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We chronicle a four-decades-long struggle that has been taking place in the Peruvian Amazon between indigenous groups, oil companies, and the state. We provide a broad overview of the strategies of the communities in the area, juxtaposing the outcomes of different negotiating strategies. In addition to documenting what is an especially important case of socio-environmental conflict in the Peruvian Amazon, we go beyond the dominant approach in the literature, which sees dialogue as inherently desirable and conflict as necessarily unwelcome, and describe the Achuar decision to engage in open conflict with the oil company as one that testifies to the existence of a conflict imperative. In other words, the overcoming of environmental injustice in certain circumstances requires various forms of direct action that take grievance and complaint to the level of open conflict. The corollary of this hypothesis is that dialogue is sometimes neither peaceful nor useful for affected communities. This calls for a rethinking of the boundaries between conflict and negotiation. In our chronicle, conflict itself was often the antecedent to a new round of dialogue and negotiation made possible by the presence of government officials purposively and urgently dispatched to the area. Echoing Clausewitz's famous dictum concerning the continuity between war and policy, indigenous decisions to occupy, blockade, and disrupt the working of oil operations might tentatively be understood as an attempt to continue negotiating with the state and corporations by using other tools they have at their disposal.

There are three different routes to happiness: the pleasant life, the good or engaged life, and the meaningful life. These three orientations are positively related with life satisfaction, but the relation with job satisfaction is still not clear. This study examines the relationship between the three orientations to happiness (OTH) and job satisfaction in a 1-year longitudinal study with a representative sample (N = 752, 387 men) of working adults living in Switzerland. This study is part of a larger survey that includes several self-report measures. Regression analyses showed that engagement was positively related with job satisfaction 1 year later. Moreover, when controlling for sociodemographic variables (i.e., age and gender), work-related variables (i.e., household income, managerial responsibility, and financial responsibility), and the five factors of personality (i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) the interaction of the three OTH (i.e., pleasure × engagement × meaning), still predicted job satisfaction significantly. Individuals who endorse the three OTH presented the highest job satisfaction 1 year later. Therefore, although engagement is more important for job satisfaction than pleasure or meaning, the best predictor of job satisfaction is the interaction of the three OTH. Thus, people who are high in the three OTH simultaneously enjoy the highest job satisfaction. Future studies should examine whether this relationship is causal.

The incremental value of character strengths in the prediction of resilience, after the effects of other well-known resilience-related factors (i.e. positive affect, self-efficacy, optimism, social support, self-esteem, life satisfaction) and sociodemographic variables are accounted for, is examined. Using a cross-sectional design, participants (N = 363 adults) completed online measures of character strengths, resilience, and resilience-related factors. A principal component analysis of character strengths was conducted and five factors were extracted, which could be interpreted as emotional, interpersonal, intellectual, restraint, and theological strengths. All strengths factors, except theological strengths, yielded significant positive correlations with resilience. A hierarchical regression showed that strengths predicted an additional 3% of the variance in resilience over and above sociodemographic variables, positive affect, self-efficacy, optimism, social support, self-esteem, and life satis...

