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The primary goal of this paper is to solve the investment problem based on linguistic picture decision making method under the linguistic triangular picture linguistic fuzzy environment. First to define the triangular picture linguistic fuzzy numbers. Further, we define operations on triangular picture linguistic fuzzy numbers and their aggregation operator namely, triangular picture fuzzy linguistic induce OWA (TPFLIOWA) and triangular picture fuzzy linguistic induce OWG (TPFLIOWG) operators. Multi-criteria group decision making method is developed based on TPFLIOWA and TPFLIOWG operators and solve the uncertainty in the investment problem. We study the applicability of the proposed decision making method under triangular picture linguistic fuzzy environment and construct a descriptive example of investment problem. We conclude from the comparison and sensitive analysis that the proposed decision making method is more effective and reliable than other existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preterm births are among the leading causes of fetomaternal mortality and morbidity. Progesterone is routinely used for the treatment of preterm births but scarce data is available that compared the efficacy of oral progesterone (dydrogesterone) with micronized progesterone (cyclogest pessary/rectal) to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm births in our local population. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Gynaecology and Obstetrics department of Combined Military Hospital Nowshera from June to November 2018. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was given oral progesterone (10 mg twice daily) while group B was given cyclogest pessary (400 mg daily) per rectal use. Efficacy of both groups was compared applying chi-square test and p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 152 patients were included in study with 1:1 randomization (76 patients in each group). Mean gestational age was 29.6 weeks±1.5SD. Micronized progesterone cyclogest pessary per rectal usage is associated with reduction in preterm C-section, maternal systemic side effects., tocolysis use, NICU admissions, perinatal mortality, intraventricular haemorrhage, oxygen use at 28th day of life and retinopathy of prematurity (p<0.05). An insignificant association between two interventional groups and reason for delivery, antenatal corticosteroids use, birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, sepsis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Prophylactic micronized progesterone per-rectal use is more effective in reducing preterm birth in patients at high risk of prematurity as compare to oral progesterone (dydrogesterone). Cyclogest pessary 400mg per rectal usage is associated with less maternal and neonatal complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was based on investigating the concentration of heavy metals in Parthenium hysterophorus sampled from the polluted locations of District Mardan and Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2015 in split plot design to ascertain its potential of heavy metal uptake and bioremediation of polluted soils. Samples of P. hysterophorus were collected from different Industrial, Agricultural and Dumping sites and were analyzed in the Soil and Environmental Sciences Laboratory at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. The higher Cu content was observed in parthenium leaves (2.7 g/kg) while the lowest content was recorded in roots (2.4 g/kg). Highest Cu content was found in the industrial site (5.1g/kg), while the lowest observed in agriculture site. Highest Fe contents were observed in the stem (42.9 g/kg) and lowest were recorded in leaves (11.6 g/kg). The highest Fe content was found in dumping sites (38.3 g/kg) while lowest in agriculture sites (26.2 g/kg). Similarly the Highest Pb content was observed in stem (145 g/kg) while lowest in leaves (12.5 g/kg). High Pb amount was found in dumping site while lowest in agricultural site. Highest Ni content was observed in the stem (42.9 g/kg) while the lowest Ni content was recorded in leaves (11.4 g/kg). Similarly, High Ni amount was found in dumping site (39.2 g/kg) while lower in agricultural site (18.9 g/kg). Higher Cd contents were observed in the stem (42.9 g/kg) while the lowest in leaves (11.4 g/kg). Amongst sites, highest Cd amount was found in dumping site (39.2 g/kg) while lower in the agriculture site (18.9 g/kg). From the present study it is concluded that that dumping sites were more polluted in heavy metals as compared to industrial sites and the P. hysterophorus growing in highly polluted environments showed the ability of higher uptake and accumulation of different heavy metals in its different parts. This study, therefore, concluded that P. hysterophorus could be an option for bioremediation of highly polluted environments. These results need further confirmation of its potential of bioremediation by specifically growing it in pots with different heavy metal concentrations under contrrolled conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is aimed at finding out the relationship between social adjustments and self-efficacy of university students. The population of the study comprises all the BS program students studying in different departments of university of Sargodha. Students selected through multistage random sampling were 550. Research scales i.e. Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were adapted with permission to measure the selfefficacy and social adjustment of the students. Both the instruments were made bilingual (in English and Urdu) for clear comprehension of the students and better responses. Pilot testing was carried out with respect to 100 students and reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha values for GSES, and SACQ were 0.70, and 0.90 respectively. The study is cross-sectional survey. Data analysed through frequencies, percentages and means were used to explore the social adjustment of students. T-test, one-way ANOVA was used to compare students' social adjustment with respect to their demographic variables, and self-efficacy. The study led to the following major findings: majority of students have moderate social adjustment; male students had better social adjustment than female students; majority of the students--boarders, day scholars, urban, and rural had moderate and equivalent level social adjustment. Furthermore, students of 8th semester have better social adjustment than 2nd semester students and students with high self-efficacy have better social adjustments. Thus, it was recommended that guidance and counselling facilities regarding the value of university education be provided to students to motivate them to use study time efficiently at the university as well home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout history, various civilizations developed methodologies for the collection and disposal of human waste. The methodologies throughout the centuries have been characterized by technological peaks on the one hand, and by the disappearance of the technologies and their reappearance on the other. The purpose of this article is to trace the development of sewage collection and transport with an emphasis on toilets in ancient civilizations. Evolution of the major achievements in the scientific fields of sanitation with emphasis on the lavatory (or toilets) technologies through the centuries up to the present are presented. Valuable insights into ancient wastewater technologies and management with their apparent characteristics of durability, adaptability to the environment, and sustainability are provided. Gradual steps improved the engineering results until the establishment of the contemporary toilet system, which provides a combined solution for flushing, odor control, and the sanitation of sewerage. Even though the lack of proper toilet facilities for a great percentage of the present day global population is an embarrassing fact, the worldwide efforts through millennia for the acquisition of a well-engineered toilet were connected to the cultural level of each period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5-Nitroimidazole derivatives 2-8 were synthesized from secnidazole. The syntheses were accomplished in two steps which start from the oxidation of secnidazole to the secnidazolone 1. Secnidazolone 1 was converted into its hydrazone derivative 2-8 by treating with different substituted acid hydrazide. Compounds 2-8 were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, compounds 3 and 4 showed the significant activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, however, compound 2 showed good inhibitions against Corynebacterium diphtheria when compared with the standard. Compound 3 showed good inhibitory potential against tested Gram-negative bacterial strains i.e. Enterobacter aerogene, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella flexeneri and Vibrio choleriae. All synthetic derivatives were also tested against eight fungal stains, however, they were weekly active against Aspergillus flavus and Candida albican. The synthesized compounds were characterized by different spectroscopy techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the heat transfer of a third grade uid be-tween two heated parallel plates for two models: constant viscosity model and Reynold's model. In both cases the nonlinear energy and momen-tum equations have been solved by HAM. The graphs for the velocity and temperature profiles are plotted and discussed for various values of the emerging parameters in the problem. The main effect is governed by whether or not the uid is non-Newtonian and the temperature effects are being referred to have a less dominant role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel 2-thio substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of santonic acid (13-18) were synthesized. The synthesis of these derivatives was comprised of six steps which start from the basic hydrolysis of α-santonin 1 to the santoninic acid 2 followed by in situ rearrangement of 2 into santonic acid 3. Santonic acid 3 was then converted into its acyl imidazole derivative 4 followed by hydrazinolysis to give santonic carbohydrazide 5 which was further converted into santonic-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol 6. Santonic-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol 6 was alkylated to afford 2-thio substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of santonic acid (13-18). All the synthetic steps were carried out under microwave irradiation in controlled parameters. Compounds 13-18 along with intervening intermediates 5 and 6 were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. Compound 14 showed appreciably good activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. On the other hand compounds 6 and 17 demonstrated good activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella flexeneri, respectively. Compound 6 showed good antifungal activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by different spectroscopy techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven maize varieties with a local standard check at the Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, during spring 2011. Maize varieties tested were Islamabad Gold, Kisan, Sadaf, Sarhad White, Sahiwal-2002, Islamabad White, Agaiti-2002 and local check Azam. The results revealed that local check Azam was earlier in days to 50% pollen shedding and silking (60.33 and 62.66 days) than other varieties including Sadaf and Islamabad White. Highest plant height was measured in Sahiwal-2002 (198.3cm) and lowest in Islamabad White (163.33cm) whereas highest ear height was found in Sadaf (101cm) and lowest (75cm) in Agaiti-2002. Nonsignificant differences were noted for number of ears per