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13,561 results on '"Ma, Hong"'

151. Centrality dependence of multiplicity fluctuations from a hydrodynamical approach

Author

Ma, Hong-Hao, Lin, Kai, Qian, Wei-Liang, and Wang, Bin

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

As one of the possible signals for the whereabouts of the critical point on the QCD phase diagram, recently, the multiplicity fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions have aroused much attention. It is a crucial observable of the Beam Energy Scan program of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In this work, we investigate the centrality dependence of the multiplicity fluctuations regarding the recent measurements from STAR Collaboration. By employing a hydrodynamical approach, the present study is dedicated to the noncritical aspects of the phenomenon. To be specific, in addition to the thermal fluctuations, finite volume corrections, and resonance decay at the freeze-out surface, the model is focused on the properties of the hydrodynamic expansion of the system and the event-by-event initial fluctuations. It is understood that the real signal of the critical point can only be obtained after appropriately subtracting the background, the latter is investigated in the present work. Besides the experimental data, our results are also compared to those of the hadronic resonance gas, as well as transport models., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.00705

Published
2019

158. Imaging the Side Effects of CAR T Cell Therapy: A Primer for the Practicing Radiologist

Author

Huang, Sophia, de Jong, Dorine, Das, Jeeban P., Widemon, Reginald Scott, Braumuller, Brian, Paily, Jacienta, Deng, Aileen, Liou, Connie, Roa, Tina, Huang, Alice, Ma, Hong, D’Souza, Belinda, Leb, Jay, L’Hereaux, Jade, Nguyen, Pamela, Luk, Lyndon, Francescone, Mark, Yeh, Randy, Maccarrone, Valerie, Dercle, Laurent, Salvatore, Mary M., and Capaccione, Kathleen M.

Published
2023
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159. Mechanism of alternative splicing in gene transcription and research progress in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Author

Meng Guangxue, Ma Hong, Liao Dezhong

Subjects
alternative splicing, genetic transcription, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, rna-binding protein, tumor, Medicine
Abstract

Misregulation of alternative splicing may result in splicing defects in different types of cancers under multiple pathological conditions. Alternative splicing events may serve as potential molecular markers during the diagnosis and treatment for cancer. Alternative splicing is not only a key mechanism for increasing the complexity of proteins in human， but also causes a diversity of expression of transcriptomes and proteomes in a tissue-specific manner. Different coding regions of a certain gene can be spliced in different patterns， resulting in multiple transcription states of this gene， and the final protein product may have different or mutually-antagonistic functional and structural characteristics. It affects the occurrence and development of tumors. Alternative splicing events also occur in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma （HNSCC）. In this article， alternative splicing events in HNSCC and the underlying mechanism were reviewed..

Published
2023
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166. Novel, high accuracy models for hepatocellular carcinoma prediction based on longitudinal data and cell-free DNA signatures

Author

Fan, Rong, Chen, Lei, Zhao, Siru, Yang, Hao, Li, Zhengmao, Qian, Yunsong, Ma, Hong, Liu, Xiaolong, Wang, Chuanxin, Liang, Xieer, Bai, Jian, Xie, Jianping, Fan, Xiaotang, Xie, Qing, Hao, Xin, Wang, Chunying, Yang, Song, Gao, Yanhang, Bai, Honglian, Dou, Xiaoguang, Liu, Jingfeng, Wu, Lin, Jiang, Guoqing, Xia, Qi, Zheng, Dan, Rao, Huiying, Xia, Jie, Shang, Jia, Gao, Pujun, Xie, Dongying, Yu, Yanlong, Yang, Yongfeng, Gao, Hongbo, Liu, Yali, Sun, Aimin, Jiang, Yongfang, Yu, Yanyan, Niu, Junqi, Sun, Jian, Wang, Hongyang, and Hou, Jinlin

Published
2023
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167. Discovery of quinazoline HPK1 inhibitors with high cellular potency

