186 results on '"Liangxing Wang"'
Search Results
152. Downregulation of CPA4 to suppress NSCLC proliferation by inducing apoptosis and G1 arrest
- Author
-
Yangyang Fu, Xiaoying Huang, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Apoptosis ,G1 arrest ,Prostate ,business.industry ,Cancer research ,medicine ,business ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
e20074 Background: Carboxypepidase A4 (CPA4) is a member of the metallocarboxypeptidase family. Previous study discovered that CPA4 may participate in cell growth and differentiation of prostate epithelial cells. Meanwhile, CPA4 is a printed gene and thought to be involved in prostate cancer aggressiveness. As is reported, CPA4 was increased in NSCLC tissues compared to normal lung tissues and high expression of CPA4 was correlated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. However, the role of CPA4 play in lung tumorigenesis is still unclear. Methods: We examined the mRNA and protein expression level of CPA4 via real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry in NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues. Growth assays both in vitro and in vivo were performed to elucidate the role of CPA4 may play in lung cancer and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter was conducted to uncover the putative mechanism. Results: CPA4 expression was increased both in mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent tissues. MTT and colony formation assays showed that downregulation of CPA4 in H1299 and A549 cells inhibited lung cancer cells proliferation. We further confirmed this result by using cellomics and celligo. Depleting CPA4 also suppressed tumor growth in mice. Mechanically, we found that suppressing CPA4 expression in lung cancer cells could induce apoptosis and G1 arrest. We supposed that CPA4 expression may be associated with caspase family and it needs further studies. Conclusions: Collectively, we demonstrate that decreased CPA4 inhibits NSCLC proliferation via inducing apoptosis and G1 arrest.
- Published
- 2017
153. Experimental study of survival of pedicled perforator flap with flow-through and flow-end blood supply
- Author
-
Gao Weiyang, S.‐Y. Chen, Yi Wang, Xiaoliang Feng, D.‐S. Ling, Xianyao Tao, Liangxing Wang, Jian Ding, and W. Shi
- Subjects
Male ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anastomosis ,Iliac Artery ,Surgical Flaps ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Necrosis ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ,Animals ,Superficial epigastric artery ,Analysis of Variance ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Graft Survival ,Blood flow ,Fascia ,Laser Doppler velocimetry ,Epigastric Arteries ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Angiography ,Microvessels ,business ,Perfusion ,Artery - Abstract
Background Flap viability after transfer depends on blood flow from the arterial blood supply below the fascia. This study evaluated survival of a pedicle flap with a perforator lateral branch and flow-through blood supply, compared with that of a flap with a flow-end blood supply and perforator terminal branch. Methods Forty Sprague–Dawley rats, 20 in each group, were assigned to transfer of a superficial epigastric artery pedicle island flap with a flow-through or flow-end configuration of blood supply. Laser Doppler imaging was used to evaluate flap perfusion 2 h, 3 days and 5 days after surgery. The rats were killed on day 5, and lead oxide–gelatine-enhanced flap angiography and histology with haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed. Dorsal midline tissue was excised for quantification of vascular endothelial growth factor by western blot assay. Results On day 5 after surgery, the flow-through group exhibited a significantly greater mean(s.d.) flap survival area (97·8(3·5) versus 80·8(10·2) per cent; P = 0·003), microvascular density (303(19) versus 207(41) per mm2; P < 0·001) and perfusion (8·64(0·14) versus 5·95(0·14) perfusion units; P < 0·001) than the flow-end group. The flow-through group exhibited more angiosomes connected by dilated vascular anastomoses between the skin and subcutaneous fasciae. Conclusion The flow-through blood supply improved pedicle perforator flap survival. Surgical relevancePerforator flap failure is mainly the result of impaired blood supply, as a flow-end blood configuration is nourished only by the perforator terminal branch of the artery.This work showed that the flow-through blood supply nourished by the perforator lateral branch improved flap survival, with dilatation of collateral vascular anastomoses and increased neoangiogenesis.The use of a flow-through configuration improves perforator flap survival and could therefore minimize morbidity resulting from flap necrosis.
- Published
- 2014
154. Emergence of quinupristin/dalfopristin resistance among livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus ST9 clinical isolates
- Author
-
Longhua Hu, Dan Li, Yuping Li, Yu Ding, Yongpeng Shang, Chaohui Lu, Chris Parsons, Zhiqiang Qin, Liangxing Wang, Yunling Liu, Fangyou Yu, He Sun, and Xiaoying Huang
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,DNA, Bacterial ,China ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Genotype ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dalfopristin ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Virginiamycin ,Microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Antibiotic resistance ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Aged ,Streptogramin A ,Streptogramin B ,Quinupristin ,General Medicine ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Middle Aged ,Staphylococcal Infections ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Molecular Typing ,Quinupristin/dalfopristin ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Genes, Bacterial ,Vancomycin ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D) is a valuable alternative to vancomycin for the treatment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. However, not long after Q/D was approved, bacteria with resistance to this newer antimicrobial agent were reported. To investigate the prevalence of Q/D resistance, a total of 1476 non-duplicate S. aureus isolates, including 775 MRSA, from a Chinese tertiary hospital were selected randomly from 2003 to 2013. Of the 775 MRSA, 3 (0.4%) were resistant to Q/D. All meticillin-susceptible S. aureus were susceptible to Q/D. The prevalence of Q/D resistance among S. aureus was 0.2% (3/1476). The three isolates with Q/D resistance had the same antimicrobial resistance profile, except for cefaclor and chloramphenicol. All three Q/D-resistant MRSA were positive for five streptogramin B resistance genes (ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA and msrB) and two streptogramin A resistance genes (vatC and vgaA) as determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. MRSA WZ1031 belonged to ST9-MRSA-SCCmecV-t899, whilst MRSA WZ414 and WZ480 belonged to ST9-MRSA-SCCmecNT(non-typeable)-t899. ST9 has been reported predominantly in livestock-associated (LA) MRSA in some Asian countries. The three patients with these MRSA isolates were not livestock handlers and did not keep close contact with livestock. The origin of these important LA-MRSA isolates causing human infections is not known. Taken together, Q/D resistance, which was caused by a combination of ermA-ermB-ermC-msrA-msrB-vatC-vgaA, was first found among S. aureus clinical isolates in China. The present study is the first report of the emergence of human infections caused by ST9 LA-MRSA isolates with Q/D resistance.
- Published
- 2014
155. Carriage of virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with bloodstream, and skin and soft tissue infections in children
- Author
-
Y. Xu, Zhiqiang Qin, X. Huang, J. Xie, X. Yu, Chris Parsons, C. Salgado, Y. Liu, Fangyou Yu, Liangxing Wang, L. Hu, Y. Shang, and Tingjian Li
- Subjects
China ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Epidemiology ,Virulence Factors ,Short Report ,Virulence ,Bacteremia ,Human leukocyte antigen ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Bacterial Proteins ,Gene Frequency ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Gene ,Allele frequency ,High rate ,Soft Tissue Infections ,Soft tissue ,Infant ,Staphylococcal Infections ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Virology ,Molecular Typing ,Infectious Diseases ,Carriage ,Child, Preschool ,Staphylococcal Skin Infections - Abstract
SUMMARYWe investigated the virulence gene carriage and molecular type characteristics ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bloodstream infections (BSIs) and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in children. A total of 71 isolates, 16 of which were methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA), were investigated by PCR for virulence-associated gene profiles, sequence type andspatype. This revealed that 76·7% and 53·7% of the SSTI and BSI isolates, respectively, exhibited simultaneous carriage of ⩾10 virulence genes. Compared to BSI isolates, carriage rates forhla,hlb,cna,clfA,seb,secandpvlgenes were significantly higher in SSTI isolates. By contrast, carriage ofeta,etbandseawas significantly higher for BSI isolates. Thirty-four sequence types (STs) and 36spatypes were identified in the 71 isolates and included 14 novel STs and four novelspatypes. ST59-MRSA-IV/V-t437 was the most common clone in the MRSA isolates. We concluded that virulence determinants are widely distributed in isolates ofS. aureusstrains from children with BSIs and SSTIs, with an unexpectedly high rate in SSTI isolates. Future profiling ofS. aureusvirulence determinants may allow the prediction of severity and outcome for children with these infections.
