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FACT CHECK An early cold front hitting the nation this year and a resurgence of the economy caused global energy prices to skyrocket, as more energy is needed to produce, light and heat. Energy consumption is the major source of carbon dioxide emissions in China, so reducing energy consumption and increasing energy efficiency will help to greatly reduce emissions. As energy efficiency is still rising in the rich world, China must plug the gap by accelerating the optimization of its energy mix and tightening curbs on energy consumption and intensity. [Extracted from the article]

Hong Kong is a part of China and thus its affairs are China's internal affairs. With 102 evidences of U.S. interference from five aspects, Fact Sheet: U.S. Interference in Hong Kong Affairs and Support for Anti-China, Destabilizing Forces, released by China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs on September 24, is considered by experts to be a strong response to the U.S. bullying acts. However, burgeoning development in Hong Kong has discomforted some in the United States and UK, who had long expected to see Hong Kong slip into recession after its return to China in 1997. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports on significant economic developments that have occurred in China in 2007. The national economy grew as fast as before, but inflationary pressure has clouded the economy since mid-year. Four foreign bank branches were locally incorporated in the country with Shanghai as their base of operations. There also had been a decline in China's energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) in the first three quarters of 2007.

The article assesses the emergence of the city of Shanghai as China's international financial center. With the establishment of modern infrastructure, Shanghai has been compared with New York City as a favored city to set up international financial institutions. But in contrast to New York City, Shanghai must provide a stable financial environment, according to Wu Xiaoqiu, professor with the Financial and Securities Institute of Renmin University of China.

The article focuses on the efforts of about 100,000 retired service people and several civilian youths to transform Beidahuang, China, a once remote land, into a strategic base of the country's grain production. According to Xie Zhenhua of the Heilongjiang Land Reclamation and Cultivation Bureau (HLRCB), the Beidahuang reclamation project started in June 1947. It cites that the region's grain production capacity in 2006 reached 11.32 billion kilogram (kg).

The article discusses the requirements for establishing national and city commercial banks in rural areas in China. The lowest registered capital for establishing a national commercial bank is 1 billion yuan while that for a city commercial bank is 100 million yuan, according to China's Law on Commercial Banks. Implementation rules on village and township banks being drawn by the China Banking Regulatory Commission are tackled. The major objective of the rules is also cited.

The article discusses the trends in Chinese household consumption. Based on a survey conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics among urban households in 2006, the average per-capita consumption expense increased by 8.9% in a year-to-year basis. Food consumption increased by 5%, household utility service by 11.9%, transportation by 17.9%, communications by 9.6% and education and leisure by 10.8%.

NATION The national security law for Hong Kong unanimously passed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, has attracted widespread attention. The HKSAR Government has been unable to enact laws on its own to safeguard national security in accordance with Article 23 of the Basic Law of HKSAR because of obstruction by the opposition. The drafting of the law is based on extensive research, including suggestions put forward by Carrie Lam, Chief Executive of HKSAR, and other major officials from the HKSAR Government. [Extracted from the article]

"One country, two systems" is the basic principle for governing Hong Kong SAR established in accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the PRC, which says, "The state may establish SARs when necessary." The U.S. Government and senior Congress officials appeared from behind the scene on front stage to put pressure on the Central Government and the Hong Kong SAR Government and support the protesters. Foundations for prosperity Since Hong Kong's return in 1997, the policies of "one country, two systems" and the "people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong" have been thoroughly implemented. [Extracted from the article]

COVER STORY 'People", "economy", "public health system" and "national defense and the I military" - these were the key topics emphasized by President Xi Jinping, also General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, during this year's Two Sessions - the annual sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC), the top legislature, and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the top political advisory body. Despite rising instability and uncertainties in the world, Xi pointed out that China's economy is still characterized by ample potential, strong resilience, ample maneuvering room and sufficient policy instruments. Public health Xi stressed fortifying the public health protection network at a panel discussion with lawmakers from Hubei on May 25. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the problems faced by China's agricultural sector. Prices of locally grown soybean and cotton continue to drop due to imported agricultural products. Imported soybeans are usually 5-10% lower than the local ones. For cotton, imported ones are usually 2,000 yuans lower per ton than those that are locally grown. Such lower cost has been attributed to the production scale, industrialization degree, and government subsidies of the countries where the products came from.

The article provides information on the development plan of China for the next five years, which was approved by the National People's Congress. The top legislature proposes 7.5 percent annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth on average and expects it to reach 26.1 trillion by 2010. In five years, the overall living standard will be beneficial to all. There will be a lower energy consumption per unit of GDP.

Information about the recent proposal to build a new socialist countryside at the Fourth Session of the 10th National People's Congress in China is presented. The agricultural sector is poised to receive a major boost aimed at accelerating the development of modern agriculture. It is noted that building a new countryside is the best way to solve problems plaguing agriculture.

The article report on the economic development in China. Based on the research conducted by the Academy of Macroeconomic Research under the National Development and Reform Commission, the national economy continued to make strides in the planned direction as a result of prudent fiscal and monetary policies. While the economy maintained fast growth, there is no inflation and deflation prevailed. Gross domestic product growth rate for the whole year of 2005 is projected at 9.2 percent.

The article focuses on the ongoing development in China's agricultural sector. China's agricultural sector does produce a miracle each day, feeding 1.3 billion people and providing a strong backup to China's fast economic development. To date, about 70 percent of China's population still survives on the traditional sector, and nearly 50 percent of social laborers get job opportunities from agriculture. A report by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences also points put that the development of China's agriculture is backward compared with developed countries, in terms of speed, scale and economic returns.

Features Wal-Mart Stores Inc. in a non-downtown area of Beijing in China. Lack of parking space for customers; Discussion of its strategy in procuring products; Expansion problems of Wal-Mart stores.

Explores the results of the plan to reform state-owned enterprises in the Northeastern provinces. Conditions of most state-owned enterprises in the provinces; Preferential policies granted by the central government to the northeastern provinces to promote development; Funds used to reform state-owned enterprises; Role of state-owned sectors in sustaining the economy of the northeastern provinces; Successful experience of the pilot enterprises; Challenges surrounding the program.

Focuses on the launch of national environmental campaigns to address the prevalence of industrial pollution caused by small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in China. Closure of pollution-causing SME such as paper mills and chemical factories; Difficulties of implementing environmental campaigns in the sector; Suggestion for establishing mechanism to finance SME's pollution control. INSETS: Explicity Banned Heavy Polluters.;Five Types of 'Mini' Heavy Polluters..

Reports on the efforts of the Chinese government in enforcing anti-drug campaign in the country. Introduction of an anti-drug publicity drive; Type of drugs used in the locality; Increase of registered drug addicts in China as of 2003 according to the National Narcotics Control Commission. INSETS: Local Features of Drug Use.;Hazardous Effects of Drugs..

Reports on the construction of a nuclear power plant in China in 2010. Installation capacity of the power plant; Collaboration between China Huaneng Group, China Nuclear Engineering and Construction Corp. and Tsinghua University in building the project; Ease the electricity in China.

Details the reform of the China's public service sector. Aim of the reform; Overall reform of public service units (PSUs); Categories of PSUs in terms of their duties; Issues that need to be resolved to deepen the reform of public service sectors; Views of PSU workers regarding the reform.

Examines the real estate industry in China. Real estate developments; Operation of foreign constructing companies in the country; Housing reform.

Focuses on the issues regarding the government's arbitrary occupation of farm land in China. Creation of development zones during the early 1990's; Implementation of land use regulation at the county and town level; Impact of land policy adjustment on the realty sector and farmers.

Focuses on the forestry management methods for environmental protection in China. Coverage rate of the forest; Investment of the country through forestry trading; Rate of lumber production.

Focuses on the circular issued by the State Council on the promotion of sound and sustained development of the real estate market in China. Advantage of boosting real estate on consumption, domestic demand, investment and economic development; Adjustment of the market order by cracking down illegal trade of land, collusion between public officials and developers and land speculation; Percentage of gross domestic product accounted to real estate investments.

Reports on how the northeast region in China, particularly the provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang, will catch up with the thriving market economy in the southern and eastern coasts of the country. Region's former industrial power that has been modeled after the Soviet Union's planned economy; Presentation of a northeastern revitalization plan and policy package at the annual conference of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in October 2003.

Reports the expansion of the space technology of China. Development of the China-Brazil Earth Resource Satellite; List of partners in space technology; Number of satellites launched.

The September elections also showcased the broad representation of the committee, epitomizing the impartiality and openness of the HKSAR electoral system. FACT CHECK The 2021 Election Committee's subsector ordinary elections in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) took place on September 19. The principle of patriots administering Hong Kong is the precondition for stability and prosperity in Hong Kong, in turn the prevailing highlight of the new electoral system. [Extracted from the article]

However, given that a slowdown in economic growth has already become inevitable, the aforementioned income disparity will pose a bigger challenge to the quest for common prosperity. At the 10th meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs on August 17, President Xi Jinping, also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, called for the promotion of common prosperity after China has built a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Although the Central Government has worked out some policies to optimize income distribution and ease distribution inequality, unfortunately the income gap broadens along with the booming economy. [Extracted from the article]

On July 9, the Chinese Government released a document on accelerating the growth of new business forms and models in foreign trade. The new business forms and models are a new way to conduct foreign trade, empowered by new technologies and tools, such as digital technology, cross-border e-commerce and big data. This latest document is seen as a top-level arrangement to accelerate the development of China's new business forms and models in foreign trade, yet their ultimate success relies on various efforts. [Extracted from the article]

Restrictive measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have triggered concerns among financiers with investment environments across various economies. It's a proof of foreign investors' confidence in China's business environment and its overall economy, which they believe will bring them satisfying return of investment. Foreign-invested enterprises might feel business operations are not entirely effortless in China due to COVID-19-induced lockdowns and restrictions, and thus may begin to worry about the deterioration of China's investment environment. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports on the increase in China's investments abroad in 2014. Topics discussed include the increase in China's outbound foreign direct investment into non-financial sectors, the growth of foreign direct investment in China, and the country's decision to shift its focus from less developed regions to relatively developed countries.

The upcoming consumer expo in Haikou will center on the exhibition of consumer products, another move by China aimed at advancing toward this goal. The event joins China Import and Export Fair (Canton Fair) and China International Import Expo, as one of China's leading international commercial and trade events. The number of China's middle-income earners has already reached 400 million, and given its overall population of 1.4 billion, China is now the most promising consumer market in the world. [Extracted from the article]

The massive global roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines promises to effectively rein in the pandemic around the world. With the exception of China, 2020 saw all of the world's major economies undergo negative growth and, as a result, all of them are formulating or implementing monetary stimulus measures to reboot their pandemic-ravaged economies. Given that for quite a while these countries' economic growth will remain sluggish, it's likely that they will practice a loose monetary policy for some time, which is a probable trigger for inflation. [Extracted from the article]

The U.S. sanctions imposed on China's hi-tech companies in particular proved a dominant factor in the disruption of China's industrial chain, in turn hindering the formation of the dual circulation paradigm. Under China's new development paradigm, the country's vast market is open to the rest of the world and expected to interact with the global market in a positive way. The outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) and the long-range objectives through the year 2035 approved in this year's National People's Congress session further highlights the new development strategy of dual circulation, in which the domestic and overseas markets reinforce one another, and the domestic market serves as its backbone. [Extracted from the article]

The matter of Taiwan's DPP authority casting doubt on mainland-produced vaccines directly undermines the public's right to health and life security. The 117,000 doses of British AstraZeneca vaccine shots that arrived in Taiwan on March 3 made up the first batch of vaccines the island had received at that point. After a coronavirus vaccine was worked out, China is offering the vaccine as a global public good and exporting vaccines to countries that need them the most. [Extracted from the article]

Statistics from China's central bank, the People's Bank of China (PBC), reveal China's strong position as a global leader in green finance. According to the PBC data, by the end of 2020, China was number one globally in terms of green loans and second in terms of green bonds. Nevertheless, this shortfall in China's domestic green finance offers huge opportunities for international capital to play a bigger role in China's green finance initiatives. [Extracted from the article]

China's foreign exchange market managed to run smoothly in 2020, despite the disruptions caused by the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and international complexities, maintaining an equilibrium of the balance of payments. However, in 2020, the yuan exchange rate followed its own pace, inching up at the beginning of the year, then depreciating due to the COVID-19 outbreak, and appreciating again when the epidemic was controlled. As SAFE spokesperson Wang Chunying said, China's cross-border capital flows and foreign exchange market weathered severe tests in 2020, and showed stronger resilience and maturity on the whole. [Extracted from the article]

China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) declared the Rules on Counteracting Unjustified Extra-Territorial Application of Foreign Legislation and Other Measures on January 9, taking effect on the very day of promulgation. Through the issuance of these rules, the Chinese Government is responding to the reckless long-arm jurisdiction as practiced by certain countries. This, however, does not mean that China will tolerate other countries using their domestic laws to interfere in and restrict normal trade and investment by Chinese businesses. [Extracted from the article]

China 's National Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Commerce have jointly issued new measures for security review of foreign investment. Manufacturing, energy resources, infrastruc-ture, agriculture and finance are the areas open widest to foreign investment, and the areas that have drawn the main focus of foreign investment. Despite a heavy blow dealt to transnational investment by the novel coronavirus pandemic in 2020, paid-in foreign investment in China has risen steadily, making China one of the few major economies to witness an increase in foreign investment. [Extracted from the article]

After all, applying their own country's poverty alleviation experiences to the Chinese situation could easily lead them to think China is unable to lift its weak, elderly and disabled citizens out of poverty, just as their own countries have been. For this reason and for the sake of global poverty reduction, the international community should see China's successful poverty reduction for what it is, rather than being misled by politically motivated defamation. [Extracted from the article]

The 2020 World Internet Conference (WIC) was held on November 23-24 in the water town Wuzhen in Zhejiang Province, east China. Guided by these principles, the international community should work to promote openness and cooperation in cyberspace, and strive to achieve complementarity of strengths and common development for all countries in cyberspace. The biggest stumbling blocks in international cyberspace cooperation are unbalanced development, inadequate legislation and the inequitable order in cyberspace. [Extracted from the article]

China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) issued $6 billion worth of sovereign bonds into Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on October 14, with subscriptions by international investors reaching 4.7 times the volume issued by the time the dollar-denominated bonds were released at a premium. The subscriptions for Chinese sovereign bonds exceeding the issue by 4.7 times in Hong Kong last month is a prime example of international capital's demands for China's treasury bonds now outstripping supply. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores China's efforts to move away from a highly polluting and energy-depleting model to a circular economy. The 12th Five-Year Plan for Circular Economy will become the first national plan for bolstering the circular economy. As of July 2012, the output value of the country's circular economy has exceeded 1 trillion yuan, providing more than 20 million jobs. Meanwhile, factors such as small economic scale, low technological level and severe pollution are considered as obstacles.

The article discusses the issues on whether China will continue to maintain sustainable development despite its economic success. A report on China Economy and Finance Outlook stressed out the top four risks to the country's economy, including the real estate bubble. The International Monetary Fund expresses positivity on China's economic outlook. It was mentioned that the so-called position for foreign exchange purchase is usually utilized as a measure of capital inflows to the country.

The article focuses on the revitalization of the old industry in Northeast China. It states that the government has launched a revitalization plan in 2003 for the three provinces in the region , the Heilongjiang, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang. It says that the industrial transformation mainly focused on the economic development of the region. Moreover, it tells how the revitalization strategy addressed the gap between the northeast and eastern coastal regions.

In this article, the author focuses on the social security program of the Chinese government for the unemployed urban residents in China. The Chinese State Council implemented the pilot pension program on June 13, 2011 which aims to provide pension insurance for said residents. The Chinese Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) estimates that the program will cover at least 50 million people including around 20 million residents who are over 60 years old. A similar pension program for rural residents was launched in 2009.