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In this study, we analyse incremental cooperative communication for wireless body area networks (WBANs) with different numbers of relays. Energy efficiency (EE) and the packet error rate (PER) are investigated for different schemes. We propose a new cooperative communication scheme with three-stage relaying and compare it to existing schemes. Our proposed scheme provides reliable communication with less PER at the cost of surplus energy consumption. Analytical expressions for the EE of the proposed three-stage cooperative communication scheme are also derived, taking into account the effect of PER. Later on, the proposed three-stage incremental cooperation is implemented in a network layer protocol; enhanced incremental cooperative critical data transmission in emergencies for static WBANs (EInCo-CEStat). Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the proposed scheme. Results of incremental relay-based cooperative communication protocols are compared to two existing cooperative routing protocols: cooperative critical data transmission in emergencies for static WBANs (Co-CEStat) and InCo-CEStat. It is observed from the simulation results that incremental relay-based cooperation is more energy efficient than the existing conventional cooperation protocol, Co-CEStat. The results also reveal that EInCo-CEStat proves to be more reliable with less PER and higher throughput than both of the counterpart protocols. However, InCo-CEStat has less throughput with a greater stability period and network lifetime. Due to the availability of more redundant links, EInCo-CEStat achieves a reduced packet drop rate at the cost of increased energy consumption.

Background: The CLASP IID randomized trial (Edwards PASCAL TrAnScatheter Valve RePair System Pivotal Clinical Trial) demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the PASCAL system for mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) in patients at prohibitive surgical risk with significant symptomatic degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR)., Objectives: This study describes the echocardiographic methods and outcomes from the CLASP IID trial and analyzes baseline variables associated with residual mitral regurgitation (MR) ≤1+., Methods: An independent echocardiographic core laboratory assessed echocardiographic parameters based on American Society of Echocardiography guidelines focusing on MR mechanism, severity, and feasibility of M-TEER. Factors associated with residual MR ≤1+ were identified using logistic regression., Results: In 180 randomized patients, baseline echocardiographic parameters were well matched between the PASCAL (n = 117) and MitraClip (n = 63) groups, with flail leaflets present in 79.2% of patients. Baseline MR was 4+ in 76.4% and 3+ in 23.6% of patients. All patients achieved MR ≤2+ at discharge. The proportion of patients with MR ≤1+ was similar in both groups at discharge but diverged at 6 months, favoring PASCAL (83.7% vs 71.2%). Overall, patients with a smaller flail gap were significantly more likely to achieve MR ≤1+ at discharge (adjusted OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.50-0.99). Patients treated with PASCAL and those with a smaller flail gap were significantly more likely to sustain MR ≤1+ to 6 months (adjusted OR: 2.72 and 0.76; 95% CI: 1.08-6.89 and 0.60-0.98, respectively)., Conclusions: The study used DMR-specific echocardiographic methodology for M-TEER reflecting current guidelines and advances in 3-dimensional echocardiography. Treatment with PASCAL and a smaller flail gap were significant factors in sustaining MR ≤1+ to 6 months. Results demonstrate that MR ≤1+ is an achievable benchmark for successful M-TEER. (Edwards PASCAL TrAnScatheter Valve RePair System Pivotal Clinical Trial [CLASP IID]; NCT03706833)., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures The CLASP IID trial is funded by Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Marcoff has served as a member of the echocardiography core laboratory for Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, and Medtronic, with no direct compensation. Dr Koulogiannis has served as a consultant and advisory board member for Edwards Lifesciences; has served as a speaker for Abbott; has served as a member of the echocardiography core laboratory for Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, and Medtronic, with no direct compensation. Dr Lilian Aldaia has served as a member of the echocardiography core laboratory for Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, and Medtronic, with no direct compensation. Dr Mediratta has served as a member of the echocardiography core laboratory for Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, and Medtronic, with no direct compensation. Dr Chadderdon has served as a consultant for Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic; and has received research grants from GE Healthcare. Dr Makar has served as a consultant for Boston Scientific and Abbott Vascular. Dr Ruf has received speaker, consulting, and proctoring fees from Abbott Laboratories and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Nabauer has received speaker, consulting, and proctoring fees from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Grayburn has received research grants from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Cardiovalve, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, Neochord, W. L. Gore and Associates, and 4C Medical; and