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544 results on '"Laud, Purushottam"'

155. Individualized Treatment Summaries and Survivorship Care Plans (SCPs) for Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Survivors Reduces Cancer Treatment Distress in a Randomized, Multicenter Study

Author

Majhail, Navneet S., Murphy, Elizabeth Anne, Laud, Purushottam, Preussler, Jaime, Denzen, Ellen, Adams, Alexia, Besser, RaeAnne, Burns, Linda J., Cerny, Jan, Drexler, Rebecca, Hahn, Theresa, Idossa, Lensa, Jahagirdar, Balkrishna, Kamani, Naynesh, Loren, Alison W., Mattila, Deborah, McGuirk, Joseph P., Moore, Heather, Reynolds, Jana, Saber, Wael, Salazar, Lizette, Schatz, Barry, Stiff, Patrick J., Wingard, John, Syrjala, Karen L., and Baker, K. Scott

Published
2017
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159. Simulation Studies Informed by RNA‐seq Data Suggest the Utility of a Multi‐network Bayesian Graphical Model Algorithm for the Study of Hypertension in the Dahl S Rat

Author

Dayton, Alex, primary, Stingo, Francesco, additional, Yang, Chun, additional, Liu, Pengyuan, additional, Zheleznova, Nadezhda, additional, Bukowy, John, additional, Ahn, Kwang‐Woo, additional, Laud, Purushottam, additional, Vannucci, Marina, additional, Liang, Mingyu, additional, and Cowley, Allen, additional

Published
2015
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162. A randomized study of the effect of five-year and lifetime hip fracture risk information on physician recommendations for management of low bone density

Author

Neuner, Joan M., Laud, Purushottam W., and Schapira, Marilyn M.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Risk, Health Planning Guidelines, Hip Fractures, Physicians, Family, Middle Aged, Article, Postmenopause, Bone Density, Physicians, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Aged
Abstract

Although risk prediction tools providing absolute fracture risk information are currently under development, little is known about US physicians' current thresholds for osteoporosis treatment or the potential effect of fracture risk information on treatment decisions. To investigate this, a random sample of US primary care physicians was surveyed. Treatment recommendations for 4 patient scenarios depicting postmenopausal women of varying ages, weights, and bone mineral density (BMD) were elicited. Physicians were randomly assigned to receive all scenarios with either a basic BMD report or an augmented BMD report containing 5-yr and lifetime absolute hip fracture risk estimates. Over 95% of physicians recommended prescription pharmacologic treatment of a 70-yr-old patient with osteoporosis. For 3 scenarios depicting women with T-scores of -1.01, treatment recommendations ranged from 30% to 44%. There were no statistically significant differences between physicians who received augmented and basic BMD reports, although those with augmented BMD reports were less likely to recommend prescription treatments. Physician specialty had inconsistent and small effects on recommendations. We conclude that nearly all of a random sample of US primary care physicians recommend pharmacologic treatment of osteoporosis, but a substantial minority also recommend treatment for patients who would not fit current guidelines. A BMD report including absolute hip fracture risk estimates did not change treatment recommendations.

Published
2007

167. Characterization of biological pathways associated with a 1.37 Mbp genomic region protective of hypertension in Dahl S rats

Author

Cowley, Allen W., primary, Moreno, Carol, additional, Jacob, Howard J., additional, Peterson, Christine B., additional, Stingo, Francesco C., additional, Ahn, Kwang Woo, additional, Liu, Pengyuan, additional, Vannucci, Marina, additional, Laud, Purushottam W., additional, Reddy, Prajwal, additional, Lazar, Jozef, additional, Evans, Louise, additional, Yang, Chun, additional, Kurth, Theresa, additional, and Liang, Mingyu, additional

Published
2014
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169. Genes revealed by Bayesian graphical model analysis in pathways mediating hypertension are differentially expressed in the renal medulla of Dahl salt‐sensitive rats (912.6)

Author

Evans, Louise, primary, Peterson, Christine, additional, Stingo, Francesco, additional, Woo Ahn, Kwang, additional, Liu, Pengyuan, additional, Vannucci, Marina, additional, Laud, Purushottam, additional, Yang, Chun, additional, Liang, Mingyu, additional, and Cowley, Allen, additional

Published
2014
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173. Increased Proliferative Cells in the Medullary Thick Ascending Limb of the Loop of Henle in the Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat

Author

Yang, Chun, primary, Stingo, Francesco C., additional, Ahn, Kwang Woo, additional, Liu, Pengyuan, additional, Vannucci, Marina, additional, Laud, Purushottam W., additional, Skelton, Meredith, additional, O’Connor, Paul, additional, Kurth, Terry, additional, Ryan, Robert P., additional, Moreno, Carol, additional, Tsaih, Shirng-Wern, additional, Patone, Giannino, additional, Hummel, Oliver, additional, Jacob, Howard J., additional, Liang, Mingyu, additional, and Cowley, Allen W., additional

Published
2013
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190. The Introduction of Generic Aromatase Inhibitors and Treatment Adherence Among Medicare D Enrollees.

Author

Neuner, Joan M., Kamaraju, Sailaja, Charlson, John A., Wozniak, Erica M., Smith, Elizabeth C., Biggers, Alana, Smallwood, Alicia J., Laud, Purushottam W., and Pezzin, Liliana E.

Subjects
AROMATASE inhibitors, ENZYME inhibitors, ORAL drug administration, DRUG administration, MEDICARE Part D, PHYSIOLOGY, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) substantially reduce breast cancer mortality in clinical trials, but high rates of nonadherence to these long-term oral therapies have reduced their impact outside of trials. We examined the association of generic AI availability with AI adherence among a large national breast cancer cohort. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental prepost design, we examined the effect of generic AI introductions (7/2010 and 4/2011) on adherence among a national cohort of women with incident breast cancer in 2006 and 2007 who were enrolled in the Medicare D pharmaceutical coverage program. Medicare D claims were used to calculate AI adherence, defined as a medication possession ratio of 80% or more of eligible days, over 36 months. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated with generalized estimating equations were applied to longitudinal adherence data to control for possible confounders, including receipt of a Medicare D low-income subsidy, and to account for repeated measures. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Sixteen thousand four hundred sixty-two Medicare D enrollees were eligible. Adherence declined throughout the study. However, among women without a subsidy, the median quarterly out-of-pocket cost of anastrozole fell from $183 in the fourth quarter of 2009 to $15 in 2011, and declines in adherence were attenuated with generic AI introductions. Regression-adjusted adherence probabilities were estimated to be 5.4% higher after generic anastrozole was introduced in 2010 and 11% higher after generic letrozole/exemestane was introduced in 2011. Subsidy recipients had higher adherence rates throughout the study. Conclusions: The introduction of generic medications attenuated the decline in adherence to AIs over three years of treatment among breast cancer survivors not receiving low-income subsidies for Medicare D coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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191. Translating a Fall Prevention Intervention Into Practice: A Randomized Community Trial.

Author

Guse, Clare E., Peterson, Donna J., Christiansen, Ann L., Mahoney, Jane, Laud, Purushottam, and Layde, Peter M.

Subjects
PREVENTION of falls in old age, PREVENTION of injuries in older people, COMMUNITY health services for older people, SERVICES for older people, FINANCE, ACCIDENTAL fall prevention, ACADEMIC medical centers, POISSON distribution, REGRESSION analysis, RESEARCH funding, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Objectives. We examined whether community translation of an effective evidence-based fall prevention program via standard monetary support can produce a community-wide reduction in fall injuries in older adults and evaluated whether an enhanced version with added technical support and capacity building amplified the fall reduction effect. Methods. We completed a randomized controlled community trial among adults aged 65 and older in (1) 10 control communities receiving no special resources or guidance on fall prevention, (2) 5 standard support communities receiving modest funding to implement Stepping On, and (3) 5 enhanced support communities receiving funding and technical support. The primary outcome was hospital inpatient and emergency department discharges for falls, examined with Poisson regression. Results. Compared with control communities, standard and enhanced support communities showed significantly higher community-wide reductions (9% and 8%, respectively) in fall injuries from baseline (2007-2008) to follow-up (2010-2011). No significant difference was found between enhanced and standard support communities. Conclusions. Population-based fall prevention interventions can be effective when implemented in community settings. More research is needed to identify the barriers and facilitators that influence the successful adoption and implementation of fall prevention interventions into broad community practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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192. A re-formulation of generalized linear mixed models to fit family data in genetic association studies.

Author

Tao Wang, Peng He, Kwang Woo Ahn, Xujing Wang, Ghosh, Soumitra, and Laud, Purushottam

Subjects
GENETIC correlations, HERITABILITY, BIODEGRADATION, GENETICS of diabetes, GENETICS
Abstract

The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) is a useful tool for modeling genetic correlation among family data in genetic association studies. However, when dealing with families of varied sizes and diverse genetic relatedness, the GLMM has a special correlation structure which often makes it difficult to be specified using standard statistical software. In this study, we propose a Cholesky decomposition based re-formulation of the GLMM so that the re-formulated GLMM can be specified conveniently via "proc nlmixed" and "proc glimmix" in SAS, or OpenBUGS via R package BRugs. Performances of these procedures in fitting the re-formulated GLMM are examined through simulation studies. We also apply this re-formulated GLMM to analyze a real data set from Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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193. Does Neighborhood Environment Differentiate Intimate Partner Femicides From Other Femicides?

Author

Beyer, Kirsten M. M., Layde, Peter M., Hamberger, L. Kevin, and Laud, Purushottam W.

Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence, AGE distribution, BIRTHPLACES, DATABASES, ECOLOGY, EMPLOYMENT, FISHER exact test, HOMICIDE, RESEARCH methodology, POPULATION geography, RACE, REPORT writing, RESEARCH funding, RESIDENTIAL patterns, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, EDUCATIONAL attainment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ODDS ratio
Published
2015
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194. Haemodynamics during dialysis and cognitive performance.

Author

Wolfgram, Dawn F., Sunio, Lily, Vogt, Elisabeth, Smith, Heather M., Visotcky, Alexis, Laud, Purushottam, and Whittle, Jeff

Subjects
HEMODYNAMICS, HEMODIALYSIS complications, COGNITION disorders, BLOOD pressure measurement, HYPOTENSION
Abstract

Background and Aims Persons receiving haemodialysis ( HD) are at increased risk of cognitive impairment ( CI). Since blood pressure ( BP) fluctuations during HD may affect cerebral perfusion - and subsequently cognitive function - we examined the relationship between dialytic BP fluctuation and cognitive outcomes. Methods We included HD patients without diagnosed dementia who were 50 years or older. Using established methods, we classified participants' in CI categories (none to mild and moderate to severe) based on results of a neurocognitive battery. We collected demographic and laboratory data from dialysis unit records, as well as all BP measurements from 12 dialysis sessions. We tested the association between CI and BP fluctuation, adjusting for demographic and laboratory variables. Results Our study enrolled 39 patients; 25 had moderate to severe CI. The normal to mild CI group and the moderate to severe patients had similar degrees of BP fluctuation (average minimum systolic BP ( SBP): 107.6 ± 18.7 vs 110.2 ± 18.6 mmHg, maximum drop in SBP: 32.6 ± 10.2 vs 35.4 ± 15.0 mmHg; proportion of sessions with SBP < 90 mmHg: 0.2 ± 0.3 vs 0.2 ± 0.3; average change in SBP, pre to post HD: 10.2 ± 12.4 vs 11.8 ± 16.4 mmHg, all P > 0.55). There was no association between BP variables and performance on individual cognitive tests. Multivariable analysis showed that older age and non-Caucasian race were associated with a reduction in cognitive scores. Conclusions There was no cross-sectional association between dialytic BP changes and cognitive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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