44,507 results on '"Kenney A"'
Search Results
152. Site Visit Standards Revisited: A Framework for Implementation
- Author
-
Kenney, Rachael R., Haverhals, Leah M., Stryczek, Krysttel C., Fehling, Kelty B., and Ball, Sherry L.
- Abstract
Site visits are common in evaluation plans but there is a dearth of guidance about how to conduct them. This paper revisits site visit standards published by Michael Patton in 2017 and proposes a framework for evaluative site visits. We retrospectively examined documents from a series of site visits for examples of Patton's standards. Through this process, we identified additional standards and organized them into four categories and fourteen standards that can guide evaluation site visits: team competencies and knowledge (interpersonal competence, cultural humility, evaluation competence, methodological competence, subject matter knowledge, site specific knowledge), planning and coordination (project design, resources, data management), engagement (team engagement, sponsor engagement, site engagement), and confounding factors (neutrality, credibility). In the paper, we provide definitions and examples from the case of meeting, and missing, the standards. We encourage others to apply the framework in their contexts and continue the discussion around evaluative site visits.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
153. mRNA-delivery of IDO1 suppresses T cell-mediated autoimmunity
- Author
-
Laurie L. Kenney, Rebecca Suet-Yan Chiu, Michelle N. Dutra, Alexandra Wactor, Chris Honan, Lukas Shelerud, Joshua J. Corrigan, Kelly Yu, Joseph D. Ferrari, Kate L. Jeffrey, Eric Huang, and Paul L. Stein
- Subjects
T cells ,IDO1 ,tryptophan ,kynurenine pathway ,autoimmunity ,EAE ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Summary: Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)1 degrades tryptophan, obtained through dietary intake, into immunoregulatory metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Deficiency or blockade of IDO1 results in the enhancement of autoimmune severity in rodent models and increased susceptibility to developing autoimmunity in humans. Despite this, therapeutic modalities that leverage IDO1 for the treatment of autoimmunity remain limited. Here, we use messenger (m)RNA formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver a human IDO1 variant containing the myristoylation site of Src to anchor the protein to the inner face of the plasma membrane. This membrane-anchored IDO1 has increased protein production, leading to increased metabolite changes, and ultimately ameliorates disease in three models of T cell-mediated autoimmunity: experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), rat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). The efficacy of IDO1 is correlated with hepatic expression and systemic tryptophan depletion. Thus, the delivery of membrane-anchored IDO1 by mRNA suppresses the immune response in several well-characterized models of autoimmunity.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
154. Platelet aggregation response to cyclooxygenase inhibition and thromboxane receptor antagonism using impedance aggregometry: A pilot study
- Author
-
Auni C. Williams, Kat G. Fisher, Lacy M. Alexander, and W. Larry Kenney
- Subjects
aspirin ,COX inhibition ,impedance aggregometry ,platelet aggregation ,thromboxane receptor inhibition ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract Impedance aggregometry is an alternative to light transmission aggregometry that allows analysis of platelet function in whole blood samples. We hypothesized (1) impedance aggregometry would produce repeatable results, (2) inhibition of cyclooxygenase with aspirin would attenuate aggregation responses to collagen and abolish the aggregation response to arachidonic acid (AA), and (3) thromboxane receptor antagonism (terutroban) would attenuate the aggregation response to AA. Venous blood was obtained from 11 participants three times separated by at least 2 weeks. One sample followed 7‐day‐aspirin intervention (81 mg once daily; ASA), the others no intervention (control). Aggregation was induced using 1 μg/mL collagen ([col 1]), 5 μg/mL collagen ([col 5]), and 50 mM AA via impedance aggregometry to determine total aggregation (AUC) analyzed for intra‐test repeatability, inter‐test repeatability, intervention (ASA or control), and incubation (saline or terutroban). [col 1] showed high intra‐test (p ≤ 0.03 visit 1 and 2) and inter‐test repeatability (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
155. Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections
- Author
-
Megha Jagannathan, Tamara Jordan, Daniel Kinsey, Rachel Kenney, Michael Veve, Geehan Suleyman, and Anita Shallal
- Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes) is an important human pathogen that can cause life-threatening invasive disease, ranging from skin/soft tissue infections to infective endocarditis. In the fall of 2022, the Center for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) issued an alert due to a global increase in invasive GAS infections, particularly among children and adults with co-morbidities. An increase in invasive disease was observed at our five-hospital healthcare system in Southeast Michigan. The objective of this study was to describe characteristics of patients with invasive GAS and characterize treatment and outcomes of disease. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients from June 2013 to August 2023 with positive blood cultures for GAS. Patients were identified using a data query for positive blood cultures for GAS through Microsoft SQL Server. Patients with age < 1 8 years, polymicrobial bacteremia, incomplete data, or who were enrolled in hospice and/or died within 48-hours of admission were excluded. Collected variables included: demographics, infection characteristics (syndrome, duration of bacteremia), microbiological characteristics (antimicrobial susceptibility testing; AST), antimicrobial treatment (empiric and final, antitoxin therapy), and clinical outcomes (length of hospital stay [LOS], treatment-associated adverse events, 30-day mortality and infection-related readmission). Results: 250 patients were included (Table 1). More than half were male with median age of 57.5 years. Diabetes mellitus (38%) and chronic kidney disease (23%) were common comorbidities [Table 1]. Persons experiencing homelessness and persons who use injection drugs accounted for 9% and 13% of the cases, respectively. The most common infective syndrome accompanying bacteremia was cellulitis (57%). The majority of patients received vancomycin for empiric therapy (81%) and penicillin (38%) or cephalosporin (36%) for final regimen [Table 2]. A total of 79 GAS isolates (32%) were clindamycin resistant. Clindamycin was included in the empiric regimen of 20 (8%) patients, the final regimen in 44 (18%) of patients, and as antitoxin adjunct therapy in 135 (54%) of patients. A third (33%) of patients received no antitoxin. The average duration of antitoxin therapy was 3.6 days and antimicrobial therapy 19.9 days. The mean LOS was 11.4 days (Table 3). Thirty nine (16%) patients had treatment failure and 8 (3%) experienced C. difficile infection within 30 days of antimicrobial treatment. Thirty-day mortality was 11%; of these, 9% had in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: Invasive GAS infection confers significant morbidity and mortality, and ongoing research is needed to determine the best treatment regimens in the era of increasing clindamycin resistance.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
156. Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile infection in chronic kidney disease patients
- Author
-
Anita Shallal, Clare Shanahan, Abigail Ruby, Eman Chami, Rachel Kenney, and Geehan Suleyman
- Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: Hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI), reported as laboratory-identified (LabID) event, is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and is associated with prolonged length of hospitalization and more severe disease. CKD patients are at increased of developing CDI due to frequent antimicrobial and healthcare exposures. The objective of this study was to assess recent trends of HO-CDI in patients on a nephrology unit at our academic, tertiary care institution. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with HO-CDI who were hospitalized on a nephrology unit between January 2021 to December 2023. Collected variables included: demographic data, characterization of HO-CDI risk factors, infection and diagnosis (including prior history of CDI, toxin versus nucleic acid amplification test [NAAT] positivity, number of loose stools), CDI rate (defined as CDI count/patient days x1000), standardized antimicrobial administration ratio (SAAR) for high-risk for CDI antimicrobials (defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network), and infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, including hand hygiene audit rates. Results: A total of 30 HO-CDI infections were reported on the nephrology unit [Table], with 8 occurring in 2021, 5 in 2022, and 17 in 2023. The median age of patients was 70.8 (range: 37-96) years, and most patients (57%) were female. The majority of patients were admitted from home (73%), and two patients (7%) had a history of CDI in the last 6 months. Among the CDI cases, 60% were NAAT positive and toxin negative, and only 50% had >3 bowel movements (BM) within 24 hours prior to the positive test. Ten percent received promotility agents prior to testing. Most cases (77%) occurred when other CDI patients were on the unit. Hand hygiene compliance rates averaged 81% over the three-year period [Figure 1A]. Eight-four per cent of patients received antibiotics within 30 days of CDI diagnosis; SAAR was >1 for quarters 2 and 4 in 2022, and quarter 1 in 2023 [Figure 1B]. Conclusion: On our nephrology unit, patients often had < 3 BM within 24 hours of CDI diagnosis, and 60% of cases were toxin-negative, NAAT-positive, suggesting possible C. difficile colonization, rather than true infection. In addition, an elevated SAAR correlated with high CDI rates. Multicomponent interventions may be required to reduce the rates of HO-CDI in CKD patients. Opportunities include emphasis on diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship, environmental cleaning and adherence to IPC practices, including hand hygiene.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
157. Examining external control arms in oncology: A scoping review of applications to date
- Author
-
Eliya Farah, Matthew Kenney, Matthew T. Warkentin, Winson Y. Cheung, and Darren R. Brenner
- Subjects
