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There are few reports of breast cancer cases with uterine metastases. Here, we report a metastatic lobular carcinoma to endometrium presenting as abnormal uterine bleeding. Diagnosis was based in previous lobular breast carcinoma and immunohistochemistry.

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Cette thèse a pour objet d'étude les centres d'architecture en Europe, à partir du début des années 1980 jusqu'à nos jours, afin d'étudier trois aspects principaux : leur cadre institutionnel, leur discours et leur impact. En analysant leur corpus d'exposition, il s'agit de répondre à trois questions : quelles sont les caractéristiques institutionnelles des centres d'architecture ? Quel discours mettent-ils en avant par rapport à des débats qui ont animé la sphère architecturale depuis 1980 ? Et enfin, quel type d'impact ont eu ces centres d'architecture ? Afin de déceler ces questions, la recherche prend quatre études de cas : Aedes Architekturforum fondé à Berlin (Allemagne) en 1980, Arc en Rêve Centre d'architecture, fondé à Bordeaux (France) en 1981, Haus der Architektur, fondé à Graz (Autriche) en 1988 et le Centre Méridional d'Architecture et de la Ville, fondé à Toulouse (France) en 2000.

Introducció. Conèixer la prevalença de dèficit de vitamina-D en embarassades i els seus factors de risc permetrà realitzar estratègies preventives, evitant conseqüències sobre la salut del nen. Objectiu. Valorar la prevalença del dèficit de vitamina-D en embarassades, els factors de risc associats a hipovitaminosi i les seves conseqüències en el nen. Metodologia. Aquesta tesi està conformada per: 1) Estudi comunitari longitudinal amb dades originals: 793 dones >18 anys, ≤12 setmanes de gestació. Variables maternes: Història clínica i obstètrica, antropometria, estil de vida, alimentació i paràmetres bioquímics (25(OH)D i ferritina sèriques). Variables nen: Història clínica, antropometria, preterme, lactància i neurodesenvolupament; 2) Revisió sistemàtica i metaanàlisi: vitamina-D materna i desenvolupament del nen; i 3) Revisió sistemàtica: vitamina-D materna i neurodesenvolupament del nen. Resultats. Les prevalences de deficiència (18 años, ≤12 semanas de gestación. Variables maternas: Historia clínica y obstétrica, antropometría, estilo de vida, alimentación y parámetros bioquímicos (25(OH)D y ferritina séricas). Variables niño: Historia clínica, antropometría, pretérmino, lactancia y neurodesarrollo; 2) Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis: vitamina-D materna y desarrollo del niño; y 3) Revisión sistemática: vitamina-D materna y neurodesarollo del niño. Resultados. Las prevalencias de deficiencia (18 years, ≤12 weeks of gestation. Maternal variables: Clinical and obstetric history, anthropometry, lifestyle, diet and biochemical parameters (serum 25(OH)D and ferritin). Child variables: clinical history, anthropometry, preterm, lactation and neurodevelopment; 2) Systematic review and meta-analysis: maternal vitamin-D and child development; and 3) Systematic review: maternal vitamin-D and child neurodevelopment. Results. The prevalence of deficiency (

BACKGROUND: Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids-rich oils suffer oxidation reactions that alter their chemical and organoleptic quality. Microencapsulation can be a powerful tool for protection against ambient conditions. In the present study, the addition of microencapsulated chia oil as an ingredient in bread preparations and its effect on the technological and chemical quality of breads was investigated. RESULTS: Microencapsulation of chia oil was carried out by freeze-drying with soy proteins as wall material and oil release was determined under in vitro gastric and intestinal conditions. Encapsulated oil-containing bread showed no differences in specific volume, average cell area, firmness and chewiness with respect to control bread. Unencapsulated oil-containing bread showed a marked increase in hydroperoxide values respect to control, whereas encapsulated oil-containing bread values were not affected by baking and bread storage. The fatty acid profiles showed a decrease of 13% and 16%, respectively, in α-linolenic acid in the encapsulated and unencapsulated oils with respect to bulk chia oil. Sensory analysis showed no significant differences between bread samples. CONCLUSION: The addition of encapsulated chia oil did not alter the technological quality of breads and prevented the formation of hydroperoxide radicals. A ration of encapsulated oil-containing bread contributes 60% of the recommended dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids. Fil: González, Agustín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Leon, Alberto Edel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina Fil: Ribotta, Pablo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina

Recognition is a normative concept. By recognizing someone as having certain characteristics or capabilities, we recognize their normative status and we are taking responsibility for treating them in a certain way. Non-recognition, in this case, can mean deprivation of rights and marginalization; in a democracy may preclude individuals or groups from enjoying the democratic egalitarian ideal, for example. Over the past three decades, reflection on this category has deepened and taken on greater importance in the debate between liberalism and communitarianism parallel to the demands, sometimes for the achievements, of groups and minorities (LGBTQIA, people with special needs, feminist, indigenous, ethnic, etc.) who feel unrecognized and engage in political movements through struggles for recognition. We will return here to the development of Axel Honneth's concept of "ethical life" in Struggle for Recognition (1992), a fundamental work for reflection on the theme. The author places his theory in the middle between Kantian morality and communitarian ethics: his conception is formal for he understands that universal norms are conditions of some possibilities, but they are substantive for they are guided by the end of human self-realization. O reconhecimento é um conceito normativo. Ao reconhecermos alguém como portador de determinadas características ou capacidades, reconhecemos seu status normativo e estamos assumindo responsabilidade por tratar este alguém de determinada forma. O não reconhecimento, neste caso, pode significar privação de direitos e marginalização; em uma democracia pode impossibilitar indivíduos ou grupos de desfrutar o ideal igualitário democrático, por exemplo. Nas últimas três décadas, a reflexão sobre esta categoria se aprofundou e assumiu maior importância no debate entre liberalismo e comunitarismo em paralelo às demandas, por vezes pelas conquistas, de grupos e minorias (LGBTQIA, portadores de necessidades especiais, feministas, indígenas, étnicos, etc.) que se sentem não reconhecidos e se engajam em movimentos políticos através de lutas por reconhecimento. Retomaremos, aqui, o desenvolvimento do conceito de “eticidade” empreendido por Axel Honneth em Luta por reconhecimento (1992), obra fundamental para a reflexão sobre o tema. O autor situa sua teoria no meio termo entre a moral kantiana e as éticas comunitaristas: sua concepção é formal por entender que normas universais são condições de algumas possibilidades, mas é substantiva por se orientar pelo fim da autorrealização humana.

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T19:51:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Marcela Borges Martinez.pdf: 1132155 bytes, checksum: 6351ba152ad1aa6aa7666a1c7136bb0a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T19:51:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Marcela Borges Martinez.pdf: 1132155 bytes, checksum: 6351ba152ad1aa6aa7666a1c7136bb0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-03 The present study presents a reflection on the challenges of democracy in the face of the pluralism of modern societies, especially on the possibility of reconciling social, ethical and political diversity and equality guaranteed by the democratic rule of law. The sustained thesis is that discursively justified democratic institutions can express the plurality of voices present in contemporary societies through the symmetrical inclusion of all those involved as authors and recipients of general norms. In order for this reflexive form of democracy to occur, an inclusive public sphere is essential to allow the discursive conduct of conflicts in the search for agreements on the best way of institutionalizing the basic structure of society. In the deliberative procedure, the modern concept of tolerance plays, as we shall see, a fundamental role. Therefore, a theory of deliberative democracy would not be possible if it did not present a conception of procedural toleration and, in this sense, the study of this category, in the light of Rainer Forst's thought, receives a special space. O presente estudo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os desafios da democracia em face do pluralismo das sociedades modernas, em especial sobre a possibilidade de conciliação entre a diversidade social, ética e política e a igualdade garantida pelo estado democrático de direito. A tese sustentada é de que instituições democráticas justificadas discursivamente podem expressar a pluralidade de vozes presentes nas sociedades contemporâneas através da inclusão simétrica de todos os envolvidos como autores e destinatários de normas gerais. Para que essa forma reflexiva de democracia possa acontecer, é fundamental uma esfera pública inclusiva que permita a condução discursiva de conflitos na busca de acordos sobre a melhor forma de institucionalização da estrutura básica da sociedade. No procedimento deliberativo, o conceito moderno de tolerância desempenha, como veremos, um papel fundamental. Portanto, uma teoria da democracia deliberativa não seria possível se não apresentasse uma concepção de tolerância procedimental e, neste sentido, o estudo desta categoria, à luz do pensamento de Rainer Forst, recebe um espaço especial.

Water diffusion in corn is important in both dry and wet milling because it is one of the factors that determine the functionality and quality of any final product for which this cereal is intended. The diffusion of water into the starch granule will be affected by the type of solvent used, the temperature, and the size and shape of the starch granule. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of steeping corn grits at room temperature in a solution with and without the addition of calcium hydroxide on the hydration and pasting properties. We evaluated the moisture gain, pH change, viscosity profile, and the microstructure of the endosperm relative to the steeping time of corn grits with and without calcium hydroxide. Corn grits steeped in water without calcium hydroxide showed lower water absorption (35 g/100 g) than those steeped with 1 g Ca(OH)2/100 g (38 g/100 g) and 2 g Ca(OH)2/100 g (40 g/100 g). Electron micrographs show that the starch granule size in corn grits increases due to water absorption. Viscosity increases with steeping time and the calcium hydroxide concentration shows a correlation ( r = 0.7) with water absorption. We calculated effective diffusion coefficient of corn grits with and without calcium hydroxide concentration, solving Fick’s equation for a sphere. Water diffusion into the starch granule is an important step that significantly influences the pasting properties of the corn grits.

This study sought to determine the DNA damage, and the lipoperoxidative effect, as well as changes in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities induced by CdSO4 (Cd), and ZnSO4 (Zn), in addition to two different mixtures of the metals. Planarian Dugesia dorotocephala collected in the Ignacio Ramirez reservoir, México, adapted to laboratory conditions, and exposed to the metals in a controlled system was used. Initially, LC50 at 96 h of exposure was determined and the result obtained were 0.69 mg/L for Cd, 11.99 mg/L for Zn, 10.28 mg/L for mix 1, and 8.11 mg/L for mix 2. Then, the comet assay showed a DNA damage increase induced by Cd (0.13 and 0.2 mg/L) as high as 94% over the control level; the effect by Zn (from 0.2 to 2.7 mg/L) was clearly lower, although statistically significant with the high concentrations tested. As regards the two mixtures, we observed a concentration dependent increase. Similarly, in respect to lipoperoxidation, we found a strong effect by Cd, a slight effect by Zn, and a concentration dependent effect induced by the mixtures. Finally, the activity of the tested enzymes was modified by the metals in relation to the concentration applied.Keywords: Zinc, cadmium, planarian, DNA damage, oxidative stressAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(25), pp. 4028-4038

The German architectural gallery Aedes was established in West Berlin in 1980 by Kristin Feireiss and Helga Retzer, as a platform for discussing contemporary architecture through exhibitions, lectures, and publications. During its first 20 years, Aedes functioned as an entirely private gallery and presented mainly single architects and iconic projects. The gallery changed its institutional framework in 1999 by creating a parallel non-profit association, Aedes East, making it possible for Aedes to have new sources of funding and expand its program. From that moment on, the gallery organized more thematic and collective exhibitions, some addressing the way architects work and the role they should have in society. The message was initially directed to architects themselves. For instance, in 2005 Aedes organized the exhibition Find the Gap–New Spirits and Strategies for Architecture. Through the works and practices of 13 young German teams, the gallery showed the ways in which architects were redefining their profession to keep it alive and relevant. In 2013, Aedes went even further and encouraged architects to reach out to the rest of society and put their profession to the service of social and environmental issues in developing countries. That was the main intention behind Smart City, The Next Generation, Focus Southeast Asia, an exhibition with original projects for countries in Southeast Asia. Smart City stands as an example of a ‘reactive' and ‘activist' exhibition, one that attempts to solve contemporary issues in the world, an approach that Aedes shares with other institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The gallery is therefore aligned with the general architectural discourse of the last 15 years that exhorts architects to reconnect with their social responsibilities. As a smal and independent institution, Aedes further expands and experiments with this discourse in its own way.