hectare. Islamabad White had maximum (31.23%) moisture contents in grain at harvest as compare to Islamabad Gold (26.16%). Maximum grain yield (5943 kg ha-1]) was recorded in Sahiwal-2002 while Sarhad White produced maximum biological yield (23380 kg ha-1). Variety Sahiwal-2002 showed the highest percentage of harvest index (32.37%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibiotic prescriptions have been on the increase worldwide, leading to increased antibiotic resistance. Inappropriate use of antibiotics has been blamed on lack of education and continuing professional development, and also on patient demand even when they are not required. This study was carried out to find out the pattern of prescriptions by Swedish dentists using data provided by pharmaceutical industry. The data shows that although the number of prescriptions is on the increase in Sweden, dentists still prefer to use conventional antibiotics such as Penicillin V for the treatment of oral diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Biotransformation offers chemo enzymatic system to modify the compounds into their novel analogues which are difficult to synthesize by chemical methods. This paper describes the biotransformational studies of ambrox, one of the most important components of natural Ambergris (wale sperm) with fungal and plant cell culture. Results: Biotransformation of (-)-ambrox (1) with a fungal cell culture of Macrophomina phaseolina and a plant cell suspension cultures of Peganum harmala yielded oxygenated products, 3β-hydroxyambrox (2), 6β-hydroxyambrox (3), 1α-hydroxy-3oxoambrox (4), 1α,3β-dihydroxyambrox (5), 13,14,15,16-tetranorlabdane-3-oxo-8,12-diol (6), 3-oxoambrox (7), 2α-hydroxyambrox (8), 3β-hydroxysclareolide (9), and 2α,3β-dihydroxyambrox (10). Metabolite 4 was found to be new compound. These metabolites were structurally characterized on the basis of spectroscopic studies. Conclusion: Nine oxygenated metabolites of (-)-ambrox (1) were obtained from Macrophomina phaseolina and Peganum harmala. Enzymatic system of screened organisms introduced hydroxyl and keto functionalities at various positions of compound 1 in a stereo- and regio-controlled manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of biofertilizer on wheat variety Zardana production at four locations of Balochistan. Biofertilizer (Azospirillum Al-Q + N 45 kg ha-1, P25O 30 kg ha-1) was used to substitute for half of the Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application rates as compared to a high fertilizer treatment (N 90 kgha-1, P2O5 60 kgha-1). The high mineral fertilizer and biofertilizer + half mineral fertilizer treatments were compared with a control treatment (no fertilizer). Significant grain yield were measured at all sites, although, at all sites both fertilizer treatments apparently out yielded the control and the biofertilizer + half mineral fertilizer treatment out yielded the high fertilizer treatment by 220-1180 kgha-1. Fresh yields differed significantly at all sites. At Mastung field, both fertilizer treatments out yielded the control by 3000 kgha-1 and at Quetta (Aghbarg field-2) the biofertilizer + half mineral fertilizer treatment out yielded the others by over 3000 kgha-1. The results proved that the application of biofertilizer in combination with N 45kgha-1 and P2O5 30 kgha-1 increased fresh yield from 11% to 59% and suggested increases in grain yield of 20-46% as compared with control treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To boost the yield per unit area, continuous release of high yielding and widely adapted wheat varieties resistant to both biotic and abiotic stresses is the key factor. With this in view, a new wheat variety "Hshim-8" was developed at the Agricultural Research institute, Dera Ismail Khan in 2008. This variety was selected from wheat observation nursery (WON) received from ICARDA during the year 1997-1998 and was evaluated under the name of DN-44. Hashim-8 was released after 10 years of vigorous research and experiments at different research stations and farmer's fields coordinated by National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Islamabad. Preliminary and advance yield trials showed outstanding performance of DN-44 (Hashim-8) across domains containing a number of international entries and local approved varieties grown as check. This variety out yielded in national uniform wheat yield trials (NUWYT) for two successive years in Pakistan. It ranked 3rd during 2004-2005 and 1st during 2005-2006 across the country including Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It is early maturing, high yielding, disease resistant, heat and drought tolerant wheat variety best suited under the agro-ecology of Dera Ismail Khan. It falls under acceptable Relative Resistance Index (RRI) for yellow rust (YR) at various locations. The Provincial Seed Council (PSC), KPK approved this variety in 2009 for general cultivation in rainfed areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biotransformation of dydrogesterone (1) by using cell suspension cultures of Azadirachta indica yielded a metabolite 20R-hydroxy-9β,10α-pregna-4,6-diene-3-one (2). The structure of this compound was deduced on the basis of various spectroscopic techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semi-hardwood cuttings of olive (Olea europea) variety Coratina with 2-4 leaves and 15-18 cm in length were obtained from existing progeny in an orchard of Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC), Quetta, Pakistan. The basal portion of these cuttings were treated with 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm IBA solution for 3-4 seconds. The treated cuttings were immediately planted in polyethylene tubes (10 cm x 20 cm) filled with a sandy loam soil. In the control, the cuttings were planted directly in polyethylene bags without IBA application. Plants were kept in a shade house and humidity was increased manually by