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There has been little attention to the problem of violent stressors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among opioid-dependent patients. In a sample of methadone maintenance patients, the prevalence of lifetime PTSD was determined to be 20% for women and 11% for men. The most common stressors reported were rape for women and seeing someone hurt or killed for men. Further research with methadone patients focused on PTSD should also ascertain current rates of PTSD and determine whether special treatments for PTSD and related problems of depression and suicidal ideation are necessary.

Neisseria in the early stage of dental plaque was studied. Two hundred seventeen strains of Neisseria were isolated from the 12-hour plaque of 9 subjects by using lactose-agar. The isolated strains were divided into 6 major groups with biological characteristics. One hundred twenty-one strains (56%) produced glycogen-like polysaccharide from sucrose. They were divided into 3 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were identified as N. mucosa and N. sicca, respectively. There were 106 strains of N. sica, being the most predominant of the species. The number of strains not producing polysaccharide was 96 (44%). Groups 4 and 5 were Branhamella and N. subflava. The absorption spectra of the ethanol extracts of the pigment in each group were similar and this result supported propriety of the classification by biological characteristics. The adhesiveness of Neisseria to the glass plate was examined. Approximately one-half of N. sica showed an adhesion capacity.