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In this study, we consider the nonclassical diffusion equations with time-dependent memory kernels \begin{equation*} u_{t} - \Delta u_t - \Delta u - \int_0^\infty k^{\prime}_{t}(s) \Delta u(t-s) ds + f( u) = g \end{equation*} on a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N,\, N\geq 3$ . Firstly, we study the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions and then, we investigate the existence of the time-dependent global attractors $\mathcal{A}=\{A_t\}_{t\in\mathbb{R}}$ in $H_0^1(\Omega)\times L^2_{\mu_t}(\mathbb{R}^+,H_0^1(\Omega))$ . Finally, we prove that the asymptotic dynamics of our problem, when $k_t$ approaches a multiple $m\delta_0$ of the Dirac mass at zero as $t\to \infty$ , is close to the one of its formal limit \begin{equation*}u_{t} - \Delta u_{t} - (1+m)\Delta u + f( u) = g. \end{equation*} The main novelty of our results is that no restriction on the upper growth of the nonlinearity is imposed and the memory kernel $k_t(\!\cdot\!)$ depends on time, which allows for instance to describe the dynamics of aging materials.

Improving the transfection efficiency of non-viral carriers by using cationic polymers is a useful approach to addressing several challenges in gene therapy, such as cellular uptake, endosomal escape, and toxicity. Among the various cationic polymers, polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have been widely utilized because of the abundance of terminal functional groups, thereby enabling further functionalization and enhancing DNA condensation and internalization into cells. The combination of various functional groups is required for these PAMAM dendrimer derivatives to function appropriately for gene delivery. Herein, we synthesized PAMAM G2-HRChol by conjugating dipeptide (histidine-arginine) and cholesterol at different ratios (6% or 23%) on the surface of PAMAM dendrimer generation 2 (PAMAM G2). Both PAMAM G2-HRChol 6% and PAMAM G2-HRChol 23% have buffering capacity, leading to improved endosomal escape after entering the cells. PAMAM G2-HRChol 6% and PAMAM G2-HRChol 23% dendrimers were condensed with pDNA to form nano-polyplexes at a weight ratio of 4 (polymer/pDNA). Polyplexes are positively charged, which facilitates cellular uptake. The transfection efficiency of PAMAM G2-HRChol 6% and PAMAM G2-HRChol 23% dendrimers was similar to that of PEI 25 kDa under optimum conditions, and the cytotoxicity was much lower than that of PEI 25 kDa in HeLa cells. In addition, after apoptin gene transfection was performed, cell death ratios of 34.47% and 22.47% were observed for PAMAM G2-HRChol 6% and PAMAM G2-HRChol 23%, respectively. The results show that a suitable amount of cholesterol can improve gene transfection efficiency, and the PAMAM G2-HRChol 6% dendrimer could be a potential gene carrier in HeLa cells.

Lam Dong province is home to a highly diverse reptilian fauna that is under increasing threat by ongoing habitat loss and modification. Since 2011, there have been seven new reptilian species discovered in Lam Dong province indicating that the knowledge of reptilian diversity in the area is still incomplete. In July and August 2020, we conducted two short field trips to survey reptiles in Da Huoai district, Di Linh plateau, Southern Lam Dong province. According to morphological comparisons, we firstly reported the list of 14 reptile species from this area including five lizard species and nine snake species. Two species Coelognathus flavolineatus and Pareas temporalis are reported from Lam Dong province for the first time. Among recorded reptile species, there are one endemic species to Vietnam (Pareas temporalis) and two vulnerable species (Physignathus cocincinus and Trimeresurus rubeus) according to the IUCN Red List (2022). Our new records bring the total number of reptilian species in Lam Dong province to 99 species with four turtle species, 57 snake species, and 38 lizard species. Due to the reptile faunal differences and the expansion of cash crops, the construction of roads, houses, and associated infrastructure, further surveys for the possible existence of other reptilian species in the Di Linh plateau are suggested.

