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Recently, the flexible pressure sensor has attracted significant attentions as its high performance and wide applications, including wearable electronics, environmental monitoring device, and human-machine interfaces device and robotics. In this paper, silver nanowires (AgNWs) as the electrode materials were synthesized by polyol process, and the laboratory-made silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as well as commercial carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were also chosen as the electrode materials in comparison. The flexible plastic, PI, PET, and PE films were chosen as the dielectric layer. The flexible pressure sensor was prepared with a simple, low-cost, and low energy-consuming method as sandwiching the dielectric layer between two opposing electrodes. The effects of the different electrode materials and the dielectric layer on the properties of the flexible pressure sensor were investigated. Results showed that the sensor with larger dielectric constant PI film and easy deformation AgNW/PDMS electrode had a greater sensitivity (1. 284 kPa−1), fast response time, and high stability. The applied testing showed that the prepared flexible pressure sensor could detect tiny pressure signals and has the potential to be used in the electronic skins filed.

Four-point bending tests including twelve specimens were carried out to investigate the flexural rigidity, failure mode and ultimate capacity of the steel-concrete composite beam with a composite floor slab comprising 30 mm thick precast prestressed concrete panels and T-shaped concrete ribs (PPCRP). The test parameters included support length of PPCRP, thickness of the composite floor slab, longitudinal compressive reinforcement ratio, degree of the shear connection and the direction of T-shaped concrete rib. Strain distribution along the depth of mid-span section was obtained by strain gauges. Based on the moment-deflection curves of specimens, it was showed that flexural behavior of precast composite floor slab was similar to that of concrete floor slab cast in-situ during the elastic stage. Two failure phenomena were observed: i) Interface bond slip between the precast panel and the cast in-situ layer; ii) Diagonal shear crushing in one shear span. Compared with the floor slab cast in-situ, a slight decline in the ultimate flexural capacity was observed for the composite beam with composite floor slab. Analyses about the effects of all parameters on composite beams’ rigidity and ductility were presented.

Little is known about the response of non-model invertebrates, such as oysters, to virus infection. The vertebrate innate immune system detects virus-derived nucleic acids to trigger the type I IFN pathway, leading to the transcription of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that exert antiviral functions. Invertebrates were thought to lack the IFN pathway based on the absence of IFN or ISGs encoded in model invertebrate genomes. However, the oyster genome encodes many ISGs, including the well-described antiviral protein viperin. In this study, we characterized oyster viperin and showed that it localizes to caveolin-1 and inhibits dengue virus replication in a heterologous model. In a second set of experiments, we have provided evidence that the haemolymph from poly(I : C)-injected oysters contains a heat-stable, protease-susceptible factor that induces haemocyte transcription of viperin mRNA in conjunction with upregulation of IFN regulatory factor. Collectively, these results support the concept that oysters have antiviral systems that are homologous to the vertebrate IFN pathway.

As a novel cross-subject, digital media art is the combination of technology and art. The program design course is an important part of computer teaching course system. Considering the characteristics of the major and knowledge of the students, The Basic Course of Animation Programming is chosen as an introductory programming course. This paper proposes the reform of practicing on the content of course and teaching method and it also explores the measures combining teaching and ability training so as to raise the students' interest in learning and improve their programming knowledge and methods of quick understanding and application.

Due to the ground effect, it is difficult for quadrotor to take off or land precisely. This paper presents a new ground effect model of quadrotor based on the Cheeseman's model for helicopter, and a ground effect compensator is introduced into the control system. Meanwhile by combining the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control method and the robust compensation technique, a robust altitude controller is designed to keep the height of quadrotor and land it at an accurate time. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our ground effect model and the control method.

We investigate the quantum motion of two ions stored in a Paul trap and interacting with a time-periodic laser field. In the pseudopotential approximation and large detuning condition, we find that the relative motion is independent of the laser field, but the exact centre-of-mass motion is closely related to the laser field. By adjusting the laser intensity and frequency, we can well control the quantum motion of the centre-of-mass. We illustrate some physical properties described by the centre-of-mass states, such as the squeezed coherent property, the widths and heights of the wavepackets of probability density, the classical-quantum correspondence, the resonance ladders of expectation energy and the transition probabilities between time-dependent quantum levels.

To investigate the geographical distribution and host selection of Leptotrombidium rubellum among different small mammal hosts in some areas of Yunnan province, China.Field survey was carried out in 23 counties of Yunnan province between 2001 and 2011. Small mammal hosts were captured with mouse cages and traps with baits. Chigger mites on the surface of two auricles were scraped off by a bistoury, and then preserved in 70% ethanol. Every specimen of the chigger mites on the slides was finally identified into species under a microscope. Some conventional statistical methods were adopted to calculate all the collected chigger mite species and the constituent ratios of L. rubellum in different areas and on different hosts, with prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA) on different hosts calculated. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship among P, MI and MA. Patch index (m*/m) was used to measure the spatial patterns of L. rubellum among different individuals of related small mammal hosts.A total of 108 480 chigger mites were collected from the body surface of all the captured small mammal hosts. All the collected chigger mites were identified as 3 subfamilies, 24 genera and 234 species. Of the 234 species of chigger mites, 654 individuals of L. rubellum were collected, only in 4 counties. The collected individuals of L. rubellum accounted for 0.603% of the total mites (108 480 individuals). 96.637% of L. rubellum came from flatland areas and habitats while only 3.363% of the L. rubellum were from the mountainous regions. The orderings of the hosts appeared as Rodentia and Insectivora harbored 96.296% and 2.469% respectively, of the collected while Lagomorpha and other orders there was no L. rubellum found. Of 67 species (in 34 genera and 12 families of 5 orders), Rattus tanezumi (in genus Rattus and family Muridae of Rodentia) harbored 96.788% of the collected L. rubellum with relatively low prevalence (P = 3.776%) or mean intensity (MI = 8.792 mites/per host), followed by Bandicota indica. Data from the patch index showed that L. rubellum had an aggregated distribution pattern among different individuals of their hosts.L. rubellum existed in Yunnan province with relatively rare numbers of the individuals. In Yunnan province, L. rubellum was mainly found in the flatland regions and habitats with relatively low altitude. L. rubellum could parasitize several different species of hosts with low host specificity, but it prefered to choose Rattus tanezumi and some other house-dwelling small mammals as its main hosts.

To look for the active fraction of ethanol extract of Genkwa Flos (EGF) induced hepatotoxicity and develop an UPLC fingerprint of the active fraction.Target fraction of EGF induced hepatotoxicity was guided by the serum biochemical and histopathology methods. The UPLC method was applied to establish the chromatographic fingerprint. The separation was achieved on a BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.7 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% phosphate acid running gradient elution. The detection was carried out at 210 nm and the analysis was finished within 10 min.The chloroform phase of EGF could be responsible for the hepatotoxicity of this herb. The common mode of the UPLC fingerprint was set up under the established condition. There were 17 common peaks in fourteen batches of herbs, eight of which were identified, and the similar degrees of the fourteen batches to the common mode were between 0.890-0.999.It is easy to locate the chloroform extraction of EGF with hepatotoxicity. And the UPLC fingerprint was developed for the above fraction, which could provide valuable references for safe and effective clinical use of EGF.

An HPLC method for the determination of 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma was established, which was used subsequently to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of both epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rats. alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid, beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, and a mixture of alpha-glycyrrhetinic and beta-glycyrrhetinic acids were administered to rats via gastric infusion. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals and extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. Separation was achieved by using a Kromasil C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase composed of acetonitrile--4 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate solution (46 : 54, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1), and the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the software DAS 2.0. In a combined administration, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid are significantly different from that of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (P0.05), while no significant difference was obtained when administrated individually. Compared to the single administration, significant differences (P0.05) on the values of AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid were observed when this chemical was administrated together with alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid. In contrast, the pharmacokinetic parameters of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid were not affected even under the co-administration. Here, a sensitive, specific, rapid and reproducible HPLC method was developed for the pharmacokinetic studies of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma.

We consider multiple base station (BS) cooperative transmission in downlink cellular networks to improve the spectral efficiency and the system capacity. Grouping BSs into clusters is a practical solution to realize BSs cooperation and reduce system complexity. However, it still suffers from inter-cluster interference, especially for the cluster-edge users. In this paper, clustering and scheduling are jointly considered to deal with the problem. The clusters are formed dynamically from users' point of view to minimize the inter-cluster interference, and are allowed to be overlapped. Accordingly, coordinated precoding scheme is designed to manage the intra-cluster interference. A greedy scheduling algorithm is proposed jointly with dynamic clustering. Simulations show that the proposed joint algorithm provides impressive average throughput gain over the non-joint ones, and the user fairness is improved significantly.

Coherent control of quantum tunneling is investigated for a single atom held in a driven triple-well potential without tight-binding approximation. In the high-frequency regime within or without multiphoton resonance, we find the analytical solutions and their numerical correspondences, including the special Floquet states of invariant populations and the non-Floquet states of slowly varying populations. The Floquet quasienergy spectrum exhibits anticrossings and crossings for different values of the driving parameters, which are associated with different tunneling properties described by the non-Floquet states. Applying the presented results, we suggest a scheme for transporting a single atom between nonadjacent wells or between adjacent wells.

We investigate the secular motion of a single Paul-trapped ion in the Lamb-Dicke regime, which interacts with a sequence of standing laser pulses. By using the ansatz method, we get an exact quantum solution of the system. Based on the wave-packet trains described by the exact solution, we find that: i) The center, height and width of the wave-packet trains depend on the strength of laser pulses, the deformation and spread of the wave-packet trains can be controlled by adjusting the strength of laser. ii) Energy expectation values of the ion show jumps at the instantaneous switching on of the laser pulses. In the time intervals when the laser pulses are switched off some narrow energy bands are generated. iii) When the strength of laser pulses reaches a critical value, the system changes its stability.