- Published
- 2012
156. Identification of a Novel NLRP12 Nonsense Mutation (Trp408X) in the Extremely Rare Disease FCAS by Exome Sequencing
- Author
-
Xu Luo, Xiaoru Xia, Liangxing Wang, Caijun Dai, Yangyang Fu, Xiaochun Zhu, and Qiumei Liao
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Urticaria ,Protein Conformation ,Molecular biology ,Gene Identification and Analysis ,Fevers ,Gene Sequencing ,lcsh:Medicine ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Database and Informatics Methods ,Exon ,Sequencing techniques ,0302 clinical medicine ,Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Exome ,DNA sequencing ,Child ,lcsh:Science ,Exome sequencing ,Skin ,Genetics ,Multidisciplinary ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Nonsense Mutation ,Exons ,Genomics ,Pedigree ,Codon, Nonsense ,Female ,Research Article ,Adult ,Heterozygote ,Nonsense mutation ,Mutation, Missense ,Biology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Autoimmune Diseases ,Frameshift mutation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Rare Diseases ,Signs and Symptoms ,Protein Domains ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Mutation Detection ,Aged ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,lcsh:R ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,Proteins ,Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome ,Genome Analysis ,medicine.disease ,Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes ,Biological Databases ,Molecular biology techniques ,030104 developmental biology ,Mutation ,Mutation Databases ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant inherited disease. Although there are four genes that have been linked with FCAS, its molecular diagnosis has been challenging in a relatively large proportion of cases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic defect of a recruited FCAS family using exome sequencing followed by in-depth bioinformatics analysis. As a result, a novel heterozygous stop-gain mutation (Trp408X) in NLRP12 was identified in autosomal dominant inherited FCAS with clinical features of recurrent fever and skin urticaria due to cold conditions. When combined with previous studies, all of the reported mutations were found to have occurred in a highly conserved region in the NACHT domain coding sequence in NLRP12 exon 3, suggesting that a screening strategy for FCAS should focus on this area of the gene. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the importance of exome sequencing for clinical diagnosis of genetic disorders and provides molecular insight into FCAS treatment and diagnosis.
- Published
- 2016
157. Biophysical study on the interaction of ceftriaxone sodium with bovine serum albumin using spectroscopic methods
- Author
-
Jiongwei, Pan, Zaiting, Ye, Xiaoping, Cai, Liangxing, Wang, and Zhuo, Cao
- Subjects
Binding Sites ,Circular Dichroism ,Spectrum Analysis ,Ceftriaxone ,Biophysics ,Thermodynamics ,Hydrogen Bonding ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,Fluorescence - Abstract
The interaction of ceftriaxone sodium (CS), a cephalosporin antibiotic, with the major transport protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), was investigated using different spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), and UV-vis spectroscopy. Values of binding parameters for BSA-CS interaction in terms of binding constant and number of binding sides were found to be 9.00 × 10(3), 3.24 × 10(3), and 2.30 × 10(3) M(-1) at 281, 301, and 321 K, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis of the binding data obtained at different temperatures showed that the binding process was spontaneous and was primarily mediated by van der Waals force or hydrogen bonding. CS binding to BSA caused secondary structural alterations in the protein as revealed by CD results. The distance between CS and Trp of BSA was determined as 3.23 nm according to the Förster resonance energy transfer theory.
- Published
- 2012
158. Virulence gene profiling and molecular characterization of hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with bloodstream infection
- Author
-
Chris Parsons, Juan Xie, Longhua Hu, Tingjian Li, Liangxing Wang, Zhiqiang Qin, Jinwei Wang, Fangyou Yu, Xiaoying Huang, Jinjing Tu, and Yuanyuan Xu
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,China ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Genotype ,Virulence Factors ,Leukocidin ,Virulence ,Bacteremia ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,medicine ,Superantigen ,Humans ,Aged ,Cross Infection ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Molecular epidemiology ,General Medicine ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Middle Aged ,Staphylococcal Infections ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Antimicrobial ,Virology ,Hospitals ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Molecular Typing ,Infectious Diseases ,Carriage ,Female - Abstract
A better understanding of virulence gene profiling and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with bloodstream infection (BSI) may provide further insights related to clinical outcomes with these infections. We analyzed 89 S. aureus isolates including 37 MRSA isolates (41.6%) recovered from 89 adult patients with BSI from 4 hospitals in Zhejiang province, eastern China. Thirty-five (94.6%) of MRSA isolates and 4 (7.7%) of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. All isolates harbored at least 2 of 22 possible virulence genes, including sdrC (92.1%), icaA (89.9%), hla (80.9%), clf (69.7%), sea (68.5%), sdrD (67.4%), hlb (67.4%), sdrE (65.2%), sei (51.7%), seg (50.6%), and cna (50.6%). Forty-four (49.4%) of all S. aureus BSI isolates, including 23 (62.2%) of MRSA isolates, harbored ≥10 of the virulence genes evaluated in this study. Sixteen (43.2%) MRSA isolates and 5 (9.6%) MSSA isolates harbored the gene encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Collective genes for pvl, sdrE, sed, seg, and sei among MRSA isolates were significantly more frequent relative to MSSA isolates (P < 0.05). A total of 22 sequence types (STs), including novel ST2184, ST2199, and ST2200, and 33 spa types, including novel spa types t9530 and t9532, were identified among S. aureus BSI isolates, among which ST188 (15.7%) and ST7 (15.7%), and t091 (12.4%) and t189 (12.4%), seldom noted for Chinese isolates previously, were major STs and spa types, respectively. In contrast to previous reports, no predominant clones were found in the present study. Among the MRSA isolates, although ST239-MRSA-SCCmecIII, predominant clone in China, still represented the most common clone, it only accounted for 18.9%. However, ST188-MRSA- SCCmecIV seldom reported before accounted for 10.8%. Among the MSSA isolates, ST7-MSSA represented the most common clone (23.1%), followed by ST188-MSSA and ST630-MSSA (9.6% each). In conclusion, simultaneous carriage of multiple virulence genes and genetically considerable diversity were common among S. aureus BSI isolates. Furthermore, MRSA isolates exhibited more frequent carriage of superantigen genes and pvl relative to MSSA isolates. Taken together, there are distinctive virulence gene profiling and molecular characteristic among S. aureus isolates associated with bloodstream infection in China.
- Published
- 2012
159. High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta lactamases among Salmonella enterica Typhimurium isolates from pediatric patients with diarrhea in China
- Author
-
Jingye Pan, Yun Luo, Baixing Ding, Xiaojun Yu, Zhiqiang Qin, Fangyou Yu, Qiang Chen, Chris Parsons, Cong Chen, Xueqing Zhang, Lehe Yang, Jinwei Huang, Qiaoqiao Li, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
Bacterial Diseases ,Salmonella ,Cefotaxime ,Epidemiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pediatrics ,Ampicillin ,Pathology ,Clinical Epidemiology ,Gastrointestinal Infections ,Pediatric Epidemiology ,Child ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Sulfamethoxazole ,Salmonella enterica ,Bacterial Pathogens ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Medicine ,Public Health ,Bacterial and Foodborne Illness ,medicine.drug ,Research Article ,Diarrhea ,China ,Clinical Pathology ,Infectious Disease Control ,Tetracycline ,Gastroenterology and Hepatology ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,beta-Lactams ,Microbiology ,Infectious Disease Epidemiology ,beta-Lactamases ,Molecular Genetics ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Microbial Control ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,Humans ,Population Biology ,lcsh:R ,Infant ,Bacteriology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Virology ,Trimethoprim ,Genes, Bacterial ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
We investigated the extended-spectrum beta lactamases among 62 Salmonella enterica Typhimurium isolates recovered from children with diarrhea in a Chinese pediatric hospital. A large proportion of S. enterica Typhimurium isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents, including ampicillin (90.3%), tetracycline (80.6%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (74.2%), chloramphenicol (66.1%), cefotaxime (27.4%). Forty-nine (79.0%) of S. enterica Typhimurium isolates were positive for bla(TEM-1b) and resistant to ampicillin. Thirteen S. enterica Typhimurium isolates (21.0%) were positive for bla(CTX-M-1-group) and bla(CTX-M-9-group), and all isolates harboring bla(CTX-M) genes were positive for ISEcp1. Two main clones (PFGE type A and D) accounted for nearly 70% of S. enterica Typhimurium isolates, and 7 CTX-M-producing isolates belonged to PFGE type D. Collectively, our data reveal multi-drug resistance and a high prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamases among S. enterica Typhimurium isolates from children in China. In addition, we report the first identification of bla(CTX-M-55) within Salmonella spp. Our data also suggest that clonal spread is responsible for the dissemination of S. enterica Typhimurium isolates.
- Published
- 2011
160. [A radomized trial of bronchial arterial infusion(BAI), traditional vein chemotherapy and BAI plus vein chemotherapy sequential therapy in the treatment of advanced and late NSCLC.]
- Author
-
Xiaoying, Huang, Chang, Yu, Liangxing, Wang, Weizhong, Zhou, and Wenhao, Hu
- Abstract
Many patients always late disease when they diagnozed with lung cancer, the therapeutic effect of late lung-cancer was very poor, the aim of this study is to compare therapeutic effect among bronchial arterial infusion (BAI), traditional vein chemotherapy and BAI plus vein chemotherapy sequential therapy, for late NSCLC, and find a better way to treat late lung cancer.One hundred and seven patients with advanced NSCLC were randomly treated by BAI, traditional vein chemotherapy and BAI plus vein chemotherapy sequential therapy.Primary lesion's total response rate(RR) of BAI group, traditional vein chemotherapy group and sequential therapy group were: 59.22%,30.23% and 69.05%, respectively. RR of primary lesion in BAI group was significantly higher than that in traditional vein chemotherapy group(P0.01), sequential therapy group was much higher than that in traditional vein chemotherapy group(P0.01), there was no differences between BAI group and sequential therapy group(P0.05). Metastasis's total response rate(RR) in BAI group, traditional vein chemotherapy group and sequential therapy group were: 18.19%, 53.58%,60.00%, respectively. RR in metastasis BAI group was significantly lower than that in traditional vein chemotherapy group(P0.05), sequential therapy group was much higher than that in BAI group(P0.01), there was no remarkable differences between traditional vein chemotherapy group and sequential therapy group(P0.05).BAI plus vein chemotherapy sequential therapy has good response on both NSCLC primary lesion and metastasis.