hand sprinkling (four times in a day). Highest rooting percentage (60%) was obtained in the cuttings treated with 3000 ppm. The maximum average number of roots per cutting (4.443) and average root length (5.687 cm) were recorded with 4000 ppm IBA treatment. Percentage of rooted cuttings decreased with increased IBA concentration, whereas, number of roots and root length increased with increased IBA concentration. It was concluded that to obtain the most roots per cutting and the longest root length, application of 4000 ppm IBA was the best and to obtain the most number of rooted cuttings, application of 3000 ppm IBA was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology and clot formation is crucial in patients with atrial tachycardia to guide management decisions and prevent thromboembolic events. This retrospective cohort study compared the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in detecting LAA morphology and determinants of clot formation. A total of 1,236 patients with atrial tachycardia were included in the analysis. Baseline demographic characteristics, comorbidities, types of atrial arrhythmias, and LAA morphology were collected. The presence or absence of an LAA clot was also assessed. The diagnostic performance of CT and TEE was compared using sensitivity, specificity, and p-values. The baseline characteristics of the study population revealed a diverse distribution in age, sex, comorbidities, and types of atrial arrhythmias. Regarding LAA morphology, there were no significant differences between CT and TEE in identifying specific morphological categories. However, CT demonstrated higher sensitivity (89.2%) and specificity (95.8%) in detecting LAA clots compared to TEE (sensitivity 85.4% and specificity 92.6%). The p-value for LAA clot detection showed a statistically significant difference between CT and TEE (p = 0.019). CT and TEE exhibited comparable performance in identifying various LAA morphologies; however, CT showed superior sensitivity and specificity in detecting LAA clot formation compared to TEE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the one-year outcomes of anterior–posterior (AP) and anterior—lateral (AL) methods of cardioversion for atrial fibrillation (AF). A total of 2168 patients were included, with 1125 patients in the AP cardioversion group (Group 1) and 1043 patients in the AL cardioversion group (Group 2). Baseline characteristics, primary and secondary outcomes, safety outcomes, and logistic regression predictors of sinus rhythm were analyzed. The results showed comparable rates of maintaining sinus rhythm at the one-year follow-up between the two groups (65.8% in Group 1 vs. 65.7% in Group 2, p = 0.042). There were no significant differences in the incidence of AF recurrence or safety outcomes between the groups. Logistic regression analysis identified the duration of AF and the presence of coronary artery disease as significant predictors of sinus rhythm maintenance. Additionally, the use of the AL method was associated with a higher likelihood of AF recurrence compared to the AP method (p = 0.043). These findings suggest that both the AP and AL methods of cardioversion are effective in achieving and maintaining sinus rhythm in AF patients. The duration of AF and the presence of coronary artery disease should be considered when selecting the cardioversion approach. These results contribute to the understanding of optimal treatment strategies for AF and support personalized management decisions based on individual patient characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controlling the grain growth of ceramic powders is an interesting technological development. Due to the large aspect ratio, the packing of ceramic nanoplates during sintering may significantly improve the microstructure, which induces higher mechanical performance. In the present work, we successfully fabricated the Al 2 O 3 nanoplates by colloidal processing using graphene oxide (GO) as a template. Al 2 (SO 4) 3.18H 2 O was used as raw materials to deposit amorphous alumina on the GO surface. The phase transformation behavior of Al 2 O 3 nanoplates was evaluated at different temperatures. The thermally stable α ˗Al 2 O 3 nanoplates showed limited grain growth after spark plasma sintering (SPS) compared to Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The refined microstructure of α ˗Al 2 O 3 nanoplates derived alumina ceramic induced higher flexural strength and toughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a human coronaviruses that emerged in China at Wuhan city, Hubei province during December 2019. Subsequently, SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide and caused millions of deaths around the globe. Several compounds and vaccines have been proposed to tackle this crisis. Novel recommended in silico approaches have been commonly used to screen for specific SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors of different types. Herein, the phytochemicals of Pakistani medicinal plants (especially Artemisia annua) were virtually screened to identify potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease enzyme. The X-ray crystal structure of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 with an N3 inhibitor was obtained from the protein data bank while A. annua phytochemicals were retrieved from different drug databases. The docking technique was carried out to assess the binding efficacy of the retrieved phytochemicals; the docking results revealed that several phytochemicals have potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease enzyme. Among the total docked compounds, the top-10 docked complexes were considered for further study and evaluated for their physiochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. The top-3 docked complexes with the best binding energies were as follows: the top-1 docked complex with a −7 kcal/mol binding energy score, the top-2 docked complex