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154. Lower abundance of Bacteroidesand metabolic dysfunction are highly associated with the post-weaning diarrhea in piglets

Author

Ren, Wen, Yu, Bing, Yu, Jie, Zheng, Ping, Huang, Zhiqing, Luo, Junqiu, Mao, Xiangbing, He, Jun, Yan, Hui, Wu, Jinlong, Chen, Daiwen, and Luo, Yuheng

Abstract

Growing evidences show a direct link between diarrhea and disorders of gut microbiota in pigs. However, whether there are microbial markers associated with post-weaning diarrhea remains unknown. In the current study, we compared the microbial community, functions and metabolites between healthy weaned piglets (group H, n=7) and piglets with post-weaning diarrhea (group D, n=7), in order to find out diarrhea associated microbial markers. Each of 7 fecal samples was collected from H and D piglets (weaned at 21 d and sampled at 26 d). The metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that the microbial composition, function and metabolic profile in D pigs was considerably reshaped, including the reduced abundance and number of Bacteroides, which significantly correlated with the diarrhea status of host. The carbohydrate metabolism, biosynthesis and metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the activity of glycan and carbohydrates digestion related enzymes showed extensively down-regulated in D pigs compared with H pigs. Diarrhea significantly changed the metabolic profiles of fecal microbiota, and most of the altered metabolites were negatively or positively correlated with the change in the abundance of Bacteroides.In conclusion, the lower abundance of Bacteroidesand its associated metabolic dysfunction may be regarded as microbial markers of physiological post-weaning diarrhea in piglets.

Published
2022
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155. Improvement of growth performance and parameters of intestinal function in liquid fed early weanling pigs()

Author

Jiang, Junjie, Chen, Daiwen, Yu, Bing, He, Jun, Yu, Jie, Mao, Xiangbing, Huang, Zhiqing, Luo, Yuheng, Luo, Junqiu, and Zheng, Ping

Subjects
Male, Feces, Random Allocation, Swine, Animal Health and Well Being, Animals, Digestion, Female, Nutrients, Weaning, Intestinal Mucosa, Animal Feed, Diet
Abstract

Liquid feeding, a widely used technique, has been applied as a feeding technique commonly in global swine production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of liquid feeding on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal barrier functions during the early weaning period in pigs. Three hundred and sixty 24-d-old weanling pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with BW of 6.98 ± 0.15 kg were randomly assigned to a control diet (dry fed basal diet, CON) or as meal mixed with water in the ratio 1:4 (liquid fed basal diet, LF) with 6 replicates per treatment and 30 weanling pigs per replicate. The study lasted 7 d. On days 4 to 7, fresh fecal samples were collected to evaluate apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients. After 7 d, 2 weanling pigs per pen were euthanized and physiological samples were obtained. Results showed that LF increased (P < 0.05) ADG (281 g vs. 183 g), ADFI (374 g vs. 245 g), and final BW (8.95 kg vs. 8.26 kg) compared with CON. Compared with CON, LF significantly decreased (P < 0.05) serum cortisol and d-lactate concentrations as well as the activity of diamine oxidase, enhanced (P < 0.05) the ATTD of ether extract and ash, increased (P < 0.05) the activities of amylase, lipase, and lactase in the jejunal mucosa. Furthermore, LF had higher (P < 0.05) villus height and villi height:crypt depth and increased (P < 0.05) mRNA expressions of insulin-like growth factors-1 receptor (IGF-1R), claudin-2 (CLDN-2), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) in the jejunum. Moreover, LF had lower (P < 0.05) abundances of total bacteria and Escherichia coli and higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of acetic acid and butyric acid in cecal digesta. Altogether, the results indicated that liquid feeding not only promoted growth performance but also improved intestinal health by enhancing gut barrier functions in weanling pigs.