comparative effectiveness ,external control arm ,oncology ,randomized control trial ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating the comparative efficacy and safety of new cancer therapies. However, enrolling patients in control arms of clinical trials can be challenging for rare cancers, particularly in the context of precision oncology and targeted therapies. External Control Arms (ECAs) are a potential solution to address these challenges in clinical research design. We conducted a scoping review to explore the use of ECAs in oncology. Methods We systematically searched four databases, namely MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. We screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for eligible articles focusing on patients undergoing therapy for cancer, employing ECAs, and reporting clinical outcomes. Results Of the 629 articles screened, 23 were included in this review. The earliest included studies were published in 1996, while most studies were published in the past 5 years. 44% (10/23) of ECAs were employed in blood‐related cancer studies. Geographically, 30% (7/23) of studies were conducted in the United States, 22% (5/23) in Japan, and 9% (2/23) in South Korea. The primary data sources used to construct the ECAs involved pooled data from previous trials (35%, 8/23), administrative health databases (17%, 4/23) and electronic medical records (17%, 4/23). While 52% (12/23) of the studies employed methods to align treatment and ECAs characteristics, 48% (11/23) lacked explicit strategies. Conclusion ECAs offer a valuable approach in oncology research, particularly when alternative designs are not feasible. However, careful methodological planning and detailed reporting are essential for meaningful and reliable results.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
158. A psychometric analysis of the adapted historical loss scale and historical loss associated symptoms scale among native Hawaiian adults
- Author
-
Mapuana C. K. Antonio, Samantha Keaulana, Claire Townsend Ing, Madison Williams, Adrienne Dillard, Bridget Puni Kekauoha, Meghan Kenney, Sarah Momilani Marshall, Kevin Cassel, Scott Abrigo, Michelle Kauhane, and Joseph Keawe‘aimoku Kaholokula
- Subjects
historical trauma ,intergenerational trauma ,health and healing ,indigenous health ,psychometrics ,factor analysis ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ObjectivesThe Historical Loss Scale (HLS) and Historical Loss Associated Symptoms Scale (HLASS) are standardized measures that have been accepted and previously validated among North American Indigenous communities and allow researchers to measure the impact of Historical Loss. Evidence of the psychometric properties of this instrument have not been assessed for Native Hawaiians, the Indigenous peoples of Hawai‘i. The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the adapted HLS (aHLS) and HLASS for adults from multiple Hawaiian Homestead Communities throughout Hawai‘i.MethodsData are based on cross-sectional surveys administered between 2014 and 2020. The final sample included 491 Native Hawaiian adults who were predominantly female (67.3%) and between the ages of 18–90 years, who were part of the larger study entitled the Hawaiian Homestead Health Survey. Factor analyses were conducted to determine the final model structures of each scale. Reliability and correlation matrices of items are also reported.ResultsThe final factor structure of the aHLS model suggested 3 factors: (1) General loss of culture or cultural loss, (2) Intergenerational loss, and (3) Distrust and destruction of traditional foods. The final HLASS model also suggested 3 factors: (1) Depression and Anger, (2) Shame and Anxiety, and (3) Re-experiencing, fear, and avoidance.ConclusionThese findings have implications for future research, practice, and education that explores the role of Historical Loss and associated symptoms in Native Hawaiians and Indigenous communities at large. In particular, measuring historical loss and associated symptoms in Hawaiian Homestead communities paves the way for quantitative assessments of historical trauma and healing in these communities.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
159. Cyclic dynamics drive summer movement ecology of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus)
- Author
-
Hannah A. Miller, Jenilee Gobin, Melanie R. Boudreau, Liam G. Horne, Lee E. Scholl, Jacob L. Seguin, Samuel Sonnega, Charles J. Krebs, Rudy Boonstra, Alice J. Kenney, Thomas S. Jung, Stan Boutin, and Dennis L. Murray
- Subjects
breeding season ,home range ,movement ecology ,behavior ,predation risk ,boreal forest ,Evolution ,QH359-425 ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Animals exhibit dynamic movement and activity in response to environmental variation including changes in reproductive opportunities, predation risk, or food availability. Yet, it remains unclear which factors are primary in affecting animal movement, and whether the relative importance of these factors are consistent through time. We tracked snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) using GPS telemetry during eight summers spanning a hare population cycle (2015–2022) in southwestern Yukon, Canada, to determine associations between environmental variation and hare movement and home range size. Hare density varied 25-fold during the study and home range size increased markedly during low hare density, especially for males. Both sexes retained similar core space use and linearity of movements, but at low densities males had greater and more variable movement rates and time spent travelling. Trail cameras revealed that annual changes in hare movement were also correlated with relative abundance of lynx (Lynx canadensis) and coyotes (Canis latrans). However, hare detection rates within a season were not closely associated with seasonal variation in predator detection. Observed differences between male and female hares in some metrics highlighted that different life histories and reproductive behavior are likely the main drivers of hare movement dynamics. Therefore, fitness rewards associated with successful mate search and reproduction appear to outweigh risks associated with increased movement, even in highly variable environments where costs of prioritizing reproduction-related activities are notably high and variable.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