- Published
- 2010
161. High prevalence of plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB among Escherichia coliclinical isolates from a Chinese teaching hospital
- Author
-
Dan Yao, Fangyou Yu, Zhiqiang Qin, Liangxing Wang, Chong Chen, Lehe Yang, Di Qu, Qiaoqiao Li, Jingye Pan, Chris Parsons, and Xueqing Zhang
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,Transposable element ,China ,Gene Transfer, Horizontal ,Sequence analysis ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,beta-Lactamases ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Microbiology ,Plasmid ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,Escherichia coli ,Prevalence ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Hospitals, Teaching ,Escherichia coli Infections ,In Situ Hybridization ,Genetics ,Escherichia coli Proteins ,Methyltransferases ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Ribosomal RNA ,16S ribosomal RNA ,DNA Fingerprinting ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Aminoglycosides ,Infectious Diseases ,Conjugation, Genetic ,Horizontal gene transfer ,Research Article ,Plasmids - Abstract
Background Recently, production of 16S rRNA methylases by Gram-negative bacilli has emerged as a novel mechanism for high-level resistance to aminoglycosides by these organisms in a variety of geographic locations. Therefore, the spread of high-level aminoglycoside resistance determinants has become a great concern. Methods Between January 2006 and July 2008, 680 distinct Escherichia coli clinical isolates were collected from a teaching hospital in Wenzhou, China. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify 16S rRNA methylase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including armA and rmtB, and in situ hybridization was performed to determine the location of 16S rRNA methylase genes. Conjugation experiments were subsequently performed to determine whether aminoglycoside resistance was transferable from the E. coli isolates via 16S rRNA methylase-bearing plasmids. Homology of the isolates harboring 16S rRNA methylase genes was determined using pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Among the 680 E. coli isolates, 357 (52.5%), 346 (50.9%) and 44 (6.5%) isolates were resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin, respectively. Thirty-seven of 44 amikacin-resistant isolates harbored 16S rRNA methylase genes, with 36 of 37 harboring the rmtB gene and only one harboring armA. The positive rates of 16S rRNA methylase genes among all isolates and amikacin-resistant isolates were 5.4% (37/680) and 84.1% (37/44), respectively. Thirty-one isolates harboring 16S rRNA methylase genes also produced ESBLs. In addition, high-level aminoglycoside resistance could be transferred by conjugation from four rmtB-positive donors. The plasmids of incompatibility groups IncF, IncK and IncN were detected in 34, 3 and 3 isolates, respectively. Upstream regions of the armA gene contained ISCR1 and tnpU, the latter a putative transposase gene,. Another putative transposase gene, tnpD, was located within a region downstream of armA. Moreover, a transposon, Tn3, was located upstream of the rmtB. Nineteen clonal patterns were obtained by PFGE, with type H representing the prevailing pattern. Conclusion A high prevalence of plasmid-mediated rmtB gene was found among clinical E. coli isolates from a Chinese teaching hospital. Both horizontal gene transfer and clonal spread were responsible for the dissemination of the rmtB gene.
- Published
- 2010
162. Prevalence of virulence genes among invasive and colonising Staphylococcus aureus isolates
- Author
-
Chong Chen, Fangyou Yu, Liangxing Wang, Xiaolei Zhang, Lehe Yang, Qiaoqiao Li, J. Du, J. Huang, and Jingye Pan
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Micrococcaceae ,Virulence Factors ,Virulence ,Staphylococcal infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Bacterial protein ,Bacterial Proteins ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Gene ,Cross Infection ,Suppuration ,biology ,Carrier state ,General Medicine ,Staphylococcal Infections ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Nasal Mucosa ,Infectious Diseases ,Blood ,Carrier State ,Bacteria - Published
- 2010
163. High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant aac(6')-Ib-cr amongst Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates from hospitalised paediatric patients with diarrhoea in China
- Author
-
Jinwei Huang, Liangxing Wang, Xiaojun Yu, Xueqing Zhang, Fangyou Yu, Lehe Yang, Jingye Pan, Cong Chen, Qiang Chen, Chao Zhuo, Xiaoqiang Li, and Qiaoqiao Li
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Serotype ,DNA Topoisomerase IV ,Diarrhea ,Salmonella typhimurium ,China ,Genotype ,medicine.drug_class ,Mutation, Missense ,Drug resistance ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,Quinolones ,Microbiology ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,medicine ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,Prevalence ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Antibacterial agent ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,General Medicine ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Quinolone ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Ciprofloxacin ,Hospitalization ,Molecular Typing ,Infectious Diseases ,Salmonella enterica ,DNA Gyrase ,Genes, Bacterial ,Child, Preschool ,Salmonella Infections ,bacteria ,medicine.drug ,Plasmids - Abstract
In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibilities and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants amongst Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates from hospitalised paediatric patients with diarrhoea in China were investigated. In total, 40 (64.5%) of 62 S. Typhimurium isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥0.5 μg/mL), comprising 28 isolates with low-level resistance and 12 isolates with high-level resistance. All ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were multiresistant to other antimicrobial agents. Four pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) clusters were found amongst the 40 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, amongst which PFGE clusters A, B, E and D accounted for 7, 4, 1 and 28 isolates, respectively. Two isolates with high-level ciprofloxacin resistance had two mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC. The remaining ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates had only one mutation in the QRDR of gyrA. All 62 S. Typhimurium isolates were negative for qnr genes and qepA and 23 (37.1%) of the isolates were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr. Nineteen isolates harbouring aac(6')-Ib-cr belonged to PFGE cluster D. A high prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance and aac(6')-Ib-cr was found amongst S. Typhimurium isolates in China from hospitalised paediatric patients with diarrhoea not receiving quinolones. A single mutation in the QRDR of gyrA as well as production of AAC(6')-Ib-cr contributed to ciprofloxacin resistance. Clonal spread was responsible for the dissemination of aac(6')-Ib-cr amongst S. Typhimurium isolates.
- Published
- 2010
164. Requirement of modulation bandwidth for 100Gb/s optical DQPSK transmission using one dual-drive Mach Zehnder Modulator
- Author
-
Hao He, Dawei Liu, Han Chen, Weisheng Hu, Yi Dong, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
business.industry ,Pulse (signal processing) ,Computer science ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Transmitter ,Electro-optic modulator ,Keying ,Mach–Zehnder interferometer ,Quadrature (mathematics) ,Optics ,Duty cycle ,Modulation ,Electronic engineering ,business ,Symbol rate ,Phase-shift keying - Abstract
This paper demonstrates bandwidth requirement for optical DPQSK transmitter using one Dual-drive Mach Zehnder Modulator (DDMZM) for 100Gb/s physical transmission. The result shows that at receiver bandwidth of 40GHz, NRZ-DQPSK signal requires 60GHz modulation bandwidth at least, while RZ-DQPSK scheme demands less bandwidth, about 40GHz for 50 % duty cycle RZ-DQPSK signal. Keywords: differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK), dual-drive Mach Zehnder modulator (DDMZM), modulation bandwidth 1. INTRODUCTION Recent years 100G Ethernet has attracted much attention both on standardization and technical implementation issues due to the continuous growth of data traffic in provider networks over the decades. Of all the solutions imposed at present, 100Gb/s serial physical transmission using an optical differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) modulation format has been proved as a preferable choice for implementation because of its high spectral efficiency as well as halved bandwidth requirement for electrical components. To further improv e the cost effectiveness, a simplified DQPSK transmitter scheme using single dual-drive Mach Zehnder Modulator (DDMZM) and two-level electrical driving signal was raised. However, the generated optical signal exhibits great ripples caused by the rise-fall edge of the drive signals, and an additional pulse carver is suggested by the author to mitigate the impacts [1, 2]. In this paper, the performances of DQPSK transmitter using one DDMZM with and without pulse carver for 100Gb/s back-to-back (B2B) transmission are evaluated, then the bandwidth characteristics of both NRZ-DQPSK and RZ-DQPSK with duty cycles of 33%, 50% and 67%, are examined respectively. First we introduce the principle of DQPSK transmitter using one DDMZM. Then the bandwidth characteristics of different DQPSK signals are analyzed in sequence. The result indicates that NRZ-DQPSK signal generated by one DDMZM demonstrates great demand for modulation bandwidth, which is beyond the symbol rate; while the RZ carved signals are able to reduce the bandwidth requirement effectively and approach to conventional transmitte r. This feature thus offers an alternative DQPSK scheme with simpler configuration and lower co st for 100Gb/s phys ical transmission.
