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The inclusion of environmental enrichment in conventional broiler rearing can increase mobility, bone mass and muscle. This research aimed to evaluate the use of environmental enrichment in the rearing of broilers at different ages and its influence on performance, morphometry, yield and weight of the parts. It was used the completely randomized design in split-plot scheme, being the plots the treatments presence (T1) and absence (T2) of environmental enrichment and the subplots the broiler ages (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days), with 56 chicks in each treatment (T1 and T2). Data obtained were analyzed by the linear effect model of fixed effects and compared by Tukey’s test of means. The animals were raised in a controlled environment, divided into four boxes with dimensions: 1.5 × 1.0 × 0.7 m, containing rice straw bed. In T1 a ladder with a perch on top was used, distributed every 1.5 m2. Environmental enrichment used did not influence broiler’s zootechnical performance. Broilers’ morphometric properties, parts weight and body weight increased due to environmental enrichment and, improvement was observed in chicks rearing’s final phase. The environmental enrichment was beneficial for muscle and bone mass gain in the main commercial parts of the chicken carcass, in addition to reducing the allometric coefficient of the breasts in chickens. RESUMO A inclusão do enriquecimento ambiental na criação convencional dos frangos de corte pode causar aumento na mobilidade, massa óssea e músculos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o uso do enriquecimento ambiental na criação de frangos de corte em diferentes idades e sua influencia no desempenho, morfometria, rendimento e peso das partes. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo que, nas parcelas foram alocados os tratamentos presença (T1) e ausência (T2) de enriquecimento ambiental e nas subparcelas as idades dos frangos (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias), com 56 aves em cada tratamento (T1 e T2). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo modelo linear de efeitos fixos e comparados pelo teste de médias de Tukey. Os animais foram criados em ambiente controlado, dividido em quatro boxes com dimensões: 1,5 × 1,0 × 0,7 m, contendo cama de palha de arroz. Em T1 utilizou-se uma escada com poleiro no topo distribuída a cada 1,5 m2. O uso de enriquecimento ambiental não influenciou no desempenho zootécnico dos frangos de corte. As propriedades morfométricas, peso das partes e o peso corporal dos frangos de corte aumentaram, devido ao uso do enriquecimento ambiental; essa melhoria foi observada na fase final de criação das aves. O enriquecimento ambiental foi benéfico para ganho de massa muscular e óssea nas principais partes comerciais da carcaça de frango, além de reduzir o coeficiente alométrico dos peitos dos frangos.

The alcoholic fermentation of jabuticaba berries (Plinia spp.) originates from a beverage with an intense taste and aroma, popularly known as jabuticaba wine (JW). In addition, polyphenols transferred from fruit peels to the final product turn this beverage into a promising source of bioactive agents. Here, the chemical profile and antioxidant potential of artisanal JW and derivative extracts were determined. Volatile organic compounds were determined by HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis. The wine was dried by lyophilization and subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning (water: ethyl acetate), resulting in three fractions (JWF1-3). ABTS•+ and DPPH•+ scavenging assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. In addition, the extracts’ hematoprotective activity was evaluated against oxidative stress. Finally, the extracts were analyzed by LC-HRMS/MS. HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis highlighted 1,8-cineole as the main compound that contributes to the camphor/mint flavor. JWF2 and JWF3 displayed the highest antioxidant capacity. JWF2 stood out for preventing oxidative damage in red blood cells at 7.8 µg·mL−1 The maximal protection of ascorbic acid occurred at 8.8 µg·mL−1. The LC-HRMS/MS analysis allowed the annotation of seventeen compounds, most of them with recognized antioxidant activity such as anthocyanins, catechins, flavanols, and phenolic acids. The results presented herein reinforce JW as a pleasant beverage with bioactive potential.

The exon junction complex (EJC) plays key roles throughout the lifespan of RNA and is particularly relevant in the nervous system. We investigated the roles of two EJC members, the paralogs MAGOH and MAGOHB, with respect to brain tumor development. High MAGOH/MAGOHB expression was observed in 14 tumor types; glioblastoma (GBM) showed the greatest difference compared to normal tissue. Increased MAGOH/MAGOHB expression was associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients, while knockdown of MAGOH/MAGOHB affected different cancer phenotypes. Reduced MAGOH/MAGOHB expression in GBM cells caused alterations in the splicing profile, including re-splicing and skipping of multiple exons. The binding profiles of EJC proteins indicated that exons affected by MAGOH/MAGOHB knockdown accumulated fewer complexes on average, providing a possible explanation for their sensitivity to MAGOH/MAGOHB knockdown. Transcripts (genes) showing alterations in the splicing profile are mainly implicated in cell division, cell cycle, splicing, and translation. We propose that high MAGOH/MAGOHB levels are required to safeguard the splicing of genes in high demand in scenarios requiring increased cell proliferation (brain development and GBM growth), ensuring efficient cell division, cell cycle regulation, and gene expression (splicing and translation). Since differentiated neuronal cells do not require increased MAGOH/MAGOHB expression, targeting these paralogs is a potential option for treating GBM.

To assume that the artscience's relations can help to understand the historical and cultural construction of scientific knowledge, this paper presents the results of a teaching module's implementation that englobes a graphic novel and its related texts, in order to discuss the non-neutrality in scientific observation and the role of experiments throughout paintings. The module was applied to a history of science subject of a physics course. The objective was to analyze, based on Kathy Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory, to what extent it provides subsidies for students to reflect on pedagogical and scientific practices in a more critical and diversified way. It was found that the teaching module has the potential to think science with art and pluralities in science education. Partindo-se do pressuposto de que relações da arteciência podem auxiliar na compreensão da construção histórica e cultural do conhecimento científico, apresentam-se os resultados da implementação de um módulo de ensino – constituído por uma história em quadrinhos e por seus textos associados – com intuito de se discutir a não neutralidade na observação e o papel dos experimentos no empreendimento científico através de pinturas. O módulo foi aplicado em uma disciplina de história da ciência de um curso de física. A partir dele objetivou-se analisar, com base na teoria fundamentada construtivista de Kathy Charmaz, em que medida o mesmo fornece subsídios para que os(as) alunos(as) possam refletir sobre a prática pedagógica e científica de modo mais crítico e diversificado. Verificou-se que o módulo de ensino apresenta potencialidade para se pensar a ciência com a arte e as pluralidades na educação científica.

A first step in any pest management initiative is recognizing the existing problem - identifying the pest species and its abundance and dispersal capacities. This is not simple and even more challenging when insidious (invasive) species are involved constituting a pest complex. Understanding a species' population diversity and structure can provide a better understanding of its adaptation and relative pest potential. Such is the need for the native rice stink bug Oebalus poecilus and the invasive O. ypsilongriseus in low and high flatlands of South America.The genetic structure differed between both rice stink bug species (FDespite the pointed peculiarities, the obtained results indicate overlap in both species' occurrence and similar genetic structure allowing for a compound problem to be dealt with as the complex requires managing without, as yet, a prevailing species or a niche specialization. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

We evaluated the effect of supplementation with MGA incorporated into nutritional blocks on pregnancy rates (PR) after natural mating and AI of heifers and primiparous cows (Nellore) raised in extensive management. In exp 1, 413 heifers were grouped: control; Block-EB-P4; Block-MGA ; and Bran-MGA, and animals submitted to natural mating. In exp 2, 301 heifers were grouped: control; Block-MGA; and Block-MGA-EC, with animals inseminated after estrus observation for 10 days and, afterwards, mated with bulls. In exp 3, 342 primiparous cows, were divided into 4 groups: Control, Block-MGA-EB-eCG;Block-MGA-EB-CalfRemoval and Block- MGA-CalfRemoval, next, cows were mated with bulls. In exp 1, PR at beggining of breeding season was higher in the Block-MGA (57.84%; P < 0.01) in relation to Control (40.8%) and Block-BE-P4 (36.4%) and it was similar to Bran-MGA (51.0%). In experiment 2, PR at beggining of the BS in the control (56.6%; P = 0.04) was lower than in the MGA-EC (74.4%) and similar to the MGA group (67.7%). In exp 3, at 70 days (P = 0.01) and at the end of the BS( P < 0.02), respectively, the control (55%; 60.4%) had a lower PR than the groups MGA-EB-eCG (72.3%;75.9%;), MGA-EB-CR (74.1%;82.7%) and MGA-CR (74.4%; 81.3%). The results showed that use of MGA added to nutritional blocks in primiparous and heifers provided higher pregnancy rates at the beginning of the breeding season, and also higher PR in primiparous at the end of the season, representing an alternative for reproductive management under extensive conditions.

Patients with severe COVID-19 develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that may progress to cytokine storm syndrome, organ dysfunction, and death. Considering that complement component 5a (C5a), through its cellular receptor C5aR1, has potent proinflammatory actions, and plays immunopathological roles in inflammatory diseases, we investigated whether C5a/C5aR1 pathway could be involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology. C5a/C5aR1 signaling increased locally in the lung, especially in neutrophils of critically ill COVID-19 patients compared to patients with influenza infection, as well as in the lung tissue of K18-hACE2 Tg mice (Tg mice) infected with SARS-CoV-2. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 signaling ameliorated lung immunopathology in Tg-infected mice. Mechanistically, we found that C5aR1 signaling drives neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)s-dependent immunopathology. These data confirm the immunopathological role of C5a/C5aR1 signaling in COVID-19 and indicate that antagonist of C5aR1 could be useful for COVID-19 treatment.