160. Novel Valence Transition in Elemental Metal Europium around 80 GPa
- Author
-
Chen, Bijuan, Tian, Mingfeng, Zhang, Jurong, Li, Bing, Xiao, Yuming, Chow, Paul, Kenney-Benson, Curtis, Deng, Hongshan, Zhang, Jianbo, Sereika, Raimundas, Yin, Xia, Wang, Dong, Hong, Xinguo, Jin, Changqing, Bi, Yan, Liu, Hanyu, Liu, Haifeng, Li, Jun, Jin, Ke, Wu, Qiang, Chang, Jun, Ding, Yang, and Mao, Ho-kwang
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
Valence transition could induce structural, insulator-metal, nonmagnetic-magnetic and superconducting transitions in rare-earth metals and compounds, while the underlying physics remains unclear due to the complex interaction of localized 4f electrons as well as their coupling with itinerant electrons. The valence transition in the elemental metal europium (Eu) still has remained as a matter of debate. Using resonant x-ray emission scattering and x-ray diffraction, we pressurize the states of 4f electrons in Eu and study its valence and structure transitions up to 160 GPa. We provide compelling evidence for a valence transition around 80 GPa, which coincides with a structural transition from a monoclinic (C2/c) to an orthorhombic phase (Pnma). We show that the valence transition occurs when the pressure-dependent energy gap between 4f and 5d electrons approaches the Coulomb interaction. Our discovery is critical for understanding the electrodynamics of Eu, including magnetism and high-pressure superconductivity.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
161. Novel magnetic ordering in LiYbO2 probed by muon spin relaxation
- Author
-
Kenney, Eric M., Bordelon, Mitchell M., Wang, Chennan, Luetkens, Hubertus, Wilson, Stephen D., and Graf, Michael J.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The stretched diamond lattice material LiYbO2 has recently been reported to exhibit two magnetic transitions ($T_{N1} = 1.1 K$, $T_{N2} = 0.45 K$) via specific heat, magnetization, and neutron scattering measurements [Bordelon et al., Phys. Rev. B 103, 014420 (2021)]. Here we report complementary magnetic measurements down to T = 0.28 K via the local probe technique of muon spin relaxation. While we observe a rapid increase in the zero-field muon depolarization rate at $T_{N1}$, we do not observe any spontaneous muon precession for $T < T_{N1}$, which is typically associated with long-range magnetic ordering. The depolarization rate in the ordered state shows a surprising sensitivity to magnetic fields applied along the initial spin polarization direction. Using a simple one-dimensional model, we show that these results are consistent with the unusual random-phase bipartite incommensurate magnetic structure proposed by Bordelon et al. for the intermediate temperature range $T_{N2} < T < T_{N1}$. We also find evidence for temperature-independent magnetic fluctuations persisting to our lowest temperatures, but no obvious signature of the transition or spontaneous muon precession at and below TN2, respectively. This result is suggestive of quantum dynamics within a highly degenerate ground state.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
162. Evolutionary shift detection with ensemble variable selection
- Author
-
Zhang, Wensha, Kenney, Toby, and Ho, Lam Si Tung
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution ,Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
1. Abrupt environmental changes can lead to evolutionary shifts in trait evolution. Identifying these shifts is an important step in understanding the evolutionary history of phenotypes. 2. We propose an ensemble variable selection method (R package ELPASO) for the evolutionary shift detection task and compare it with existing methods (R packages l1ou and PhylogeneticEM) under several scenarios. 3. The performances of methods are highly dependent on the selection criterion. When the signal sizes are small, the methods using the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) have better performances. And when the signal sizes are large enough, the methods using the phylogenetic Bayesian information criterion (pBIC) (Khabbazian et al., 2016) have better performance. Moreover, the performance is heavily impacted by measurement error and tree reconstruction error. 4. Ensemble method + pBIC tends to perform less conservatively than l1ou + pBIC, and Ensemble method + BIC is more conservatively than l1ou + BIC. PhylogeneticEM is even more conservative with small signal sizes and falls between l1ou + pBIC and Ensemble method + BIC with large signal sizes. The results can differ between the methods, but none clearly outperforms the others. By applying multiple methods to a single dataset, we can access the robustness of each detected shift, based on the agreement among methods.