with a −6.9 kcal/mol binding energy score, and the top-3 docked complex with a −6.8 kcal/mol binding energy score. These complexes were subjected to a molecular dynamic simulation analysis for further validation to check the dynamic behavior of the selected top-complexes. During the whole simulation time, no major changes were observed in the docked complexes, which indicated complex stability. Additionally, the free binding energies for the selected docked complexes were also estimated via the MM-GB/PBSA approach, and the results revealed that the total delta energies of MMGBSA were −24.23 kcal/mol, −26.38 kcal/mol, and −25 kcal/mol for top-1, top-2, and top-3, respectively. MMPBSA calculated the delta total energy as −17.23 kcal/mol (top-1 complex), −24.75 kcal/mol (top-2 complex), and −24.86 kcal/mol (top-3 complex). This study explored in silico screened phytochemicals against the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 virus; however, the findings require an experimentally based study to further validate the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioblastoma multiforme is a serious and life-threatening tumor of central nervous system, characterized by aggressive behavior, poor prognosis, and low survival rate. Despite of the availability of aggressive antitumor therapeutic regimen for glioblastoma (radiotherapy followed by chemotherapeutic dose), recovery rate, and patients' survival ratio is attributed to the lack of selectivity of therapeutic drugs and less advancement in cancer therapeutics over last decade. Moreover, tools employed in conventional diagnosis of glioblastoma are more invasive and painful, making the process excruciating for the patients. These challenges urge for the need of novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction purpose with less invasiveness and more patient compliance. This article will explore the genetic biomarkers isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, MGMT mutations, and EGFR that can be deployed as an analytical tool in diagnosis of disease and prognosis of a therapeutic course. The review also highlights the importance of employing novel microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers. Recent clinical advancements to treat GBM and to prevent relapse of the disease are also discussed in this article in the hope of finding a robust and effective method to treat GBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dehydroepiandrosterone ( 1) was incubated with a cell suspension culture of Codiaeum variegatum for biotransformational studies. After 10 days of incubation, four metabolites, 5 α-androstane-3,17-dione ( 2), 5 β-androstane-3,17-dione ( 3), androst-4-ene-3,17-dione ( 4), and 17 β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one ( 5), were obtained. The structures of these biotransformed products were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Biotransformation using a cell suspension culture of Codiaeum variegatum provides an effective and convenient method to oxidize the 3 β-hydroxy group in 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional groups of common feedstock chemicals have been used efficiently as directing groups for sustainable manganese-catalyzed C H bond functionalization reactions. This approach is successfully applied in developing C H addition to oxiranes, imines, olefins, allylic electrophiles, azides, aldehydes and isocyanates via C C and C N bonds formation. In some cases reaction cascades resulting in annulated products have also been observed. [Display omitted] Weakly coordinating functional groups such as keto and ester of common feedstock chemicals have been used efficiently as directing groups for sustainable manganese-catalyzed C H bond functionalization reactions. This approach is successfully applied in developing C H addition to oxiranes, imines, olefins, allylic electrophiles, azides, aldehydes and isocyanates via C C and C N bonds formation. In some cases reaction cascades resulting in annulated products have also been observed. In this perspective we summarizes on the current developments in organometallic manganese-catalyzed C H functionalizations driven via weak coordination and have pointed out challenges/opportunities for future catalytic improvements. The mechanistic studies done so far on this emerging topic of manganese catalysis have revealed low valent (0 and +1) manganese complexes more efficient for these transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its severity among HCWs, amid the COVID pandemic in a tertiary care setting. Study Design: Cross sectional analytic study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from May to Aug 22. Methodology: The study was conducted on 173 healthcare workers of a tertiary care hospital. The sample size was calculated using the Rao-soft calculator. Validated questionnaires such as the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and PTSD Checklist Civilian Version (PCL-C) were used to collect the data. Data was entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: Out of 173 participants, majority of participants 90(52%) were male and single 103(63%). Mean age of the participating HCWs was 27(SD= 2.3). HCWs performing duties the in COVID-19 ward for one year were 66(38.2%) and majority were from Emergency medicine 61(35.3). Almost 150(86.71%) of HCWs did not experiencing any PTSD symptoms and those exhibiting a higher severity of symptoms were only 5(2.9%). There was no statistically significant difference in total and sub scales mean scores of IES-R among males and females (p=0.28). Conclusions: Our study concluded that prevalence of symptoms of PTSD was significantly low in Health Care Workers despite of the fact, majority of doctor participants were working in COVID-19 ward for one year. The symptoms were evident among healthcare professionals, however there was modest severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]