Author

Toure, Momar, Johnson, Theresa, Li, Bin, Schmidt, Ralf, Ma, Hong, Neagu, Constantin, Lopez, Andrea Unzue, Wang, Yanping, Guler, Satenig, Xiao, YuFang, Henkes, Renate, Ho, Kevin, Zhang, Susan, Chu, Chia Lin, Gundra, Uma Mahesh, Porichis, Filippos, Li, Long, Maurer, Christine Katharina, Fang, Zhizhou, Musil, Djordje, DiPoto, Maria, Friis, Emily, Jones, Reinaldo, Jones, Christopher, Cummings, James, Chekler, Eugene, Tanzer, Eva Maria, Huck, Bayard, and Sherer, Brian

Published
2023
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172. Adaptive evolution of the enigmatic Takakia now facing climate change in Tibet

Author

Hu, Ruoyang, Li, Xuedong, Hu, Yong, Zhang, Runjie, Lv, Qiang, Zhang, Min, Sheng, Xianyong, Zhao, Feng, Chen, Zhijia, Ding, Yuhan, Yuan, Huan, Wu, Xiaofeng, Xing, Shuang, Yan, Xiaoyu, Bao, Fang, Wan, Ping, Xiao, Lihong, Wang, Xiaoqin, Xiao, Wei, Decker, Eva L., van Gessel, Nico, Renault, Hugues, Wiedemann, Gertrud, Horst, Nelly A., Haas, Fabian B., Wilhelmsson, Per K.I., Ullrich, Kristian K., Neumann, Eva, Lv, Bin, Liang, Chengzhi, Du, Huilong, Lu, Hongwei, Gao, Qiang, Cheng, Zhukuan, You, Hanli, Xin, Peiyong, Chu, Jinfang, Huang, Chien-Hsun, Liu, Yang, Dong, Shanshan, Zhang, Liangsheng, Chen, Fei, Deng, Lei, Duan, Fuzhou, Zhao, Wenji, Li, Kai, Li, Zhongfeng, Li, Xingru, Cui, Hengjian, Zhang, Yong E., Ma, Chuan, Zhu, Ruiliang, Jia, Yu, Wang, Meizhi, Hasebe, Mitsuyasu, Fu, Jinzhong, Goffinet, Bernard, Ma, Hong, Rensing, Stefan A., Reski, Ralf, and He, Yikun

Published
2023
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176. Examining the Contextual Factors of Science Effectiveness: A Machine Learning-Based Approach

Author

Hu, Jie, Peng, Yi, and Ma, Hong

Abstract

This research intended to identify key contextual factors that synergistically influence high- and low-performing students' science outcomes by drawing upon a dynamic model of educational effectiveness. The dataset, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015, consisted of 79,963 science scores for secondary students (49,924 high performers at proficiency Level 6 and 30,039 low performers at proficiency Levels 1a and 1b) from 53 countries/economies along with students' and school principals' responses to the PISA questionnaires. By applying a support vector machine (SVM) and SVM-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) sequentially, this study successfully: (1) identified 30 key factors of the total 127 contextual factors at the school, classroom, and student levels that synergistically differentiate high and low achievers; and (2) provided evidence to support the validity of the dynamic model of educational effectiveness by recognizing the multidimensionality of the contextual factors.

Published
2022
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178. Phase morphology and fracture toughness of CNT/polyetherimide modified epoxy polymer nanocomposites as matrices for advanced CFRP composites

Author

Ma, Hong, Falzon, Brian, and Aravand, Mohammadali

Subjects
Phase morphology, Fracture toughness, epoxy, Composite, thermopplastic, CNT, nanocomposite, synergy, energy dissipation mechanism
Abstract