- Published
- 2022
163. Quantified Qualitative Analysis: Rubric Development and Inter-Rater Reliability as Iterative Design
- Author
-
McCarthy, Kathryn S., Magliano, Joseph P., Snyder, Jacob O., Kenney, Elizabeth A., Newton, Natalie N., Perret, Cecile A., Knezevic, Melanie, Allen, Laura K., and McNamara, Danielle S.
- Abstract
The objective in the current paper is to examine the processes of how our research team negotiated meaning using an iterative design approach as we established, developed, and refined a rubric to capture comprehension processes and strategies evident in students' verbal protocols. The overarching project comprises multiple data sets, multiple scientists across (distant) institutions, and multiple teams of discourse analysts who are tasked with scoring over 20,000 verbal protocols (i.e., think aloud, self-explanation) collected in studies conducted in the last decade. Here, we describe the iterative modifications, negotiations, and realizations while coding our first subset comprising 7,559 individual verbal protocols. Drawing upon work in design research, we describe a process through which the research team has negotiated meaning around theory-driven codes and how this work has influenced our own ways of conceptualizing comprehension research, theory, and practice. [This paper was published in: "ICLS 2021 Proceedings," ISLS, 2021, pp. 139-146.]
- Published
- 2021
164. Estimating Young Children’s Exposure to Food and Beverage Marketing on Mobile Devices
- Author
-
Kenney, Erica L, Mozaffarian, Rebecca S, Norris, Jasmine, Fleming-Milici, Frances, and Bleich, Sara N
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
165. Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study
- Author
-
Abraham, Rachael, Ager, Arijan, Aguilar, Franchesca A., Ahmadi-Izad, Ghazal, Ahmed, Dilshad R., Alvarez, Alicarmen, Anderson, Blake, Asencios, Walter D., Atha, Mary, Beaty, Casey L., Bedi, Brahmchetna, Berry, Jasmine A., Boone, Donchel, Bower, Mary, Bremner, James D., Brent, Corbin, Brown-Smith, Ke'Ara, Bull, Rachel, Bush, Patricia A., Capo, Gustavo, Carl-Igwe, Kelechi, Chitadze, Calista, Chukwumerije, Nachi, Clyburn, Erna, Collins, Shelby, Costello, Julie, Couture, Grace, Craft, Angel, Cribbs, Sushma K., Cui, Xiangqin, Dandy, Annette, Rio, Carlos del, Jasarevic, Rijalda, Detelich, Joshua F., Dixon, Cartia, Dow, Jeanne, Doyle, D'Andrea, Elchommali, Jannah, Ibeawuchi, Carmel, Elsey, Imani, Fineman, Rebecca, Francis, Anyssa G., Franks, Nicole, Gallini, Julia, Gander, Jennifer C., Gray, Natalie, Grimes, Ash, Gutter, Evan, Han, Jenny E., Hang, Tina P., Harding, Jess, Hernandez, Liliana, Hewitt, Lauren N., Holloway, Carla, Hudgins, Alex F., Huerta, Christopher, Ifejika, Cynthia, Ingram, Ketteria D., Javia, Vidhi N., Jeter, Mykayla, Johnson, Brandi, Joseph, Yasha, Juarez, Monica, Kajan, Dana, Khalil, Lana, Kirkpatrick, Caitlin