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Based on the influence of the non-linear change in the consolidation process of permeability coefficient and compressibility of soft soils and the theory of elliptic cylinders, derived the control equation of the nonlinear consolidation of the vertical foundation of the strip plastic drainage board. Further, according to the complete orthogonal space theory, the equivalent polynomial analytical expression of the nonlinear term is given. Then, the analytic solutions of the nonlinear consolidation are given, and through numerical calculation and verification analysis, it is considered that the Indrarantna (2005) approximation has a relatively small error at Cc/Ck (close to 1) and Nu (Cc/Ck (difference from 1) and Nu are large (>4), the error is large.

Herein, we developed a simple, sensitive and non-aggregation-based method for the selective colorimetric detection of chromium(VI) ions (Cr(VI)) in an aqueous solution. In the presence of hydrobromic acid (HBr), bovine serum albumin stable gold nanoparticles (BSA-Au NPs) were gradually dissolved by Cr(VI) in the etching process of gold. The leaching of the BSA-Au NPs results in a rapid and remarkable damping of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and hence induces a visible color change. This colorimetric strategy based on the etching process of gold provided a highly sensitive and selective detection method toward Cr(VI). Under optimal conditions, the amount-dependent colorimetric response was linearly correlated with Cr(VI) concentrations ranging from 0.15 μM to 50.0 μM, with a detection limit down to 120 nM measured as 3δ. Moreover, the developed cost-effective probe was successfully applied to real river samples, which demonstrated its potential for field applications.

A high damping Mg-Zn-Y alloy containing LPSO phase and I phase was investigated. The microstructure of a high damping Mg80Y4Zn16 (at%) alloy was examined by optical microscopy (OM) and SEM. Furthermore, the differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to analyze its phase transformation. Microstructure evolution and damping properties under the conditions of the different solid solution time (3, 6, 9 h) were studied. The results show that the main phase component of the Mg80Y4Zn16 alloy is α -Mg, Mg12ZnY (X phase), Mg3Zn6Y (I phase) and Mg10ZnY2 phase (LPSO phase), in which I phase and LPSO phase coexistence is firstly reported. The average damping value of the alloy is 0.03, indicating that it is a high damping alloy. The damping is strain amplitude dependent. The high damping mechanism was also discussed.

Supplemental Material and Methods. (DOCX 104Â kb)

Table S2. List of primer sequences used in this study. (DOCX 48Â kb)

Streptomycin-imprinted silica microspheres were prepared by combining a surface molecular-imprinting technique with the sol-gel method. A mixture of tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water (6:1:1, v/v/v) was selected as dispersing solvent while 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and triethoxyphenylsilane acted as functional monomers, and tetraethyl orthosilicate as a cross-linker. Characterization of the molecularly imprinted polymers was conducted using scanning electron microscope and dynamic binding experiments. As compared to the nonimprinted polymers, the imprinted polymers exhibited a higher degree of saturated adsorption volume up to 26.3 mg/g, and better selectivity even in an aqueous solution with interfering compounds, including dihydrostreptomycin, neomycin, and tetracycline. The adsorption ability and selectivity were observed to be influenced by the mole ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and triethoxyphenylsilane. Feasibility of the polymers to be used for actual application was also evaluated with spiked samples, indicating great potential for large-scale applications. Moreover, the streptomycin-imprinted polymers can be repeatedly used for 12 cycles without losing original performance, which is beneficial for commercial use.

Suspensions include solvent and uniformly dispersed particles. Solidification of suspensions is to freeze the solvent while numerous particles disturb the pattern formation during the growth of the solid/liquid interface. It is a new interdisciplinary subject, involving the fields of freeze-casting porous materials, frost heaving, sea ice and biological tissue engineering and so on. Especially in recent years, many advanced materials with excellent properties were developed based on the processing of suspension solidification. Experimental phenomenon in suspension solidification is different from that in alloy solidification, such as the close-packed particle layer and self assembly, the ice lamellae structure and the periodic ice lenses and so on. Up to now, the formation mechanisms of these microstructures are still unclear. In this paper, we first review the historical development of suspension solidification in theory and in experiment. Then we demonstrate some recent progress of microstructural evolution and dynamical particle packing of suspension solidification. Finally, the outlooks of the future study on solidification of suspensions are also presented.

This paper applies a phase field model for polycrystalline solidification in binary alloys to simulate the formation and growth of the columnar dendritic array under the isothermal and constant cooling conditions. The solidification process and microsegregation in the mushy zone are analysed in detail. It is shown that under the isothermal condition solidification will stop after the formation of the mushy zone, but dendritic coarsening will progress continuously, which results in the decrease of the total interface area. Under the constant cooling condition the mushy zone will solidify and coarsen simultaneously. For the constant cooling solidification, microsegregation predicted by a modified Brody-Flemings model is compared with the simulation results. It is found that the Fourier number which characterizes microsegregation is different for regions with different microstructures. Dendritic coarsening and the larger area of interface should account for the enhanced Fourier number in the region with well developed second dendritic arms.