Plant cell cultures provide an alternative means for producing secondary compounds in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Ehretia asperula Zollinger & Moritzi is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of liver detoxification, ulcers, tumors, inflammation and enhancing the body's resistance in Vietnam. The study was carried out to select suitable callus line for cell suspension cultures of E. asperula Zollinger & Moritzi and investigate the effects of inoculum size, rotation speed and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the proliferation of cell suspension cultures. In addition, the influence of light intensity on the growth and rosmarinic acid (RA) biosynthesis of cell suspension was also surveyed. After 4 weeks of culture, the white to pale yellow friable callus expanded significantly with a fresh weight (FW) of 0.788 g and a high RA content of 2.062 mg/g FW. An appropriate medium for cell proliferation was the liquid B5 medium, which contained 30 g/l glucose, 0.1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.4 mg/l NAA. The results also demonstrated that a 1:20 ratio (w/v) inoculum size, darkness and rotation speed of 90 rpm were the optimal conditions for the proliferation and RA accumulation to 188.217 mg/l in 4 weeks of culture. These findings showed that E. asperula Zollinger & Moritzi cell suspension cultures could be a potential alternative approach for RA production in vitro.

Purpose High-quality workforce is the most important source for competitive advantage, and thus all organizations attempt to attract and recruit young talents. This study aims to examine the relationships between corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate reputation and intention to apply for a job in young individuals. Design/methodology/approach For empirical analysis, this study uses data collected from final-year students and fresh graduates in a developing city. This study uses structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the research model. Findings CSR is found to be positively and directly associated with intention to apply for a job. CSR is also positively and indirectly associated with intention to apply through the mediation of corporate reputation. Practical implications This study underscores the importance of CSR practices in enhancing corporate reputation and attracting talented young candidates. Accordingly, organizations can gain their competitive edge in a highly competitive environment. Social implications This study suggests that organizations should be more concerned about CSR practices for the sake of corporate reputation as well as community development. Originality/value This study is among the early attempts to examine the direct and indirect relationships between CSR, corporate reputation and intention to apply for a job in a developing city. The findings add to the growing literature suggesting that CSR may help organizations achieve competitive advantage regarding the attraction of prospective young talents.

The energy transition is taking place in a diverse manner around the world, and the achievement of clean energy goals could follow very different pathways. However, two recent crises of Covid-19 and Ukraine hit all markets, especially the energy market, thus influencing strongly the energy transition in most countries including Southeast Asian countries. Southeast Asian countries are now playing a prominent role in the supply chain of clean energy sources, with good examples of different renewable energy growths in a very constrained environment of resources. One of these drivers is that the proper Feed-In Tariffs (FIT) mechanism has laid the foundation for the rapid development of renewable energy sources here and as a result, these countries are now standing on their own two feet. Vietnam is a prime example of such growth in solar PV deployment in recent years. Vietnam has become one of the leading countries in solar power in the world in recent years, especially after the Vietnamese government issued the appropriate FIT prices for grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) applications in 2019-2020. This has led to an explosion in the installed capacity of solar PV applications during the period of the issuance of these mechanisms in Vietnam. However, these FIT mechanisms seem to be still too simple, leading to the uneven development of these applications across the country. In some places such as Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan provinces, transmission lines have experienced congestion due to a large number of solar power plants installed here, especially in Ninh Thuan province. In addition, the massive deployment of solar power into the distribution grids has also taken place in many places in Vietnam without being strictly controlled by competent parties. Faced with instability due to the loss of control of solar power in both transmission and distribution networks, the Government of Vietnam has had to find a series of solutions, and one of them is energy storage. Large-scale pumped hydro storage technologies have been considered for high-voltage transmission networks, while small-scale electrochemical storage technologies have been selected for distribution networks. However, the operational risks in static and dynamic security when simultaneously integrating both renewable power and storage systems in the same network need to be thoroughly investigated, especially in large networks. In addition, the use of this hybrid duo in isolated distribution networks in Vietnam is still facing many challenges because it is still very new here and the issues of reliability and vulnerability of these networks are not given the expected attention. For these reasons, this study was conducted to examine the impacts of solar power on transmission and distribution networks in Vietnam and to investigate the potential for integrating energy storage systems into these networks to ensure safety and security during their operation. The findings from this study suggest that choosing the right structure of the power mix could contribute to improving the operational security of isolated distribution networks, while the integration of a large-scale PHS system into the high-voltage transmission network in Ninh Thuan could contribute to solving congestion and supporting grid services in the face of the high penetration of solar power here. Moreover, several solutions to enhance the reliability of these grids are also proposed. The NEPLAN environment was chosen to simulate all scenarios under the Vietnamese grid code.