M., Kleinhenz, Dean, Kolailat, Imanii, Koumanelis, Athena, Koumanelis, Alexandra, Kozoman, Rebecca, Krishnan, Shilpa, Lainez, Jordi, Lawrence, Brianna, Lee, Matthew A., Leon, Jose D., Lew, Valerie, Lewis, Kennedy C., Litvack, Matthew, Maroney, Mara, Maier, Cheryl L., Makkaoui, Nour, Marconi, Vincent C., Martin, Christopher F., Martinez, Monica, Mbogo, Loice, McCaslin, Atuarra, McIntyre, Jerrod, Moanna, Abeer, Montoya, Miranda, Morales, Elena, Moran, Caitlin A., Morgan-Billingslea, Jan, Murray, Calista, Nelson, Roslin, Neuman, Robert B., Nguyen, Tran, Ofotokun, Ighovwerha, Ojemakinde, Elizabeth I., Ojoawo, Bukkie, Osinski, Eileen, Oviedo, Sofia, Panganiban, Bernadine, Paredes-Gaitan, Yolanda, Patzer, Rachel E., Pemu, Priscilla, Prude, Michael, Rahman, Kazi, Ramakrishnan, Grace, Rebolledo, Paulina A., Roberts, Marjorie, Robinson, Keysha, Rogers, Chantrice, Rouphael, Nadine G., Searles, Charles, Shah, Anand, Segall, Marni, Shaw, Renata M., Silva, Ruvina, Simpson, Cheryl, Simpson-Derrell, Krystal, Sirajud-Deen, Talib, Smith, Veronica E., Stringer, Andre, Stroud, Jacob, Suthar, Mehul S., Sylber, Cory, Sylvera, Ashley, Tanner, Tehquin, Teunis, Larissa J., Tolbert, Maliya, Thomas, Kodasha M., Thompson, Sierra G., Titanji, Kehmia, Toy, Christopher, Traenkner, Jessica, Truong, Alex, Unterberger, Kristen, Vaccarino, Viola, Varney, Kris, Vyas, Kartavya, Vyas, Kurt, Walker, Tiffany A., Walkow, Max, Wang, Dongli, Wesley, Tamara, Wiley, Zanthia, Wimberly, Erika, Winston, Juton R., Winter, Terra J., Wongtrakool, Cherry, Aikawa, Masanori, Alba, George A., Aung, Taing N., Baden, Lindsey, Baslet, Gaston, Bassett, Ingrid V., Bennett, Lindsey, Bhattacharyya, Shamik, Blazey-Martin, Deborah, Buring, Julie, Cagnina, Rebecca E., Chen, Li Qing, Clark, Cheryl R., Cohen, Pieter, Collier, Ai-Ris, Czeisler, Charles, Duffy, Elizabeth, Estill, Peter, Fong, Tamara, Gay, Elizabeth, Ghamloush, Maher, Ginns, Leo C., Haack, Monika, Haas, Jennifer, Hamburg, Naomi, Hauser, Kristine S., John, Janice, Jordan, Michael, Juelg, Boris D., Kanjilal, Diane G., Kim, Arthur Y., Klerman, Elizabeth B., Kobayashi, Misaki ., Kogelman, Laura, Lamas, Daniela, Levy, Bruce D., Levy-Carrick, Nomi, Lewis, Gregory, Maley, Jason H., Manson, JoAnn, Marathe, Jai G., Mullington, Janet M., O'Connor, George T., Ojikutu, Bisola, Perlis, Roy, Quintana, Yuri, Redline, Susan, Remis, Elijah J., Rosand, Jonathan, Sesso, Howard D., Shaughnessy, Lynn, Shepherd, Fitzgerald M., Solomon, Scott, Sparks, Jeffrey A., Spencer, Lia L., Stephenson, Kathryn, Systrom, David, Thomas, Robert J., Min Thu, Phyo Phyo, Ticotsky, Amberly, Torres, Robert, Wallace, Zachary S., Walt, David, Ward, Honorine D., Washko, George, Whittelsey, Maureen, Wiener, Rebecca, Williams, Charles T., Xerras, Dean, Zhang, Haihua, Zionts, Danielle, Armstrong, Donna, Binkley, Susan E., Blackwell, Kenneth, Brown, Todd, Carton, Thomas