has also served as a consultant and advisory board member for Abbott Vascular, Cardiovalve, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, W. L. Gore and Associates, and 4C Medical. Dr Vannan has received research grants and speaker honoraria from Piedmont Heart Institute for Abbott, Medtronic, Edwards Lifesciences, Philips, Siemens Healthineers, and GE Healthcare. Dr Ender has received institutional honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, and Medela, with no direct compensation. Dr Puthumana has served on the Speakers Bureau and as a training consultant for Abbott Structural and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Mansoor has served as a consultant for Atricure. Dr Hahn has received speaker fees from Abbott Structural, Baylis Medical, Edwards Lifesciences, and Philips Healthcare; has stock options with Navigate; has held institutional consulting contracts with Abbott Structural, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and Novartis; and has served as a Chief Scientific Officer for the echocardiography core laboratory at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation for multiple industry-sponsored trials, with no direct industry compensation for either. Dr Mahmood has served as a consultant for education materials for Abbott Medical and GE Ultrasound. Dr Haeffele has served as a consultant to Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Ong has received speaker fees from Abbott. Dr Schneider has served as a speaker, proctor, and advisor for Edwards Lifesciences and Abbott; and has served as an advisor for Boehringer and Lilly. Dr D. Wang has served as a consultant to Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott Vascular, Materialise, and Boston Scientific. Dr Koss has served as an educational speaker for Abbott and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Harb has served as a consultant for Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Mitria. Dr Miyasaka has served as a consultant for Abbott. Dr Ivannikova has received speaker fees from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Mitchel has served on the Abbott Speakers Bureau. Dr Raissi has served as a consultant for Abbott. Dr Kalbacher has received proctor fees from Edwards Lifesciences and PiCardia Ltd; and has received lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Abbott Medical. Dr Ho has served as an advisor for Neochord, Half Moon Medical, and Valgen; and has held institutional consulting contracts with GE Healthcare and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Smith has served in clinical trial leadership and has received institutional grant and travel support for device evaluation from Edwards Lifesciences; has received institutional grants from Artivion; and has received speaker honoraria from Artivion and Medtronic. Dr Hausleiter has served as a consultant and has received speaker honoraria and institutional research support from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Lim has served as a consultant for Ancora, LagunaTech, Nyra, Opus, Philips, Venus, and Valgen; and has received research grants from Abbott, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. Dr Gillam has served as a consultant for Philips, Bracco, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic; and has institutional echocardiography core laboratory contracts from Abbott, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic, with no direct compensation. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Limited information is available for patients with breast cancer (BC) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially among underrepresented racial/ethnic populations., Methods: This is a COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry-based retrospective cohort study of females with active or history of BC and laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnosed between March 2020 and June 2021 in the US. Primary outcome was COVID-19 severity measured on a five-level ordinal scale, including none of the following complications, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression model identified characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity., Results: 1383 female patient records with BC and COVID-19 were included in the analysis, the median age was 61 years, and median follow-up was 90 days. Multivariable analysis revealed higher odds of COVID-19 severity for older age (aOR per decade, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.32-1.67]); Black patients (aOR 1.74; 95 CI 1.24-2.45), Asian Americans and Pacific Islander patients (aOR 3.40; 95 CI 1.70-6.79) and Other (aOR 2.97; 95 CI 1.71-5.17) racial/ethnic groups; worse ECOG performance status (ECOG PS ≥2: aOR, 7.78 [95% CI, 4.83-12.5]); pre-existing cardiovascular (aOR, 2.26 [95% CI, 1.63-3.15])/pulmonary comorbidities (aOR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.20-2.29]); diabetes mellitus (aOR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.66-3.04]); and active and progressing cancer (aOR, 12.5 [95% CI, 6.89-22.6]). Hispanic ethnicity, timing, and type of anti-cancer therapy modalities were not significantly associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. The total all-cause mortality and hospitalization rate for the entire cohort was 9% and 37%, respectively however, it varied according to the BC disease status., Conclusions: Using one of the largest registries on cancer and COVID-19, we identified patient and BC-related factors associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, underrepresented racial/ethnic patients experienced worse outcomes compared to non-Hispanic White patients., Funding: This study was partly supported by National Cancer Institute grant number P30 CA068485 to Tianyi Sun, Sanjay Mishra, Benjamin French, Jeremy L Warner; P30-CA046592 to Christopher R Friese; P30 CA023100 for Rana R McKay; P30-CA054174 for Pankil K Shah and Dimpy P Shah; KL2 TR002646 for Pankil Shah and the American Cancer Society and Hope Foundation for Cancer Research (MRSG-16-152-01-CCE) and P30-CA054174 for Dimpy P Shah. REDCap is developed and supported by Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research grant support (UL1 TR000445 from NCATS/NIH). The funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication., Clinical Trial Number: CCC19 registry is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04354701., Competing Interests: GN, SV, AK, TS, NK, DA, JA, JA, ZB, NB, TB, BB, SB, MB, PB, SB, BB, HB, CC, HC, JD, AD, NE, LF, DF, CF, MG, CG, PG, SG, MH, HH, DH, CH, CJ, SJ, MJ, VK, EK, NK, VK, AK, DK, CL, PL, KL, ML, XL, GL, GL, DM, AM, MM, SM, RM, IM, VM, RN, SN, RN, TN, TO, OP, KP, JP, KP, JP, HP, MP, YR, PR, SR, JR, DR, MR, SR, AR, LS, PS, MS, LS, MS, DS, MS, LT, MT, ST, LW, GW, MW, EW, SM, BF, JW, ML, MA, DS No competing interests declared

Acute thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) developing in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a rare but recognized phenomenon in native kidneys. In the allograft kidney, a diagnosis of TMA has a broad etiologic differential, including antibody-mediated rejection and recurrent and de novo causes of TMA that affect the native kidney. Prior case reports have described plasma exchange or eculizumab use in patients with COVID-19-associated TMA. Herein, we describe the course of a kidney transplant patient with COVID-19-associated TMA with response to eculizumab that was sustained after medication withdrawal and review the literature on COVID-19-associated TMA of the allograft kidney., Competing Interests: DISCLOSURES The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Tissue-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is increasingly used for treatment selection in patients with advanced cancer; however, tissue availability may limit widespread implementation. Here, we established real-world CGP tissue availability and assessed CGP performance on consecutively received samples., Materials and Methods: We conducted a post hoc, nonprespecified analysis of 32,048 consecutive tumor tissue samples received for StrataNGS, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based comprehensive genomic profiling (PCR-CGP) test, as part of an ongoing observational trial (NCT03061305). Sample characteristics and PCR-CGP performance were assessed across all tested samples, including exception samples not meeting minimum input quality control (QC) requirements (< 20% tumor content [TC], < 2 mm 2 tumor surface area [TSA], DNA or RNA yield < 1 ng/µL, or specimen age > 5 years). Tests reporting ≥ 1 prioritized alteration or meeting TC and sequencing QC were considered successful. For prostate carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, tests reporting ≥ 1 actionable or informative alteration or meeting TC and sequencing QC were considered actionable., Results: Among 31,165 (97.2%) samples where PCR-CGP was attempted, 10.7% had < 20% TC and 59.2% were small (< 25 mm 2 tumor surface area). Of 31,101 samples evaluable for input requirements, 8,089 (26.0%) were exceptions not meeting requirements. However, 94.2% of the 31,101 tested samples were successfully reported, including 80.5% of exception samples. Positive predictive value of PCR-CGP for ERBB2 amplification in exceptions and/or sequencing QC-failure breast cancer samples was 96.7%. Importantly, 84.0% of tested prostate carcinomas and 87.9% of lung adenocarcinomas yielded results informing treatment selection., Conclusion: Most real-world tissue samples from patients with advanced cancer desiring CGP are limited, requiring optimized CGP approaches to produce meaningful results. An optimized PCR-CGP test, coupled with an inclusive exception testing policy, delivered reportable results for > 94% of samples, potentially expanding the proportion of CGP-testable patients and impact of biomarker-guided therapies., Competing Interests: Scott A. Tomlins Employment: Strata Oncology Leadership: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Consulting or Advisory Role: Janssen, Astellas Medivation, Strata Oncology Research Funding: Astellas Medivation Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I am a coinventor on a patent issued to the University of Michigan on ETS gene fusions in prostate and am included in the royalty stream. The diagnostic field of use was licensed to Hologic/Gen-Probe (who sublicensed some rights to Ventana/Roche) and is licensed to LynxDx. I am a coinventor on a patent issued to Strata Oncology related to MSI determination and checkpoint inhibitor benefit Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Strata Oncology, Genzyme Daniel H. Hovelson Employment: Strata Oncology Elizabeth C. Dees Consulting or Advisory Role: Novartis, Strata Oncology, G1 Therapeutics Research Funding: Novartis, Genentech/Roche, Pfizer, Merck, H3 Biomedicine, Meryx Pharmaceuticals Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: G1 Therapeutics Mark E. Burkard Consulting or Advisory Role: Pointcare genomics, Strata