This study contributes to anti-malarial research effort by conducting in silico assessment of 125 compounds originated from Cannabis sativa L. against plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidinesynthase (pfDHFR-TS) enzyme for potential inhibition activity. Drug-like and pharmacokinetic criteria were used to assess the drug-like properties of the studied compounds. AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina software were used to calculate the possible binding pose of the studied compounds to pfDHFR-TS enzyme. The docking procedure was validated using two known inhibitors cycloguanil and WR99210. 65 out of 125 compounds violated no more than 2 of Lipinski’s rule of five and were sorted out as favorable for drug development. Amongst these 65 compounds, pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity evaluation identified 60 compounds that meet the criteria of drug-like properties and were subjected to further docking studies. Docking outcomes identified 10 compounds including compounds 4, 9, 19, 22, 23, 25, 30, 42, 43, and 59 as potential candidates for inhibiting the function of pfDHFR-TS at the active site through hydrogen bonds with Ile14, Asp54, and Ile 164 residues. Compound 9 is considered as the top “hit” with docking energy far more exceeding those of the standard compounds. High correlation coefficient between the docking energy of AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina was recorded with the value of R 2 = 0.74.

Objective: To establish a novel multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detectionof foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Entamoebahistolytica, with high sensitivity, specificity, cost-effectiveness and time-saving.Method: Multiplex PCR, Semi-Nested PCR and melting analysis for specificallyamplifying and distinguishing three highly conserved target gene regions (invA,ipaH, 18S rRNA), in order to simultaneously detect Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.,Entamoeba histolytica in a single reaction tube. Specific pathogens are characterizedbased on the melting profiles of the PCR products collected on a realtime PCRinstrument following the second round of amplification.Results: The established multiplex PCR assay is capable of simultaneously detectingSalmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Entamoeba histolytica at a limit of detection of5.86 copies/µl, 24.4 copies/µl và 53.6 copies/µl, respectively (confidence interval of95%), the specificity reached 100% when evaluated with multiple microbial speciesprovided by the Department of Microbiology, 103 Military Hospital.Conclusion: The novel multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of Salmonellaspp., Shigella spp., Entamoeba histolytica has been successfully established.

Phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of Lycopodiella cernua resulted in the isolation and identification of three new compounds (1–3), namely lycocernuaside E (1), lycernuic ketone F (2)...

With the transition from face-to-face classes to online classes during Covid-19 epidemic, teachers in Quang Tri have no choice but to integrate ICT into their teaching. At this time ICT has become the most essential tool in educational settings and the subject of many researchers. This study aims to investigate how English teachers perceived ICT integration in terms of the benefits, difficulties as well as challenges of incorporating ICT. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection, i.e., questionnaires and interviews. The findings revealed that the majority of English teachers had a positive perception of integrating ICT due to its effectiveness. However, it was also reported that lack of technical support from schools, and limited knowledge and training in ICT discouraged teachers from using ICT. The study offers useful implications for teachers to integrate ICT in teaching English during the pandemic time. Article visualizations