Published
2019

156. Long-term dietary resveratrol supplementation decreased serum lipids levels, improved intramuscular fat content, and changed the expression of several lipid metabolism-related miRNAs and genes in growing-finishing pigs

Author

Zhang, Hengzhi Z, Chen, Daiwen W, He, Jun, Zheng, Ping, Yu, Jie, Mao, Xiangbing B, Huang, Zhiqing Q, Luo, Yuheng H, Luo, Junqiu Q, and Yu, Bing

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, Swine, Fat Body, Non Ruminant Nutrition, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids, Diet, MicroRNAs, Red Meat, Gene Expression Regulation, Resveratrol, Dietary Supplements, Animals, Female, RNA, Messenger, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, serum lipid profiles, intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, and the expression levels of several lipid metabolism-related miRNAs and genes in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 36 healthy crossbred pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with an average initial BW of 24.67 ± 3.49 kg were randomly divided into two groups and fed either with a basal diet (CON) or basal diet containing 600 mg/kg resveratrol (RES). The trial lasted for 119 d. Resveratrol had no significant effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics. However, the concentrations of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein were lower in RES group than those of CON group (P < 0.05). Dietary resveratrol supplementation increased the IMF content in longissimus dorsi (P < 0.05), up-regulated mRNA abundances of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and lipoprotein lipase (P < 0.05), while downregulated mRNA abundances of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1, sirtuin 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (P < 0.05) in LM. In addition, resveratrol enhanced (P < 0.05) the expression of ssc-miR-181a, ssc-miR-370, and ssc-miR-21 and reduced (P < 0.05) the expression of ssc-miR-27a in longissimus dorsi. These results indicated that dietary resveratrol supplementation significantly improved IMF content and decreased serum lipids levels, which might be related with the changes in ssc-miR-181a, ssc-miR-370, ssc-miR-21, ssc-miR-27a and their downstream genes expression.

Published
2019

159. Manno-oligosaccharide attenuates inflammation and intestinal epithelium injury in weaned pigs upon enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 challenge.

Author

Yu, En, Chen, Daiwen, Yu, Bing, Huang, Zhiqing, Mao, Xiangbing, Zheng, Ping, Luo, Yuheng, Yin, Heng, Yu, Jie, Luo, Junqiu, Yan, Hui, and He, Jun

Subjects
INFLAMMATION prevention, INTESTINAL mucosa injuries, ESCHERICHIA coli, INTERLEUKINS, INTRAVENOUS therapy, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, ANIMAL experimentation, CULTURE media (Biology), SWINE, DIET, DUODENUM, OLIGOSACCHARIDES, TUMOR necrosis factors, INFANT weaning, ILEUM
Abstract

To explore the effect of manno-oligosaccharide (MOS) on intestinal health in weaned pigs upon enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC) challenge, thirty-two male weaned pigs were randomly assigned into four groups. Pigs fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing MOS (0·6 g/kg) were orally infused with ETEC or culture medium. Results showed that MOS significantly elevated the digestibility of crude protein and gross energy in both ETEC-challenged and non-challenged pigs (P < 0·05). MOS also elevated serum concentrations of IgA and IgM (P < 0·05), but decreased serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (P < 0·05) in ETEC-challenged pigs. Interestingly, MOS increased villus height and the ratio of villus height:crypt depth in duodenum and ileum (P < 0·05). MOS also increased duodenal sucrase and ileal lactase activity in ETEC-challenged pigs (P < 0·05). MOS decreased the abundance of E. coli, but increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Bacillus in caecum (P < 0·05). Importantly, MOS not only elevated the expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1 and GLUT-2 in duodenum (P < 0·05) but also elevated the expression levels of ZO-1, GLUT-2 and L-type amino acid transporter-1 in ileum (P < 0·05) upon ETEC challenge. These results suggested that MOS can alleviate inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs upon ETEC challenge, which was associated with suppressed secretion of inflammatory cytokines and elevated serum Ig, as well as improved intestinal epithelium functions and microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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160. Manipulation of Intestinal Antiviral Innate Immunity and Immune Evasion Strategies of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Author

Du, Jian, Luo, Junqiu, Yu, Jie, Mao, Xiangbing, Luo, Yuheng, Zheng, Ping, He, Jun, Yu, Bing, and Chen, Daiwen

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes watery diarrhea, dehydration, and high mortality in neonatal pigs, due to its clinical pathogenesis of the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. The host’s innate immune system is the first line of defence upon virus invasion of the small intestinal epithelial cells. In turn, the virus has evolved to modulate the host’s innate immunity during infection, resulting in pathogen virulence, survival, and the establishment of successful infection. In this review, we gather current knowledge concerning the interplay between PEDV and components of host innate immunity, focusing on the role of cytokines and interferons in intestinal antiviral innate immunity, and the mechanisms underlying the immune evasion strategies of PEDV invasion. Finally, we provide some perspectives on the potential prevention and treatment for PEDV infection.

Published
2019
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161. The fungal community and its interaction with the concentration of short‐chain fatty acids in the caecum and colon of weaned piglets

Author

Li, Jiayan, primary, Luo, Yuheng, additional, Chen, Daiwen, additional, Yu, Bing, additional, He, Jun, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, Zheng, Ping, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Tian, Gang, additional, Yan, Hui, additional, Wang, Quyuan, additional, and Wang, Huifen, additional

Published
2020
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173. Dietary 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Supplementation Alleviates Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection by Improving Intestinal Structure and Immune Response in Weaned Pigs

Author

Yang, Jiwen, primary, Tian, Gang, additional, Chen, Daiwen, additional, Zheng, Ping, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, He, Jun, additional, Luo, Yuheng, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Wu, Aimin, additional, and Yu, Bing, additional

Published
2019
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177. Amelioration of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-Induced Intestinal Barrier Disruption by Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan in Weaned Pigs is Related to Suppressed Intestinal Inflammation and Apoptosis

Author

Wan, Jin, primary, Zhang, Jiao, additional, Wu, Guozhong, additional, Chen, Daiwen, additional, Yu, Bing, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Luo, Yuheng, additional, Zheng, Ping, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, and He, Jun, additional

Published
2019
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181. Effects of Bacillus subtilis DSM32315 supplementation and dietary crude protein level on performance, gut barrier function and microbiota profile in weaned piglets1

Author

Tang, Wenjie, primary, Qian, Ye, additional, Yu, Bing, additional, Zhang, Tao, additional, Gao, Jun, additional, He, Jun, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Zheng, Ping, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, and Chen, Daiwen, additional

Published
2019
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182. Long-term dietary resveratrol supplementation decreased serum lipids levels, improved intramuscular fat content, and changed the expression of several lipid metabolism-related miRNAs and genes in growing-finishing pigs1

Author

Zhang, Hengzhi Z, primary, Chen, Daiwen W, additional, He, Jun, additional, Zheng, Ping, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, Mao, Xiangbing B, additional, Huang, Zhiqing Q, additional, Luo, Yuheng H, additional, Luo, Junqiu Q, additional, and Yu, Bing, additional

Published
2019
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183. Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on immunity, antioxidative capacity and intestinal barrier function in weaning piglets.

Author

Chen, Xiaoling, Zeng, Ziyou, Huang, Zhiqing, Chen, Daiwen, He, Jun, Chen, Hong, Yu, Bing, Yu, Jie, Luo, Junqiu, Luo, Yuheng, and Zheng, Ping

Subjects
DIETARY supplements, INTESTINES, RESVERATROL, PIGLETS, OCCLUDINS, IMMUNOGLOBULIN G, GLUTATHIONE peroxidase, SUPEROXIDE dismutase
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dietary supplementation of resveratrol on immunity, antioxidative capacity, intestinal barrier function in weaning piglets. Here, fifty-four 28-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weaning piglets were randomly divided into three dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 150 and 300 mg/kg resveratrol, respectively, for 42 days. The results indicated that resveratrol increased serum immunoglobulin G content. In serum, resveratrol increased glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. In liver, resveratrol not only increased T-AOC and total superoxide dismutase enzyme activities but also decreased MDA content. Meanwhile, the results showed that resveratrol had significantly increased the jejunum villus height and villus height/crypt depth, and decreased the crypt depth in jejunum. Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of IL-10 and ZO-1 were significantly increased in jejunal mucosa. However, there was no significant difference in the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Occludin and Claudin1 between the treatment groups and the control group. Taken together, these results indicated that dietary supplementation of resveratrol could increase antioxidant activity, promote the integrity of intestinal barrier and increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines in weaning piglets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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184. Protective effect of Bombyx morigloverin on intestinal epithelial cells exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli

Author

Lin, Qian, Fu, Qingqing, Su, Guoqi, Chen, Daiwen, Yu, Bing, Luo, Yuheng, Zheng, Ping, Mao, Xiangbing, Huang, Zhiqing, Yu, Jie, Luo, Junqiu, Yan, Hui, and He, Jun

Abstract

Bombyx morigloverin A2 (BMGlvA2) is an induced antimicrobial insect protein isolated from Bombyx mori. This study was conducted to explore the effect and potential mechanisms of BMGlvA2 on inflammatory responses and cellular functions in intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli(ETEC). IPEC-J2 cells pretreated with or without BMGlvA2 (12.5 μg/mL) were challenged by ETEC K88 (1×106CFU/well) or culture medium. We show that BMGlvA2 pretreatment increased the cell viability and improved the distribution and abundance of tight junction protein ZO-1 in IPEC-J2 cells exposure to ETEC (P< 0.05). Interestingly, BMGlvA2 not only decreased the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), but also decreased the expression level of Caspase3 and the apoptosis rate in the ETEC-challenged cells (P< 0.05). Importantly, BMGlvA2 decreased the protein abundances of two critical inflammation-associated signaling proteins, phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (p-IκBα) and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB), in the ETEC-challenged cells. These results indicate that BMGlvA2 attenuates ETEC-induced inflammation in the IPEC-J2 cells by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokine and reduced cell apoptosis.

Published
2021
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188. The fungal community and its interaction with the concentration of short‐chain fatty acids in the faeces of Chenghua, Yorkshire and Tibetan pigs.

Author

Li, Jiayan, Chen, Daiwen, Yu, Bing, He, Jun, Huang, Zhiqing, Mao, Xiangbing, Zheng, Ping, Yu, Jie, Luo, Junqiu, Tian, Gang, and Luo, Yuheng

Subjects
YORKSHIRE swine, SHORT-chain fatty acids, FUNGAL communities, FUNGAL cultures, RUMEN fermentation, SWINE, BODY composition, FECES
Abstract

Summary: Despite their important roles in host nutrition and metabolism, and potential to cause disease, our knowledge of the fungal community in the mammalian gut is quite limited. To date, diversity and composition of fungi in swine gut still remains unknown. Therefore, the first internal transcribed spacer of fungi in faecal samples from three breeds of pigs (10 pigs for each breed) was sequenced based on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, and the relationship between the fungal community and the concentrations of main short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was also analysed. Results indicated that Chenghua (local, higher body fat rate), Yorkshire (foreign, higher lean meat and growth rate) and Tibetan (plateau, stronger disease resistance) pigs harboured distinct fungal community. The Basidiomycota and Ascomycota presented as the two predominant phyla, with Loreleia, Russula and Candida as the top three genera in all samples. Network analysis revealed a total of 35 correlations among different fungal genera, with 27 (77.14%) positive and 8 (22.86%) negative pairwise interactions. Canonical correspondence analysis suggested that fungi in the faeces of pigs were more correlated to the concentration of acetate and butyrate rather than propionate. Spearman's correlation further showed that Tomentella was positively correlated to both acetate and butyrate, and Loreleia was positively correlated to propionate (P < 0.05), while Nephroma and Taiwanofungus were negatively correlated to acetate and propionate (P < 0.05). These findings expanded our knowledge on the intestinal fungi in pigs with different genotypes and phenotypes, indicating that fungi may play an indispensable role during the metabolism of host and the maintenance of intestinal health. The cross‐feeding between fungi and other microorganisms may be crucial during the digestion of dietary carbohydrates and the associated physiological processes, which is worthy to be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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193. 'Dietary Arginine Supplementation Affects Intestinal Function by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity of a Nitric Oxide–Independent Pathway in Low-Birth-Weight Piglets

Author

Zheng, Ping, primary, Song, Yi, additional, Tian, Yihang, additional, Zhang, Hao, additional, Yu, Bing, additional, He, Jun, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, Luo, Yuheng, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Tian, Gang, additional, Chen, Hong, additional, and Chen, Daiwen, additional

Published
2018
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200. The differences between copper sulfate and tribasic copper chloride on growth performance, redox status, deposition in tissues of pigs, and excretion in feces

Author

Zheng, Ping, primary, Pu, Bei, additional, Yu, Bing, additional, He, Jun, additional, Yu, Jie, additional, Mao, Xiangbing, additional, Luo, Yuheng, additional, Luo, Junqiu, additional, Huang, Zhiqing, additional, Luo, Chenggui, additional, Wang, Shaohui, additional, and Chen, Daiwen, additional

Published
2018
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