[ES] La idea de realizar este trabajo surge a partir de una reunión entre el departamento de tecnología de alimentos (DTA) y la empresa Apisol S.A. Así, una parte importante del trabajo recoge una revisión bibliográfica actualizada acerca de los principales parámetros que influyen en la calidad de la miel industrial y de las condiciones del procesado que se pueden controlar o modificar para mejorarla. La otra parte del trabajo, sin embargo, es experimental y muestra los resultados de las determinaciones de hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) que se han realizado en la empresa, sobre varios tipos de mieles sometidas a diversas condiciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar cuáles son los principales parámetros, propiedades fisicoquímicas y condiciones del procesado de la miel que influyen en su calidad, como un primer paso para obtener una miel industrial de elevada/mejorada calidad. Son varios los factores que influyen en la calidad de la miel, pero algunos de los principales son el contenido en HMF y la tendencia que tiene la miel a la cristalización. La presencia de HMF implica perjuicios para la salud y pérdida de frescura en la miel. El HMF se puede producir por diferentes tipos de reacciones, como por ejemplo por reacciones de Maillard, de caramelización o por deshidratación catalizada por ácidos de hexosas. Los principales factores que influyen en su formación son la humedad de la miel, su pH, la composición en azúcares, la acidez de la miel, el contenido inicial de HMF en la miel y la temperatura de almacenamiento. La miel cristalizada provoca rechazo por parte del consumidor. Los factores que influyen en la velocidad de cristalización son el contenido en azúcares, la humedad de la miel, la temperatura de almacenamiento, la presencia de núcleos de cristalización, la homogenización y el material de envasado. Se conocen distintos métodos para retrasar la cristalización de la miel durante el almacenamiento, como, por ejemplo, la pasteurización de la miel. Este tratamiento térmico que se realiza por regla general a unos 75ºC sin embargo podría favorecer la formación de HMF. Encontrar tratamientos capaces de evitar tanto la formación de HMF como la cristalización es un reto actual de gran interés para los investigadores. El empleo de técnicas alternativas e innovadoras como las altas presiones hidrostáticas, los ultrasonidos y las microondas, aunque todavía está en estudio, parece que se plantea como un prometedor futuro. En cuanto a las determinaciones experimentales de la concentración de HMF de distintas mieles que se han realizado en el departamento de I+D+i de Apisol S.A., cabe destacar que han aportado habilidad en el manejo y gestión del laboratorio y en el trabajo en equipo de un grupo de investigación y desarrollo de una empresa. No obstante, estas determinaciones no se van a discutir de forma científica porque no hay suficientes resultados como para realizar un exhaustivo estudio estadístico., [EN] The idea of carrying out this work comes up from a meeting between the food technology department and the company Apisol S.A. Thus, an important part of the work includes an updated bibliographical review about the main parameters that influence the quality of industrial honey and the processing conditions that can be controlled or modified to improve it. However, the other part of the work is experimental and shows the results of determinations of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) that have been made in the company, on various types of honeys subject to various conditions. The aim of this work is to identify which are the main physicochemical properties and processing conditions of honey that influence its quality, as a first step to obtain an industrial honey of increased / improved quality. There are several factors that influence the quality of honey, but some of the main ones are the HMF content and the tendency of honey to crystallize. The presence of HMF implies damage to health and loss of freshness in honey. HMF can be produced by different types of reactions, such as by Maillard reactions, by caramelization or by acidcatalyzed dehydration of hexoses. The main factors that influence its formation are the humidity of the honey, its pH, the composition in sugars, the acidity of the honey, the initial content of HMF in the honey and the storage temperature. The crystallized honey causes rejection by the consumer. The factors that influence the rate of crystallization are the sugar content, the humidity of the honey, the storage temperature, the presence of crystallization nuclei, the homogenization and the material of the container in which the honey is packaged. Different methods are known to delay the crystallization of honey during storage, like the pasteurization of honey. This heat treatment that is carried out at about 75ºC, however, could favour the formation of HMF. Finding treatments capable of avoiding both the formation of HMF and crystallization is a current challenge of great interest to researchers. The use of alternative and innovative techniques such as high hydrostatic pressures, ultrasounds and microwaves, although still under study, seems to be a promising future. Regarding the experimental determinations of the concentration of HMF of different honeys that have been made in the department of R & D of Apisol SA, it is worth noting that they have contributed skill in the use and management of the laboratory and in team work of a research and development group of a company. However, these determinations will not be discussed because there are not enough results to perform a statistical study., [CA] La idea de realitzar aquest treball sorgeix a partir d’una reunió entre el departament de tecnologia d’aliments i l’empresa Apisol S.A. Així, una part important del treball recull una actualitzada revisió bibliogràfica sobre els principals paràmetres que influeixen en la qualitat de la mel industrial i de les condicions del processament que es poden controlar o modificar per tal de millorar-la. L’altra part del treball, per contra, és experimental i mostra els resultats de les determinacions d’hidroximetilfurfural (HMF) que s’han realitzat a l’empresa, sobre diversos tipus de mels sotmeses a distintes condicions. L’objectiu d’aquest treball és identificar quines són les principals propietats fisicoquímiques i les condicions del processament de la mel que influeixen en la seua qualitat, com un primer pas per obtindre una mel industrial d’elevada/millorada qualitat. Són diversos els factors que influeixen en la qualitat de la mel, però alguns dels principals són el contingut d’HMF i la tendència que té la mel a la cristal·lització. La presència d’HMF implica perjudicis per la salut i pèrdua de frescor en la mel. L’HMF es pot produir per reaccions de Maillard, caramel·lització o deshidratació catalitzada per àcids d’hexoses. Els principals factors que influeixen en la seua formació són la humitat de la mel, el seu pH, la composició en sucres, l’acidesa de la mel, el contingut inicial de HMF de la mel i la temperatura d’emmagatzematge. La mel cristal·litzada provoca rebuig per part del consumidor. Els factors que influeixen en la velocitat de cristal·lització són el contingut en sucres, la humitat de la mel, la temperatura d’emmagatzematge, la presència de nuclis de cristal·lització, la homogeneïtzació i el material del recipient en què s’envasa la mel. Es coneixen distints mètodes per tal d’endarrerir la cristal·lització de la mel durant l’emmagatzematge, com per exemple, la pasteurització de la mel. Este tractament tèrmic que es realitza a uns 75ºC, no obstant això, podria afavorir la formació de HMF. Trobar tractaments capaços d’evitar tant la formació d’HMF com la cristal·lització és un repte actual de gran interès per als investigadors. L’ús de tècniques alternatives i innovadores com les altes pressions hidrostàtiques, els ultrasons i les microones, malgrat que encara estan en estudi, sembla que es plantegen com un futur prometedor. En quant a les determinacions experimentals de la concentració d’HMF de distintes mels que s’han realitzat al departament d’R+D+i d’Apisol S.A., cap destacar que han aportat habilitat en l’ús i la gestió del laboratori i en el treball en equip d’un grup de recerca i desenvolupament d’una empresa. No obstant això, aquestes determinacions no es discutiran ja que no hi ha suficients resultats com per a poder realitzar un estudi estadístic.

