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Let $M$ be an arbitrary matroid with circuits $\mathcal{C}(M)$. We propose a definition of a derived matroid $\delta M$ that has as its ground set $\mathcal{C}(M)$. Unlike previous attempts of such a definition, our definition applies to arbitrary matroids, and is completely combinatorial. We prove that the rank of $\delta M$ is bounded from above by $|M|-r(M)$, that it is connected if and only if $M$ is connected. We compute examples including the derived matroids of uniform matroids, the V\'amos matroid and the graphical matroid $M(K_4)$. We formulate conjectures relating our construction to previous definitions of derived matroids., Comment: Errors in Section 6 of a previous version corrected

Current geoeconomic and geopolitical transformations project on Russian society and its spatial organisation, highlighting the problems of spatial socioeconomic development and its governmental regulation. This article examines the theoretical and applied aspects of the incorporation into the national regional policy of the sea factor, understood as a combination of location and resources, which is determined by a country’s jurisdiction over coasts and waters, its maritime activities and coastalisation potential, including the economic, settlement-­related and psychological elements of the latter. The article describes the key influences of the sea factor on the spatial development of post-­Soviet Russia. The steadily growing impact of maritime activities on the spatial-­economic and settlement dynamics has been given a new impetus by the rising geostrategic, resource and transport-­logistic significance of the World Ocean, as well as its water and water-land substructures, amid increasing military-­strategic confrontation and geoeconomic regionalisation. The article presents a retrospective analysis of the role of the sea factor in Russia’s regional policy and identifies its stages. The authors emphasise the need for a synergy between maritime and spatial policies and proposes ways of achieving it.

Сe dictionnaire de la langue gouro, langue appartenant au groupe Mande-Sud de la famille Mandé (macrofamille Niger-Congo) et parlée en Côte d'Ivoire, comprend environ 2 400 entrées. Les données appartiennent surtout à la variante gouro parlée dans la zone de Zuénoula, mais les données provenant d’autres dialectes sont occasionnellement incluses. Celles des ouvrages de Jean-Paul Benoist (1977), Joseph Le Saout (1979) et Henri-Claude Grégoire (1975) sont prises en compte, mais notre base des données lexicales a été considérablement élargie et affinée au cours du travail de terrain, mené sur une période entre 2005 et 2019 à Abidjan et dans les zones traditionnellement peuplés par des Gouros. Nous avons procédé par l’élicitation, par l’analyse des enregistrements audio de textes spontanés de différents genres ; une attention particulière a été portée aux termes de la flore et la faune. Le dictionnaire fournit une quantité importante de nouvelles informations sur les croyances et pratiques traditionnelles des Gouros, ainsi que sur leur vie quotidienne moderne. Une clarification significative de la phonologie a également été effectuée, et des informations détaillées sur la morphologie des différentes parties du discours ont été ajoutées. Le dictionnaire s’adresse en premier lieu au peuple gouro et a pour but de promouvoir l’alphabétisation et la scolarisation en langue gouro. Il peut également servir aux linguistes et à tous ceux qui s'intéressent à la langue gouro. This dictionary includes approximately 2,400 entries and contains lexical data on the Guro language, which belongs to the Southern Mande group of the Niger-Congo language family (Côte d'Ivoire). It primarily represents language varieties of the Zuénoula dialectal area, but in some cases comparative information on other dialects is also provided. A lexical database originating from the works of Jean-Paul Benoist (1977), Joseph Le Saout (1979), and Henri-Claude Grégoire (1975) was significantly expanded uppon and refined during the authors’ fieldwork, conducted from 2005 to 2019 both in Abidjan and in areas where Guro is traditionally spoken. This included elicitation, audiorecording and analysis of spontaneous texts of different genres, and the clarification of data pertaining to flora and fauna. As a result, the dictionary provides a significant amount of new information about traditional Guro beliefs and practices, as well as about their modern daily life. A significant amount of clarification related to phonological information was included, and extensive information about the morphology of various parts of speech was added. The dictionary was created primarily to assist the native speakers of Guro in promoting literacy in their language. It is also intended for linguists and anyone interested in the Guro language. Словарь, включающий в себя около 2400 статей, содержит лексические данные по языку гуро, относящемуся к южной группе семьи манде нигеро-конголезской макросемьи (Кот д’Ивуар). В основу взяты говоры диалектной зоны Зуенуля, но в некоторых случаях приводится сопоставительная информация и по другим диалектам. Лексическая база данных, исходно опирающаяся на труды Жан-Поля Бенуаста (1977), Жозефа Лё Саута (1979) и Анри-Клода Грегуара (1975), была значительно расширена и уточнена в ходе полевой работы авторов в период с 2005 по 2019 г. в Абиджане и в местах традиционного расселения гуро. Работа включала в себя сбор данных методом анкетирования, запись и анализ спонтанных текстов разных жанров, уточнение сведений о флоре и фауне. В словаре представлено значительное количество новой информации о традиционных верованиях и занятиях гуро, их современной повседневной жизни. Было также проведено существенное уточнение фонологического облика лексем и добавлены обширные сведения о морфологии различных частей речи. Словарь создан прежде всего в помощь носителям языка гуро для развития письменности на их языке. Он также предназначен для лингвистов и всех интересующихся языком гуро.