- Published
- 2008
165. Effect of Gainp Lattice Microstructure on the Algaas/Gainp Tunneling Diode in Gainp/Gaas/Ge Triple-Junction Solar Cell
- Author
-
Depeng Jiang, Wei Zhang, Mengyan Zhang, Liangxing Wang, and Mingbo Chen
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Triple junction ,Wide-bandgap semiconductor ,Heterojunction ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,law.invention ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,law ,Quantum dot ,Solar cell ,Optoelectronics ,Poisson's equation ,business ,Quantum tunnelling ,Diode - Abstract
A numerical simulation was carried out to study the effect of sublattice ordering on the AlGaAs/GaInP2 wide band gap tunneling diode. The self-consistent solution of heterojunction Poisson equation and Schrodinger equation was calculated to give the band profile of a GaInP/GaAs tandem solar cell.
- Published
- 2008
166. [Experimental study of non-invasive percutaneous electrical stimulator for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and its clinical effect]
- Author
-
Lianggang, Hu, Xiaomei, Xu, Yongsheng, Gong, Xiaofang, Fan, and Liangxing, Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ,Treatment Outcome ,Humans ,Electric Stimulation Therapy ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Aged - Abstract
To study the stimulation of the genioglossus with percutaneous biphasic current pulses as a new therapeutical method to treat the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), polysomnography (PSG) was used to synchronously monitor the patient. When OSAS was occurring, the stimulation with the optimal parameter was given in time to make the tongue move forward, the glossopharyngeal airway dilated, the resistance of the upper respiratory tract reduced, the hypoxia at night to be improved and the sleeping structure to be ameliorated because of the function of the dilated muscle of the upper airway. The results of the clinical therapeutic effect indicated that 17 of 22 patients with OSAS had cured effects, 2 of whom improved and 3 of whom were without effect. The effective rate was 77.27%. It is preliminarily proved that this is a new method in the treatment of patients suffered from OSAS.
- Published
- 2006
167. Baicalin attenuates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension via adenosine A2A receptor-induced SDF-1/CXCR4/PI3K/AKT signaling.
- Author
-
Xiaoying Huang, Peiliang Wu, Feifei Huang, Min Xu, Mayun Chen, Huang, Kate, Guo-ping Li, Manhuan Xu, Dan Yao, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of flavonoids ,PULMONARY hypertension ,CHEMOKINE receptors ,PHOSPHATIDYL inositol ,PROTEIN kinase B - Abstract
Background: Baicalin, an important flavonoid in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extracts, exerts a variety of pharmacological effects. In this study, we explored the effects of baicalin on chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and investigated the mechanism underlying these effects. Moreover, we examined whether the inflammatory response was mediated by the A
2A receptor (A2A R) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-induced phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling in vivo. Methods: We established a hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) mouse model by subjecting wild-type (WT) and A2A R knockout (A2A R-/- ) animals to chronic hypoxia, and we examined the effects of a 4-week treatment with baicalin or the A2A R agonist CGS21680 in these animals. Invasive hemodynamic parameters, the right ventricular hypertrophy index, pulmonary congestion, the pulmonary arterial remodeling index, blood gas parameters, A2A R expression, and the expression of SDF-1/CXCR4/PI3K/protein kinase B (PKB; AKT) signaling components were measured. Results: Compared with WT mice, A2A R-/- mice exhibited increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricle-to-left ventricle plus septum [RV/(LV + S)] ratio, RV weight-to-body weight (RV/BW) ratio, and lung wet weight-to-body weight (Lung/BW) ratio in the absence of an altered mean carotid arterial pressure (mCAP). These changes were accompanied by increases in pulmonary artery wall area and thickness and reductions in arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) and hydrogen ion concentration (pH). In the HPH model, A2A R-/- mice displayed increased CXCR4, SDF-1, phospho-PI3K, and phospho-AKT expression compared with WT mice. Treating WT and A2A R-/- HPH mice with baicalin or CGS21680 attenuated the hypoxia-induced increases in RVSP, RV/(LV + S) and Lung/BW, as well as pulmonary arterial remodeling. Additionally, baicalin or CGS21680 alone could reverse the hypoxia-induced increases in CXCR4, SDF-1, phospho-PI3K, and phospho-AKT expression. Moreover, baicalin improved the hypoxemia induced by 4 weeks of hypoxia. Finally, we found that A2A R levels in WT lung tissue were enhanced by hypoxia and that baicalin up-regulated A2A R expression in WT hypoxic mice. Conclusions: Baicalin exerts protective effects against clinical HPH, which are partly mediated through enhanced A2A R activity and down-regulated SDF-1/CXCR4-induced PI3K/AKT signaling. Therefore, the A2A R may be a promising target for baicalin in treating HPH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
168. Microbiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Associated with Invasive Infections in China.
- Author
-
Yinjuan Guo, Shanshan Wang, Lingling Zhan, Ye Jin, Jingjing Duan, Zhihao Hao, Jingnan Lv, Xiuqin Qi, Liang Chen, Kreiswirth, Barry N., Liangxing Wang, and Fangyou Yu
- Subjects
KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae ,PYOGENIC liver abscess ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,MICROBIAL virulence ,AEROBACTIN ,SEROTYPES ,TREATMENT of diabetes ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
A distinctive syndrome caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae (HMKP) including pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is now becoming a globally emerging disease. In the present study, 22.8% (84/369) of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with various types of invasive infections were identified as HMKP, with 45.2% associated with PLA. Multivariate regression analysis showed that male patients with 41-50 years, PLA, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were independent risk factors for HMKP infections. K2 (42.9%, 36/84) was the most common capsular serotype among HMKP isolates, followed by K1 (23.8%, 20/84). Seventy-five percentage of K1 HMKP isolates were associated with PLA, while K2 HMKP isolates accounted for more types of invasive infections. The positive rates of iutA, mrkD, aerobactin, iroN, and rmpA among HMKP isolates were significantly higher than those among non-HMKP isolates (p < 0.05). There was a correlation between magA, ybtS, alls, and wcaG and K1 isolates. Interestingly, mrkD was exclusively detected among HMKP (32.1%, 27/84) and K2 isolates (65.9%, 27/41). All K1 and K2 HMKP and non-HMKP isolates were positive for rmpA. Aerobactin was found among 95.0 and 97.5% of K1 and K2 isolates. ST23 was found to be the most prevalent ST among 69 HMKP isolates with K1, K2, K5, K20, and K57 (27.5%, 19/69) and was only found among K1 isolates. ST65 was the second most prevalent ST (26.1%, 18/69) and was also only found among K2 isolates. ST23-K1 HMKP isolates (84.2%, 16/19) were associated with PLA, while ST65-K2 isolates were correlated with more types of infections relative to ST23-K1 isolates. PFGE results showed that the homology of 84 HMKP isolates was diverse. Only five PFGE clusters with more than 75% similarity accounted for more than three isolates. These five PFGE clusters only accounted for 35 (41.7%, 35/84) isolates. In conclusion, our study first found that hypertension and male patients with 41-50 years old were independent risk factors. The composition of ST types and PFGE clusters among K. pneumoniae K2 isolates was more diverse than K1 isolates. K1 and K2 HMKP isolates had respective specific profiles of virulence-associated genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
169. Characteristic of Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates with quinupristin/dalfopristin resistance in China.
- Author
-
Shanshan Wang, Yinjuan Guo, Jingnan Lv, Xiuqin Qi, Dan Li, Zengqiang Chen, Xueqing Zhang, Liangxing Wang, and Fangyou Yu
- Subjects
DRUG resistance in microorganisms ,ENTEROCOCCUS faecalis ,MICROBIOLOGY ,ENTEROCOCCUS faecium ,QUINUPRISTIN ,DALFOPRISTIN ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D) is a valuable alternative antibiotic to vancomycin for the treatment of multi-drug resistant Enterococcus faecium infections. However, resistance to Q/D in E. faecium clinical isolates and nosocomial dissemination of Q/D-resistant E. faecium have been reported in several countries and should be of concern. Results: From January 2012 to December 2015, 911 E. faecium clinical isolates were isolated from various specimens of inpatients at the first Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University located in Wenzhou, east China. Of 911 E. faecium clinical isolates, 9 (1.0 %, 9/911) were resistant to Q/D, with the Q/D MIC values of 64 mg/L(1), 32 mg/L(1), 16 mg/L(3), 8 mg/L(1) and 4 mg/L(3) determined by broth microdilution. All Q/D-resistant isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, tigecycline and teicoplanin but resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and erythromycin. vatE was only found in one Q/D-resistant E. faecium isolate while vatD was not detected in any of the isolates tested. 8 of 9 Q/D-resistant E. faecium isolates were found be positive for both ermB and msrC. The combinations of Q/D resistance determinants were ermB-msrC (7 isolates) and ermB-msrC-vatE (one isolate). ST78, ST761, ST94, ST21 and ST323 accounted for 4, 2, 1, 1 and 1 isolate, respectively, among which ST78 was the prevalent ST. Conclusion: Q/D-resistant E. faecium clinical isolates were first described in China. Carriage of vatE, ermB and msrC was responsible for Q/D resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
170. First Report of Complete Sequence of a blaNDM-13-Harboring Plasmid from an Escherichia coli ST5138 Clinical Isolate.