Thermosetting epoxy resins are extensively utilised as matrices for advanced carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Their relatively high stiffness, strength, glass transition temperature (Tg), and strong bonding to the reinforcing fibres, together with their ease of processing, are attractive attributes. The high crosslink density of cured epoxies, as a prerequisite for the high Tg and stiffness, is also the primary reason for the relatively low fracture toughness of these materials. This could negatively affect the interlaminar properties of the resulting FRP composites, as the toughness of the matrix is closely related to the delamination fracture toughness of the FRP composites, making them particularly susceptible to impact damage. In light of these issues, the motivation of this work was focused on enhancing the crack resistance of epoxy-based fibre reinforced composites through modifying the matrix via incorporation of micro-/nano-scale heterogeneities to create modified epoxy matrices and resulting FRP composites with significant improvements in fracture toughness for structural applications. These heterogeneities included carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a phase separating thermoplastic (TP) material. Two types of epoxy resins were used and compared in this study, namely a high performance tetrafunctional epoxy and a standard bifunctional type. The resulting systems included various binary and ternary combinations of the epoxy matrices (bifunctional and tetrafunctional epoxies) and heterogeneities (TP and CNTs). Phase morphologies, mutual interactions and synergistic effects on fracture behaviour of the modified epoxy resins were investigated. The relationship between morphological characteristics and interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fibre reinforced composites, based on the selected multiphase matrix materials, were also discussed. The first part of this work explores the underlying mechanism of the formation of phase-separated thermoplastic phases with distinct sizes, based on the two types of epoxy resins (bifunctional and tetrafunctional), and implications on fracture toughness. It is shown that the higher viscosity and cross-link density of the tetrafunctional epoxy are primary reasons for the thermoplastic phase being significantly smaller than the phase observed for the bifunctional epoxy at the same TP content. In both epoxy systems, a particulate morphology is readily observed when the TP content varies from 5 wt% to 15 wt%, and with the further increase of TP content to 20 wt%, the phase morphology turns to co-continuous, accompanied by a higher increase in fracture toughness. The highest fracture toughness, in terms of critical energy release rate (GIC), obtained in the bifunctional epoxy containing 20 wt% TP, is 5.5 times higher than the baseline resin (unmodified epoxy), and 2.7 times higher in the tetrafunctional epoxy system. The successfully developed analytical model for predicting the fracture toughness of TP/epoxy blends further confirms that both shear banding of the matrix and thermoplastic phase crack bridging are two major toughening mechanisms for systems with a particle/matrix morphology. In blends at higher TP contents (20 wt%) with a co-continuous morphology, crack bridging is identified as the dominant crack energy dissipation mechanism. The epoxy blends with 10 and 20 wt% TP are selected as matrices for CFRP composites. The presence of carbon fibres is shown to significantly affect TP phase separation in modified bifunctional systems. The resulting non-uniform phase morphologies of the matrix in the CFRP composites causes quite distinct fracture toughness improvements compared to the bulk epoxy system. For example, at high TP content (20 wt%), an epoxy-rich layer is formed around the carbon fibres, which leads to a 38% reduction in toughness enhancement value in FRP composite when compared to that in 20 wt% TP modified epoxy resin. In CFRPs, based on tetrafunctional epoxy blends, however, fibre reinforcement do not lead to the formation of a non-uniform phase morphology. Therefore, a steady fracture toughness enhancement in these composites can be obtained with increasing thermoplastic content. CNTs are added to the TP-modified epoxy blends to investigate the potential for further gains in fracture toughness by combining different crack energy dissipation mechanisms at both micro- and nano-length scales, and possible synergistic effects. CNTs are either initially added to the epoxy or to the TP, before mixing, to study the influence of the sequence of their introduction. It is shown that CNTs have a significant impact on different aspects of the phase separation process, and the resulting phase morphologies, depending on the introduction order and the types of epoxy (bi-functional and tetra-functional). Ternary blends, prepared by mixing nanotubes with epoxy first (1st approach), show a better CNT dispersion in comparison with the other approach where CNTs are pre-dispersed in the thermoplastic phase (2nd approach). The ternary nanocomposites in both bifunctional and tetrafunctional epoxy systems prepared by 1 st approach show the highest fracture toughness, which is 2.13 and 1.9 times higher than the fracture toughness of the unmodified counterparts respectively. Additionally, a synergistic increase in toughness of ternary blends made by the 1st approach for both epoxy systems is observed, arising from better CNT dispersion and thermoplastic deformability. Ternary epoxy blends used as matrix materials in CFRP composites show a higher degree of morphological homogeneity in comparison with CNT-free blends at similar TP content. CNTs seem to control the thermoplastic phase separation, to some extent, in a bifunctional epoxy system, through limiting molecular diffusion and accelerating the curing reaction. In a system based on a bifunctional epoxy resin at thermoplastic content of 20 wt%, CNTs are found to be mostly localised within the thermoplastic-rich domains, away from the brittle epoxy-rich domains surrounding carbon fibres. This has been identified as the main reason for the even lowered fracture toughness (0.90 kJ/m2 ) compared to the corresponding CNT-free systems (0.85 kJ/m2 ). This is not the case for the FRP composites based on the tetrafunctional epoxy resin where the resulting uniform phase morphology contributes to further improvements in fracture toughness (0.88 kJ/m2 for CFRP composite based on CNT/TP (20 wt%)/epoxy, and 0.82 kJ/m2 for CFRP composite without CNTs). In addition, the high aspect-ratio CNTs made in-house are added to the 20 wt% TP-modified bifunctional epoxy systems with the aim to control the phase morphology. The resulting CFRP specimens are shown to have even higher fracture toughness (0.99 kJ/m2 ), the highest achieved in the project. This is due to the formation of a more uniform phase separation caused by further limitations in molecular diffusion and polymer chain mobility with an increased matrix viscosity.

Published
2020

181. Non-Gaussianity in a general kind noncanonical warm inflation

Author

Zhang, Xiao-Min, Li, Kai, Ma, Hong-Yang, Liu, Qian, and Zhu, Jian-Yang

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The general kind noncanonical warm inflation is introduced and its total non-Gaussianity of perturbation on uniform energy density hypersurfaces is studied. The total non-Gaussianity contains two complementary parts: the three- and the four-point correlations. The three-point correlation part denoted by $f^{int}_{NL}$, comes from the three-point correlation of inflaton field, while the four-point correlation part, denoted by $f_{NL}^{\delta N}$, is the contribution due to the four-point correlation function of the inflaton field. The aforementioned two parts of non-Gaussianity in general noncanonical warm inflation are calculated and analysed respectively, and the comparisons and discussions of the two parts are finally carried out in this study., Comment: 8pages,0figures

Published
2019
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182. Hydrodynamic results on multiplicity fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions

Author

Ma, Hong-Hao, Wen, Dan, Lin, Kai, Qian, Wei-Liang, Wang, Bin, Hama, Yogiro, and Kodama, Takeshi

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Multiplicity fluctuations are one of the most crucial observables in the Beam Energy Scan program of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. It is understood that they can be utilized to probe the whereabouts of the critical point on the phase diagram of the QCD matter. However, a significant portion of these fluctuations is, apart from that related to the QCD phase transition, attributed to the other origins, which we refer to as "noncritical" ones. The present study is dedicated to the noncritical aspects of the multiplicity fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions. In particular, we focus on those of dynamical origin, such as the hydrodynamic expansion of the system and the event-by-event initial fluctuations, in addition to the usual thermal fluctuations, finite volume corrections, and resonance decay at the freeze-out surface. The obtained results are compared to those of the hadronic resonance gas model as well as to the experimental data., Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2019
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190. Security bound of continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with imperfect phase reference calibration

Author

Ma, Hong-Xin, Huang, Peng, Wang, Tao, Bai, Dong-Yun, Wang, Shi-Yu, Bao, Wan-Su, and Zeng, Gui-Hua

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Phase reference calibration is a necessary procedure in practical continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) for the need of Bell-State Measurement (BSM). However, the phase reference calibration may become imperfect in practical applications. We explored the practical security of CV-MDI-QKD with imperfect phase reference calibration under realistic conditions of lossy and noisy quantum channel. Specifically, a comprehensive framework is developed to model and characterize the imperfection of practical phase reference calibration operation, which is mainly caused by the non-synchronization of two remote lasers in senders. Security analysis shows that the imperfect phase reference calibration has significant side effects on the performance and security of the CV-MDI-QKD protocol. A tight security bound to excess noise introduced by imperfect phase reference calibration is derived for reverse reconciliation against arbitrary collective attacks in the asymptotic limit, and the tolerance of the CV-MDI-QKD protocol to this excess noise is also obtained. This security analysis framework can eliminate the security hazards caused by imperfect phase reference calibration without changing the existing CV-MDI-QKD system structure., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures

Published
2019
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191. Production of doubly heavy baryons via Higgs boson decays

Author

Niu, Juan-Juan, Guo, Lei, Ma, Hong-Hao, and Wu, Xing-Gang

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We systematically analyzed the production of semi-inclusive doubly heavy baryons ($\Xi_{cc}$, $\Xi_{bc}$ and $\Xi_{bb}$) for the process $H^0 \rightarrow \Xi_{QQ'}+ \bar {Q'} + \bar {Q}$ through four main Higgs decay channels within the framework of non-relativistic QCD. The contributions from the intermediate diquark states, $\langle cc\rangle[^{1}S_{0}]_{\mathbf{6}}$, $\langle cc\rangle[^{3}S_{1}]_{\mathbf{\bar 3}}$, $\langle bc\rangle[^{3}S_{1}]_{\mathbf{\bar 3}/ \mathbf{6}}$, $\langle bc\rangle[^{1}S_{0}]_{\mathbf{\bar 3}/ \mathbf{6}}$, $\langle bb\rangle[^{1}S_{0}]_{\mathbf{6}}$ and $\langle bb\rangle[^{3}S_{1}]_{\mathbf{\bar 3}}$, have been taken into consideration. The differential distributions and three main sources of the theoretical uncertainties have been discussed. At the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, there will be about 0.43$\times10^4$ events of $\Xi_{cc}$, 6.32$\times10^4$ events of $\Xi_{bc}$ and 0.28$\times10^4$ events of $\Xi_{bb}$ produced per year. There are fewer events produced at the Circular Electron Positron Collider and the International Linear Collider, about $0.26\times 10^{2}$ events of $\Xi_{cc}$, $3.83\times 10^{2}$ events of $\Xi_{bc}$ and $0.17\times 10^{2}$ events of $\Xi_{bb}$ in operation., Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables

Published
2019
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193. First pilot study of maternal spindle transfer for the treatment of repeated in vitro fertilization failures in couples with idiopathic infertility

Author

Costa-Borges, Nuno, Nikitos, Eros, Späth, Katharina, Miguel-Escalada, Irene, Ma, Hong, Rink, Klaus, Coudereau, Clement, Darby, Hayley, Koski, Amy, Van Dyken, Crystal, Mestres, Enric, Papakyriakou, Evmorfia, De Ziegler, Dominique, Kontopoulos, George, Mantzavinos, Themistoklis, Vasilopoulos, Ioannis, Grigorakis, Stylianos, Prokopakis, Thomas, Dimitropoulos, Konstantinos, Polyzos, Panagiotis, Vlachos, Nikolas, Kostaras, Konstantinos, Mitalipov, Shoukhrat, Calderón, Gloria, Psathas, Panagiotis, and Wells, Dagan

Published
2023
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197. Liver-resident NK cells suppress autoimmune cholangitis and limit the proliferation of CD4+ T cells

Author

Zhao, Zhi-Bin, Lu, Fang-Ting, Ma, Hong-Di, Wang, Yin-Hu, Yang, Wei, Long, Jie, Miao, Qi, Zhang, Weici, Tian, Zhigang, Ridgway, William M, Cao, Jie, Gershwin, M Eric, and Lian, Zhe-Xiong

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Liver Disease, Biotechnology, Autoimmune Disease, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Digestive Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Oral and gastrointestinal, Inflammatory and immune system, Adoptive Transfer, Animals, Autoimmune Diseases, B-Lymphocytes, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cytokines, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Progression, Female, Hybridomas, Killer Cells, Natural, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II, Liver-resident NK, Cholangitis, CD4(+) T cell, Suppression, CD4+ T cell, Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Abstract

Liver-resident NK cells are distinct from conventional NK cells and play an important role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis. How liver-resident NK cells participate in autoimmune cholangitis remains unclear. Here, we extensively investigated the impact of NK cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune cholangitis utilizing the well-established dnTGFβRII cholangitis model, NK cell-deficient (Nfil3-/-) mice, adoptive transfer and in vivo antibody-mediated NK cell depletion. Our data demonstrated that disease progression was associated with a significantly reduced frequency of hepatic NK cells. Depletion of NK cells resulted in exacerbated autoimmune cholangitis in dnTGFβRII mice. We further confirmed that the DX5-CD11chi liver-resident NK cell subset colocalized with CD4+ T cells and inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation. Gene expression microarray analysis demonstrated that liver-resident NK cells had a distinct gene expression pattern consisting of the increased expression of genes involved in negative regulatory functions in the context of the inflammatory microenvironment.

Published
2020

198. Long-distance continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with discrete modulation

Author

Ma, Hong-Xin, Huang, Peng, Bai, Dong-Yun, Wang, Tao, Wang, Shi-Yu, Bao, Wan-Su, and Zeng, Gui-Hua

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We propose a long-distance continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) protocol with discrete modulation. This kind of discrete-modulated schemes have good compatibility with efficient error correction code, which lead to higher reconciliation efficiency even at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol is secure against arbitrary collective attacks in the asymptotic limit with proper use of decoy states. And with the using of discrete modulation, the proposed CV-MDI-QKD protocol has simpler implementation and outperform previous protocols in terms of achievable maximal transmission distance, which precisely solve the bottleneck of the original Gaussian-modulated CV-MDI-QKD protocol., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

Published
2018
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199. Comparative genetic architectures of schizophrenia in East Asian and European populations

Author

Lam, Max, Chen, Chia-Yen, Li, Zhiqiang, Martin, Alicia R, Bryois, Julien, Ma, Xixian, Gaspar, Helena, Ikeda, Masashi, Benyamin, Beben, Brown, Brielin C, Liu, Ruize, Zhou, Wei, Guan, Lili, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kim, Sung-Wan, Kubo, Michiaki, Kusumawardhani, Agung AAA, Liu, Chih-Min, Ma, Hong, Periyasamy, Sathish, Takahashi, Atsushi, Xu, Zhida, Yu, Hao, Zhu, Feng, Chen, Wei J, Faraone, Stephen, Glatt, Stephen J, He, Lin, Hyman, Steven E, Hwu, Hai-Gwo, McCarroll, Steven A, Neale, Benjamin M, Sklar, Pamela, Wildenauer, Dieter B, Yu, Xin, Zhang, Dai, Mowry, Bryan J, Lee, Jimmy, Holmans, Peter, Xu, Shuhua, Sullivan, Patrick F, Ripke, Stephan, O’Donovan, Michael C, Daly, Mark J, Qin, Shengying, Sham, Pak, Iwata, Nakao, Hong, Kyung S, Schwab, Sibylle G, Yue, Weihua, Tsuang, Ming, Liu, Jianjun, Ma, Xiancang, Kahn, René S, Shi, Yongyong, and Huang, Hailiang

Subjects
Genetics, Human Genome, Serious Mental Illness, Schizophrenia, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Asian People, Case-Control Studies, Asia, Eastern, Genetics, Population, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Indonesia Schizophrenia Consortium, Genetic REsearch on schizophreniA neTwork-China and the Netherlands, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with approximately 1% lifetime risk globally. Large-scale schizophrenia genetic studies have reported primarily on European ancestry samples, potentially missing important biological insights. Here, we report the largest study to date of East Asian participants (22,778 schizophrenia cases and 35,362 controls), identifying 21 genome-wide-significant associations in 19 genetic loci. Common genetic variants that confer risk for schizophrenia have highly similar effects between East Asian and European ancestries (genetic correlation = 0.98 ± 0.03), indicating that the genetic basis of schizophrenia and its biology are broadly shared across populations. A fixed-effect meta-analysis including individuals from East Asian and European ancestries identified 208 significant associations in 176 genetic loci (53 novel). Trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the sets of candidate causal variants in 44 loci. Polygenic risk scores had reduced performance when transferred across ancestries, highlighting the importance of including sufficient samples of major ancestral groups to ensure their generalizability across populations.

Published
2019

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