Oncology, Novartis Research Funding: AbbVie, Strata Oncology, Puma Biotechnology, Loxo, Merck, Arcus Ventures, Apollomics, Elevation Oncology, Genentech Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I have a patent for implantable/localized drug delivery device that can sample the tumor microenvironment and deliver drug, I have a patent for a method to detect recombination events with CRISPR-mediated editing, and I have a patent for conducting expansion microscopy without specialized equipment Michael Guarino Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Johnson and Johnson, Johnson and Johnson Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: McKesson, ARMO BioSciences, AstraZeneca, BMS, De Novo Pharmaceuticals Marc R. Matrana Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology Speakers' Bureau: Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Merck, Eisai, Genentech, Janssen, Exelixis Eddy S. Yang Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Clovis Oncology, Lilly Research Funding: Lilly, Novartis, Clovis Oncology, Puma Biotechnology Benjamin M. Parsons Consulting or Advisory Role: Celgene, Amgen, AstraZeneca Speakers' Bureau: Amgen, Celgene, AstraZeneca Open Payments Link: https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov/physician/795031 Michael A. Thompson Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Doximity Consulting or Advisory Role: Celgene, VIA Oncology, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, Strata Oncology, Syapse, Adaptive Biotechnologies, AbbVie, GRAIL, Epizyme, Janssen Oncology Research Funding: Takeda, Bristol Myers Squibb, TG Therapeutics, Cancer Research and Biostatistics, AbbVie, PrECOG, Strata Oncology, Lynx Biosciences, Denovo Biopharma, ARMO BioSciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Amgen Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: UpToDate, Peer Review for Plasma Cell Dyscrasias (Editor: Robert Kyle) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, Syapse Other Relationship: Doximity Open Payments Link: https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov/physician/192826/summary William J. Edenfield Consulting or Advisory Role: Chimerix Suresh Nair Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Moderna Therapeutics, Novavax, Biontech, Gilead Sciences Research Funding: Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Nektar Adedayo Onitilo Consulting or Advisory Role: Kite, a Gilead company, Envision Communications Speakers' Bureau: GlaxoSmithKline, Puma Biotechnology, Kite/Gilead, AbbVie Robert Siegel Research Funding: Merck, Mirati Therapeutics, GRAIL, Altor BioScience, Galera Therapeutics, Apollomics, Strata Oncology, Arcus Biosciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cancer Insight, Puma Biotechnology, Conjupro Biotherapeutics, Razor Genomics, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics Other Relationship: American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) William J. Irvin Research Funding: Merck, Altor BioScience, Odonate Therapeutics, Boston Biomedical, Novartis, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics, Altor BioScience, AstraZeneca Arvinda Padmanabhan Speakers' Bureau: Clovis Oncology, Roche Anneliese Gonzalez Research Funding: Novartis, Radius Health, Astellas Pharma Paul Harms Research Funding: Q32 Bio Jennifer Hipp Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology Consulting or Advisory Role: PathAI Kat Kwiatkowski Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Epizyme, Loxo, Editas Medicine, Intuitive Surgical Khalis Mitchell Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Mirati Therapeutics Javed Siddiqui Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology, LynxDx Hana Vakil Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology D. Bryan Johnson Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology Daniel R. Rhodes Employment: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Leadership: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I am paid royalties from the University of Michigan on license revenues related to a patent on prostate cancer gene fusions No other potential conflicts of interest were reported. Scott A. Tomlins Employment: Strata Oncology Leadership: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Consulting or Advisory Role: Janssen, Astellas Medivation, Strata Oncology Research Funding: Astellas Medivation Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I am a coinventor on a patent issued to the University of Michigan on ETS gene fusions in prostate and am included in the royalty stream. The diagnostic field of use was licensed to Hologic/Gen-Probe (who sublicensed some rights to Ventana/Roche) and is licensed to LynxDx. I am a coinventor on a patent issued to Strata Oncology related to MSI determination and checkpoint inhibitor benefit Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Strata Oncology, Genzyme Daniel H. Hovelson Employment: Strata Oncology Elizabeth C. Dees Consulting or Advisory Role: Novartis, Strata Oncology, G1 Therapeutics Research Funding: Novartis, Genentech/Roche, Pfizer, Merck, H3 Biomedicine, Meryx Pharmaceuticals Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: G1 Therapeutics Mark E. Burkard Consulting or Advisory Role: Pointcare genomics, Strata Oncology, Novartis Research Funding: AbbVie, Strata Oncology, Puma Biotechnology, Loxo, Merck, Arcus Ventures, Apollomics, Elevation Oncology, Genentech Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I have a patent