- Author
-
Jingnan Lv, Xiuqin Qi, Dan Zhang, Zhou Zheng, Yuehui Chen, Yinjuan Guo, Shanshan Wang, Liang Chen, Kreiswirth, Barry N., Yi-Wei Tang, Zengqiang Chen, Longhua Hu, Liangxing Wang, and Fangyou Yu
- Subjects
PLASMIDS ,GRAM-negative bacteria ,URINARY tract infections ,BACTERIAL genetics ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,AMINO acid sequence - Abstract
Since the first report of blaNDM-1, 16 blaNDM variants have been identified among Gram-negative bacteria worldwide. Recently, a novel blaNDM variant, blaNDM-13, was identified in the chromosome of an ST101 Escherichia coli isolate from Nepal. Here we first reported plasmid-mediated blaNDM-13 in a carbapenem-resistant E. coli ST5138 clinical isolate associated with hospital-acquired urinary tract infection from China. blaNDM-13 and blaSHV-12 coexisted on the a ~54 Kb self-transferable plasmid. Compared with NDM-1, NDM-13, NDM-3, and NDM-4 had two amino acid substitutions (D95N and M154L), one amino acid substitution (D95N) and one amino acid substitutions (M154L), respectively. Complete plasmid sequencing showed that blaNDM-13-harboring plasmid (pNDM13-DC33) was highly similar to the blaNDM-1-harboring IncX3 plasmid pNDM-HN380, a common blaNDM-harboring vector circulating in China. In accordance with the structure of pNDM-HN380, pNDM13-DC33 consists of a 33-kb backbone encoding plasmid replication (repB), stability partitioning, and transfer (tra, trb, and pil) functions, and a 21-kb antimicrobial resistance region with high GC content between umuD and mpr genes. In conclusion, the present study is the first report of a plasmid-encoded blaNDM-13 and the complete sequence of a blaNDM-13-harboring plasmid (pNDM13-DC33). blaNDM-13 maybe originate from blaNDM-1 located on a pNDM-HN380-like plasmid by sequential mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
171. The inhibition of pulmonary vessel remodeling by carbon monoxide system in rats with chronic pulmonary heart disease
- Author
-
Xiaoying, Huang, Liangxing, Wang, Shaoxian, Chen, Zhengjie, Xu, Qunji, Wang, and Xiaofang, Fan
- Subjects
Hypercapnia ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Carbon Monoxide ,Pulmonary Heart Disease ,Hypertension, Pulmonary ,Animals ,Hypoxia ,Rats - Abstract
To study the effect of carbon monoxide on pulmonary vessel remodeling of chronic pulmonary heart disease.Thirty-six sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, and hypoxic hypercapnic group, and hypoxic hypercapnia + hemin group. Blood CO concentration (COHb%), activity of HO-1 in blood serum and lung homogenate, pulmonary arteriole micromorphometric index, HO-1 and HO-1 mRNA were measured.(1) mPAP and RV/(LV + S) were (20.1 +/- 0.8) mm Hg and (35.5 +/- 1.7)% in hypoxic hypercapnic group, they were significantly higher than those of control group's (15.3 +/- 1.4) mm Hg, (26.7 +/- 1.7)%, and those of hypoxic hypercapnia + hemin (activator of HO-1) group's (16.5 +/- 3.7) mm Hg, (30.2 +/- 1.6)% (P0.01). (2) Pulmonary arteriole micromorphometric index in rats of hypoxic hypercapnic group were significantly higher than those of control group and hypoxic hypercapnia + hemin group (P0.01). (3) Blood CO concentration, activity of HO-1 in blood serum and lung homogenate, content of HO-1 and HO-1 mRNA in pulmonary arterioles in rats of hypoxic hypercapnic group were (2.1 +/- 0.9)%, (73 +/- 18) nmol.L(-1).h(-1), (1 751 +/- 311) pmol.mg(-1).h(-1), 0.191 +/- 0.012 and 0.301 +/- 0.017, were significantly higher than those of control group: (0.5 +/- 0.3)%, (25 +/- 8) nmol.L(-1).h(-1), (385 +/- 46) pmol.mg(-1).h(-1), 0.059 +/- 0.005, 0.131 +/- 0.011, but were significantly lower than those of hypoxic hypercapnia + hemin group: (4.9 +/- 2.1)%, (132 +/- 39) nmol.L(-1).h(-1), (2 849 +/- 426) pmol.mg(-1).h(-1), 0.272 +/- 0.013, 0.339 +/- 0.020 (P0.01). (4) Correlation analysis revealed that the relationship between carbon monoxide system and pulmonary arteriole micromorphometric index was significantly negative (P0.01).Up-regulation of endogenous carbon monoxide system can inhibit pulmonary vessel remodeling in rats with chronic pulmonary heart disease induced by hypoxia and hypercapnia.
- Published
- 2002
172. The effect of losartan intervention on the regulation of pulmonary arterial collagen expression by protein kinase C in chronic hypoxic rat models
- Author
-
Shaoxian, Chen, Hao, Zhou, Liangxing, Wang, and Et Al
- Subjects
Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Hypertension, Pulmonary ,Animals ,Collagen ,Pulmonary Artery ,Losartan ,Protein Kinase C ,Rats - Abstract
To investigate the regulating role of protein kinase C(PKC) and the effects of losartan intervention on the expression of pulmonary arterial collagen in chronic hypoxic rat models.Thirty six rats were randomly divided into three groups: healthy control group(A), hypoxic model group(B),and hypoxic + losartan intervention group (C). MT% (vessel medial thichness/ total thichness) and WA% (vessel wall area/total area) of pulmonary arterioles were measured with light microscopy,the ultrastructures of pulmonary arterioles were observed by electronic microscope, the PKC activities of lung tissues were detected with radioactive method,the protein and(or) mRNA expression of PKC and collagen I, III in arterioles were observed using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The relative contents [integral light density(LD)] of PKC, collagen I, III and procollagen I, III mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were calculated with image analysor.(1) The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and weight ratio of right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle(LV)+septum( S)(RV/LV+S) in group B were significantly higher than those in group A(P0.01), but in group C they were significantly lower than those in group B (P0.01). (2) MT% and WA% of pulmonary arterioles in group B were significantly increased than those in group A (P0.01) while in group C both the parameters were significantly decreased than those in group B (P0.01). Collagen fiber deposition in pulmonary arteriolar walls were inhibited in group C by electronic microscopy.(3) The total,cytoplasmic and cytomembrane PKC activities, as well as the ratio of cytomembrane PKC activity to total one in group B were significantly increased than those in group A(P0.01),while all these parameters in group C were significantly decreased than those of group B (P0.01). (4)LD of PKC,collagen I and procollagen I m RNA expressions in pulmonary arterioles were significantly increased in group B than those in group A(P0.01), but in group C they were significantly decreased than those in group B(P0.01). There were no significant differences in collagen III and procollagen IIImRNA expressions among the three groups(P0.05).(5)Significant positive correlations were found between the PKC activities and collagen I expressions(P0.05) and between the expressions of PKC and collagen I in pulmonary arterioles(P0.01).The PKC signal pathway participated the regulation of pulmonary arterial collagen expression in chronic hypoxic rat models and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and structural remodeling of pulmonary arterials. Losartan could reduce the hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by interference the role of PKC on pulmonary arterial collagen expression.
- Published
- 2002
173. [Regulation of the expression of pulmonary arterial collagen by protein kinase C and breviscapine in chronic hypoxic rats]
- Author
-
Hao, Zhou, Shaoxian, Chen, Liangxing, Wang, Qiusha, He, and Xiaofang, Fan
- Subjects
Flavonoids ,Male ,Organ Size ,Pulmonary Artery ,Rats ,Oxygen ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Disease Models, Animal ,Chronic Disease ,Animals ,Female ,Collagen ,Hypoxia ,Protein Kinase C ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
To investigate the effects of protein kinase C and breviscapine on the expression of pulmonary arterial collagen in chronic hypoxic rats.Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (A), hypoxic group(B),hypoxic + breviscapine(bre.)group (C). The ultrastructure of pulmonary arterioles was observed by electron microscope; the PKC activities of lung tissues were measured by radioactivity; the expression of PKC and collagen I and III in arterioles was observed by immunohistochemistry; the expression of procollagen I and III mRNA in arterioles was observed by in situ hybridization. The averages of integral light density( A )of PKC, collagen I and III and procollagen I and III mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were detected by image analysor and their relative contents were calculated.(1) The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and the weight ratio of RV to LV + S in group B were higher than those in group A(P0.01); the mPAP and the weight ratio of RV to LV + S in group C were lower than those in group B (P0.01). (2)Electron microscopy showed breviscapine could inhibit the deposition of collagenous fibers in pulmonary arterioles induced by hypoxia.(3) The total,cytosolic and particulate fractions of PKC activity and the ratio of particulate fraction to total PKC activity in group B were higher than those in group A(P0.01); the total,cytosolic and particulate fractions of PKC activity and the ratio of particulate fraction to total PKC activity in group C were lower than those in group B (P0.05). (4) The A values of PKC, collagen I and procollagen I mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were higher in group B than in group A(P0.01),and the A values of PKC, collagen I and procollagen I mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were lower in group C than in group B(P0.01); the differences in the A values of collagen III and procollagen III mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were not significant among the three groups (P0.05).(5)There were good correlations between the PKC activity of the lung tissues and the A values of collagen I and procollagen I mRNA in pulmonary arterioles(P0.05),and between the A values of PKC in pulmonary arterioles and those of collagen I and procollagen I mRNA in pulmonary arterioles(P0.01).The PKC signal pathway regulates the expression of pulmonary arterial collagen in chronic hypoxic rats which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and structural remodeling of pulmonary arterials breviscapine can lower hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting the effect of PKC and decreasing the expression of pulmonary arterial collagen.
