha um importante papel para os produtores orgânicos de todo o mundo, em função do retorno financeiro e da grande demanda. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi elaborar um molho de tomate orgânico, aproveitando os saberes dos agricultores, bem como avaliar sua qualidade microbiológica e determinar sua informação nutricional. O molho estudado apresentou 93,45% de umidade, 0,89% de proteínas, 0,13% de lipídeos, 1,50% de cinzas e 4,03% de carboidratos totais. Quanto aos aspectos microbiológicos, o molho apresentou condição sanitária satisfatória, de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), e valor calórico menor do que os molhos comerciais disponíveis no mercado. Os produtos processados foram rotulados e vendidos nas feiras agroecológicas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, agregando valor ao tomate e gerando renda aos agricultores familiares.The organic production systems have been raising on cultivated area, producers number and market. However, technical and scientific information about raw and processed material undergoing to organic production system is scarce. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) plays an important role for organic producers around the world due to its high profits and market acceptance. The aim of this study was to prepare an organic tomato sauce made from the knowledge of familiar farmers and to assess its microbiological quality and nutritional information. The studied product presented 93.45% of moisture, 0.89% of protein, 0.13% of lipids, 1.5% of ash and 4.03% of total carbohydrates contents. The products showed a satisfactory sanitary condition according to ANVISA and calorific value lower than the commercial sauces available in the market. The processed products were adequately labeled and sold at the agro-ecological fairs in Rio de Janeiro city, adding value to organic products generating incomes to small farmers.

A primeira “viagem científica” ao Novo Mundo produziu um conjunto de relatos que a registraram sob diversos aspectos. Um deles é a “Relation abrége”, texto de um de seus protagonistas sobre a etapa que se fez cursando o rio Amazonas. Nosso objetivo aqui é propor uma reflexão sobre as condições de produção das observações que geraram a “Relação abreviada”, bem como sobre recepção que tal escrito mereceu na Europa

As fontes jesuíticas são um importante veículo para a compreensão de vários aspectos da história das atividades missionárias dos inacianos e de sua interação com os nativos do novo mundo. Este trabalho analisa as percepções elaboradas sobre o tema chr(38)quot;guerra e pazchr(38)quot; na crônica do padre Antônio Ruiz de Montoya, escrita no momento em que violentas incursões bandeirantes ameaçavam a própria existência das reduções

OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency of behavioral problems and the internal consistency of the parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-P) in Amazonian preschool children during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: Data from the Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition in Acre (MINA-Brazil) study, a population-based birth cohort in the Western Brazilian Amazon, were used. The SDQ-P was applied in 2021 at the five-year follow-up visit to parents or caregivers of 695 children (49.4% of which were girls). This instrument is a short behavioral screening questionnaire composed of 25 items reorganized into five subscales: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behavior. Cases of behavioral problems were defined according to the original SDQ cut-offs based on United Kingdom norms. Moreover, cut off points were estimated based on the SDQ-P percentile results of our study sample. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's omega for each scale. RESULTS: According to the cut-offs based on our studied population distribution, 10% of all children had high or very high total difficulty scores, whereas it was almost twice when the original SDQ cut-offs based on United Kingdom norms, were applied (18%). Differences were also observed in the other scales. Compared to girls, boys showed higher means of externalizing problem and lower means of prosocial behavior. The five-factor model showed a moderate internal consistency of the items for all scales (0.60 = a = 0.40), except for total difficulty scores, which it considered substantial (a > 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: O ur r esults s upport the u sefulness of S DQ i n o ur s tudy p opulation a nd reinforce the need for strategies and policy development for mental health care in early life in the Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to characterize the spatial distribution and composition of living Benthic Foraminifera (BF) and to comprehend how environmental conditions (e.g., organic matter) can affect communities of these protozoa in the northern and southern sectors of the Santos Basin (SB), in the continental slope and São Paulo Plateau. In this context, 23 stations (65 samples including replicates at each station) were collected between 400 and 2,400 m water depth. Multivariate analyses revealed that the ecological structure of the community changes mainly along the bathymetric gradients. Stations located between 400 and 700 m, both in northern and southern sectors, are characterized by the presence of indicator species of high intensity of currents, such as Globocassidulina subglobosa and Trifarina bradyi. These stations are also mainly marked by the occurrence of Epistominella exigua, a phytodetritivore species. The stations at 1,000 and 1,300 m depth, in both sectors, are characterized by high accumulation of organic matter in the sediments, which favors the development of agglutinated foraminifera species, such as those of the genus Reophax. Finally, the lower slope and the São Paulo Plateau, in both sectors, are oligotrophic regions, with pulses of labile organic carbon, probably low current velocities and the presence of Alabaminella weddellensis. The quantity and quality of food, which are closely related to hydro-sedimentary dynamics and bentho-pelagic coupling in the slope and São Paulo Plateau, are the main factors that influence the distribution of living BF assemblages in the SB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of e-learning in compliance with the new biosafety recommendations in dentistry in the context of COVID-19 applied to the clinical staff of a dental school in Brazil. A quasi-experimental epidemiological study was carried out by means of a structured, pre-tested online questionnaire, applied before and after an educational intervention, using an e-learning format. After data collection, statistical tests were performed. A total of 549 members of the clinical staff participated in the study in the two collection phases, with a return rate of 26.9%. After the e-learning stage, a reduction was found in the reported use of disposable gloves, protective goggles, and surgical masks. The course had no impact on the staff's knowledge concerning the proper sequence for donning PPE and showed 100% effectiveness regarding proper PPE doffing sequence. Knowledge about avoiding procedures that generate aerosols in the clinical setting was improved. Despite the low rate of return, it can be concluded that online intervention alone was ineffective in significantly improving learning about the new clinical biosafety guidelines. Therefore, the use of hybrid teaching and repetitive training is highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (χ²/df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (χ²/df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the care model in Primary Health Care from the perspective of access and comprehensive care. Method: Qualitative research, with data collected from May to December 2021 in each regional health center in the state of Paraná through recorded interviews using a semi-structured script with 26 managers. IRAMUTEQ software was used to process and group the data into five classes. The results were analyzed using dialectical hermeneutics. Results: Two classes showed actions related to the attributes of access and comprehensiveness present in the care model. Actions to increase access included the participation of a multi-professional team to promote comprehensive care and the use of technological resources while maintaining the biomedical model. Final considerations: During the pandemic, there was adaptation and resilience on the part of managers who organized the care model and the inclusion of technological tools to facilitate access and continuity of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to develop a technical guide for low-risk prenatal care. Method: methodological research that included the construction and validation of a technical guide. A questionnaire and two bibliographic reviews were applied in data collection. Conducted in the macro regions of the Great West and Midwest of Santa Catarina - Brazil. For the construction of the guide, we had an exploratory stage with 48 nurses. Results: the guide consists of three chapters. Nursing care in low-risk prenatal care. The nursing consultation and the appropriate management according to the gestational period. Protocols, instruments, and scales used in low-risk prenatal care. Validation was performed by 14 judges with Content Validity Index 0.96. Conclusion: the guide will contribute to the qualification of nurses' work in Primary Health Care, transforming the obstetric scenario of the regions involved and strengthening nurses' practices in the performance of low-risk prenatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJETIVO: Verificar se o tratamento com levosimendan seria mais dispendioso que o usual com dobutamina, uma vez que o preço dos medicamentos não representa a maior despesa no tratamento da descompensação cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Comparou-se o custo do tratamento de 18 pacientes hospitalizados devido a descompensação cardíaca, 9 tratados com dobutamina (grupo dobuta) e 9 com levosimendan (grupo levo). Os grupos foram semelhantes quanto à idade, sexo, classe funcional e função cardíaca. RESULTADOS: O custo do tratamento foi semelhante para os dois grupos. No grupo levo as despesas com medicamentos foram maiores, mas as relativas ao período de terapia intensiva e do material empregado foram menores. Levo - medicamentos: R$ 5.414,00; materiais: R$ 399,90; diárias hospitalares: R$ 5.061,20; serviços profissionais: R$ 3.241,80; final: R$ 14.117,00. Dobuta - medicamentos: R$ 2.320,10; materiais: R$ 1.665,70; diárias hospitalares: R$ 6.261,90; serviços profissionais: R$ 3.894,30; final: R$ 14.142,00. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do preço mais elevado da droga, o custo global do tratamento foi semelhante para os pacientes tratados com dobutamina ou levosimendan. O paciente tratado com levosimendan permaneceu menos tempo em terapia intensiva.

Brazilian fish farms presented an accelerated development during the early 90's, mainly because of the increase in fee-fishing operations. To meet the demand of this market, fish production and supply became excessive and, as a consequence, the number of fee-fishing operations, farmers and the final selling price, decreased. This study analyzes the technical aspects, production cost, profitability and economic viability of the production of piauçu (L. macrocephalus) in ponds, based on information from a rural property. Feeding and fingerling costs amount to approximately 47.1% of the total production cost, representing together with the final selling price the most important factor affecting profitability. The payback period was 8.3 years, the liquid present value US$ 291.07, the internal return margin 9%, and the income-outcome ratio was 1.01, which represents an unattractive investment as a projection based on current conditions. The improvement in productive efficiency enhances the economic valuation index, and that the relative magnitude of cost and income are the most important points for the economic viability of the studied farm.

Descrever e identificar fatores que possam estar associados à qualidade do ambiente e características das crianças expostas, em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo de caráter populacional, incluindo 630 crianças da coorte de nascimentos de 1993. No ano de 1998 avaliou-se, entre outras informações, a qualidade do ambiente, medida através do Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise univariada. A associação entre as variáveis e o desfecho foi avaliada por meio das razões de prevalência, dos intervalos de confiança em 95% e do qui-quadrado. Realizou-se a regressão logística seguindo modelo hierarquizado. Constatou-se que 97 crianças (15%) viviam em ambiente negativo. Encontraram-se oito fatores de risco associados à qualidade do ambiente: baixa renda familiar mensal, baixa escolaridade materna, sexo masculino, casas com mais de sete residentes, número de irmãos maior ou igual a quatro, uso de tabaco na gestação, crianças que dormem na cama dos pais aos 4 anos e mães com presença de transtornos psiquiátricos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de ciclofosfamida como indutor de imunossupressão experimental em ovinos. Foram empregados 30 animais, divididos em quatro grupos experimentais. Os animais dos grupos I, II e III foram submetidos, respectivamente, às doses de 10, 25 e 40mg kg-1 e os do grupo IV não receberam a droga, permanecendo como controle. Todos os animais foram imunizados com vacina contra a brucelose e, seis dias após a vacinação, foi feita a titulação através da soroaglutinação rápida em placa. Foi feita também a contagem de linfócitos sangüíneos e a dosagem de gamaglobulinas séricas, diariamente, durante uma semana, após a aplicação da ciclofosfamida. Houve óbitos apenas em alguns animais do grupo III (40mg kg-1). Assim, a droga mostrou-se segura com doses inferiores a 25mg kg-1. Quanto à imunossupressão, a mesma pôde ser demonstrada tanto nos animais que receberam 25mg kg-1, quanto aqueles que receberam 40mg/kg, através da análise dos resultados das contagens de linfócitos e dos títulos pós-vacinais anti-brucela. A dose de 25mg kg-1 de ciclofosfamida mostrou-se, assim, a mais adequada para ser usada em modelos de imunodepressão em ovinos, considerando sua ação imunossupressora e sua segurança e toxicidade.

OBJETIVO: A infecção do sítio cirúrgico constitui um grave problema dentre as infecções hospitalares por sua incidência, morbidade e mortalidade. Devido ao curto período de internação, a maioria dessas infecções se manifesta após a alta hospitalar, sendo subnotificada quando não há o seguimento do paciente cirúrgico. Programas de vigilância específicos do paciente após a alta são considerados fundamentais para controlar as infecções. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a incidência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico e comparar sua freqüência durante a internação e após a alta. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico, tipo coorte, em um hospital universitário, com acompanhamento durante o período de internação e no seguimento pós-alta hospitalar, de 504 pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia do aparelho digestivo no primeiro semestre de 2000. RESULTADOS: Das 504 cirurgias realizadas no período do estudo, 398 (79,0%) dos pacientes retornaram ao ambulatório de egressos. Do total de infecções do sítio cirúrgico diagnosticadas, a maioria (62,9%) foi notificada no ambulatório de egressos, sendo 88,0% superficiais, e 67,0% notificadas até o sétimo dia após a alta. CONCLUSÕES: Comprovou-se a importância do seguimento pós-alta para a obtenção de dados fidedignos sobre as infecções do sítio cirúrgico devido à manifestação tardia na maioria dos casos, levando a subnotificação quando o seguimento do paciente é realizado somente durante a internação.

• Among critical patients, poor oral health is a risk factor for infections and death. • Adding a dentist to the intensive care team prevents respiratory tract infections. • The impact of that intervention on in-hospital mortality was unknown until now. • Dental care provided by dentists to critical patients reduced their risk of death. • These findings need to be confirmed by randomized clinical trials. We aimed to evaluate the impact of providing dental care to critically ill patients on their risk of death and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2 intensive care units (ICU) from 2016 to 2019. The intervention consisted of implementing routine dental care, focusing on oral hygiene and periodontal treatment, at least 3 times a week, for patients admitted to the study units. In the pre-intervention period, routine oral hygiene was provided by the ICU nursing staff. The primary and secondary study outcomes were mortality, evaluated at the end of the ICU stay, and VAP incidence density, respectively. Data were analyzed using the ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) time series model in R software. During the intervention period, 5,147 dental procedures were performed among 355 patients. The time series showed that ICU mortality was 36.11%, 32.71%, and 32.30% within the 3 years before the intervention, and 28.71% during the intervention period (P =.015). VAP incidence density did not significantly change during the study period (P =.716). A dental care intervention focused on oral hygiene and periodontal treatment regularly provided by dentists to critically ill patients may decrease their risk of dying in the ICU. Randomized clinical trials should be performed to confirm these findings. WHO-affiliated Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry. RBR-4jmz36. Registered 7 October 2018, before first patient enrollment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O presente artigo visa contribuir para reflexão acerca das alternativas de capacitação e qualificação de docentes atuantes no ensino técnico, com base na experiência do Programa de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino Técnico (PAETEC), desenvolvido pela Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio (EPSJV/FIOCRUZ). O PAETEC busca a renovação das práticas de aperfeiçoamento profissional, no próprio local de trabalho, de forma a possibilitar maior interação entre processos educacionais e atividade de pesquisa. Para tanto, utiliza como estratégia uma metodologia integradora que permite ao professor refletir sobre sua própria prática, transformando-a em objeto de investigação

O presente artigo analisa o lugar e o papel da festa na Hispano-América. Assim como na metrópole, as festas do mundo colonial mesclaram sagrado e profano e exaltaram os poderes do Estado e da Igreja. No novo mundo, porém, elas, juntamente com o teatro religioso, tiveram um importante papel a cumprir como instrumento de doutrinação e evangelização das populações indígenas