Aquest treball de fi de grau té la finalitat de dur a terme el desenvolupament d'una microxarxa híbrida, en primer lloc, es descriu el que s'entén que és una microxarxa díbrida intel·ligent així com el funcionament i els components essencials, comprovant l'estat de l'art d'aquesta tecnologia. Fruit que el treball està basat en les dades aportades pel projecte Medsolar, especialment de l'hospital universitari An-Najah a Nablus, Palestina, s'explica en que va consistir aquest i les seves característiques. Per tal de fer el disseny de la microxarxa es proposa una metodologia genèrica que després s'aplica al cas concret de l'hospital. Amb el software Homer s'ha dut a terme el dimensionament òptim de la microxarxa, ja que és una eina especialment dissenyada per a la realització d'aquestes tasques. Finalment amb la voluntat de realitzar la simulació de la microxarxa dissenyada s'ha emparat el programa Matlab-Simulink, amb especial atenció al model dels panells fotovoltaics. El treball s'ha fet amb la voluntat de mostrar l'amplitud dels coneixements i capacitats adquirides en la realització del grau d'enginyeria elèctrica.

[ES] De manera global, con el presente documento se pretenden aplicar conocimientos teóricos y prácticos para la realización de distintas instalaciones en un edificio residencial público, siguiendo las pautas legislativas por las autoridades. Se han proyectado las instalaciones de suministro de agua, evacuación de aguas residuales y pluviales y la instalación de protección contra incendios, para un hotel situado en Oliva (Valencia). El proyecto se divide en cinco partes: Memoria, donde se describen las instalaciones. Cálculos de cada tipo de instalación. Pliego de condiciones, donde se refleja cada uno de los requisitos de las instalaciones Planos, que muestran la situación y el trazado de una forma gráfica así como esquemas de todas las instalaciones. Presupuesto, donde se realiza un análisis económico y se estima el precio real del montaje de las instalaciones., [EN[ The intention of this document is to apply theoretical and practical knowledge to carry out diverse installations in a public residential building following the guidelines imposed by the authorities. The water supply, rain and residual water drainage system and fire protection installations have been projected for a hotel located in Oliva (Valencia). This project is structured in five sections: Report, where the different installations are described. Calculations of each installation. Articles and conditions of each installation. Drawings, where the situation and trace are showed in a graphical way. Budget, an economic analysis is performed to estimate the costs, [CA+ De manera global, amb el present document es pretenen aplicar coneixements teòrics y pràctics per a la realització de les diferents instal·lacions en un edifici residencial públic, seguint les pautes legislatives per les autoritats. S’han projectat les instal·lacions de d’abastiment d’aigua, evacuació d’aigües residuals i pluvials i d’instal·lació de protecció contra incendis, per a un hotel situat en Oliva (Valencia) El projecte es divideix en cinc parts: Memòria, on es descriuen les instal·lacions. Càlculs de cada tipus d’instal·lació. Plec de condicions, on es reflexa cadascun dels requisits de les instal·lacions. Plànols, que mostren la situació i el traçat de una manera gràfica així com esquemes de totes les instal·lacions. Pressupost, on es realitza un anàlisis econòmic i s’estima el preu real del muntatge de les instal·lacions