for implantable/localized drug delivery device that can sample the tumor microenvironment and deliver drug, I have a patent for a method to detect recombination events with CRISPR-mediated editing, and I have a patent for conducting expansion microscopy without specialized equipment Michael Guarino Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Johnson and Johnson, Johnson and Johnson Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: McKesson, ARMO BioSciences, AstraZeneca, BMS, De Novo Pharmaceuticals Marc R. Matrana Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology Speakers' Bureau: Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Merck, Eisai, Genentech, Janssen, Exelixis Eddy S. Yang Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Clovis Oncology, Lilly Research Funding: Lilly, Novartis, Clovis Oncology, Puma Biotechnology Benjamin M. Parsons Consulting or Advisory Role: Celgene, Amgen, AstraZeneca Speakers' Bureau: Amgen, Celgene, AstraZeneca Open Payments Link: https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov/physician/795031 Michael A. Thompson Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Doximity Consulting or Advisory Role: Celgene, VIA Oncology, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, Strata Oncology, Syapse, Adaptive Biotechnologies, AbbVie, GRAIL, Epizyme, Janssen Oncology Research Funding: Takeda, Bristol Myers Squibb, TG Therapeutics, Cancer Research and Biostatistics, AbbVie, PrECOG, Strata Oncology, Lynx Biosciences, Denovo Biopharma, ARMO BioSciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Amgen Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: UpToDate, Peer Review for Plasma Cell Dyscrasias (Editor: Robert Kyle) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, Syapse Other Relationship: Doximity Open Payments Link: https://openpaymentsdata.cms.gov/physician/192826/summary William J. Edenfield Consulting or Advisory Role: Chimerix Suresh Nair Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Moderna Therapeutics, Novavax, Biontech, Gilead Sciences Research Funding: Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Nektar Adedayo Onitilo Consulting or Advisory Role: Kite, a Gilead company, Envision Communications Speakers' Bureau: GlaxoSmithKline, Puma Biotechnology, Kite/Gilead, AbbVie Robert Siegel Research Funding: Merck, Mirati Therapeutics, GRAIL, Altor BioScience, Galera Therapeutics, Apollomics, Strata Oncology, Arcus Biosciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cancer Insight, Puma Biotechnology, Conjupro Biotherapeutics, Razor Genomics, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics Other Relationship: American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) William J. Irvin Research Funding: Merck, Altor BioScience, Odonate Therapeutics, Boston Biomedical, Novartis, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics, Altor BioScience, AstraZeneca Arvinda Padmanabhan Speakers' Bureau: Clovis Oncology, Roche Anneliese Gonzalez Research Funding: Novartis, Radius Health, Astellas Pharma Paul Harms Research Funding: Q32 Bio Jennifer Hipp Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology Consulting or Advisory Role: PathAI Kat Kwiatkowski Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Epizyme, Loxo, Editas Medicine, Intuitive Surgical Khalis Mitchell Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Mirati Therapeutics Javed Siddiqui Consulting or Advisory Role: Strata Oncology, LynxDx Hana Vakil Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology D. Bryan Johnson Employment: Strata Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology Daniel R. Rhodes Employment: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Leadership: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Strata Oncology, Javelin Oncology Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: I am paid royalties from the University of Michigan on license revenues related to a patent on prostate cancer gene fusions No other potential conflicts of interest were reported., (© 2021 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.)

The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction of oil from pre-dried roselle seeds using response surface methodology (RSM). We also determined the oxidative stability of oil extracted from oven and freeze-dried roselle seed in terms of iodine value (IV), free fatty acid (FFA) value, peroxide value (PV), P-anisidine and total oxidation values (TOTOX value). The RSM was designated based on the central composite design with the usage of three optimum parameters ranged from 8 to 16 g of sample weight, 250-350 mL of solvent volume, and 6-8 h of extraction time. The highest oil yielded from roselle seed using the optimization process was 22.11% with the parameters at sample weight of 14.4 g, solvent volume of 329.70 mL, and extraction time of 7.6 h. Besides, the oil extracted from the oven dried roselle seed had the values of 89.04, 2.11, 4.13, 3.76 and 12.03 for IV, FFA, PV, P-anisidine, and TOTOX values, respectively. While for the oil extracted from freeze-dried roselle seed showed IV of 90.31, FFA of 1.64, PV of 2.47, P-anisidine value of 3.48, and TOTOX value of 8.42. PV and TOTOX values showed significant differences whereas; IV, FFA, and P-anisidine values showed no significant differences between the oven and freeze-dried roselle seed oils., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestNo conflict of interest., (© Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2020.)