Background: Seawater intrusion causes many unfavourable effects on crops, especially rice, which is very sensitive to salt. Salinity stress reduces the growth and development of rice, thereby reducing the yield. This is an important issue affecting the food security of many countries in the world. This study focused on using oligochitosans to increase salinity tolerance and improve rice growth at the seedling stage. Methods: Dry and rice-sprouted seeds were treated with oligochitosan solutions of different molecular weights and concentrations and incubated in NaCl solution at a concentration of 0.6%. The salinity tolerance of rice seedlings was assessed through in vitro indices in the plants’ shoot length, number of leaves, number of roots (apical and lateral roots) and root length, fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, proline, total sugar and total protein. Result: Oligochitosan 5994 Da at a concentration of 75 ppm improved the growth of rice seedlings under salinity conditions. Oligochitosan 11126 Da at the concentration of 100 ppm improved the growth of rice seedlings under salinity stress in the investigation of dry seed treatment. The salinity tolerance of rice seedlings was observed through the increase of photosynthetic pigments, proline, and total sugar concentration and morphology.

This study was conducted to evaluate some associated factors predicting the development of alcohol withdrawal delirium; 56 patients in E hospital were divided into two groups including group 1 of 28 patients diagnosing mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol, withdrawal state with delirium (F10.4) and group 2 of 28 patients diagnosing mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol, withdrawal state (F10.3) according to ICD-10 criteria; Method: cross-sectional study; Result showed that clinical features are sweating and seizure; laboratory tests are GGT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, platelet emerged as associated factors of alcohol withdrawal delirium. The level of direct bilirubin over 13 μmol/L is the strongest associated factor with OR(95%CI) 6(1.648-21.840). These risk factors about alcohol dependence featured can be easily evaluated in a clinical setting for physicians to identify patients at risk for developing alcohol withdrawal delirium to make intensive therapy plans for them. Keywords: Alcohol withdrawal delirium, risk factor, clinical feature, laboratory test.

This study was conducted to investigate the species composition of Chlorophyta and Charophyta in Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien Hue province. Here, we identified 45 species and subspecies, belonging to 17 genera, 7 families, and 4 orders. Charophyta was the most diverse phylum, with 75.56% total species. The dominant orders and families are Desmidiales and Desmidiaceae. The most diverse genus belongs to Cosmarium (15), Euastrum (5) and Scenedesmus (5). Micrasterias foliacea Bailey ex Ralfs and Cosmarium pardalis Cohn are tropical algae, while transitional species and temperate species are also present such as Cosmarium pachydermum Lund. var. indicum Iyenf. et Vim Bai and Euastrum jenneri W. Archer, respectively. The dominant group is described as Desmidiales with Chlorococcales (Ch. I) index ranging from 0.087 to 0.19 in Thuy dien Dam and Thuy dien bridge, while there are several species of Sphaeropleales with Ch. I index of 0.67 in Hoang Yen stream.

In this study, 12 varieties of statice (Limonium sinuatum L.) were collected from famous flower growing areas (Van Thanh, Thai Phien, Da Thien, Ha Dong and Trai Mat) in Lam Dong. Young foliage of flowering cultivars after 45 days of planting at the experimental site was collected for DNA extraction and genetic correlation analysis using RAPD with 13 random primers. Results showed that out of 145 RAPD bands, there were 133 polymorphic bands (91.72%) and 12 monomorphic bands (8.28%). Of which, the OPB-03 primer has the highest number of amplifiers, which is 17 bands (with 16 polymorphic bands); the genetic difference coefficients ranged from 0.30 to 0.90, mean 0.55. The results of the genetic sequence analysis using NTSYSpc 2.1 showed that 12 varieties of statice were divided into 4 groups: group I consisting of 3 varieties (rose pink, dark pink and pure magenta); Group II including 2 varieties (blue violet and new violet); Group III including 6 varieties (light pink, old violet, new white, old white, light yellow and light violet); Group IV consisting only 1 variety (cadimi yellow). This result is an important database in the conservation of statice genetic resources, as well as provides the necessary information to select mutant breeding of this species in the coming time.

This paper investigates the learning needs of students enrolled in an ESP course at the People’s Police University. A qualitative case study research design was employed through in-depth interviews with 20 undergraduate students. The findings show that the students perceived reading and writing as critical English skills needed for their future profession. The need to thoroughly understand the specialized subject matter in both English and Vietnamese was also reported. Also, the students wished to gain access to extra resources to assist their studying of ESP courses. The students experienced difficulties in mastering technical terms and specialization and comprehending online resources in English. Implications are made based on the findings. The study results would serve as a reference for language program managers, course designers, and English language instructors to enhance ESP courses’ quality in Vietnamese universities.

Public lighting is an essential service in today’s cities, towns, and highways, including improving public safety and reducing traffic accidents. Public lighting could consume up to 40% of the energy budget of the local governments. Therefore, the technical innovations related to public lighting always bring significant value to municipal governments. In Vietnam, the public lighting in big cities account for 25% of the total power consumption. The solutions to reducing electricity consumption for public lighting are also of interest to domestic and foreign organizations, including the use of on-site energy such as wind and solar energy. In this paper, on the basis of the current state of the public lighting system and the potential of solar energy in Hanoi, the authors have roughly calculated the technical and economic efficiency of power supply solutions using solar energy in public lighting. The proposal of solving the power supply problem, by using solar energy in public lighting in Hanoi is another result of the paper.

This research evaluates the impact of ICT on the technical efficiency of firms in 63 provinces and cities in Vietnam. We apply to use the DEA method in which we use the variable return to scale to evaluate because firm sizes in 63 provinces are different. At the same time, this method aims to minimize input factors without reducing output factors to measure technical efficiency. This result that is used a binary variable in the logit regression model to identify factors that have an impact on technical efficiency, especially the ICT factor. The research results show that only nearly 10% of the provinces could be technically efficient in business activities. Provinces with sustainable performance and efficiency all depend on influencing factors such as equity ratio, labor productivity, market size, investment, and especially the ICT factor keep increasing over the years and fluctuate around a pretty high level. On the other hand, for the group of unsustainable and ineffective provinces, these variables tend to decrease and fluctuate around at a low level. The research shows that factors in labor productivity, equity ratio, market size, investment, and ICT all have a positive impact on a firm’s performance in 63 provinces and cities of Vietnam. Therefore, firms that want to enhance their efficiency need to have strategies to improve the factors mentioned above. Moreover, the local government needs to improve the ICT index to help to increase their local Enterprises’ efficiency.

A series of schiartane C29 nortriterpenoids with 5/5/7/6/5 membered consecutive rings (1‒5) with an unique schinortriterpenoid skeleton including a new, kadcoccilactone V (1), together with four kn...

Aims: Evaluating the effectiveness of Azithromycin combined with Adapalene in treating moderate and severe Acne Vulgaris. Methodology: 38 patients diagnosed moderate and severe Acne vulgaris at Dermatology clinic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from May 2017 to March 2018, were examined and treated for 3 times at 4 weeks’ interval. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, comedones, inflamed lesions and total lesions decreased in 56.8%, 79.7% and 65.6%, respectively. Lesions decreased statistical significantly (p < 0.0001). Qualitative evaluation showed 89.6% good and average results and over 90% patients satisfied with treatment. 4 in 38 patients have some kinds of side effects such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomit and diarrhea. Conclusions: Azithromycin combines with Adapalene showed good results in treating moderate and severe Acne Vulgaris.