The authors acknowledge the Servicio de Radiofísica (Radio-physics Service) of the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (Granada, Spain) for permitting us to use their installations. This work was funded by the Spanish Government under project FPA2015-67694-P (Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness) and a R&D predoctoral grant (FPU13/05032, Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport). This project is partially supported by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF)., In this work we describe and evaluate a dosimetric system based on an NFC (Near Field Communication) tag and a smartphone that uses commercial MOSFETs as radiation sensors. The tag is designed with commercial integrated circuits and the smartphone is the power source of the tag configured as a readout unit, user interface and storage unit. The NFC tag is supplied wirelessly by the smartphone via NFC, using a home-made structure to align the tag coil and smartphone coil in order to achieve a good inductive coupling. In this case, the commercial DMOS transistor ZVP3306 is used as dosimeter in unbiased mode, connected to the tag before and after each irradiation session to perform the sensor reading. An evaluation of the dosimetric system has been carried out irradiating three transistors with photon beam of 6 MV up to 20 Gy. The average sensitivity found is (4.75 ± 0.15) mV/Gy, which is in good agreement with the results found with our previously developed dosimetric system. Therefore, this miniaturised dosimetric system can be considered as a promising and low cost electronic architecture to be used for dosimetry control in radio-therapy treatments., Servicio de Radiofísica (Radio-physics Service) of the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (Granada, Spain), Spanish Government under project FPA2015-67694-P (Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness) and a R&D predoctoral grant (FPU13/05032, Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport), European Regional Development Funds (ERDF)

[ES] El tema en que se centra este trabajo es el desarrollo de un sistema de procesamiento de datos para su posterior análisis. Este primero se conecta al servidor de la planta de ensamblaje de Ford España, a continuación descarga datos de los resultados subidos por las máquinas que realizan chequeos eléctricos en las diferentes estaciones de la línea, después procesa dichos datos, y finalmente realiza unos informes que se muestran por pantalla. También es capaz de actualizarse automáticamente en un periodo de tiempo determinado, además de permitir interacción para poder realizar un mejor seguimiento y análisis., [CAT/VAL] El tema en què es centra aquest treball és el desenvolupament d'un sistema de processament de dades per a la seua posterior anàlisi. Aquest es connecta al servidor de la planta d'assemblatge de Ford Espanya, a continuació descarrega dades dels resultats pujats per les màquines que realitzen revisions elèctriques en les diferents estacions de la línia, després processa aquestes dades, i finalment realitza uns informes que es mostren per pantalla. També és capaç d'actualitzar-se automàticament en un període de temps determinat, a més de permetre interacció per poder realitzar un millor seguiment i anàlisi., [EN] The subject in which this work is centered is the development of a processing data system, for his back analysis. It connects to the server of Ford Assembling Plant in Spain, to continuation it downloads data of the results uploaded by the machines that make electrical tests in the different stations of the line, next it processes these data, and finally it creates some reports that shows on screen. It is also able to update automatically in a period of determinate time, in addition it allows interaction for a better follow-up and analysis.

This study presents qualitative findings from a three-week web-based intervention of appreciation of beauty. The intervention consisted of exercises aimed at (i) increasing the awareness of beauty and of how it affects our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, (ii) cultivating an esthetic attitude in front of beauty, and (iii) encouraging participants to expose themselves to beauty. The website included a personal beauty journal, a personal multimedia-based beauty portfolio, a forum to share beauty experiences, and didactic information in audio and video sessions. Most participants reported that the intervention improved some aspects of appreciation of beauty and well-being, and, to a lesser extent, an increased perceptive awakening and self-transcendence.

This paper addresses the development of a 9-item Short Form of the Orientations to Happiness (OTH) Questionnaire ( Peterson, Park, & Seligman, 2005 ) for German-speaking countries. This questionnaire measures three ways to happiness: life of pleasure, life of engagement, and life of meaning. In Experiment 1 (replication sample, N = 1,336), we replicated the three-factor structure found in the 18-item Parent Form. In Experiment 2 (validation sample, N = 222), we again replicated the three-factor structure, which showed a good fit to the data. The coefficients of congruence between the three factors in Experiments 1 and 2 were very high (.94–.98). The correlations between the corresponding scales of the Short and Parent Form were high (.49 – .91). The three scales of the Short Form had acceptable internal consistency. The pattern of relationships of both the OTH Short Form and Parent Form with sociodemographic variables, with the endorsement of prototypical behaviors related to the three orientations to happiness, and with meaning in life were very similar for both OTH forms.

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552 Researchers have argued that the behavioral adaptations that explain the success of our species are partially cultural, i.e., cumulative and socially transmitted. Thus, understanding the adaptive nature of culture is crucial to understand human evolution. We use a cross-cultural framework and empirical data purposely collected to test whether culturally transmitted and individually appropriated knowledge provides individual returns in terms of hunting yields and health and, by extension, to nutritional status, a proxy for individual adaptive success. Data were collected in three subsistence-oriented societies: the Tsimane' (Amazon), the Baka (Congo Basin), and the Punan (Borneo). Results suggest that variations in individual levels of local environmental knowledge relate to individual hunting returns and to self-reported health, but not to nutritional status. We argue that this paradox can be explained through the prevalence of sharing: individuals achieving higher returns to their knowledge transfer them to the rest of the population, which explains the lack of association between knowledge and nutritional status. The finding is in consonance with previous research highlighting the importance of cultural traits favoring group success, but pushes it forward by elucidating the mechanisms through which individual and group level adaptive forces interact.

Occurrence models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly used for estimating geographical range, for determining species-landscape relations and to prioritize conservation actions worldwide. In 2010, we conducted a large-scale survey in Río Muni, the mainland territory of Equatorial Guinea, which aimed to estimate the probabilities of occurrence and detection of threatened mammals based on environmental covariates, and to identify priority areas for conservation. Interviews with hunters were designed to record presence/absence data of seven species (golden cat, leopard, forest elephant, forest buffalo, western gorilla, chimpanzee and mandrill) in 225 sites throughout the region. We fitted single season occupancy models and recently developed models which also include false positive errors (i.e. species detected in places where it actually does not occur), which should provide more accurate estimates for most species, which are susceptible to mis-identification. Golden cat and leopard had the lowest occurrence rates in the region, whereas primates had the highest rates. All species, except gorilla, were affected negatively by human settlements. The southern half of Río Muni showed the highest occurrence of the species studied, and conservation strategies for ensuring the persistence of threatened mammals should be focused on this area.

ResumenEste trabajo presenta dos intervenciones piloto para mejorar el bienestar de personas mayores. Participaron 19 residentes en instituciones (estudio 1) y 45 personas que acuden a centros de mayores (estudio 2). Se realizaron revisiones de vida centradas en sucesos positivos, de forma individual (estudio 1) o en grupo (estudio 2). Se anadio a la revision de vida la escritura de un relato positivo sobre la vida del anciano (estudio 1) y la realizacion de un poster con imagenes personales positivas (estudio 2). Se tomaron medidas de estado de animo, satisfaccion vital, desesperanza y memoria autobiografica. Antes de la intervencion los participantes mostraron alto bienestar. En el estudio 2, el grupo experimental aumento significativamente el recuerdo de sucesos especificos positivos y redujo su desesperanza en comparacion con el grupo control despues de la intervencion. Los resultados sugieren la utilidad de las intervenciones positivas incluso con personas muy mayores.

Actualmente la enfermedad de Parkinson es considerada como un trastorno del sistema nervioso central que afecta a los ganglios basales. Las características anatomopatológicas más prominentes de esta enfermedad son: degeneración de las células dopaminérgicas de la substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), la existencia de gliosis y la presencia de cuerpos eosinófilos de inclusión. La relevancia fisiológica de la modulación directa de las neuronas del núcleo subtalámico (NST) por neuronas dopaminérgicas de la SNc deviene en un tema polémico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la lesión selectiva de las neuronas dopaminérgicas que inervan al NST sobre la conducta motora de ratas sanas. Se trabajó con tres grupos experimentales: I: con lesión de la SNc por 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) (n = 20); II: con pérdida de la inervación dopaminérgica del núcleo subtalámico por inyección de 6-OHDA en dicho núcleo (n = 30) y III: control (n = 20). Un mes después de haber inyectado la neurotoxina, fue evaluada la actividad rotatoria inducida por D-anfetamina y apomorfina y las habilidades motoras de extremidades anteriores. Los estudios conductuales y morfológicos evidenciaron que la inyección de 6-OHDA en el NST, induce una pérdida parcial de neuronas en la SNc, en el hemisferio lesionado. La pérdida de la inervación dopaminérgica del NST provoca una asimetría en la conducta motora de los animales que se traduce en un peor desempeño en las habilidades de la extremidad anterior y una conducta motora rotacional intensa, ipsilateral al hemisferio lesionado como consecuencia de la administración de D-anfetamina.

What is the political significance of difference? Why are ethnic, racial, or religious differences frequently politically significant while differences in height, hair color, or weight are not? Why are linguistic differences sometimes relevant politically, and other times are not salient? What about age? Gender or sexual preferences? What fosters tolerance of differences judged ethically and politically salient? What encourages respect for these differences, leading some of us to reach out across divides that isolate others? These questions take on a poignant immediacy with reports of continuing prejudice and discrimination; ongoing ethnic, religious, and sectarian violence—even genocidal activities and war; and increasing polarization over issues of race, religion, and ethnicity, at home and abroad. They are questions students need to consider as they go out into a world where they will meet new people, from diverse cultures, religions, and ethnicities. How can we best prepare them for this?

The purpose of this study was to validate a new instrumented insole called ECnsole for measuring flight time during vertical jump performance. 66 participants performed 3 different jump tests (squat jump, countermovement jump and Abalakov jump) twice with flight times determined using an instrumented insole composed of 4 pressure sensors (PreECnsole) and an accelerometer sensor (AccECnsole), a laser platform (Sport Jump System Pro), and a high-speed motion capture system (HSC); the latter 2 systems are considered as reference methods. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), simple linear regression, and the Bland-Altman method were used to assess validity. Regardless of the jump test performed, the ECnsole system showed a systematic bias close to 0 and a low random error (average random error: ±2.8 cm; ±3.1 cm PreECnsole and AccECnsole vs. HSC system respectively and ± 2.3 cm; ±2.9 cm PreECnsole and AccECnsole vs. SJS system respectively). The associations between PreECnsole and AccECnsole with the HSC were very high (R 2 =0.967 and 0.958 respectively). Furthermore, the associations between PreECnsole and AccECnsole with the SJS were very high (R 2 =0.978 and 0.966 respectively) as well. Therefore, the ECnsole system can be considered an alternative method for measuring jump height during vertical jump performance.

The study of the plantar pressure distribution is becoming a very important tool to obtain information about any type of foot or gait disorders in many fields such as medicine, rehabilitation and sport. This work describes the design and development of an instrumented insoles named ECnsole to measure not only the plantar pressure distribution, but also many others variables related to gait such as time support, centre of pressure, position of the foot in swing phase, etc. Four different version of the ECnsole are presented. Version 1.0 consist of two datalogger devices that sample and send the data to aMiWi™ receiver at a personal computer (PC) (or store it into ¹SD memory card) connected two a pair of insoles which contains four pressure sensors located at big toe, 1st and 5th metatarsal heads, and heel, and one analogue accelerometer placed in the arch of the foot. In the next version the two dataloggerwere joint into just one placed at thewaist in order to reduce both complexity in communications and costs, this version was enumerated as 1.2. In ECnsole version 1.5 the analogue accelerometer was replaced by a digital inertial measurement unit (IMU), integrated by a 3D gyroscope, 3D accelerometer, and 3D magnetometer, placed in the arch of the foot. The location of the datalogger unit was also the waist. In the last prototype described, the whole electronic system is embedded inside the insole. ¹SD memory card socket is removed andMiWi™is replaced by a Bluetooth transceiver. Moreover, a pair of additional pressure sensors are added to the 3rd metatarsal and to the midfoot area. An android application have been designed also to plot the data obtained by the instrumented insoles. The prototypes have been validated both for the pressure sensors and for the IMU. To validate the pressure sensors a commercial in-shoe system F-Scan was used together with ECnsole. In case of the IMU, an algorithm to obtain the foot orientation during the swing phase have been used, comparing the resulting euler’s angles with the angles measured using an infrared video camera system, obtaining very good agreement in both cases., Tesis Univ. Granada. Programa Oficial de Doctorado en: Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación