Search

Your search keyword '"Liu, Wenzong"' showing total 610 results
Start Over Author "Liu, Wenzong"
610 results on '"Liu, Wenzong"'

156. US 'diplomacy of human rights': an international law perspective

Author

Liu Wenzong

Subjects
United States -- International relations, China -- International aspects, Human rights -- International aspects, Civil rights -- China, Business
Abstract

The US prides itself as a champion of human rights but its slow action on important international human rights conventions belies this image. The US' adoption of a double standard policy, which only serves US interests, has largely been criticized by diplomatic officials of other countries. China, meanwhile, has overtaken the US in human rights convention involvement. It also views human rights as a domestic matter but it believes that respect of other nations' basic ideologies while pursuing similar concerns will help maintain amicable foreign relations.

Published
1992

168. Optimizing external voltage for enhanced energy recovery from sludge fermentation liquid in microbial electrolysis cell

Author

Li Shuai, Liu Wenzong, Wu Yining, Xu Linji, Wang Aijie, and Ji Wei

Subjects
Energy recovery, Hydrogen, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemical oxygen demand, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, Alkali metal, Pulp and paper industry, Fuel Technology, Activated sludge, chemistry, Microbial electrolysis cell, Fermentation, Faraday efficiency
Abstract

Waste activated sludge (WAS), which is rich in organic substances, provides an energy resource. To recover hydrogen from the organic wastes, microbial electrolysis cell may be used as an efficient device. Since different extra applied voltages have significant effects on the efficiency of microbial electrolysis cell, this paper explores different extra applied voltages (0.6 V–1.2 V) affecting the utilization of sludge fermentation liquid (SFL) that is treated with synchronous double-frequency (28 + 40 kHz) and alkali coupling 72-bacth mesothermal anaerobic fermentation (35 °C). It is found that 0.8 V was the optimum extra applied voltage. With this voltage, the highest energy recovery efficiency will be 169 ± 1% and the peak of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) removal efficiency can be found at 51.4 ± 0.6%; Coulombic efficiency is 98.9 ± 1.0%. The order of complex matter consumption is found to be HAc > HPr > n HBu > n HVa > total carbohydrates > protein. The processing methods of synchronous double-frequency, alkaline, coupling with anaerobic fermentation are feasible for microbial electrolysis cell to transform large amount of waste activated sludge into energy.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

183. Short-chain fatty acid production from waste activated sludge and in situ use in wastewater treatment plants with life cycle assessment.

Author

Li, Xiqi, Liu, Wenzong, Zhang, Wenzhe, Zhou, Aijuan, Xu, Qiongying, He, Zhangwei, Yang, Chunxue, and Wang, Aijie

Subjects
SHORT-chain fatty acids, SEWAGE disposal plants, PRODUCT life cycle assessment, PLANT life cycles, SEWAGE purification, CHONDROITIN sulfates, MICROBIAL exopolysaccharides
Abstract

• Advanced pretreatment strategies to promote the release and conversion of inner carbon sources in sludge are reviewed. • The biochemical principles, types and challenges for SCFAs bio-production from waste-activated sludge are comprehensively reviewed. • The principles and progress of fermentation liquid recovery and in situ use for denitrification are reviewed and challenges are summarized. • LCA strategies for the production of SCFAs from sludge and in situ use in WWTPs are reviewed and refined. The increasing waste-activated sludge (WAS) and shortage of carbon source (CSs) production for biological nitrogen removal (BNR) have limited sewage treatment development. However, WAS is CS-rich and contains nutrients and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which can be carbon banks for BNR but are difficult to attain and have low bioavailability. Thus, inner CS recycling and in situ use in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are crucial. Pretreatment and bioconversion strategies have been adopted to enhance carbon release and production of bioavailable carbon products, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Here, this work reviewed (i) advanced pretreatment methods designed to enhance the release of CSs, including proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and DNA, by cracking EPS, disintegrating sludge flocs, and cracking cell walls; (ii) WAS-based SCFAs bioproduction to improve SCFAs yield and quality by improving the properties of the fermentation substrate and controlling environmental factors; (iii) fermentation process and recovery of CS and in situ use by removing impurities, recovering CS by dehydration, and replenishing the BNR. Furthermore, life cycle assessment (LCA) of this strategy was reviewed and refined. This review guides optimization of the design of inner CS recycling in WWTP and provides development directions. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

185. Microbial network for waste activated sludge cascade utilization in an integrated system of microbial electrolysis and anaerobic fermentation

Author

Liu, Wenzong, He, Zhangwei, Yang, Chunxue, Zhou, Aijuan, Guo, Zechong, Liang, Bin, Varrone, Cristiano, Wang, Ai‑Jie, Liu, Wenzong, He, Zhangwei, Yang, Chunxue, Zhou, Aijuan, Guo, Zechong, Liang, Bin, Varrone, Cristiano, and Wang, Ai‑Jie

Abstract

Background: Bioelectrochemical systems have been considered a promising novel technology that shows an enhanced energy recovery, as well as generation of value-added products. A number of recent studies suggested that an enhancement of carbon conversion and biogas production can be achieved in an integrated system of microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) and anaerobic digestion (AD) for waste activated sludge (WAS). Microbial communities in integrated system would build a thorough energetic and metabolic interaction network regarding fermentation communities and electrode respiring communities. The characterization of integrated community structure and community shifts is not well understood, however, it starts to attract interest of scientists and engineers. Results: In the present work, energy recovery and WAS conversion are comprehensively affected by typical pretreated biosolid characteristics. We investigated the interaction of fermentation communities and electrode respiring communities in an integrated system of WAS fermentation and MEC for hydrogen recovery. A high energy recovery was achieved in the MECs feeding WAS fermentation liquid through alkaline pretreatment. Some anaerobes belonging to Firmicutes (Acetoanaerobium, Acetobacterium, and Fusibacter) showed synergistic relationship with exoelectrogensin the degradation of complex organic matter or recycling of MEC products (H2). High protein and polysaccharide but low fatty acid content led to the dominance of Proteiniclasticum and Parabacteroides, which showed a delayed contribution to the extracellular electron transport leading to a slow cascade utilization of WAS. Conclusions: Efficient pretreatment could supply more short-chain fatty acids and higher conductivities in the fermentative liquid, which facilitated mass transfer in anodic biofilm. The overall performance of WAS cascade utilization was substantially related to the microbial community structures, which in turn depended on the initial pretreatm

Published
2016

191. Erratum to: Enhanced short chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge conditioning with typical agricultural residues: carbon source composition regulates community functions

Author

Guo, Zechong, primary, Zhou, Aijuan, additional, Yang, Chunxue, additional, Liang, Bin, additional, Sangeetha, Thangavel, additional, He, Zhangwei, additional, Wang, Ling, additional, Cai, Weiwei, additional, Wang, Aijie, additional, and Liu, Wenzong, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

192. In situcoupling of reduction and oxidation processes with alternating current-driven bioelectrodes for efficient mineralization of refractory pollutants

Author

Yuan, Ye, Zhang, Junjie, Yin, Wanxin, Zhang, Lulu, Li, Lin, Chen, Tianming, Ding, Cheng, Liu, Wenzong, Wang, Aijie, and Chen, Fan

Abstract

•A single bioelectrode achieved in-situ coupling of reduction and oxidation processes.•Alternating current boosted azo dye initial reduction and subsequent mineralization.•Bidirectional EET in electro-biofilms through cytochromes, pili, and redox mediators.•A collaborative microbiome facilitated efficient bioelectro-metabolism of azo dyes.•Multiple mechanisms of alternating current-driven bioelectrode were deciphered.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

193. Efficient Methane Production from Beer Wastewater in a Membraneless Microbial Electrolysis Cell with a Stacked Cathode: The Effect of the Cathode/Anode Ratio on Bioenergy Recovery

Author

Guo, Zechong, Thangavel, Sangeetha, Wang, Ling, He, Zhangwei, Cai, Weiwei, Wang, Aijie, and Liu, Wenzong

Abstract

A methane-producing microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a promising energy-recovery technology, yet its performance is generally inhibited by the insufficient cathode/anode ratio. In this study, a novel stacked stainless-steel-mesh cathode was designed to investigate the effect of the cathode/anode ratio on methane production in semi-continuous MECs. Overall, energy recovery was significantly enhanced by increasing the cathode/anode ratio. The methane production rate in R3 (cathode/anode ratio of 4 cm2/cm3) reached 0.14 m3m–3day–1with an applied voltage of 0.9 V, which increased by 56–180% compared to the methane production rates in R2 (2.5 cm2/cm3) and R1 (1 cm2/cm3). The overall energy efficiency in R3 was 66–94% higher than the overall energy efficiencies in R2 and R1. The cathode area was sufficient for obtaining and maintaining a maximum current when the cathode/anode ratio was higher than 2.5 cm2/cm3. According to electron balance analysis, when the cathode/anode ratio was less than 2.5 cm2/cm3, the methane production enhancement was mainly attributed to the promotion of bioelectrochemical performance, while the sole biomass contribution was enhanced and led to further improvement in overall methane production when the ratio was above 2.5 cm2/cm3. In general, increasing the cathode/anode ratio of the staked-style cathode would be an effective strategy to improve the methane production in the membraneless MECs.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results