The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory naproxen sodium is among the most commonly used pharmaceuticals in Mexico. Nevertheless, there is no adequate regulation to control its sale, use, and disposal. This agent can enter water bodies by diverse pathways, attaining significant concentrations, especially in sediments since they are the final reservoir of many organic contaminants, and may induce damage on hydrobionts. Naproxen sodium is water-soluble, shows stability in aquatic ecosystems, and can form reactive products when oxidized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress and consequent damage to genetic material induced by naproxen sodium in sediments on Hyalella azteca. After 48 h of exposure to artificial sediments enriched with 76.6 and 339.2 mg kg−1 (equivalent to 1/10 of the LC50 and the NOAEL obtained in an earlier 48-h acute toxicity assay), the following biomarkers were evaluated: lipid peroxidation level, protein carbonyl content, activity of the antioxidant enzymes, and DNA damage. Results show that naproxen sodium induces oxidative stress (increased lipid and protein oxidation, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and decrease of glutathione peroxidase activity) and genotoxicity (increased oxidative damage of DNA) at sublethal concentrations on H. azteca, being the damage, concentration dependent.

Soft law mechanisms have played a central role in developing the current notion of the responsibility of transnational corporations in human rights as defined in the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, an initiative approved by the United Nations Human Rights Council in June 2011. Corporate responsibility to respect human rights, as defined by the Special Representative, is based on social expectations rather than on legal obligations. It means that companies should “avoid prejudice to the rights of others and to address adverse impacts on human rights in which they are involved”. The limitations of this approach are important in medium and long term. Although the pragmatic approach adopted by the Special Representative has closed the international community debate on the Draft Norms on the responsibility for human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises, it also ends the chances of developing an international instrument requiring binding obligations in human rights for transnational corporations. Setting the notion of the responsibility of transnational corporations in human rights exclusively on social expectations seems unsatisfactory and dangerous towards victims of violations committed by these economic actors. Responsibility to respect human rights as defined today reinforces the acceptance of a system where transnational corporations are encouraged but are not compelled to respect human rights, a solution that leaves victims of abuse devoid of any legal action and redress. The purpose of this PhD thesis is to present briefly the evolution of the responsibility of transnational corporations in the energy sector in human rights and international humanitarian law from its origins to our days, as well as to understand the main limitations of the current concept in order to explore potential solutions.; Les mécanismes de soft law ont joué un rôle central dans le développement de la notion actuelle de la responsabilité des entreprises transnationales en droits de l’homme telle qu’elle est définie dans les Principes directeurs relatifs aux entreprises et aux droits de l’homme, une initiative approuvé par le Conseil des droits de l’homme des Nations unies en juin 2011. La responsabilité des entreprises de respecter les droits de l’homme, telle qu’elle a été conçue par le Représentant spécial, repose sur les attentes de la société plutôt que sur une obligation juridique. Cela signifie que les entreprises « devraient éviter de porter atteinte aux droits de l’homme d’autrui et remédier aux incidences négatives sur les droits de l’homme dans lesquelles elles ont une part ». Les limites de cette approche sont importantes à moyen et à long terme. Même si l’approche pragmatique adopté par le Représentant spécial a permis de surmonter le débat au sein de la communauté internationale autour du Projet de normes sur la responsabilité en matière de droits de l’homme des sociétés transnationales et autres entreprises, elle a aussi éloigné la possibilité d’élaborer un instrument international imposant aux entreprises transnationales des obligations contraignantes en droits de l’homme. Construire la notion de la responsabilité des entreprises transnationales en matière de droits de l’homme uniquement sur les attentes de la société semble insuffisant et dangereux face aux victimes des abus de ces acteurs économiques. La responsabilité de respecter les droits de l’homme, telle que définie aujourd’hui, renforce l’acceptation d’un système international où les entreprises transnationales sont encouragées mais pas obligées à respecter les droits de l’homme, une solution qui laisse les victimes des abus dépourvues de toute action en justice et de réparation. L’objet de cette thèse est de présenter de manière succincte l’évolution de la problématique complexe de la responsabilité des entreprises transnationales du secteur énergétique en matière de droit international des droits de l’homme et de droit international humanitaire depuis son origine jusqu’à nos jours, ainsi que de comprendre les principales limites de l’approche actuelle à la question, afin d’envisager des potentielles solutions.

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Determinar factores predictores del consumo de tabaco en adolescentes salvadoreños. La muestra evaluó a 2283 adolescentes, de uno y otro género, en edades entre 11 y 17 años. El instrumento aplicado correspondió a Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo Juvenil realizada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y los Centros de Control y Prevención de Enfermedades de Estados Unidos de América (CDC, por sus siglas en inglés), en el año 2003.

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