Fruits are important food commodities that can be consumed either raw or processed and are valued for their taste, nutrients, and healthy compounds. Mangifera pajang Kosterm (bambangan) is an underutilized fruit found in Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak), Brunei, and Indonesia (Kalimantan). It is highly fibrous and juicy with an aromatic flavour and strong smell. In recent years, bambangan fruit has been gaining more attention due to its high fibre, carotenoid content, antioxidant properties, phytochemicals, and medicinal usages. Therefore, the production, trade, and consumption of bambangan fruit could be increased significantly, both domestically and internationally, because of its nutritional value. The identification and quantification of bioactive compounds in bambangan fruit has led to considerable interest among scientists. Bambangan fruit and its waste, especially its seeds and peels, are considered cheap sources of valuable food and are considered nutraceutical ingredients that could be used to prevent various diseases. The use of bambangan fruit waste co-products for the production of bioactive components is an important step towards sustainable development. This is an updated report on the nutritional composition and health-promoting phytochemicals of bambangan fruit and its co-products that explores their potential utilization. This review reveals that bambangan fruit and its co-products could be used as ingredients of dietary fibre powder or could be incorporated into food products (biscuits and macaroni) to enhance their nutraceutical properties., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Drugs that prevent platelets from sticking together-ie, aspirin, dipyridamole, and clopidogrel-are an important part of therapy to prevent recurrence of ischemic stroke of atherosclerotic origin. We discuss current indications for these drugs and review the evidence behind our current use of aspirin, dipyridamole, and clopidogrel.

Platelet aggregation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis. Platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonists (ticlopidine, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor) are a major advance in the treatment of atherothrombotic diseases, especially acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Ticlopidine was the first thienopyridine introduced into clinical practice, but its potentially serious haematological side-effects limited its use and it was quickly eclipsed by clopidogrel. Clinical trials established aspirin plus clopidogrel as the standard dual anti-platelet therapy in patients with ACS and patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting. Clopidogrel was found to have pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic limitations. Prasugrel is the next approved thienopyridine that has shown superior efficacy in ACS patients undergoing PCI in comparison to clopidogrel, although at the cost of a higher bleeding risk. Ticagrelor is the latest non-thienopyridine ADP receptor blocker that is potent, effective, reversible, and relatively safer as compared to clopidogrel. Both prasugrel and ticagrelor are more potent than clopidogrel. The data so far suggests that ticagrelor has a wider applicability in usage in patients with ACS as compared to prasugrel. Prasugrel however seems to be better tolerated. Search is on for newer more potent but safer anti-platelet agents., (Copyright © 2012 Cardiological Society of India. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

An 11-year-old Nepalese male child presented with history of recurrent abrupt episodes of syncope for the last one year. There was no family history of sudden death at a young age in his family. ECG at base-line revealed an isorhythmic AV dissociation with a heart rate of 50 bpm and a normal QTc. Echocardiography of the heart was normal. His 24 hour holter study revealed frequent VPC's and episodes of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Exercise stress test provoked a polymorphic VT. On EP study, sinus node recovery time (SNRT) was prolonged and ventricular tachycardia (VT) was induced on Isoproterenol infusion. He was treated with a permanent pacemaker and beta-blocker.

A 65-years-old female presented with features suggesting acute coronary syndrome, initially as non STEMI and later as classical Prinzmetal's angina. While being treated she also had recurrent episodes of dizziness and cardiac arrest due to complete heart block and asystole. These episodes occurred while on nitroglycerine infusion and were not accompanied by chest pain or ST-T segment changes. Coronary angiography revealed evidence of reversible multi-vessel coronary spasm. Electrophysiological studies were normal. She was treated with nitrates and calcium blockers and a permanent pacemaker implantation.

We describe a simple and fast method to probe the morphological changes on the exterior and interior of a malaria infected erythrocyte at different stages of parasite development. This involves the imaging and scanning of Giemsa stained malaria infected erythrocytes using optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively.