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16,354 results on '"Kim, N."'

151. Improved search for two-neutrino double electron capture on $^{124}$Xe and $^{126}$Xe using particle identification in XMASS-I

Author

XMASS Collaboration, Abe, K., Hiraide, K., Ichimura, K., Kishimoto, Y., Kobayashi, K., Kobayashi, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Norita, T., Ogawa, H., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Takachio, O., Takeda, A., Tasaka, S., Yamashita, M., Yang, B. S., Kim, N. Y., Kim, Y. D., Itow, Y., Kanzawa, K., Kegasa, R., Masuda, K., Takiya, H., Fushimi, K., Kanzaki, G., Martens, K., Suzuki, Y., Xu, B. D., Fujita, R., Hosokawa, K., Miuchi, K., Oka, N., Takeuchi, Y., Kim, Y. H., Lee, K. B., Lee, M. K., Fukuda, Y., Miyasaka, M., Nishijima, K., and Nakamura, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We conducted an improved search for the simultaneous capture of two $K$-shell electrons on the $^{124}$Xe and $^{126}$Xe nuclei with emission of two neutrinos using 800.0 days of data from the XMASS-I detector. A novel method to discriminate $\gamma$-ray/$X$-ray or double electron capture signals from $\beta$-ray background using scintillation time profiles was developed for this search. No significant signal was found when fitting the observed energy spectra with the expected signal and background. Therefore, we set the most stringent lower limits on the half-lives at $2.1 \times 10^{22}$ and $1.9 \times 10^{22}$ years for $^{124}$Xe and $^{126}$Xe, respectively, with 90% confidence level. These limits improve upon previously reported values by a factor of 4.5., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PTEP

Published
2018
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155. Muon detector for the COSINE-100 experiment

Author

Collaboration, COSINE-100, Prihtiadi, H., Adhikari, G., Adhikari, P., de Souza, E. Barbosa, Carlin, N., Choi, S., Choi, W. Q., Djamal, M., Ezeribe, A. C., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hubbard, A. J. F., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. W., Kim, N. Y., Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Leonard, D. S., Lim, K. E., Lynch, W. A., Maruyama, R. H., Mouton, F., Olsen, S. L., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. S., Park, K. S., Pettus, W., Pierpoint, Z. P., Ra, S., Rogers, F. R., Rott, C., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yong, S. H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The COSINE-100 dark matter search experiment has started taking physics data with the goal of performing an independent measurement of the annual modulation signal observed by DAMA/LIBRA. A muon detector was constructed by using plastic scintillator panels in the outermost layer of the shield surrounding the COSINE-100 detector. It is used to detect cosmic ray muons in order to understand the impact of the muon annual modulation on dark matter analysis. Assembly and initial performance test of each module have been performed at a ground laboratory. The installation of the detector in Yangyang Underground Laboratory (Y2L) was completed in the summer of 2016. Using three months of data, the muon underground flux was measured to be 328 $\pm$ 1(stat.)$\pm$ 10(syst.) muons/m$^2$/day. In this report, the assembly of the muon detector and the results from the analysis are presented., Comment: 11 pages, 19 figures

Published
2017
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156. Genomic Drivers of Poor Prognosis and Enzalutamide Resistance in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Author

Chen, William S, Aggarwal, Rahul, Zhang, Li, Zhao, Shuang G, Thomas, George V, Beer, Tomasz M, Quigley, David A, Foye, Adam, Playdle, Denise, Huang, Jiaoti, Lloyd, Paul, Lu, Eric, Sun, Duanchen, Guan, Xiangnan, Rettig, Matthew, Gleave, Martin, Evans, Christopher P, Youngren, Jack, True, Lawrence, Lara, Primo, Kothari, Vishal, Xia, Zheng, Chi, Kim N, Reiter, Robert E, Maher, Christopher A, Feng, Felix Y, Small, Eric J, Alumkal, Joshi J, and Team, on behalf of the West Coast Prostate Cancer Dream

Subjects
Biotechnology, Clinical Research, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Rare Diseases, Genetics, Cancer, Human Genome, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Benzamides, Biomarkers, Tumor, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Staging, Nitriles, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Phenylthiohydantoin, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Prostate, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Whole Genome Sequencing, Advanced prostate cancer, Castration-resistant, Clinical outcomes, Enzalutamide, Genomics, Metastatic prostate cancer, Prognostic factors, West Coast Prostate Cancer Dream Team, Clinical Sciences, Urology & Nephrology
Abstract

BackgroundMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the lethal form of the disease. Several recent studies have identified genomic alterations in mCRPC, but the clinical implications of these genomic alterations have not been fully elucidated.ObjectiveTo use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the association between key driver gene alterations and overall survival (OS), and to use whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing to identify genomic drivers of enzalutamide resistance.Design, setting, and participantsWe performed survival analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) on WGS and RNA sequencing results for a cohort of 101 mCRPC patients.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisOS was the clinical endpoint for all univariate and multivariable survival analyses. Candidate drivers of enzalutamide resistance were identified in an unbiased manner, and mutations of the top candidate were further assessed for enrichment among enzalutamide-resistant patients using Fisher's exact test.Results and limitationsHarboring two DNA alterations in RB1 was independently predictive of poor OS (median 14.1 vs 42.0mo; p=0.007) for men with mCRPC. GSEA identified the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as the top differentially modulated pathway among enzalutamide-resistant patients. Furthermore, β-catenin mutations were exclusive to enzalutamide-resistant patients (p=0.01) and independently predictive of poor OS (median 13.6 vs 41.7mo; p=0.025).ConclusionsThe presence of two RB1 DNA alterations identified in our WGS analysis was independently associated with poor OS among men with mCRPC. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in enzalutamide resistance, with differential pathway expression and enrichment of β-catenin mutations in enzalutamide-resistant patients. Moreover, β-catenin mutations were predictive of poor OS in our cohort.Patient summaryWe observed a correlation between genomic findings for biopsy samples from metastases from men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and clinical outcomes. This work sheds new light on clinically relevant genomic alterations in mCRPC and provides a roadmap for the development of new personalized treatment regimens in mCRPC.

Published
2019

157. Sustained microglial depletion with CSF1R inhibitor impairs parenchymal plaque development in an Alzheimer's disease model.

Author

Spangenberg, Elizabeth, Severson, Paul L, Hohsfield, Lindsay A, Crapser, Joshua, Zhang, Jiazhong, Burton, Elizabeth A, Zhang, Ying, Spevak, Wayne, Lin, Jack, Phan, Nicole Y, Habets, Gaston, Rymar, Andrey, Tsang, Garson, Walters, Jason, Nespi, Marika, Singh, Parmveer, Broome, Stephanie, Ibrahim, Prabha, Zhang, Chao, Bollag, Gideon, West, Brian L, and Green, Kim N

Subjects
Brain, Hippocampus, Microglia, Animals, Mice, Transgenic, Humans, Mice, Alzheimer Disease, Disease Models, Animal, Organic Chemicals, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Behavior, Animal, Memory, Gene Expression Regulation, Plaque, Amyloid, Transcriptome, Transgenic, Disease Models, Animal, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Behavior, Plaque, Amyloid
Abstract

Many risk genes for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are exclusively or highly expressed in myeloid cells. Microglia are dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling for their survival. We designed and synthesized a highly selective brain-penetrant CSF1R inhibitor (PLX5622) allowing for extended and specific microglial elimination, preceding and during pathology development. We find that in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD, plaques fail to form in the parenchymal space following microglial depletion, except in areas containing surviving microglia. Instead, Aβ deposits in cortical blood vessels reminiscent of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Altered gene expression in the 5xFAD hippocampus is also reversed by the absence of microglia. Transcriptional analyses of the residual plaque-forming microglia show they exhibit a disease-associated microglia profile. Collectively, we describe the structure, formulation, and efficacy of PLX5622, which allows for sustained microglial depletion and identify roles of microglia in initiating plaque pathogenesis.

Published
2019

158. Whole-Genome and Transcriptional Analysis of Treatment-Emergent Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Demonstrates Intraclass Heterogeneity

Author

Aggarwal, Rahul R, Quigley, David A, Huang, Jiaoti, Zhang, Li, Beer, Tomasz M, Rettig, Matthew B, Reiter, Rob E, Gleave, Martin E, Thomas, George V, Foye, Adam, Playdle, Denise, Lloyd, Paul, Chi, Kim N, Evans, Christopher P, Lara, Primo N, Feng, Felix Y, Alumkal, Joshi J, and Small, Eric J

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Human Genome, Prostate Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Adenocarcinoma, Biomarkers, Tumor, Biopsy, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Receptors, Androgen, Transcription, Genetic, Developmental Biology, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

Therapeutic resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) can be accompanied by treatment-emergent small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (t-SCNC), a morphologically distinct subtype. We performed integrative whole-genome and -transcriptome analysis of mCRPC tumor biopsies including paired biopsies after progression, and multiple samples from the same individual. t-SCNC was significantly less likely to have amplification of AR or an intergenic AR-enhancer locus, and demonstrated lower expression of AR and its downstream transcriptional targets. Genomic and transcriptional hallmarks of t-SCNC included biallelic loss of RB1, elevated expression levels of CDKN2A and E2F1, and loss of expression of the AR and AR-responsive genes including TMPRSS2 and NKX3-1. We identified three tumors that converted from adenocarcinoma to t-SCNC and demonstrate spatial and temporal intrapatient heterogeneity of metastatic tumors harboring adenocarcinoma, t-SCNC, or mixed expression phenotypes, with implications for treatment strategies in which dual targeting of adenocarcinoma and t-SCNC phenotypes may be necessary. IMPLICATIONS: The t-SCNC phenotype is characterized by lack of AR enhancer gain and loss of RB1 function, and demonstrates both interindividual and intraindividual heterogeneity.Visual Overview: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/17/6/1235/F1.large.jpg.

Published
2019

159. Microglia Regulate Pruning of Specialized Synapses in the Auditory Brainstem

Author

Milinkeviciute, Giedre, Henningfield, Caden M, Muniak, Michael A, Chokr, Sima M, Green, Kim N, and Cramer, Karina S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Sciences, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Neurological, Animals, Brain Stem, Female, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microglia, Random Allocation, Synapses, microglia, calyx of Held, MNTB, pruning, auditory brainstem, CSF1R inhibitors, depletion, Biological psychology
Abstract

The assembly of uniquely organized sound localization circuits in the brainstem requires precise developmental mechanisms. Glial cells have been shown to shape synaptic connections in the retinogeniculate system during development, but their contributions to specialized auditory synapses have not been identified. Here we investigated the role of microglia in auditory brainstem circuit assembly, focusing on the formation and pruning of the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). Microglia were pharmacologically depleted in mice early in development using subcutaneous injections of an inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor, which is essential for microglia survival. Brainstems were examined prior to and just after hearing onset, at postnatal days (P) 8 and P13, respectively. We found that at P13 there were significantly more polyinnervated MNTB neurons when microglia were depleted, consistent with a defect in pruning. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a mature astrocyte marker that normally appears in the MNTB late in development, was significantly decreased in microglia-depleted mice at P13, suggesting a delay in astrocyte maturation. Our results demonstrate that monoinnervation of MNTB neurons by the calyx of Held is significantly disrupted or delayed in the absence of microglia. This finding may reflect a direct role for microglia in synaptic pruning. A secondary role for microglia may be in the maturation of astrocytes in MNTB. These findings highlight the significant function of glia in pruning during calyx of Held development.

Published
2019

160. Does HCC Etiology Impact the Efficacy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma? An Asian Liver Radiation Therapy Group Study

Author

Kim N, Cheng JCH, Ohri N, Huang WY, Kimura T, Zeng ZC, Lee VHF, Kay CS, and Seong J

Subjects
tumor control probability, hepatocellular carcinoma, stereotactic body radiation therapy, hepatitis c virus., Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Nalee Kim,1,* Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng,2,* Nitin Ohri,3 Wen-Yen Huang,4 Tomoki Kimura,5 Zhao Chong Zeng,6 Victor Ho Fun Lee,7 Chul Seung Kay,8 Jinsil Seong9 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan; 5Department of Radiation Oncology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; 6Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 8Department of Radiation Oncology, Jeju Halla Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea; 9Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jinsil Seong, Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-2-2228-8095, Fax +82-2-2227-7823, Email jsseong@yuhs.acBackground/Purpose: The Asian Liver Radiation Therapy Study Group has formed a large and detailed multinational database of outcomes following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we explored the potential impact of HCC etiology on SBRT efficacy. Tumor control probability (TCP) models were established to estimate the likelihood of local control (LC).Methods: Data from 415 patients who were treated with SBRT for HCC were reviewed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify key predictors of LC. TCP models accounting for biologic effective dose (BED) and tumor diameter were generated to quantify associations between etiology and LC.Results: Cox models demonstrated that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was associated with favorable LC following SBRT (HR=0.52, 95% CI 0.04– 0.96, p=0.036). The 2-year LC rate for patients with HCV etiology was 88%, compared to 78% for other patients. Small tumor and high BED were also associated with favorable LC. TCP models demonstrated a 10– 20% absolute increase in predicted LC across the range of SBRT doses and tumor sizes.Conclusion: We found a novel association between HCV status and LC after SBRT for HCC that warrants further exploration. If validated in other datasets, our findings could help clinicians tailor SBRT schedules.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: tumor control probability, hepatocellular carcinoma, stereotactic body radiation therapy, hepatitis C virus

Published
2022

161. Cognitive Appraisal of Sleep and Brain Activation in Response to Sleep-Related Sounds in Healthy Adults

Author

Hwang Y, Lee KH, Kim N, Lee J, Lee HY, Jeon JE, Lee YJ, and Kim SJ

Subjects
anterior cingulate cortex, appraisal, functional magnetic resonance imaging, sleep-related sounds, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Yunjee Hwang,1 Kyung Hwa Lee,2,3 Nambeom Kim,4 Jooyoung Lee,5 Ha Young Lee,2 Jeong Eun Jeon,2 Yu Jin Lee,2 Seog Ju Kim5 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Yu Jin Lee, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email ewpsyche@snu.ac.kr Seog Ju Kim, Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email ksj7126@skku.eduPurpose: Sounds play important roles in promoting and disrupting sleep. How our brain processes sleep-related sounds and individual differences in processing sleep-related sounds must be determined to understand the role of sound in sleep. We investigated neural responses to sleep-related sounds and their associations with cognitive appraisals of sleep.Participants and Methods: Forty-four healthy adults heard sleep-related and neutral sounds during functional magnetic resonance imaging using a 3T scanner. They also completed the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) questionnaire, which was used to assess cognitive appraisals of sleep. We conducted a voxel-wise whole-brain analysis to compare brain activation in response to sleep-related and neutral sounds. We also examined the association between the DBAS score and brain activity in response to sleep-related sounds (vs neutral sounds) using region of interest (ROI) and whole-brain correlation analyses. The ROIs included the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula (AI), and amygdala.Results: The whole-brain analysis revealed increased activation in the temporal regions and decreased activation in the ACC in response to sleep-related sounds compared to neutral sounds. The ROI and whole-brain correlation analyses showed that higher DBAS scores, indicating a negative appraisal of sleep, were significantly correlated with increased activation of the ACC, right medial prefrontal cortex, and brainstem in response to sleep-related sounds.Conclusion: These results indicate that the temporal cortex and ACC, which are implicated in affective sound processing, may play important roles in the processing of sleep-related sounds. The positive association between the neural responses to sleep-related sounds and DBAS scores suggest that negative and dysfunctional appraisals of sleep may be an important factor in individual differences in the processing of sleep-related sounds.Keywords: anterior cingulate cortex, appraisal, functional magnetic resonance imaging, sleep-related sounds

Published
2022

162. Evidence of White Matter Integrity Changes in the Anterior Cingulum Among Shift Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Lee J, Kim M, Kim N, Hwang Y, Lee KH, Lee YJ, and Kim SJ

Subjects
shift work, dti, cingulum, sleep, activity, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Jiye Lee,1,* Minjeong Kim,1,* Nambeom Kim,2 Yunjee Hwang,1 Kyung Hwa Lee,3,4 Jooyoung Lee,1 Yu Jin Lee,3 Seog Ju Kim1 1Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu Jin Lee, Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email ewpsyche@snu.ac.kr Seog Ju Kim, Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email ksj7126@skku.eduIntroduction: We investigated the white matter integrity in shift and non-shift workers and its associations with sleep and activity.Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed on 61 shift workers and 31 non-shift workers. Their sleep and activity profiles were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sleep diaries, and actigraphy. Fractional anisotropy (FA) (a measure of white matter integrity) was calculated using DTI tractography.Results: Shift workers exhibited higher FA values in the bilateral anterior cingulum than did non-shift workers. An increased FA in the right anterior cingulum was correlated with poor sleep quality (ie, a high PSQI score) in shift workers. An increased FA in the right anterior cingulum was also correlated with higher actigraphic activity indices (the mesor and M10 indices) in shift workers.Discussion: The white matter integrity of the anterior cingulum was altered in shift workers, perhaps in association with sleep and activity disturbances.Keywords: shift work, DTI, cingulum, sleep, activity

Published
2022

163. Replacement of microglia in the aged brain reverses cognitive, synaptic, and neuronal deficits in mice

Author

Elmore, Monica RP, Hohsfield, Lindsay A, Kramár, Enikö A, Soreq, Lilach, Lee, Rafael J, Pham, Stephanie T, Najafi, Allison R, Spangenberg, Elizabeth E, Wood, Marcelo A, West, Brian L, and Green, Kim N

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Genetics, Aging, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Animals, Cell Count, Cell Shape, Cognition, Cytoskeleton, Dendritic Spines, Gene Expression Regulation, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Long-Term Potentiation, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microglia, Neurogenesis, Neurons, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Synapses, aging, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, long-term potentiation, microglia, plx5622, repopulation, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Microglia, the resident immune cell of the brain, can be eliminated via pharmacological inhibition of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). Withdrawal of CSF1R inhibition then stimulates microglial repopulation, effectively replacing the microglial compartment. In the aged brain, microglia take on a "primed" phenotype and studies indicate that this coincides with age-related cognitive decline. Here, we investigated the effects of replacing the aged microglial compartment with new microglia using CSF1R inhibitor-induced microglial repopulation. With 28 days of repopulation, replacement of resident microglia in aged mice (24 months) improved spatial memory and restored physical microglial tissue characteristics (cell densities and morphologies) to those found in young adult animals (4 months). However, inflammation-related gene expression was not broadly altered with repopulation nor the response to immune challenges. Instead, microglial repopulation resulted in a reversal of age-related changes in neuronal gene expression, including expression of genes associated with actin cytoskeleton remodeling and synaptogenesis. Age-related changes in hippocampal neuronal complexity were reversed with both microglial elimination and repopulation, while microglial elimination increased both neurogenesis and dendritic spine densities. These changes were accompanied by a full rescue of age-induced deficits in long-term potentiation with microglial repopulation. Thus, several key aspects of the aged brain can be reversed by acute noninvasive replacement of microglia.

Published
2018

165. Venom biotechnology: casting light on nature’s deadliest weapons using synthetic biology

Author

Tim Lüddecke, Anne Paas, Richard J. Harris, Lea Talmann, Kim N. Kirchhoff, André Billion, Kornelia Hardes, Antje Steinbrink, Doreen Gerlach, Bryan G. Fry, and Andreas Vilcinskas

Subjects
synthetic biology, biodiscovery, functional genomics, organoids, CRISPR, RNAi, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Venoms are complex chemical arsenals that have evolved independently many times in the animal kingdom. Venoms have attracted the interest of researchers because they are an important innovation that has contributed greatly to the evolutionary success of many animals, and their medical relevance offers significant potential for drug discovery. During the last decade, venom research has been revolutionized by the application of systems biology, giving rise to a novel field known as venomics. More recently, biotechnology has also made an increasing impact in this field. Its methods provide the means to disentangle and study venom systems across all levels of biological organization and, given their tremendous impact on the life sciences, these pivotal tools greatly facilitate the coherent understanding of venom system organization, development, biochemistry, and therapeutic activity. Even so, we lack a comprehensive overview of major advances achieved by applying biotechnology to venom systems. This review therefore considers the methods, insights, and potential future developments of biotechnological applications in the field of venom research. We follow the levels of biological organization and structure, starting with the methods used to study the genomic blueprint and genetic machinery of venoms, followed gene products and their functional phenotypes. We argue that biotechnology can answer some of the most urgent questions in venom research, particularly when multiple approaches are combined together, and with other venomics technologies.

Published
2023
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168. Management of Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: Report from the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2021

Author

Gillessen, Silke, Armstrong, Andrew, Attard, Gert, Beer, Tomasz M., Beltran, Himisha, Bjartell, Anders, Bossi, Alberto, Briganti, Alberto, Bristow, Robert G., Bulbul, Muhammad, Caffo, Orazio, Chi, Kim N., Clarke, Caroline S., Clarke, Noel, Davis, Ian D., de Bono, Johann S., Duran, Ignacio, Eeles, Ros, Efstathiou, Eleni, Efstathiou, Jason, Ekeke, Onyeanunam Ngozi, Evans, Christopher P., Fanti, Stefano, Feng, Felix Y., Fizazi, Karim, Frydenberg, Mark, George, Dan, Gleave, Martin, Halabi, Susan, Heinrich, Daniel, Higano, Celesta, Hofman, Michael S., Hussain, Maha, James, Nick, Jones, Robert, Kanesvaran, Ravindran, Khauli, Raja B., Klotz, Laurence, Leibowitz, Raya, Logothetis, Chris, Maluf, Fernando, Millman, Robin, Morgans, Alicia K., Morris, Michael J., Mottet, Nicolas, Mrabti, Hind, Murphy, Declan G., Murthy, Vedang, Oh, William K., Ost, Piet, O'Sullivan, Joe M., Padhani, Anwar R., Parker, Chris, Poon, Darren M.C., Pritchard, Colin C., Rabah, Danny M., Rathkopf, Dana, Reiter, Rob E., Rubin, Mark, Ryan, Charles J., Saad, Fred, Sade, Juan P., Sartor, Oliver, Scher, Howard I., Shore, Neal, Skoneczna, Iwona, Small, Eric, Smith, Matthew, Soule, Howard, Spratt, Daniel E., Sternberg, Cora N., Suzuki, Hiroyoshi, Sweeney, Christopher, Sydes, Matthew R., Taplin, Mary-Ellen, Tilki, Derya, Tombal, Bertrand, Türkeri, Levent, Uemura, Hiroji, Uemura, Hirotsugu, van Oort, Inge, Yamoah, Kosj, Ye, Dingwei, Zapatero, Almudena, and Omlin, Aurelius

Published
2022
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173. Characteristics and Outcomes of Herbal Medicine for Female Infertility: A Retrospective Analysis of Data from a Korean Medicine Clinic During 2010–2020

Author

Kim E, Lee HW, Kim N, Park YH, Choi TY, and Lee MS

Subjects
herbal medicine, infertility, pregnancy, pregnancy rate, fertilization in vitro, retrospective studies, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Eunseop Kim,1 Hye Won Lee,2 Namhyoung Kim,1 Young Hee Park,3 Tae-Young Choi,4 Myeong Soo Lee4 1You and Green Korean Medicine Clinic, Daejeon, South Korea; 2KM Convergence Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea; 3You and Green Korean Medicine Clinic, Busan, South Korea; 4KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South KoreaCorrespondence: Myeong Soo Lee, KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea, Tel +82-42-868-9266, Fax +82-42-868-9299, Email drmslee@gmail.com; mslee@kiom.re.kr Hye Won Lee, KM Convergence Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea, Tel +82-42-868-9506, Fax +82-42-868-9299, Email hwlee@kiom.re.krPurpose: Few studies have assessed outcomes associated with the use of traditional medicine therapies to manage infertility in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of and infertility treatment effects among patients who visited a Korean medicine (KM) clinic to aid in achieving pregnancy. This study consisted of a 10-year analysis of patient records from a KM clinic.Methods: A retrospective 10-year (2010– 2020) chart analysis was performed using the medical records of infertile patients who visited a KM clinic in South Korea for fertility treatment (ICD-10, infertility symptoms: 59 codes).Results: Of the 6194 patients who visited the clinic during the selected time frame, 1786 were female patients seeking fertility treatment to achieve pregnancy. Among the 1786 infertile women, 586 women succeeded in becoming pregnant (32.8%). Among the 586 patients who became pregnant, 476 women had received KM, 92 had been treated using KM and in vitro fertilization (IVF), and 18 had received KM and undergone intrauterine insemination (IUI). The live birth rates achieved with these treatments were 66.0%, 68.8%, and 66.7%, respectively. The most frequently prescribed medicines were Gamiboher-tang (Jiaweiwuxu-tang), Gamiguibi-tang (Jiaweiguipi-tang), and Gamidanggui-san (Jiaweidanggui-san). Additionally, the most frequent adjunct therapies administered to these patients were acupuncture and moxibustion.Conclusion: Infertility therapies using KM may be a successful option to treat infertility when used alone or in addition to IVF and IUI. However, further pharmacological investigations and clinical trials are required to ensure the objectivity of the efficacy evaluation.Keywords: herbal medicine, infertility, pregnancy, pregnancy rate, fertilization in vitro, retrospective studies

Published
2022

175. Initial Performance of the COSINE-100 Experiment

Author

Adhikari, G., Adhikari, P., de Souza, E. Barbosa, Carlin, N., Choi, S., Choi, W. Q., Djamal, M., Ezeribe, A. C., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hubbard, A. J. F., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. W., Kim, M. C., Kim, N. Y., Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Leonard, D. S., Lim, K. E., Lynch, W. A., Maruyama, R. H., Mouton, F., Olsen, S. L., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. S., Park, K. S., Pettus, W., Pierpoint, Z. P., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S., Rogers, F. R., Rott, C., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yong, S. H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

COSINE is a dark matter search experiment based on an array of low background NaI(Tl) crystals located at the Yangyang underground laboratory. The assembly of COSINE-100 was completed in the summer of 2016 and the detector is currently collecting physics quality data aimed at reproducing the DAMA/LIBRA experiment that reported an annual modulation signal. Stable operation has been achieved and will continue for at least two years. Here, we describe the design of COSINE-100, including the shielding arrangement, the configuration of the NaI(Tl) crystal detection elements, the veto systems, and the associated operational systems, and we show the current performance of the experiment., Comment: 19 pages, 25 figures, EPJC accepted

Published
2017
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176. Effects of Data Quality Vetoes on a Search for Compact Binary Coalescences in Advanced LIGO's First Observing Run

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Ast, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Bader, M. K. M., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Bazzan, M., Bejger, M., Bell, A. S., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Biscans, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bohe, A., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Broida, J. E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Brunett, S., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calder'on, Callister, T., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavagli`a, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C. B., Baiardi, L. Cerboni, Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Cominsky, L., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Dasgupta, A., Costa, C. F. Da Silva, Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., De, S., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Del'eglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dergachev, V., De Rosa, R., DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Devine, R. C., Dhurandhar, S., D'iaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dolique, V., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Engels, W., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Garufi, F., Gaur, G., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Geng, P., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Glaefke, A., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., Gonz'alez, G., Castro, J. M. Gonzalez, Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Henry, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hofman, D., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huang, S., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. -M., Isi, M., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacqmin, T., Jang, H., Jani, K., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Jian, L., Jim'enez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., K, Haris, Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Karvinen, K. S., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., K'ef'elian, F., Kehl, M. S., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, Chi-Woong, Kim, Chunglee, Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, N., Kim, W., Kim, Y. -M., Kimbrell, S. J., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kissel, J. S., Klein, B., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Kr'olak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Lackey, B. D., Landry, M., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, K., Lenon, A., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Lewis, J. B., Li, T. G. F., Libson, A., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lombardi, A. L., London, L. T., Lord, J. E., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., L"uck, H., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Magaña-Sandoval, F., Zertuche, L. Magaña, Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., M'arka, S., M'arka, Z., Markosyan, A. S., Maros, E., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martynov, D. V., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McManus, D. J., McRae, T., McWilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Meidam, J., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Miller, B. B., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mirshekari, S., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, B. C., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Muir, A. W., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D. J., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Nedkova, K., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Neri, M., Neunzert, A., Newton, G., Nguyen, T. T., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Patrick, Z., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Perri, L. M., Phelps, M., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poe, M., Poggiani, R., Popolizio, P., Post, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Pratt, J., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., P"urrer, M., Qi, H., Qin, J., Qiu, S., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Re, V., Read, J., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Rew, H., Reyes, S. D., Ricci, F., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosi'nska, D., Rowan, S., R"udiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sandberg, V., Sandeen, B., Sanders, J. R., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O. E. S., Savage, R. L., Sawadsky, A., Schale, P., Schilling, R., Schmidt, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Sch"onbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Sheperd, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, A., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singh, R., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R. J. E., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Srivastava, A. K., Staley, A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stephens, B. C., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Stratta, G., Strauss, N. A., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepa'nczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., T'apai, M., Tarabrin, S. P., Taracchini, A., Taylor, R., Theeg, T., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, E. G., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Toland, K., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., T"oyr"a, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trifir`o, D., Tringali, M. C., Trozzo, L., Tse, M., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., van Heijningen, J. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Vass, S., Vas'uth, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicer'e, A., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Voss, D. V., Vousden, W. D., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wessels, P., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wu, G., Yablon, J., Yam, W., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yu, H., Yvert, M., zny, A. Zadro., Zangrando, L., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The first observing run of Advanced LIGO spanned 4 months, from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, during which gravitational waves were directly detected from two binary black hole systems, namely GW150914 and GW151226. Confident detection of gravitational waves requires an understanding of instrumental transients and artifacts that can reduce the sensitivity of a search. Studies of the quality of the detector data yield insights into the cause of instrumental artifacts and data quality vetoes specific to a search are produced to mitigate the effects of problematic data. In this paper, the systematic removal of noisy data from analysis time is shown to improve the sensitivity of searches for compact binary coalescences. The output of the PyCBC pipeline, which is a python-based code package used to search for gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescences, is used as a metric for improvement. GW150914 was a loud enough signal that removing noisy data did not improve its significance. However, the removal of data with excess noise decreased the false alarm rate of GW151226 by more than two orders of magnitude, from 1 in 770 years to less than 1 in 186000 years., Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures, published version

Published
2017
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177. Identification of $^{210}$Pb and $^{210}$Po in the bulk of copper samples with a low-background alpha particle counter

Author

XMASS collaboration, Abe, K., Hiraide, K., Ichimura, K., Kishimoto, Y., Kobayashi, K., Kobayashi, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Norita, T., Ogawa, H., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Takachio, O., Takeda, A., Tasaka, S., Yamashita, M., Yang, B. S., Kim, N. Y., Kim, Y. D., Itow, Y., Kanzawa, K., Kegasa, R., Masuda, K., Takiya, H., Fushimi, K., Kanzaki, G., Martens, K., Suzuki, Y., Xu, B. D., Fujita, R., Hosokawa, K., Miuchi, K., Oka, N., Takeuchi, Y., Kim, Y. H., Lee, K. B., Lee, M. K., Fukuda, Y., Miyasaka, M., Nishijima, K., and Nakamura, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We established a method to assay $^{210}$Pb and $^{210}$Po contaminations in the bulk of copper samples using a low-background alpha particle counter. The achieved sensitivity for the $^{210}$Pb and $^{210}$Po contaminations reaches a few mBq/kg. Due to this high sensitivity, the $^{210}$Pb and $^{210}$Po contaminations in oxygen free copper bulk were identified and measured for the first time. The $^{210}$Pb contaminations of our oxygen free copper samples were 17-40 mBq/kg. Based on our investigation of copper samples in each production step, the $^{210}$Pb in oxygen free copper was understood to be a small residual of an electrolysis process. This method to measure bulk contaminations of $^{210}$Pb and $^{210}$Po could be applied to other materials., Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures

Published
2017
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178. Search for solar Kaluza-Klein axion by annual modulation with the XMASS-I detector

Author

XMASS Collaboration, Oka, N., Abe, K., Hiraide, K., Ichimura, K., Kishimoto, Y., Kobayashi, K., Kobayashi, M., Moriyama, S., Nakahata, M., Norita, T., Ogawa, H., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Takachio, O., Takeda, A., Tasaka, S., Yamashita, M., Yang, B. S., Kim, N. Y., Kim, Y. D., Itow, Y., Kanzawa, K., Kegasa, R., Masuda, K., Takiya, H., Fushimi, K., Kanzaki, G., Martens, K., Suzuki, Y., Xu, B. D., Fujita, R., Hosokawa, K., Miuchi, K., Takeuchi, Y., Kim, Y. H., Lee, K. B., Lee, M. K., Fukuda, Y., Miyasaka, M., Nishijima, K., and Nakamura, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

In theories with the large extra dimensions beyond the standard 4-dimensional spacetime, axions could propagate in such extra dimensions, and acquire Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations. These KK axions are produced in the Sun and could solve unexplained heating of the solar corona. While most of the solar KK axions escape from the solar system, a small fraction is gravitationally trapped in orbits around the Sun. They would decay into two photons inside a terrestrial detector. The event rate is expected to modulate annually depending on the distance from the Sun. We have searched for the annual modulation signature using $832\times 359$ kg$\cdot$days of XMASS-I data. No significant event rate modulation is found, and hence we set the first experimental constraint on the KK axion-photon coupling of $4.8 \times 10^{-12}\, \mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ at 90% confidence level for a KK axion number density of $\bar{n}_\mathrm{a} = 4.07 \times 10^{13}\, \mathrm{m}^{-3}$, the total number of extra dimensions $n = 2$, and the number of extra dimensions $\delta = 2$ that axions can propagate in., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, published in PTEP

Published
2017
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179. Understanding NaI(Tl) crystal background for dark matter searches

Author

Adhikari, G., Adhikari, P., Ha, C., Jeon, E. J., Kim, N. Y., Kim, Y. D., Kong, S. Y., Lee, H. S., Oh, S. Y., Park, J. S., and Park, K. S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We have developed ultra-low-background NaI(Tl) crystals to reproduce the DAMA results with the ultimate goal of achieving purity levels that are comparable to or better than those of the DAMA/LIBRA crystals. Even though the achieved background level does not approach that of DAMA/LIBRA, it is crucial to have a quantitative understanding of the backgrounds. We have studied background simulations toward a deeper understanding of the backgrounds and developed background models for a 9.16-kg NaI(Tl) crystal used in the test arrangement. In this paper we describe the contributions of background sources quantitatively by performing Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations that are fitted to the measured data to quantify the unknown fractions of the background compositions. In the fitted results, the overall simulated background spectrum well describes the measured data with a 9.16-kg NaI(Tl) crystal and shows that the background sources are dominated by surface $^{210}$Pb and internal $^{40}$K in the 2 to 6-keV energy interval, which produce 2.4 counts/day/keV/kg (dru) and 0.5 dru, respectively.

Published
2017
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180. Performance of a prototype active veto system using liquid scintillator for a dark matter search experiment

Author

Park, J. S., Adhikari, P., Adhikari, G., Oh, S. Y., Kim, N. Y., Kim, Y. D., Ha, C., Park, K. S., Lee, H. S., and Jeon, E. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report the performance of an active veto system using a liquid scintillator with NaI(Tl) crystals for use in a dark matter search experiment. When a NaI(Tl) crystal is immersed in the prototype detector, the detector tags 48% of the internal K-40 background in the 0-10 keV energy region. We also determined the tagging efficiency for events at 6-20 keV as 26.5 +/- 1.7% of the total events, which corresponds to 0.76 +/- 0.04 events/keV/kg/day. According to a simulation, approximately 60% of the background events from U, Th, and K radioisotopes in photomultiplier tubes are tagged at energies of 0-10 keV. Full shielding with a 40-cm-thick liquid scintillator can increase the tagging efficiency for both the internal K-40 and external background to approximately 80%., Comment: Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A

Published
2017
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181. Correlation analyses of radiographic progression‐free survival with clinical and health‐related quality of life outcomes in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: Analysis of the phase 3 VISION trial.

Author

Morris, Michael J., de Bono, Johann, Nagarajah, James, Sartor, Oliver, Wei, Xiao X., Nordquist, Luke T., Koshkin, Vadim S., Chi, Kim N., Krause, Bernd J., Herrmann, Ken, Rahbar, Kambiz, Vickers, Adrian, Mirante, Osvaldo, Ghouse, Ray, Fizazi, Karim, and Tagawa, Scott T.

Subjects
CLINICAL trials, OVERALL survival, QUALITY of life, CASTRATION-resistant prostate cancer, STATISTICAL correlation, FUNCTIONAL assessment, PROSTATE cancer, SENSE of coherence
Abstract

Background: [177Lu]Lu–PSMA‐617 (177Lu‐PSMA‐617) plus protocol‐permitted standard of care (SOC) prolonged overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression‐free survival (rPFS) versus SOC in patients with prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–positive metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the phase 3 VISION study, in addition to beneficial effects on symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs) and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods: Post hoc analyses used the full analysis set from the VISION study (N = 831) overall and by randomized treatment arm (177Lu‐PSMA‐617 plus SOC, n = 551; SOC, n = 280). Correlations were determined between OS and rPFS and between rPFS or OS and time to SSE or to worsening HRQOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Prostate [FACT‐P] and 5‐level EQ‐5D [EQ‐5D‐5L]). Correlation analyses used an iterative multiple imputation copula‐based approach (correlation coefficients [rho] of <0.3 were defined as weak, ≥0.3 and <0.5 as mild, ≥0.5 and <0.7 as moderate, and ≥0.7 as strong). Results: In the overall population, rPFS correlated strongly with OS (rho, ≥0.7). Correlations between rPFS or OS and time to SSE without death were weak or mild. Time to worsening in the FACT‐P total score and emotional and physical well‐being domains correlated mildly or moderately with rPFS and moderately with OS. Correlation coefficients for time‐to‐worsening EQ‐5D‐5L scores were mild to moderate for both rPFS and OS. Correlation coefficients were similar between treatment arms. Conclusions: In this analysis of the VISION study, rPFS correlated strongly with OS but not with time to SSE or worsening HRQOL. These findings require further investigation. In patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer participating in the VISION randomized phase 3 trial, radiographic progression‐free survival correlated strongly with overall survival but not with time to a first symptomatic skeletal event or worsening health‐related quality of life or pain. There were no clear or consistent differences in the strengths of correlation between the two treatment groups ([177Lu]Lu‐PSMA‐617 plus protocol‐permitted standard of care vs. standard of care alone). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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182. Planned and Unplanned Sarcoma Resections: Comparative Analysis of Local Recurrence, Metastasis, and Mortality.

Author

Nydegger, Kim N., Obergfell, Timothy T. A. F., Heesen, Philip, Schelling, Georg, Studer, Gabriela, Bode-Lesniewska, Beata, and Fuchs, Bruno

Subjects
*RISK assessment, *SARCOMA, *CANCER relapse, *RARE diseases, *EARLY detection of cancer, *CANCER patient medical care, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *HOSPITALS, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *METASTASIS, *ODDS ratio, *ELECTIVE surgery, *OVERALL survival
Abstract

Simple Summary: Sarcomas are rare and diverse tumors that develop in various tissues like bone, muscle, and fat. This study examines the outcomes of two types of surgical removal of these tumors: planned resections (PEs), where the tumor is diagnosed a-priori and surgically removed with a plan, and unplanned resections (UEs), where the tumor is removed without prior diagnosis. We found that planned surgeries, while better at completely removing the tumor initially, are associated with more advanced tumors that have a higher chance of spreading and leading to cancer-related deaths. On the other hand, unplanned surgeries tend to have higher chances of the tumor coming back locally but do not significantly affect long-term survival. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and timely treatment at specialized centers to improve patient outcomes. Our research aims to help develop better tools for predicting and managing sarcomas to enhance patient care. Background: Sarcomas, a diverse group of malignant tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues, pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study compares the outcomes of planned resections (PEs) and unplanned resections (UEs) to inform better clinical practices. Methods: Data were analyzed from the Swiss Sarcoma Network (SSN), including patients with soft tissue and bone sarcomas treated at two major hospitals. This study utilized logistic regression and Cox regression models to examine the odds of UEs and their impact on local recurrence-free survival. Results: Among 429 patients registered by SSN members, 323 (75%) underwent PEs and 106 (25%) experienced UEs. PEs were associated with significantly larger tumors (94 mm vs. 47 mm, p < 0.001) and higher-grade tumors (Grade 3: 50.5% vs. 37.4%, p = 0.03). Despite achieving superior resection margins (R0: 78.8% vs. 12.6%, p < 0.001), PEs showed higher metastasis rates at follow-up (31.0% vs. 10.4%, p < 0.001) and greater cancer-specific mortality (16.7% vs. 6.6%, p = 0.01). UEs, while linked to higher local recurrence, did not significantly affect metastasis-free survival (MFS) or overall survival (OS). Conclusions: PEs achieve superior immediate surgical outcomes but are linked to higher metastasis and cancer-specific mortality due to the advanced stage of tumors. UEs, while associated with higher local recurrence rates, do not significantly impact MFS or OS. Early detection, comprehensive diagnostics, and timely referrals to specialized sarcoma hubs are essential to avoid UEs and reduce metastatic risk. Future research should focus on developing diagnostic tools using individual tumor and patient characteristics to improve sarcoma management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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183. Community-Based Resilience Analysis (CoBRA) to Hazard Disruption: Case Study of a Peri-Urban Agricultural Community in Thailand.

Author

Sahavacharin, Alisa, Likitswat, Fa, Irvine, Kim N., and Teang, Lihoun

Subjects
SOCIAL networks, WASTE recycling, RECYCLING management, LAND tenure, HEALTH facilities
Abstract

The expansion of cities and land use changes have led to the emergence of peri-urban areas representing a transition between fully urbanized and agricultural regions in Southeast Asia. Peri-urban communities provide essential ecosystem services but are vulnerable to climate-related disruptions and socioeconomic challenges. Utilizing their unique characteristics, peri-urban communities can contribute to sustainable development and resilience. This study assesses the potential of peri-urban areas to meet future challenges for sustainable development in a changing world, focusing on the local pandan farming community of Pathum Thani, approximately 53 km north of Bangkok, using the Community-Based Resilience Analysis (CoBRA) approach. A formally established group of peri-urban farming households identified COVID-19, water quality, and solid waste as their primary disruptive challenges. The community identified economic stability and resources (land ownership, financial security, and government support), community and social support (collaborative community, and healthcare facilities), an environmental dimension (sufficient food and clean water), and an information dimension (news and knowledge update) as key community resilience characteristics, which highlight their comprehensive approach to hazard resilience. The study concludes that the community was moderately resilient to hazards and COVID-19 was the primary disrupting event over the past 10 years. To address future challenges in peri-urban agriculture, it is suggested to focus on enhancing economic diversification, strengthening social networks and support systems, implementing sustainable land management practices, and promoting access to timely and accurate information. Additionally, investing in infrastructure for water management and waste recycling, supporting small-scale farming initiatives, and fostering collaboration between farmers and local authorities can contribute to building resilience in peri-urban agricultural communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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184. Derivation of Spin Torques of the Magnetic System in Broken Inversion Symmetry

Author

Kwon, H. Y., Kang, S. P., Kim, N. J., Lee, C. K., and Won, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We propose a new approach to derive spin torque in systems of broken inversion symmetry. It uses the concepts of asymmetric and directional spin-spin interactions to obtain their effective fields. We applied the effective fields into the Landau-Lifshitz equation and obtained spin torques. The model offers a new and general approach for spin dynamics, one that effectively merges the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, spin transfer torques, and spin-orbit torque into the spin dynamics equation. We discussed how our model is imposed on the spin dynamics and compared our approach with the traditional discussions on spin dynamics., Comment: 11 pages, 1 figures

Published
2016

187. Field-Based Enquiry in Geography: The Influence of Singapore Teachers' Subject Identities on Their Practice

Author

Seow, Tricia, Irvine, Kim N., Beevi, Ismath, and Premathillake, Tharuka

Abstract

This qualitative study examines the influence of teachers' subject identities on how four secondary school teachers in Singapore conduct field-based enquiry about water quality in geography. Given the complex interactions noted in the literature among teachers' academic and school training, their academic subject specialisms and their practice, it also interrogated the influence of teachers' subject specialisations on their practice. In general, it was found that the teachers shared concerns about water conservation and environmental sustainability in their practice of enquiry with their students. However, divergence in teachers' emphases when conducting GI was also noted, which could be partly attributed to the influence of their other subject specialisations. This underscores the importance of attention to teachers' subject identities in geography education research, as well as in pre-service and professional development courses for teachers.

Published
2020
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188. First low frequency all-sky search for continuous gravitational wave signals

Author

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amariutei, D. V., Andersen, M., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Berger, B. K., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Biscans, S., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, Sukanta, Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Branco, V., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Celerier, C., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Baiardi, L. Cerboni, Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Colombini, M., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Damjanic, M. D., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H. P., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., De Rosa, R., DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Dominguez, E., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J. M., Eikenberry, S. S., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Garufi, F., Gatto, A., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. Á., Germain, V., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gleason, J. R., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Gonzalez, J., Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C. J., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hoelscher-Obermaier, J., Hofman, D., Hollitt, S. E., Holt, K., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huang, S., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh, M., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Islas, G., Isler, J. C., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M. B., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Ji, Y., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., K, Haris, Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karki, S., Karlen, J. L., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Kehl, M. S., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Kerrigan, J., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N. G., Kim, N., Kim, Y. -M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J. T., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Lackey, B. D., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Lasky, P. D., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, J., Lee, J. P., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B. M., Lewis, J. B., Li, T. G. F., Libson, A., Lin, A. C., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lubinski, M. J., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, J., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E. P., MacDonald, T., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Madden-Fong, D. X., Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magee, R. M., Mageswaran, M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mangini, N. M., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A. S., Maros, E., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McWilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meinders, M., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mirshekari, S., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, B. C., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy IV, D. J., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. F., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nedkova, K., Nelemans, G., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T. T., Nielsen, A. B., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Okounkova, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ortega, W. E., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C. T., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patrick, Z., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Piccinni, O., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J. H., Poggiani, R., Post, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Premachandra, S. S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qin, J., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodger, A. S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romano, J. D., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Santiago-Prieto, I., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Sawadsky, A., Schale, P., Schilling, R., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Serna, G., Sevigny, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffery, P., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shao, Z., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L. P., Singh, R., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R. J. E., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Srivastava, A. K., Staley, A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stephens, B. C., Steplewski, S., Stevenson, S. P., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Strauss, N. A., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tápai, M., Tarabrin, S. P., Taracchini, A., Taylor, R., Theeg, T., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trifirò, D., Tringali, M. C., Tse, M., Turconi, M., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Vallisneri, M., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. van den, van der Schaaf, L., van der Sluys, M. V., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W. D., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, M., Wade IV, L. E., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, X., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Williams, K. J., Williams, L., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yam, W., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yvert, M., Zadrożny, A., Zangrando, L., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zhang, Fan, Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S. E., and Zweizig, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

In this paper we present the results of the first low frequency all-sky search of continuous gravitational wave signals conducted on Virgo VSR2 and VSR4 data. The search covered the full sky, a frequency range between 20 Hz and 128 Hz with a range of spin-down between $-1.0 \times 10^{-10}$ Hz/s and $+1.5 \times 10^{-11}$ Hz/s, and was based on a hierarchical approach. The starting point was a set of short Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT), of length 8192 seconds, built from the calibrated strain data. Aggressive data cleaning, both in the time and frequency domains, has been done in order to remove, as much as possible, the effect of disturbances of instrumental origin. On each dataset a number of candidates has been selected, using the FrequencyHough transform in an incoherent step. Only coincident candidates among VSR2 and VSR4 have been examined in order to strongly reduce the false alarm probability, and the most significant candidates have been selected. Selected candidates have been subject to a follow-up by constructing a new set of longer FFTs followed by a further incoherent analysis, still based on the FrequencyHough transform. No evidence for continuous gravitational wave signals was found, therefore we have set a population-based joint VSR2-VSR4 90$\%$ confidence level upper limit on the dimensionless gravitational wave strain in the frequency range between 20 Hz and 128 Hz. This is the first all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves conducted, on data of ground-based interferometric detectors, at frequencies below 50 Hz. We set upper limits in the range between about $10^{-24}$ and $2\times 10^{-23}$ at most frequencies. Our upper limits on signal strain show an improvement of up to a factor of $\sim$2 with respect to the results of previous all-sky searches at frequencies below $80~\mathrm{Hz}$., Comment: 27 pages, 19 figures

Published
2015
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189. A search of the Orion spur for continuous gravitational waves using a 'loosely coherent' algorithm on data from LIGO interferometers

Author

Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amariutei, D. V., Andersen, M., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Berger, B. K., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Biscans, S., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, Sukanta, Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Branco, V., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Celerier, C., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Baiardi, L. Cerboni, Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Colombini, M., Constancio Jr., M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Damjanic, M. D., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H. P., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., De Rosa, R., DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Dominguez, E., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J. M., Eikenberry, S. S., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Garufi, F., Gatto, A., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. Á., Germain, V., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gleason, J. R., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Gonzalez, J., Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grover, K., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C. J., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hammer, D., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hoelscher-Obermaier, J., Hofman, D., Hollitt, S. E., Holt, K., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huang, S., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh, M., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Islas, G., Isler, J. C., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M. B., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Ji, Y., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., K, Haris, Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karki, S., Karlen, J. L., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Kehl, M. S., Keitel, D., Kelecsenyi, N., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Kerrigan, J., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N. G., Kim, N., Kim, Y. -M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J. T., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Lackey, B. D., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Lasky, P. D., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, J., Lee, J. P., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B. M., Lewis, J. B., Li, T. G. F., Libson, A., Lin, A. C., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lockett, V., Lodhia, D., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lubinski, M. J., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, J., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macarthur, J., Macdonald, E. P., MacDonald, T., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Madden-Fong, D. X., na-Sandoval, F. Maga\, Magee, R. M., Mageswaran, M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mangini, N. M., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A. S., Maros, E., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McWilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Meinders, M., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mirshekari, S., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, B. C., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy IV, D. J., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. F., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nedkova, K., Nelemans, G., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T. T., Nielsen, A. B., Nitz, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Okounkova, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ortega, W. E., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C. T., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pan, Y., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patrick, Z., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Piccinni, O., Pichot, M., Pickenpack, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J. H., Poggiani, R., Post, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Premachandra, S. S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qin, J., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Rácz, I., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Re, V., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ricci, F., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodger, A. S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Santiago-Prieto, I., Sassolas, B., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Sawadsky, A., Schale, P., Schilling, R., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Serna, G., Sevigny, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffery, P., Shah, S., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shao, Z., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. L., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Simakov, D., Singer, A., Singer, L. P., Singh, R., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, N. D., Smith, R. J. E., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Souradeep, T., Srivastava, A. K., Staley, A., Stebbins, J., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stephens, B. C., Steplewski, S., Stevenson, S. P., Stone, R., Strain, K. A., Straniero, N., Strauss, N. A., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tápai, M., Tarabrin, S. P., Taracchini, A., Taylor, R., Theeg, T., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trifirò, D., Tringali, M. C., Tse, M., Turconi, M., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Vallisneri, M., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. van den, van der Schaaf, L., van der Sluys, M. V., van Heijningen, J., van Veggel, A. A., Vansuch, G., Vardaro, M., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vaulin, R., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vousden, W. D., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, M., Wade IV, L. E., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, X., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Welborn, T., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. J., Whiting, B. F., Williams, K. J., Williams, L., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Worden, J., Yablon, J., Yakushin, I., Yam, W., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yvert, M., Zadrożny, A., Zangrando, L., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Zhang, Fan, Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zuraw, S. E., Zweizig, J., Collaboration, LIGO Scientific, and Collaboration, Virgo Scientific

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report results of a wideband search for periodic gravitational waves from isolated neutron stars within the Orion spur towards both the inner and outer regions of our Galaxy. As gravitational waves interact very weakly with matter, the search is unimpeded by dust and concentrations of stars. One search disk (A) is $6.87^\circ$ in diameter and centered on $20^\textrm{h}10^\textrm{m}54.71^\textrm{s}+33^\circ33'25.29"$, and the other (B) is $7.45^\circ$ in diameter and centered on $8^\textrm{h}35^\textrm{m}20.61^\textrm{s}-46^\circ49'25.151"$. We explored the frequency range of 50-1500 Hz and frequency derivative from $0$ to $-5\times 10^{-9}$ Hz/s. A multi-stage, loosely coherent search program allowed probing more deeply than before in these two regions, while increasing coherence length with every stage. Rigorous followup parameters have winnowed initial coincidence set to only 70 candidates, to be examined manually. None of those 70 candidates proved to be consistent with an isolated gravitational wave emitter, and 95% confidence level upper limits were placed on continuous-wave strain amplitudes. Near $169$ Hz we achieve our lowest 95% CL upper limit on worst-case linearly polarized strain amplitude $h_0$ of $6.3\times 10^{-25}$, while at the high end of our frequency range we achieve a worst-case upper limit of $3.4\times 10^{-24}$ for all polarizations and sky locations., Comment: Fixed minor typo - duplicate name in the author list

Published
2015
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190. What is Noise Sensitivity?

Author

David Welch, Kim N Dirks, Daniel Shepherd, and Jessica Ong

Subjects
annoyance, aircraft, loudness, noise sensitivity, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, RC963-969
Abstract

Background: Noise sensitivity moderates the association between environmental noise exposure and annoyance and health outcomes. Methods: In normally hearing adults, we measured noise sensitivity in three ways: using the noise sensitivity questionnaire, a 3-point self-rating, and the loudness discomfort level (LDL; mean reported discomfort level for tone bursts). We then presented recordings of a 15-second 80 dBLAeq aeroplane overflight and participants rated the annoyance and loudness they experienced. Results: The three measures of noise sensitivity were not well correlated with each other, and only the overall LDL was associated with the ratings of loudness and annoyance in response to the aeroplane sounds. Conclusions: This implies that our current measures of noise sensitivity may only capture parts of the underlying construct, and therefore underestimate effects due to it on the association between environmental noise and annoyance and health outcomes. We developed a theoretical model to describe the set of factors that may influence a person’s sensitivity to noise and propose that interaction between the systems described is the basis for noise sensitivity. This paradigm alters the focus of noise research from the annoyance caused by the sound, to the sensitization to noise that may occur as a result of the interplay of many factors. We hope that our model will allow research to explore the sensitizing factors for noise more easily and systematically.

Published
2022
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191. Designing Ecological Floating Wetlands to Optimize Ecosystem Services for Urban Resilience in Tropical Climates: A Review

Author

Fa Likitswat, Supanut Dejnirattisai, Alisa Sahavacharin, Kim N. Irvine, and Lloyd H. C. Chua

Subjects
landscape design, floating wetland system, nature-based solutions, ecosystem services, urban resilience, tropical climate, Aesthetics of cities. City planning and beautifying, NA9000-9428, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, HT101-395
Abstract

Floating wetland systems potentially can provide a diverse set of ecosystem services that collectively improve urban resilience. Despite the growing studies and use of floating wetlands in temperate and subtropical climates, the design of floating wetlands in tropical climates is still understudied. This paper therefore aims to identify the research gaps in landscape planning and synthesize the design typology that can be applied to tropical urban conditions. The purpose of this research is i) Identify opportunities and challenges in applying floating wetland systems for landscape planning and design, ii) synthesize the design typology that can be applied to urban tropical climate conditions and iii) demonstrate the application of ecological wetland principles for the built environment. This research uses a mixed methods approach by including both a narrative review based on 67 peer-reviewed articles as well as case studies from tropical climates. The review captures the challenges and opportunities of designing ecological floating wetlands in terms of multifunctional usage, site limitation, cost effectiveness, social benefit, and ecological habitat creation. For design typology of floating wetlands in a tropical climate, we discuss design components based on size, floating mat types, structures and materials, planting design, and additional technology. While the first case study showcased a design for an ecological floating wetland, the second case study illustrates how mathematical modeling can guide sizing and performance assessment in planning floating wetland implementation. Ecological floating wetlands can provide a positive impact to the urban environment under tropical conditions, but the main research gaps include an incomplete understanding of contaminant uptake rates associated with different plants, required maintenance of the systems, plant robustness, and community appreciation.

Published
2023
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192. Degenerate mapping of environmental location presages deficits in object-location encoding and memory in the 5xFAD mouse model for Alzheimer's disease

Author

Hai Zhang, Lujia Chen, Kevin G. Johnston, Joshua Crapser, Kim N. Green, Nicole My-Linh Ha, Andrea J. Tenner, Todd C. Holmes, Douglas A. Nitz, and Xiangmin Xu

Subjects
Animal model, hippocampus, CA1, Object location memory, Spatial encoding, Disease progression, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

A key challenge in developing diagnosis and treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to detect abnormal network activity at as early a stage as possible. To date, behavioral and neurophysiological investigations in AD model mice have yet to conduct a longitudinal assessment of cellular pathology, memory deficits, and neurophysiological correlates of neuronal activity. We therefore examined the temporal relationships between pathology, neuronal activities and spatial representation of environments, as well as object location memory deficits across multiple stages of development in the 5xFAD mice model and compared these results to those observed in wild-type mice. We performed longitudinal in vivo calcium imaging with miniscope on hippocampal CA1 neurons in behaving mice. We find that 5xFAD mice show amyloid plaque accumulation, depressed neuronal calcium activity during immobile states, and degenerate and unreliable hippocampal neuron spatial tuning to environmental location at early stages by 4 months of age while their object location memory (OLM) is comparable to WT mice. By 8 months of age, 5xFAD mice show deficits of OLM, which are accompanied by progressive degradation of spatial encoding and, eventually, impaired CA1 neural tuning to object-location pairings. Furthermore, depressed neuronal activity and unreliable spatial encoding at early stage are correlated with impaired performance in OLM at 8-month-old. Our results indicate the close connection between impaired hippocampal tuning to object-location and the presence of OLM deficits. The results also highlight that depressed baseline firing rates in hippocampal neurons during immobile states and unreliable spatial representation precede object memory deficits and predict memory deficits at older age, suggesting potential early opportunities for AD detecting.

Published
2023
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195. A limited capacity for microglial repopulation in the adult brain

Author

Najafi, Allison R, Crapser, Joshua, Jiang, Shan, Ng, Winnie, Mortazavi, Ali, West, Brian L, and Green, Kim N

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Aminopyridines, Animals, Brain, CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Cytokines, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Ontology, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Luminescent Proteins, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Microfilament Proteins, Microglia, Pyrroles, Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha, Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Signal Transduction, depletion, elimination, myeloid, proliferation, renewal, depletion, elimination, myeloid, proliferation, renewal, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Microglia are the resident immune cell of the central nervous system (CNS), and serve to protect and maintain the local brain environment. Microglia are critically dependent on signaling through the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R); administration of CSF1R inhibitors that cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) lead to the elimination of up to 99% of microglia, depending on CNS exposure and treatment duration. Once microglia are depleted, withdrawal of inhibitor stimulates repopulation of the entire CNS with new cells, conceivably enabling a therapeutic strategy for beneficial renewal of the entire microglial tissue. We have explored the kinetics and limits of this repopulation event and show that the rate of microglial repopulation is proportional to the extent of microglial depletion - greater depletion of microglia results in more rapid repopulation. Using a CSF1R inhibitor formulation that eliminates approximately 99% of microglia within 7 days, we subjected mice to multiple rounds of elimination (7 days' treatment) and repopulation (7 days' recovery) and found that the brain only has the capacity for a single complete repopulation event; subsequent elimination and CSF1R inhibitor withdrawal fail to repopulate the brain. However, if the recovery time between, or after, cycles is extended sufficiently then the brain can ultimately repopulate. These kinetic studies define the opportunities and possible limits of the remarkable renewal capacities of microglia.

Published
2018

196. Disparity in public funding of therapies for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer across Canadian provinces

Author

Woon, Dixon TS, Chandrasekar, Thenappan, Aaron, Lorne, Basappa, Naveen S, Chi, Kim N, Conter, Henry J, Gotto, Geoffrey, Hotte, Sebastien J, Malone, Shawn, Saad, Fred, Shayegan, Bobby, Park-Wyllie, Laura, and Hamilton, Robert J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Urology & Nephrology, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Treatment using abiraterone acetate plus prednisone, enzalutamide, cabazitaxel, and radium-223 (Ra-223) improves overall survival (OS) and quality of life for patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Despite their proven benefits, access to these therapies is not equal across Canada. METHODS:We describe provincial differences in access to approved mCRPC therapies. Data sources include the pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review database, provincial cancer care resources, and correspondence with pharmaceutical companies. RESULTS:Both androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies (ARATs), abiraterone acetate plus prednisone and enzalutamide, are funded by provinces in the pre-and post-chemotherapy setting, however, sequential ARAT use is not funded. "Sandwich" therapy, where one ARAT is used pre-chemotherapy and a second is used upon progression on chemotherapy, is funded in six provinces: Ontario (ON), Alberta, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island (PEI), Nova Scotia (NS), and Newfoundland and Labrador. Ra-223 is funded in five provinces: ON, Quebec (QC), British Columbia (BC), Saskatchewan, and Manitoba to varying degrees; ON allows Ra-223 either pre- or post-chemo (not both); QC allows Ra-223 post-chemo unless chemo is not tolerated; BC allows Ra-223 if other life-prolonging mCRPC therapies have been received or ineligible. Cabazitaxel is funded in all provinces post-docetaxel, except QC and PEI. Cabazitaxel is not funded as fist-line treatment for mCPRC or in combination with other agents. In ON, BC, QC, and PEI, cabazitaxel is not funded after progression on an ARAT in the post-chemotherapy setting. CONCLUSIONS:While all provinces have access to docetaxel and ARATs, sandwiching sequential ARATs with docetaxel is funded only in select provinces. Ra-223 and cabazitaxel access is not ubiquitous across Canada. Such inequalities in access to life-prolonging therapies could lead to disparities in survival and quality of life among patients with mCRPC. Further research should quantify interprovincial variation in outcomes and cost that may result from variable access.

Published
2018

197. Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Treatment-Emergent Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Prospective Study.

Author

Aggarwal, Rahul, Huang, Jiaoti, Alumkal, Joshi J, Zhang, Li, Feng, Felix Y, Thomas, George V, Weinstein, Alana S, Friedl, Verena, Zhang, Can, Witte, Owen N, Lloyd, Paul, Gleave, Martin, Evans, Christopher P, Youngren, Jack, Beer, Tomasz M, Rettig, Matthew, Wong, Christopher K, True, Lawrence, Foye, Adam, Playdle, Denise, Ryan, Charles J, Lara, Primo, Chi, Kim N, Uzunangelov, Vlado, Sokolov, Artem, Newton, Yulia, Beltran, Himisha, Demichelis, Francesca, Rubin, Mark A, Stuart, Joshua M, and Small, Eric J

Subjects
Prostate Cancer, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Genetics, Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine, DNA Repair, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Purpose The prevalence and features of treatment-emergent small-cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-SCNC) are not well characterized in the era of modern androgen receptor (AR)-targeting therapy. We sought to characterize the clinical and genomic features of t-SCNC in a multi-institutional prospective study. Methods Patients with progressive, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) underwent metastatic tumor biopsy and were followed for survival. Metastatic biopsy specimens underwent independent, blinded pathology review along with RNA/DNA sequencing. Results A total of 202 consecutive patients were enrolled. One hundred forty-eight (73%) had prior disease progression on abiraterone and/or enzalutamide. The biopsy evaluable rate was 79%. The overall incidence of t-SCNC detection was 17%. AR amplification and protein expression were present in 67% and 75%, respectively, of t-SCNC biopsy specimens. t-SCNC was detected at similar proportions in bone, node, and visceral organ biopsy specimens. Genomic alterations in the DNA repair pathway were nearly mutually exclusive with t-SCNC differentiation ( P = .035). Detection of t-SCNC was associated with shortened overall survival among patients with prior AR-targeting therapy for mCRPC (hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.82). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the transcriptome identified a small-cell-like cluster that further enriched for adverse survival outcomes (hazard ratio, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.19). A t-SCNC transcriptional signature was developed and validated in multiple external data sets with > 90% accuracy. Multiple transcriptional regulators of t-SCNC were identified, including the pancreatic neuroendocrine marker PDX1. Conclusion t-SCNC is present in nearly one fifth of patients with mCRPC and is associated with shortened survival. The near-mutual exclusivity with DNA repair alterations suggests t-SCNC may be a distinct subset of mCRPC. Transcriptional profiling facilitates the identification of t-SCNC and novel therapeutic targets.

Published
2018

198. Genomic Hallmarks and Structural Variation in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Author

Quigley, David A, Dang, Ha X, Zhao, Shuang G, Lloyd, Paul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Alumkal, Joshi J, Foye, Adam, Kothari, Vishal, Perry, Marc D, Bailey, Adina M, Playdle, Denise, Barnard, Travis J, Zhang, Li, Zhang, Jin, Youngren, Jack F, Cieslik, Marcin P, Parolia, Abhijit, Beer, Tomasz M, Thomas, George, Chi, Kim N, Gleave, Martin, Lack, Nathan A, Zoubeidi, Amina, Reiter, Robert E, Rettig, Matthew B, Witte, Owen, Ryan, Charles J, Fong, Lawrence, Kim, Won, Friedlander, Terence, Chou, Jonathan, Li, Haolong, Das, Rajdeep, Li, Hui, Moussavi-Baygi, Ruhollah, Goodarzi, Hani, Gilbert, Luke A, Lara, Primo N, Evans, Christopher P, Goldstein, Theodore C, Stuart, Joshua M, Tomlins, Scott A, Spratt, Daniel E, Cheetham, R Keira, Cheng, Donavan T, Farh, Kyle, Gehring, Julian S, Hakenberg, Jörg, Liao, Arnold, Febbo, Philip G, Shon, John, Sickler, Brad, Batzoglou, Serafim, Knudsen, Karen E, He, Housheng H, Huang, Jiaoti, Wyatt, Alexander W, Dehm, Scott M, Ashworth, Alan, Chinnaiyan, Arul M, Maher, Christopher A, Small, Eric J, and Feng, Felix Y

Subjects
Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Metastasis, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, BRCA2 Protein, Receptors, Androgen, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics, Tandem Repeat Sequences, Mutation, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Male, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Genomic Structural Variation, DNA Copy Number Variations, Exome, Whole Genome Sequencing, BRCA2, androgen receptor, castration resistant prostate cancer, chromothripsis, gene fusion, genomics, metastases, structural variation, tandem duplication, whole-genome sequencing, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

While mutations affecting protein-coding regions have been examined across many cancers, structural variants at the genome-wide level are still poorly defined. Through integrative deep whole-genome and -transcriptome analysis of 101 castration-resistant prostate cancer metastases (109X tumor/38X normal coverage), we identified structural variants altering critical regulators of tumorigenesis and progression not detectable by exome approaches. Notably, we observed amplification of an intergenic enhancer region 624 kb upstream of the androgen receptor (AR) in 81% of patients, correlating with increased AR expression. Tandem duplication hotspots also occur near MYC, in lncRNAs associated with post-translational MYC regulation. Classes of structural variations were linked to distinct DNA repair deficiencies, suggesting their etiology, including associations of CDK12 mutation with tandem duplications, TP53 inactivation with inverted rearrangements and chromothripsis, and BRCA2 inactivation with deletions. Together, these observations provide a comprehensive view of how structural variations affect critical regulators in metastatic prostate cancer.

Published
2018

199. Gamma oscillations in the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit underlying memory and dementia

Author

Nakazono, Tomoaki, Jun, Heechul, Blurton-Jones, Mathew, Green, Kim N, and Igarashi, Kei M

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Cognitive and Computational Psychology, Psychology, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Aging, Neurodegenerative, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Neurological, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Entorhinal Cortex, Gamma Rhythm, Hippocampus, Humans, Memory, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Entorhinal cortex, Gamma oscillations, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biochemistry and cell biology, Biological psychology
Abstract

Gamma oscillations that occur within the entorhinal cortex-hippocampal circuitry play important roles in the formation and retrieval of memory in healthy brains. Recent studies report that gamma oscillations are impaired in the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and AD animal models. Here we review the latest advancements in studies of entorhinal-hippocampal gamma oscillations in healthy memory and dementia. This review is especially salient for readers in Alzheimer's research field not familiar with in vivo electrophysiology. Recent studies have begun to show a causal link between gamma oscillations and AD pathology, suggesting that gamma oscillations may even offer a plausible future therapeutic target.

Published
2018

200. Searches for continuous gravitational waves from nine young supernova remnants

Author

Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Alemic, A., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Amariutei, D., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J. S., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barbet, M., Barclay, S., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Bauer, Th. S., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Benacquista, M., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biscans, S., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, C. D., Blair, D., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonelli, L., Bonnand, R., Bork, R., Born, M., Boschi, V., Bose, Sukanta, Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Bridges, D. O., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchman, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chen, Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colla, A., Collette, C., Colombini, M., Cominsky, L., Constancio, Jr., M., Conte, A., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Cutler, C., Dahl, K., Canton, T. Dal, Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dartez, L., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., DeBra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., De Rosa, R., DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M., Di Fiore, L., Di Lieto, A., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Dominguez, E., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edo, T., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. -B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fournier, J. -D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fuentes-Tapia, S., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S., Garufi, F., Gatto, A., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., Gergely, L. Á., Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S., Goßler, S., Gouaty, R., Gräf, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Gretarsson, A. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guido, C. J., Guo, X., Gushwa, K., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J., Hall, E. D., Hammond, G., Hanke, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Hee, S., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M., Heinzel, G., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hewitson, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hofman, D., Hollitt, S. E., Holt, K., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Houston, E., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huerta, E., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh, M., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Islas, G., Isler, J. C., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M., Jang, H., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Ji, Y., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., K, Haris, Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, H., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Keiser, G. M., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Keppel, D. G., Key, J. S., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khazanov, E. A., Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, N. G., Kim, N., Kim, Y. -M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Kline, J., Koehlenbeck, S., Kokeyama, K., Kondrashov, V., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Landry, M., Lantz, B., Larson, S., Lasky, P. D., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Le, J., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebigot, E., Lebigot, E. O., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Leonardi, M., Leong, J. R., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Levine, B., Lewis, J., Li, T. G. F., Libbrecht, K., Libson, A., Lin, A. C., Littenberg, T. B., Lockerbie, N. A., Lockett, V., Logue, J., Lombardi, A. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J., Lubinski, M. J., Lück, H., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macarthur, J., MacDonald, T., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magee, R., Mageswaran, M., Maglione, C., Mailand, K., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malvezzi, V., Man, N., Mandel, I., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A., Maros, E., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D., Marx, J. N., Mason, K., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mazzolo, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McLin, K., McWilliams, S., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Meidam, J., Meinders, M., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Meyers, P. M., Mezzani, F., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mirshekari, S., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moe, B., Moggi, A., Mohan, M., Mohanty, S. D., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Moore, B., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mossavi, K., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nagy, M. F., Nardecchia, I., Nash, T., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V., Nedkova, K., Nelemans, G., Neri, I., Neri, M., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A. H., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Oppermann, P., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ortega, W., O'Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Pai, S., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Papa, M. A., Paris, H., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patrick, Z., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. 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Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We describe directed searches for continuous gravitational waves in data from the sixth LIGO science data run. The targets were nine young supernova remnants not associated with pulsars; eight of the remnants are associated with non-pulsing suspected neutron stars. One target's parameters are uncertain enough to warrant two searches, for a total of ten. Each search covered a broad band of frequencies and first and second frequency derivatives for a fixed sky direction. The searches coherently integrated data from the two LIGO interferometers over time spans from 5.3-25.3 days using the matched-filtering F-statistic. We found no credible gravitational-wave signals. We set 95% confidence upper limits as strong (low) as $4\times10^{-25}$ on intrinsic strain, $2\times10^{-7}$ on fiducial ellipticity, and $3\times10^{-6}$ on r-mode amplitude. These beat the indirect limits from energy conservation and are within the range of theoretical predictions for neutron-star ellipticities and r-mode amplitudes., Comment: Updated following erratum. Science summary available at http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S6DirectedSNR/index.php

Published
2014
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