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151. Polyconsommation : une pratique peu répandue en population générale

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Spilka, Stanislas, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Enquêtes et analyse statistiques (INPES), Institut national de prévention et d'éducation pour la santé, l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), François Beck, Philippe Guilbert, Arnaud Gautier, Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, François Beck, Philippe Guilbert, Arnaud Gautier, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
consommation, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, santé publique, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, drogues psychoactives, usage
Abstract

le terme "polyconsommation" recouvre des significations différentes suivant le domaine de recherche ou de pratique. Nous étudierons en premier lieu la polyconsommation régulière d'alcool, de tabac ou de cannabis, puis les liens entre niveau de consommation de cannabis et usage d'autres drogues illicites. Un regard sera porté sur les individus qui cumulent les usages d'au moins deux substances illicites au cours de leur vie.

Published
2007

152. Les niveaux d'usage des drogues en France en 2005

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Spilka, Stanislas, Briffault, Xavier, Gautier, Arnaud, Lamboy, Béatrice, Léon, Christophe, Wilkin, Jean-Louis, Enquêtes et analyse statistiques (INPES), Institut national de prévention et d'éducation pour la santé, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national de prévention et d'éducation pour la santé (INPES), Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
analyse de données, substances psychoactives, population adulte, consommation, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Addiction, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

La Lettre Tendances est accessible sur le site de l'OFDT : http://www.ofdt.fr/ofdtdev/live/publi/tend/tend48.html; Les données du Baromètre santé 2005 présentées dans ce numéro de Tendances permettent d'actualiser les niveaux d'usage des différentes substances licites et illicites ; l'examen par produit est l'occasion de documenter pour la première fois un certain nombre de questions inédites relatives à l'alcool et au cannabis.

Published
2006

153. L'enquête Escapad sur les consommations de drogues des jeunes français : un dispositif original de recueil de l'information sur un sujet sensible

Author

Beck, François, Costes, J.-M., Legleye, Stéphane, Spilka, Stanislas, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Pierre Lavallée et Louis-Paul Rivest, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, enquête, statistique, méthodologie
Published
2006

154. Téléphones portables exclusifs : résultats d'une méthode de génération partielle de numéros

Author

Gautier, A., Beck, François, Marder, S., Legleye, Stéphane, Riandey, Benoît, Gayet, A., Beltzer, N., Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health [Montréal], McGill University, Pierre Lavallée et Louis-Paul Rivest, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, addiction, jeune, usage
Published
2006

155. Drogues, en diaboliser certaines pour mieux en banaliser d'autres : un risque d'addiction dénié par les adolescents

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Peretti-Watel, Patrick, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), INSERM Research Unit 379 'Epidemiology and Social Sciences applied to medical innovation', Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Patrick Peretti-Watel, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, risque, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, addiction, usager, jeune
Published
2005

156. Mesure des usages et usage des mesures : Les niveaux de consommation des substances psychoactives en France

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Pierrat, Marie-Josephe

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, analyse quantitative, drogue, addiction
Published
2005

157. Sport et substances psychoactives : des relations complexes

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Peretti-Watel, Patrick, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), INSERM Research Unit 379 'Epidemiology and Social Sciences applied to medical innovation', Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pierre Angel, Denis richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pierre Angel, Denis richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, addiction, usager
Published
2005

158. Le repérage précoce des usages problématiques de drogues

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, drogue, addiction, usager, usage
Published
2005

159. Les usages des drogues en population adolescente

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Spilka, Stanislas, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, Pierre Angel, Denis Richard, Marc Valleur, Eric Chagnard, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, addiction, usager, jeune
Published
2005

160. Troubles dans les rapports sociaux, le cas de l 'anorexie et de la boulimie.

Author

SCODELLARO, Claire, PAN KÉ SHON, Jean-Louis, and LEGLEYE, Stéphane

Abstract

Copyright of Revue Française de Sociologie is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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166. Sport et usages de produits psychoactifs

Author

Beck, François, Legleye, Stéphane, Peretti-Watel, Patrick, Centre de Recherche Psychotropes, Santé Mentale, Société (CESAMES), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies (OFDT), OFDT, Claude Faugeron et Michel Kokoreff, Pierrat, Marie-Josephe, and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, produits psychoactifs, enquête, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, pratique sportive, milieu scolaire
Abstract

De nombreux travaux épidémiologiques ont mis en évidence des relations statistiques entre la pratique sportive et certains usages de substances psychoactives, mais sans proposer d'interprétation satisfaisante. Nous proposons de reprendre l'étude approfondie de ces relations statistiques à partir d'une enquête récente en milieu scolaire. Après avoir mis en évidence le lien entre sport et consommation de produits psychoactifs, nous prendrons en compte l'intensité de la pratique sportive puis la discipline choisie, avant de distinguer le cas particulier des produits dopants.

Published
2002

169. Improving Survey Participation

Author

Legleye, Stéphane, primary, Charrance, Géraldine, additional, Razafindratsima, Nicolas, additional, Bohet, Aline, additional, Bajos, Nathalie, additional, and Moreau, Caroline, additional

Published
2013
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170. What Is the Gain in a Probability-Based Online Panel of Providing Internet Access to Sampling Units Who Previously Had No Access?

Author

Revilla, Melanie, Cornilleau, Anne, Cousteaux, Anne-Sophie, Legleye, Stéphane, and de Pedraza, Pablo

Subjects
INTERNET access, DEMOGRAPHIC surveys, ACQUISITION of data, STREAMING media, SOCIAL sciences
Abstract

The Internet is considered an attractive option for survey data collection. However, some people do not have access to it. One way to address this coverage problem for general population surveys is to draw a probabilistic sample and provide Internet access to the selected units who do not have it and accept to participate. This is what the knowledge panel and the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social sciences (LISS) panel do. However, a selection effect is still possible. Units without previous Internet access might refuse to participate in a web panel, even if provided with the necessary equipment. Thus, efforts to provide the necessary equipment may not be worth it. This article investigates the gain in terms of representativeness of offering the equipment to non-Internet units in a web panel using tablets: the French Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences panel. We find that the number of non-Internet units who accept to participate is low. This is not only due to the fact that their response rates are lower but also to the small proportion of non-Internet units in the French population. In addition, they participate less in given surveys once they become panelists. At the same time, they are very different from the Internet units. Therefore, even if because of the small number of units, the overall gain in representativeness is small, there are a few important variables (e.g., education) on which their inclusion yields a more representative sample of the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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196. Educational inequalities in smoking over the life cycle: an analysis by cohort and gender

Author

Bricard, Damien, Jusot, Florence, Beck, François, Khlat, Myriam, and Legleye, Stéphane

Abstract

The study investigates the life cycle patterns of educational inequalities in smoking according to gender over three successive generations. Based on retrospective smoking histories collected by the nationwide French Health Barometer survey 2010, we explored educational inequalities in smoking at each age, using the relative index of inequality. Educational inequalities in smoking increase across cohorts for men and women, corresponding to a decline in smoking among the highly educated alongside progression among the lower educated. The analysis also shows a life cycle evolution: for all cohorts and for men and women, inequalities are considerable during adolescence, then start declining from 18 years until the age of peak prevalence (around 25), after which they remain stable throughout the life cycle, even tending to rise for the most recent cohort. This analysis contributes to the description of the “smoking epidemic” and highlights adolescence and late adulthood as life cycle stages with greater inequalities.

Published
2016
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197. Factors Influencing Report of Common Mental Health Problems Among Psychologically Distressed Adults.

Author

Khlat, Myriam, Legleye, Stéphane, and Sermet, Catherine

Subjects
*ANXIETY, *CONFIDENCE intervals, *MENTAL depression, *HEALTH promotion, *HEALTH surveys, *HELP-seeking behavior, *MENTAL illness, *QUALITY of life, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *SELF-evaluation, *SOCIAL stigma, *SURVEYS, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *SOCIOECONOMIC factors, *EDUCATIONAL attainment, *ODDS ratio
Abstract

This study investigates the sociodemographic factors associated with self-report of common mental problems by the psychologically distressed in order to gain insight into the profile of the population subgroups least likely to receive mental health support whenever needed. Data from the 2006-2008 french National Survey on Health, Health Care and Insurance, were used, measuring psychological distress based on the Mental Health Inventory MHI-5. The patterns associated with education, employment situation and living arrangement were investigated in a sample of 11,543 subjects aged 30-54 years. Men with lower educational level were found to be doubly disadvantaged, as they were more subjected to distress than those with higher educational level and at the same time less likely to report common mental problems whenever distressed. While in both genders subjects not living with a spouse and non-employed subjects were also more subjected to distress, they were more likely than the others to report common mental problems in presence of distress. The findings were discussed in terms of living conditions, stigma, mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviour. Mental health promotion programmes should aim at educating the public, and particularly men and the lower educated public, on the signs of distress and their significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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198. Cigarette smoking as a stigma: Evidence from France.

Author

Peretti-Watel, Patrick, Legleye, Stéphane, Guignard, Romain, and Beck, François

Subjects
*SMOKING, *SOCIAL stigma, *DRUG abuse laws, *DRUG abuse prevention, *TELEPHONE surveys, *SOCIAL attitudes
Abstract

Abstract: Background: There is growing evidence that cigarette smoking has become a stigmatized behaviour, at least in western countries, and there is ongoing debate among experts about whether or not such stigma should be an instrument of anti-tobacco policy. Methods: We investigated French non-smokers attitudes toward cigarette smokers, using data from a telephone survey carried out in 2010 among a representative random sample of non-smokers aged 15–75 (N =3091). We carried out a cluster analysis to build contrasted attitudinal profiles and we also computed a score of stigmatization. Results: We found evidence for the existence of stigma associated with cigarette smoking in France: a majority of French non-smokers would not date a smoker, nor hire one to take care of their children. The cluster analysis identified four contrasting profiles, corresponding to different levels of stigmatization, including one cluster whose respondents demonstrated strong levels of moral condemnation and social rejection of smokers. Older people, those with a lower educational level and those reporting financial difficulties were more prone to stigmatize smokers, while those who reported that somebody smoked in their home were less likely to do so. Those who had never smoked and those who abstained from alcohol were more prone to stigmatize smokers. Obese people were also more likely to do so (in bivariate analysis only). Conclusion: The process of tobacco stigmatization seems well-advanced in France, despite a cultural context that may be less permeable to this process. Further research is needed as our results raise some questions regarding its efficiency as a policy tool. First, people who are familiar with smokers are less prone to stigmatize them. More generally, simultaneously stigmatizing several categories of people may provide each of these same categories with stereotyped ‘others’ onto whom they can deflect their stigma. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2014
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199. Opposite social gradient for alcohol use and misuse among French adolescents.

Author

Legleye, Stéphane, Janssen, Eric, Spilka, Stanislas, Le Nézet, Olivier, Chau, Nearkasen, and Beck, François

Subjects
*ALCOHOL drinking, *ALCOHOLISM, *UNDERAGE drinking, *HEALTH outcome assessment, *REGRESSION analysis, *SOCIOECONOMIC factors, *DISEASE progression
Abstract

Abstract: Background: This study investigates the association of the family occupational category (F-OC) with adolescent alcohol use and its potential variation according to the frequency of use. Methods: A national survey representative of adolescents aged 17 living in continental France conducted in 2005 (n =29,393). Three outcomes were considered: overall use describes the drinking status (lifetime abstinence, use before the month prior the survey, use in the month prior the survey) without considering the frequency of use; last month use and binge drinking detail the frequency of use (1–5 uses, 6–9, 10–19 and 20+ uses) and of binge drinking (0, 1–2, 3–5, 6+ episodes of 5+ glasses in a single occasion) of the previous month users. F-OC was described in 7 categories based on the highest occupational category of the parents (from managers/professionals to unemployed). Analysis used generalised logistic regressions, controlling for gender, F-OC, parental separation, autonomy, other substance use, being out of school and sociability. Results: There was a double gradient: adolescents from high F-OC families were more often experimenters and drinkers during the previous month whereas those of low F-OC families were more often binge drinkers. Adolescents from farmers’ families were the most at risk for frequent use and binge drinking in the last month. Interactions tests show that the effect of F-OC was not significantly related to gender. Conclusions: Except for gender, adolescents’ patterns of use reflect those observed in the adult population. Mechanisms that favour and hinder progression in alcohol use should be studied in various socioeconomic groups. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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200. A validation of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) using a latent class analysis of the DSM-IV among adolescents.

Author

Legleye, Stéphane, Piontek, Daniela, Kraus, Ludwig, Morand, Elisabeth, and Falissard, Bruno

Subjects
*MARIJUANA abuse, *LATENT class analysis (Statistics), *PREDICTION (Psychology), *GENDER differences (Psychology), *PERFORMANCE evaluation, *EMPIRICAL research
Abstract

This paper explored the latent class structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) (assessed with the Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview). Secondly, the screening properties of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) in adolescents were assessed with classical test theory using the latent class structure as empirical gold standard. The sample comprised 3266 French cannabis users aged 17 to 19 from the general population. Three latent classes of cannabis users were identified reflecting a continuum of problem severity: non-symptomatic, moderate and severe. Gender-specific analyses showed the best model fit, although results were almost identical in the total sample. The latent classes were good predictors of daily cannabis use, number of joints per day and age of first experimentation. The CAST showed good screening properties for the moderate/ severe class (area under receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.85) and very good for the severe class (0.90). It was more sensitive for boys, more specific for girls. Although structural equivalence across gender was rejected, results suggest small gender differences in the latent structure of the DSM-IV. The performance of the CAST in screening for the latent class structure was good and superior to those obtained with the classical DSM-IV diagnoses. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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