Phytochemical investigations of Blumea balsamifera branches and leaves led to the isolation of ten secondary metabolites, including three new compounds, namely, balsamiferine K (1) and balsamiferosides A (2) and B (3). Structural elucidation was confirmed by detailed analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HR-ESI-QTOF mass spectra. Among the isolated compounds, blumeaene J (4) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against LNCaP (IC50 = 44.53 ± 4.95 μM) and SK-Mel2 (IC50 = 46.49 ± 3.84 μM) cell lines and weak effects on HepG2 (IC50 = 61.54 ± 2.98 μM), KB (IC50 = 65.40 ± 4.97 μM), and MCF-7 (IC50 = 70.06 ± 5.65 μM) cell lines, whereas (―)-angelicoidenol 2-O-β- d -glucopyranoside (6) revealed weak activity on all five tested cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 61.60 ± 5.64–98.73 ± 2.24 μM.

Berberine has been known as a traditional component for treatment of intestinal-related diseases in Asian countries. Additionally, it possesses a variety of pharmacological properties, which were studied for treating tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemia trauma, and mental disease. Moreover, berberine has been known as an anti-osteoporotic agent by controlling both osteoclast (bone resorption cells) and osteoblast (bone-forming cells) functions. Beside the beneficial effects of berberine, it has some drawbacks that hindered its applications and resulted in low bioavailability. One of the most drawback characteristics of berberine is that it has poor watery solubility. To overcome these limits, nanotechnology has been used as the primary approach to deliver berberine in different nano-formulations. In this study, a novel berberine nanoparticle (nanoberberine, NBB) with good water dispersion was synthesized to enhance its bioavailability. The result showed that NBB was successfully developed in spherical shape and approximately 559 nm of mean size. Besides, in vitro release study revealed that berberine content release from NBB was 3 to 4 times higher than that from free berberine. Moreover, no cytotoxicity was observed for both NBB and berberine on osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells at the tested concentrations. Additionally, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, a marker for osteoblast differentiation process, was significantly higher in NBB compared to free berberine at the same test concentrations. This result indicated that NBB could be a potential biological agent for inducing bone formation. Overall, our data indicated that NBB could improve bioavailability, especially osteogenesis activity in vitro compared to free berberine.

We prove the existence of pullback attractors in various spaces for the following non-autonomous quasilinear degenerate parabolic equations involving weighted p-Laplacian operators on $\mathbb {R}^{N}$ $$ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\text{div}(\sigma(x)|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u)+\lambda|u|^{p-2}u+f(u)=g(x,t), $$ under a new condition concerning a variable non-negative diffusivity σ(x), an arbitrary polynomial growth order of the non-linearity f, and an exponential growth of the external force. To overcome the essential difficulty arising due to the unboundedness of the domain, the results are proved by combining the tail estimates method and the asymptotic a priori estimate method.

Pediatric dermatoses are common presentations in dermatology clinics. The pattern of pediatric dermatoses depends on ecological characteristics, sanitary conditions, social practices and genetics. The Dermatology Clinic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital receives a lot of pediatric patients every day. Therefore, we conducted this research with the aim of contributing to a general overview of pediatric dermatology of children visiting this clinic. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed of patients under 16 years old, at the Dermatology Clinic from January 1, 2019 to December 30, 2019. Results: There were 1184 visits of children under 16, accounting for 16.8% of general visits. The proportion of male and female was nearly equal and the most common age group was 1-6 (49.7%). June, July, October and November were the months with the highest number of pediatric patients. The three most common skin diseases were dermatitis (35.3%), fungal infections (11.7%) and impetigo (9.4%). Dermatitis was the most common skin disease in all age groups and seasons of the year. Conclusion: Pediatric dermatoses have a diverse pattern, in which the most common group of diseases is dermatitis.

Researching public opinion in ethnic minority areas of Vietnam in general and ethnic minority area of Northern Vietnam in particular to understand what people are desiring is essential. Ethnic minorities in Northern Vietnam are not only concerned with the urgent issues associated with their daily lives, but also diverse social issues in an age where communication is strongly developing. People always show dynamism and activeness in practices related to public opinion. And remarkably, in this picture, there is no clear slice between modern elements of the globalization context and traditional elements. Views that ethnic minorities are always passive need to be revised. It is necessary to create conditions for people to participate more effectively in the policy making process.