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The vertical air pollutant concentrations and their relationships with synoptic- and local-scale air movement have been studied. This study measured the vertical profiles of PM2.5 and O3 using an unmanned aerial vehicle during summer in South Korea and analyzed the characteristics of the measured profiles. To understand the impact of synoptic air movements, we generated and categorized the 48 h air trajectories based on HYSPLIT, and we analyzed how the vertical profiles varied under different categories of long-range transport. We found that the vertical PM2.5 concentration has a positive gradient with altitude when more polluted air was transported from China or North Korea and has negative gradient when cleaner air was transported from the East Sea. Unlike PM2.5, the O3 concentration did not depend significantly on the long-range transport scenario because of the short photochemical lifetime of O3 during summer. For local-scale air movements, we found no significant impact of local wind on the measured profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although people analytics is a fast-emerging field with importance to HRD, HRD researchers still lack a comprehensive understanding of it. This study examines the current body of knowledge in people analytics through the lens of human resource (HR) development by performing an integrative literature review of 91 articles. This study identifies five categories of knowledge: (1) definitions and boundaries of terms, (2) building blocks of people analytics in organizations, (3) types of analytics, (4) ethical issues related to people analytics, and (5) applications of people analytics to the HRD field. This study makes theoretical and practical contributions to the field of HR development by exploring the current state of people analytics and people analytics' application to HR development practice. It also enhances scholars' understanding of people analytics within HR development boundaries and provides insights for future research. Finally, this study provides practical guidance for HR development practitioners seeking to leverage people analytics in their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug discovery and development to date has relied on animal models, which are useful but are often expensive, slow, and fail to mimic human physiology. The discovery of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of drug screening using human and disease-specific organ-like cultures in a dish. Although classical static culture systems are useful for initial screening and toxicity testing, they lack the organization of differentiated iPS cells into microphysiological, organ-like structures deemed necessary for high-content analysis of candidate drugs. One promising approach to produce these organ-like structures is the use of advanced microfluidic systems, which can simulate tissue structure and function at a micron level, and can provide high-throughput testing of different compounds for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Here, we provide a brief outline on the different approaches, which have been used to engineer in vitro tissue constructs of iPS cell-based myocardium and liver functions on chip. Combining these techniques with iPS cell biology has the potential of reducing the dependence on animal studies for drug toxicity and efficacy screening.