- Published
- 2002
174. Baicalin attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via adenosine A2a receptor related TGF-β1-induced ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
- Author
-
Xiaoying Huang, Yicheng He, Yanfan Chen, Peiliang Wu, Di Gui, Hui Cai, Ali Chen, Mayun Chen, Caijun Dai, Dan Yao, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
BLEOMYCIN ,ADENOSINES ,JAK-STAT pathway ,EXTRACELLULAR signal-regulated kinases ,IDIOPATHIC pulmonary fibrosis ,HYDROXYPROLINE - Abstract
Background: Baicalin has been reported to have anti-fibrosis effect; however, its mechanism still remains to be elucidated. Adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) is a novel inflammation regulator, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study was to explore the relationship of A2aR and TGF-β1-induced ERK1/2 in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, and to investigate whether A2aR mediate the anti-fibrosis effect of Baicalin on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: The A2aR-/- and A2aR+/+ mice were respectively divided into three groups: control group, model group, baicalin group. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in mice of model groups by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, and baicalin was administered in mice of baicalin groups daily for 28 days. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes of lung tissues were evaluated. Lung coefficient and the levels of hydroxyproline (HYP) in lung tissues were measured at the same time. The levels of serum TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA. The expression of TGF-β1, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and A2aR were detected by western blot and immunohistochemical staining techniques. Results: Severe lung fibrosis was observed in the bleomycin-treated mice on day 28. The histopathological findings and collagen content of lung tissues were much severer/higher in A2aR-/- mice than in A2aR+/+ mice. We also showed that TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 were upregulated in bleomycin-treated mice and expressed higher in A2aR-/- mice compared to A2aR+/+ mice. Besides, bleomycin-treated A2aR+/+ mice had increased A2aR level in lungs. However, long-term treatment with baicalin in A2aR-/- and A2aR+/+ mice significantly ameliorated the histopathological changes in lungs. Moreover, Increased TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 expressions in bleomycin-treated A2aR-/- and A2aR+/+ mice were obviously diminished by baicalin. The baicalin-treated A2aR-/- mice had severer lung fibrosis and higher expressions of TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 than A2aR+/+ mice. Baicalin has also upregulated the expression of A2aR in A2aR+/+ mice. Conclusions: Genetic inactivation of A2aR exacerbated the pathological processes of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Together, baicalin could inhibit BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by upregulating A2aR, suggesting A2aR as a therapeutic target of baicalin for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
175. Outbreak by Ventilator-Associated ST11 K. pneumoniae with Co-production of CTX-M-24 and KPC-2 in a SICU of a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Central China.
- Author
-
Longhua Hu, Yanling Liu, Linqiang Deng, Qiaoshi Zhong, Yaping Hang, Zengzeng Wang, Lingling Zhan, Liangxing Wang, Fangyou Yu, Pereira, Alex Leite, and Oliveira, Carina Elisei
- Subjects
KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae ,BETA lactamases ,CARBAPENEMASE - Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) often responsible for numerous hospital-associated outbreaks has become an important public health problem. From January 2013 to February 2014, a total of 41 nonduplicate K. pneumoniae isolates with carbapenem resistance, were collected at a tertiary teaching hospital in Nanchang, central China. Among 41 K. pneumoniae isolates, 28 were isolated from hospitalized patients including 19 from the patients in surgery intensive care unit (SICU) and 13 were isolated from ventilators. Twentyfour of 28 patients infected by CRKP have been submitted to mechanical ventilation using ventilator. More than 95% of the CRKP isolates were resistant to 13 antimicrobials tested. All CRKP isolates were confirmed as carbapenemase producer and were positive for bla
KPC-2 , with one positive for both blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 All carbapenemase-producing isolates harbored at least one of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes tested, among which 95.1% (39/41) of the tested isolates were found to harbor both blaCTX-M-24 and blaKPC-2 , Of note, one isolate harbored simultaneously two carbapenemase genes (blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 ) and two ESBL genes (blaCTX-M-3 and blaTEM-104 ). To the best of our knowledge, coexistence of blaKPC-2 and blaCTX-M-24 in one isolate is first reported. MLST results showed that 41 CRKP isolates belonged to four sequence types (STs) including ST11, novel ST1854, novel ST1855, and ST1224. PFGE results displayed three PFGE clusters. Thirtyeight ST11 CRKP isolates (92.7%, 38/41) including all 13 isolates from ventilators and 25 isolates from patients from seven wards (18 from SICU) belonged to same PFGE cluster, indicating these isolates were clonally related. Fifteen isolates have an identical undistinguished pattern (100% similarity) forming a single clonal population. Moreover, this clone was exclusively linked to the cases attended in SICU and linked to the Ventilators. Additionally, the other SICU cases were linked to closely related clones (similarity greater than 95%). These data indicated that the occurrence of a clonal outbreak associated with ventilators has been found. In conclusion, outbreak by ventilator-associated ST11 K. pneumoniae with co-production of CTX-M-24 and KPC-2 is found in a SICU of a tertiary teaching hospital in central China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
176. Primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma: A case report.
- Author
-
XIAONA XIE, YANFAN CHEN, CHENG DING, XIAOMING YU, LIZHEN ZOU, BOTAO XU, LIANGXING WANG, and XIAOYING HUANG
- Subjects
LEIOMYOSARCOMA ,LUNG cancer treatment ,CHEMORADIOTHERAPY ,PNEUMONECTOMY ,LOBECTOMY (Lung surgery) ,BRONCHOSCOPY - Abstract
Primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma (PPL) is an extremely rare malignant tumor. It has been revealed that PPL may originate from the smooth muscle of the pulmonary parenchyma, pulmonary arteries and bronchi. Patients with PPL may be asymptomatic or present with symptoms similar to those observed in other primary lung tumors. The present study reports the case of a 48-year-old man who presented with a lung mass and underwent a right upper-middle lobe bronchoscope tumor resection. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with PPL. Following the bronchoscopic tumor resection, chemotherapy was administered to the patient; however, the patient succumbed to the disease after the second cycle of chemotherapy. Introduction Leiomyosarcomas are tumors of the smooth muscle cells that may originate in any location, but most often arise in the uterus, gastrointestinal tract and soft tissue. Primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma (PPL) is an extremely rare malignant mesenchymal tumor that appears to originate from the smooth muscle cells of the bronchial and blood vessel wall. PPL accounts for <0.5% of all malignant pulmonary tumors (1). A previous study reported a 5-year survival rate of 60% for PPL (2). The tumors may be treated using surgical resection, which is the primary and definitive mode of treatment. Surgical strategies consist of lobectomy, pneumonectomy and bronchial sleeve resection. The role of other treatment methods has yet to be defined; however, radiochemotherapy is recommended in cases of incomplete resection and malignancy (1). A definitive diagnosis of PPL is provided following pathological examination of a tumor sample. Early detection and complete surgical resection of PPL have been demonstrated to significantly contribute to an increased survival time of patients with the disease (3). Written informed consent was obtained from the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
177. Dissemination of fusidic acid resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates.
- Author
-
Fangyou Yu, Yunling Liu, Chaohui Lu, Jinnan LV, Xiuqin Qi, Yu Ding, Dan Li, Xiaoying Huang, Longhua Hu, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS ,MICROCOCCACEAE - Abstract
Background: A significant trend towards increased fusidic acid (FA) resistance among Staphylococcus aureus with increased duration of use is of concern. The aim of the present study is to investigate the dissemination of fusidic acid resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. Methods: The susceptibility of S. aureus isolates to antimicrobial agents was determined by disc-diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concertrations(MICs) of fusidic acid and vacomycin for fusidic acid resisitant isolates were determined by ager dillution method. FA resistance determinants were determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. SCCmec typing, spa typing and multi-locus sequence typing were used for the determination of molecular characteristics for S. aureus isolates. Results: A total of 392 non-duplicate S. aureus isolates including 181 methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, which were isolated from the clinical specimens of patients at a Chinese tertiary hospital from January, 2012 to September, 2013, were collected for investigating FA resistance. Among 392 S. aureus clinical isolates tested, 56 (14.3 %) with FA MIC values ranging from 2 μg/ml to ≥128 μg/ml were resistant to FA. The proportions of FA resistance among MRSA and MSSA isolates were 27.1 % (49/181) and 3.3 % (7/211). There was a trend of rapidly increased FA resistance among S. aureus and MRSA isolates from 5.2 % and 8.9 % in 2012 to 24.9 % and 45.1 % in 2013. Acquired FA resistance gene, fusB, was present in 73.2 % (41/56) of FA-resistant S. aureus isolates. fusC and fusA mutation were not found in any of tested isolates. A total of 9 sequence types (STs) and 12 spa types were identified among the 56 FA-resistant S. aureus isolates. ST5 accounting for 66.1 % (37/56) was the most prevalent ST. The majority (92.9 %, 52/56) of the isolates tested belonged to clonal complex 5(CC5). t2460 was the most prevalent spa type, accounting for 67.9 % (38/56) . ST5-MRSA- II-t2460 was predominant clone, accounting for 75.5 % (37/49) of FA-resistant MRSA isolates and 66.1 % (37/56) of FA-resistant S. aureus isolates. Five of 7 FA-resistant MSSA isolates belonged to ST630-MSSA. Conclusion: Increased FA resistance among S. aureus isolates was found in China. fusB was predominant FA resistance determinant. The spread of CC5 clone, especially novel ST5-MRSA- II-t2460 clone with high-level resistance to FA, was responsible for the increase of FA resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
178. Paeoniflorin Inhibits Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation via Upregulating A2B Adenosine Receptor in Rat
- Author
-
Jin-Guo Chu, Jin Cao, Guoqing Qian, Xiaoying Huang, Fengying Yin, Chan Chen, Liangxing Wang, Cheng Ding, Guoxiang Li, Jinyan Ye, and Xueding Cai
- Subjects
Male ,Anatomy and Physiology ,Pulmonology ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ,Respiratory System ,lcsh:Medicine ,Pharmacology ,Cardiovascular ,Benzoates ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Glucosides ,Molecular Cell Biology ,Signaling in Cellular Processes ,lcsh:Science ,Hypoxia ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Cell Cycle ,Flow Cytometry ,Up-Regulation ,Chemistry ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction ,Bridged-Ring Compounds ,Drugs and Devices ,Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,Pulmonary Artery ,Receptor, Adenosine A2B ,Cell Growth ,Complementary and Alternative Medicine ,Western blot ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Vascular Biology ,medicine ,Animals ,Pulmonary Vascular Diseases ,Respiratory Physiology ,Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Cell growth ,lcsh:R ,Antagonist ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.disease ,Paeoniflorin ,Pulmonary hypertension ,Adenosine receptor ,Rats ,G-Protein Signaling ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Pharmacodynamics ,chemistry ,Monoterpenes ,lcsh:Q ,Medicinal Chemistry - Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), which is the main active ingredient in the root of Paeonia Radix, has many pharmacological effects. Here, we investigated the effect of PF on rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) under hypoxic conditions and explored the mechanisms of the effects. The anti-proliferative effect of PF increased in a dose dependent manner. At the highest dose (20 μmol/L), the anti-proliferative effect of PF peaked at 24 h after administration. However, the selective A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) antagonist MRS1754 abolished it. PF increased A2BAR mRNA levels from 0.0763±0.0067 of β-actin mRNA levels (hypoxia group) to 0.1190±0.0139 (P
- Published
- 2013
179. Fungemia caused by Penicillium marneffei in an immunocompetent patient with COPD: A unique case report.
- Author
-
Xiaoming Yu, Xueding Cai, Xiaomei Xu, Lin Zhang, Xiaoying Huang, Liangxing Wang, Yanfan Chen, Yu, Xiaoming, Cai, Xueding, Xu, Xiaomei, Zhang, Lin, Huang, Xiaoying, Wang, Liangxing, and Chen, Yanfan
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
180. Pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in disseminated cryptococcosis and fungaemia: an unusual manifestation and a literature review.
- Author
-
Mayun Chen, Xiaomi Wang, Xianjuan Yu, Caijun Dai, Dunshun Chen, Chang Yu, Xiaomei Xu, Dan Yao, Li Yang, Yuping Li, Liangxing Wang, Xiaoying Huang, Chen, Mayun, Wang, Xiaomi, Yu, Xianjuan, Dai, Caijun, Chen, Dunshun, Yu, Chang, Xu, Xiaomei, and Yao, Dan
- Subjects
AMPHOTERICIN B ,ANTIFUNGAL agents ,HETEROCYCLIC compounds ,FLUCONAZOLE ,VORICONAZOLE ,CRYPTOCOCCUS ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents ,KIDNEY transplantation ,PLEURAL effusions ,CRYPTOCOCCOSIS ,DISEASE complications ,FUNGEMIA ,DIAGNOSIS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Cryptococcus neoformans infection usually presents as chronic meningitis and is increasingly being recognized in immunocompromised patients. Presentation with pleural effusion is rare in cryptococcal disease; in fact, only 4 cases of pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in cryptococcosis have been reported in English-language literature to date. We report the first case of pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in a renal transplant recipient who was initially misdiagnosed with tuberculous pleuritis but who then developed fungaemia and disseminated cryptococcosis. The examination of this rare manifestation and the accompanying literature review will contribute to increased recognition of the disease and a reduction in misdiagnoses.Case Presentation: We describe a 63-year-old male renal transplant recipient on an immunosuppressive regimen who was admitted for left pleural effusion and fever. Cytological examinations and pleural fluid culture were nonspecific and negative. Thoracoscopy only found chronic, nonspecific inflammation with fibrosis in the pleura. After empirical anti-tuberculous therapy, the patient developed an elevated temperature, a severe headache and vomiting and fainted in the ward. Cryptococci were specifically found in the cerebrospinal fluid following lumbar puncture. Blood cultures were twice positive for C. neoformans one week later. He was transferred to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) immediately and was placed on non-invasive ventilation for respiratory failure for 2 days. He developed meningoencephalitis and fungaemia with C. neoformans during hospitalization. He was given amphotericin B liposome combined with 5-flucytosine and voriconazole for first 11 days, then amphotericin B liposome combined with 5-flucytosine sustained to 8 weeks, after that changed to fluconazole for maintenance. His condition improved after antifungal treatment, non-invasive ventilation and other support. Further pathological consultation and periodic acid-Schiff staining revealed Cryptococcus organisms in pleural sections, providing reliable evidence for cryptococcal pleuritis.Conclusion: Pleural effusion is an unusual manifestation of cryptococcosis. Cryptococcal infection must be considered in the case of patients on immunosuppressives, especially solid-organ transplant recipients, who present with pleural effusion, even if pleural fluid culture is negative. Close communication between the pathologist and the clinician, multiple special biopsy section stains and careful review are important and may contribute to decreasing misdiagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
181. Effects of baicalin on collagen I and collagen III expression in pulmonary arteries of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
- Author
-
PANPAN LIU, SHUANGQUAN YAN, MAYUN CHEN, ALI CHEN, DAN YAO, XIAOMEI XU, XUEDING CAI, LIANGXING WANG, and XIAOYING HUANG
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
182. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Monoammonium Glycyrrhizinate on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice through Regulating Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway.
- Author
-
Xiaoying Huang, Jiangfeng Tang, Hui Cai, Yi Pan, Yicheng He, Caijun Dai, Ali Chen, Xiaoming Yu, Mayun Chen, Lizhen Zou, and Liangxing Wang
- Subjects
PROTEIN metabolism ,LUNG injury prevention ,EDEMA prevention ,ACUTE diseases ,LUNG analysis ,ALTERNATIVE medicine ,ANIMAL experimentation ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,BIOPHYSICS ,BRONCHOALVEOLAR lavage ,CELLULAR signal transduction ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,GLYCYRRHIZA ,HISTOLOGICAL techniques ,INTERLEUKINS ,RESEARCH methodology ,MICE ,PROBABILITY theory ,STATISTICAL hypothesis testing ,T-test (Statistics) ,TUMOR necrosis factors ,WESTERN immunoblotting ,DNA-binding proteins ,PLANT extracts ,STATISTICAL significance ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ONE-way analysis of variance ,PREVENTION - Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG) on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and possible mechanism. Acute lung injury was induced in BALB/c mice by intratracheal instillation of LPS, and MAG was injected intraperitoneally 1 h prior to LPS administration. After ALI, the histopathology of lungs, lung wet/dry weight ratio, protein concentration, and inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the BALF were measured by ELISA. The activation of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α of lung homogenate was detected by Western blot. Pretreatment with MAG attenuated lung histopathological damage induced by LPS and decreased lung wet/dry weight ratio and the concentrations of protein in BALF. At the same time, MAG reduced the number of inflammatory cells in lung and inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-1β in BALF. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MAG suppressed activation of NF-κB signaling pathway induced by LPS in lung. The results suggested that the therapeutic mechanism of MAG on ALI may be attributed to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate may be a potential therapeutic reagent for ALI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
183. First identification of coexistence of blaNDM-1 and blaCMY-42 among Escherichia coli ST167 clinical isolates.
- Author
-
Xueqing Zhang, Danping Lou, Yuanyuan Xu, Yongpeng Shang, Dan Li, Xiaoying Huang, Yuping Li, Longhua Hu, Liangxing Wang, and Fangyou Yu
- Subjects
ENTEROBACTERIACEAE diseases ,MULTIDRUG resistance ,ANTI-infective agents ,COMMUNICABLE disease treatment ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background Emergence of multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae limits the selection of antimicrobials for treatment of infectious diseases. Identification of NDM-1 makes more difficulty in treating multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, east China, were investigated for NDM-1 production. Results The two tested isolates were negative for modified Hodge test, but positive for a double-disc synergy test used for detecting metallo-β-lactamase production. E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 exhibited discrepant-level resistance to most clinically frequent used antimicrobials, but still susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, fosfomycin, tigecycline and polymyxin B. E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 were positive for bla
NDM-1 determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. Other than blaNDM-1 , E. coli WZ33 also harbored blaCTX-M-14 and blaCMY-42 , while E. coli WZ51 simultaneously harbored blaSHV-12 , blaCTX-M-14 and blaCMY-42 . Carbapenem resistance for E. coli WZ51 and WZ33 could not be transferred to E. coli recipients through conjugation, but could be transferred to E. coli recipients by chemical transformation. The EcoR1-digested DNA pattern of plasmids from the transformant of E. coli WZ51 was different from that of E. coli WZ51. MLST showed that E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 belonged to an animal-associated clone (ST167). Conclusion The present study is the first report of blaNDM-1 carriage in E. coli ST167 isolates and coexistence of blaNDM-1 and blaCMY-42 in same isolate. Systemic surveillance should focus on the dissemination of blaNDM-1 among Enterobacteriaceae, especially E. coli ST167 clone associated with animal infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
184. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs)
- Author
-
Chun Chen, Zhiqiang Qin, Fangyou Yu, Dan Yao, Xueqing Zhang, Liangxing Wang, Zeng-qiang Chen, and Su-su He
- Subjects
Male ,Meticillin ,medicine.disease_cause ,Leukocidins ,Cluster Analysis ,Child ,Aged, 80 and over ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Middle Aged ,Staphylococcal Infections ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Infectious Diseases ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Staphylococcal Skin Infections ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,China ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,Virulence Factors ,Bacterial Toxins ,Exotoxins ,Biology ,Staphylococcal infections ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Microbiology ,Young Adult ,Bacterial Proteins ,medicine ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Aged ,Molecular epidemiology ,Soft Tissue Infections ,SCCmec ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,DNA Fingerprinting ,Multilocus sequence typing - Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is an important cause of pyogenic skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). The aim of present study is to investigate the molecular characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from the pus samples from the patients with purulent skin and soft tissue infections in Wenzhou, China. Methods Between December 2002 and June 2008, a total of 111 nonduplicate S. aureus isolates were collected from the pus samples of the patients with SSTIs in a teaching hospital in Wenzhou, China. All the tested isolates were confirmed as S. aureus using a Staph SPA agglutination kit, Gram's stain and a Vitek-60 microbiology analyzer. The homology among the tested isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the sequence types (STs) of the selected isolates. The genotypes of SCCmec were determined by a multiplex PCR in the MRSA isolates. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes and mecA were also determined by another multiplex PCR. Results Among the 111 S. aureus isolates, 48 and 63 isolates were community-acquired and hospital-acquired respectively. Sixty isolates were confirmed as MRSA harboring mecA detected by PCR. A total of 32 PFGE clonal types were obtained by PFGE, with 10 predominant patterns (types A to J). Twenty-five different STs including ST398 and three novel STs were found among 51 selected isolates. The main STs were ST239, ST1018, ST59, ST7 and ST88. Of 60 MRSA isolates, SCCmec II, III, IV and SCCmec V were found in three, 50, three and two isolates, respectively. The positive rates of PVL genes in overall isolates, HA-isolates, CA-isolates, MRSA isolates and MSSA isolates were 23.4% (26/111), 20.6% (13/63), 27.1% (13/48), 21.7% (13/60) and 25.5% (13/51), respectively. Eight (33.3%, 8/24) of 24 CA-MRSA isolates and 5 (13.9%, 5/36) of 36 HA-MRSA isolates were positive for PVL genes. ST239-MRSA-SCCmecIII and ST1018-MRSA-SCCmecIII clones were found to be main clones and spread between community and hospital. Conclusion S. aureus isolates causing SSTIs showed considerable molecular heterogeneity and harbored high prevalence of PVL genes. Clonal spread was responsible for the dissemination of the isolates of S. aureus associated with SSTIs.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. Pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in disseminated cryptococcosis and fungaemia: an unusual manifestation and a literature review
- Author
-
Xianjuan Yu, Liangxing Wang, Xiaomi Wang, Dunshun Chen, Mayun Chen, Dan Yao, Chang Yu, Yuping Li, Caijun Dai, Li Yang, Xiaomei Xu, and Xiaoying Huang
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Antifungal Agents ,Pleural effusion ,Flucytosine ,Case Report ,Amphotericin B ,medicine ,Thoracoscopy ,Humans ,Meningitis ,Immunocompromised ,Antifungal therapy ,Fluconazole ,Fungemia ,Pulmonary fungus ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Lumbar puncture ,business.industry ,Meningoencephalitis ,Cryptococcosis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Organ transplant ,Kidney Transplantation ,Dermatology ,Transplantation ,Infectious Diseases ,Cryptococcus neoformans ,Voriconazole ,business ,Immunosuppressive Agents - Abstract
Background Cryptococcus neoformans infection usually presents as chronic meningitis and is increasingly being recognized in immunocompromised patients. Presentation with pleural effusion is rare in cryptococcal disease; in fact, only 4 cases of pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in cryptococcosis have been reported in English-language literature to date. We report the first case of pleural effusion as the initial clinical presentation in a renal transplant recipient who was initially misdiagnosed with tuberculous pleuritis but who then developed fungaemia and disseminated cryptococcosis. The examination of this rare manifestation and the accompanying literature review will contribute to increased recognition of the disease and a reduction in misdiagnoses. Case presentation We describe a 63-year-old male renal transplant recipient on an immunosuppressive regimen who was admitted for left pleural effusion and fever. Cytological examinations and pleural fluid culture were nonspecific and negative. Thoracoscopy only found chronic, nonspecific inflammation with fibrosis in the pleura. After empirical anti-tuberculous therapy, the patient developed an elevated temperature, a severe headache and vomiting and fainted in the ward. Cryptococci were specifically found in the cerebrospinal fluid following lumbar puncture. Blood cultures were twice positive for C. neoformans one week later. He was transferred to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) immediately and was placed on non-invasive ventilation for respiratory failure for 2 days. He developed meningoencephalitis and fungaemia with C. neoformans during hospitalization. He was given amphotericin B liposome combined with 5-flucytosine and voriconazole for first 11 days, then amphotericin B liposome combined with 5-flucytosine sustained to 8 weeks, after that changed to fluconazole for maintenance. His condition improved after antifungal treatment, non-invasive ventilation and other support. Further pathological consultation and periodic acid-Schiff staining revealed Cryptococcus organisms in pleural sections, providing reliable evidence for cryptococcal pleuritis. Conclusion Pleural effusion is an unusual manifestation of cryptococcosis. Cryptococcal infection must be considered in the case of patients on immunosuppressives, especially solid-organ transplant recipients, who present with pleural effusion, even if pleural fluid culture is negative. Close communication between the pathologist and the clinician, multiple special biopsy section stains and careful review are important and may contribute to decreasing misdiagnosis.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. First identification of coexistence of blaNDM-1 and blaCMY-42 among Escherichia coli ST167 clinical isolates
- Author
-
Fangyou Yu, Dan Li, Danping Lou, Liangxing Wang, Xiaoying Huang, Xueqing Zhang, Yongpeng Shang, Yuping Li, Longhua Hu, and Yuanyuan Xu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Tigecycline ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Fosfomycin ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,beta-Lactamases ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Animals ,Humans ,Escherichia coli Infections ,Aged ,Sulfamethoxazole ,Escherichia coli Proteins ,biology.organism_classification ,Trimethoprim ,Enterobacteriaceae ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Amikacin ,Multilocus sequence typing ,Female ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Emergence of multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae limits the selection of antimicrobials for treatment of infectious diseases. Identification of NDM-1 makes more difficulty in treating multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates from a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, east China, were investigated for NDM-1 production. Results The two tested isolates were negative for modified Hodge test, but positive for a double-disc synergy test used for detecting metallo-β-lactamase production. E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 exhibited discrepant-level resistance to most clinically frequent used antimicrobials, but still susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, fosfomycin, tigecycline and polymyxin B. E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 were positive for blaNDM-1 determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. Other than blaNDM-1, E. coli WZ33 also harbored blaCTX-M-14 and blaCMY-42, while E. coli WZ51 simultaneously harbored blaSHV-12,blaCTX-M-14 and blaCMY-42. Carbapenem resistance for E. coli WZ51 and WZ33 could not be transferred to E. coli recipients through conjugation, but could be transferred to E. coli recipients by chemical transformation. The EcoR1-digested DNA pattern of plasmids from the transformant of E. coli WZ51 was different from that of E. coli WZ51. MLST showed that E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 belonged to an animal-associated clone (ST167). Conclusion The present study is the first report of blaNDM-1 carriage in E. coli ST167 isolates and coexistence of blaNDM-1 and blaCMY-42 in same isolate. Systemic surveillance should focus on the dissemination of blaNDM-1 among Enterobacteriaceae, especially E. coli ST167 clone associated with animal infection.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.