W., Causey, Annalia, Cook, Felice, Daniel, Casey L., Datri, Paula, Domingo, Julio, Donahue, Conner, Eady, Maitlyn, Edberg, Jeffrey, Erdmann, Nathaniel, Fuloria, Jyotsna, Garcia-McClaney, Noah, Garner, Melissa, Gillespie, Mark, Gray, Brandon, Hagensee, Michael, Hall, Wanda, Hansel, Jamie, Hart, Cady, Hebson, Camden L., Hidalgo, Bertha, Holtzapfel, Kaylen, Jinright, Alexis, Judd, Suzanne E., Kennedy, Teri, Kirkwood, Leigh, Leggio, Cathryn, Levitan, Emily B., Maier, Megan, McCormack, Patricia, Miele, Lucio, Mitchell, Kevin, Montgomery, Aoyjai, Peralta-Carcelen, Myriam, Perkins, Allen, Pilco, Juan P., Powell, Leigh, Shevin, Rachael, Skipworth, Sidney, Spurgeon, Leah, Sutherland, Erica, Tita, Alan T., Trauth, Amber, Trotter, Siobhan, Van Deerlin, Alexander, Ware, Gregory, Weiser, Sharon, Wilson, Rosanne, Woodruff, Dana, Wu, Jing, Young, Madeline, Alemu, Mhret, Anderson, Jordan, Ashktorab, Hassan, Brim, Hassan, Chang, Linda, Chauhan, Mahak, Cho, Sung, Durrani, Saima, Gentil, Monique P., Goodman, Karli, Laiyemo, Adeyinka O., Lanke, Gandi, Lebron, Ralph, Maheshwari, Anurag, Mehari, Alem, Nezamloo, Ali, Ngwa, Julius, Njoku, Noelle, Ok, Jina, Sherif, Zaki A., Solemani, Akbar, Thuluvath, Paul, To, Chau, Spikes, Leslie A., James, Judith A., Luciano Roman, Carlos A., Chow, Dominic C., Marshall, Gailen D., Dickinson, John D., Hoover, Susan E., Warren, David E., Emery, Ivette F., Sukhera, Fatima I., Rosen, Clifford J., Greenway, Frank L., Hodder, Sally L., Shikuma, Cecilia M., VanWagoner, Timothy M., Bardes, James M., Kirwan, John P., Wood, Jeremy P., Whiteheart, Sidney W., Shellito, Judd, Roelke, Theresa, Black, Lora, Tjarks, Brian, Fonseca, Vivian, Gupta, Shaveeta, Longo, Michele, Yang, Mei, MarGangcuangco, Louis, Bengtson, Charles, Castro, Mario, Howard, Theresa, Garvy, Beth, Simmons, Christopher, Garla, Vishnu, Kuebler, Joy, Nandi, Utsav, Vasey, Andrew, Bogie, Amanda, Scott, James, Frontera, Sigrid Perez, Bagur, Jorge Santana, Dominique-Villanueva, Daphne, Juskowich, Joy, Reece, Rebecca, Sarwari, Arif, Aponte-Soto, Lisa, Adams, Dara, Baker, Aileen, Barbera, Sunni, Basu, Sanjib, Bleasdale, Susan, Bolliger, Dawn, Boyd, Andrew D., Boyineni, Jerusha, Breiter, Taylor, Brown, Daniel, Buhimschi, Irina A., Carrithers, Michael D., Certa, Marta, Chalamalla, Rashmika, Chebrolu, Praneeth, Chestek, David, Chessier, Erica, Cook, Judith A., Cranford, Savannah, Curry, Hannah L., Darbar, Dawood, Dasgupta, Raktima, Blakley, Felicia Davis, DeLisa, Julie A., Del Rios, Marina, Diaz, Maya Z., Diviak, Kathleen R., Dixon, Jennifer, Donlon, Meghan F., Donohue, Sarah E., Dworkin, Mark S., Edmonds, Sherrie, Ellison, Angela, Everett, Emily, Flanigan, Clarie, Freedman, Michael B., Gale, Lisa, Gerald, Lynn B., Giles, Wayne H., Gordon, Howard S., Hafner, John, Hammad, Bayan, Hanson, Keith A., Harris, Pastor C., Hartwig, Kimberly, Hasek, Sharon, Hasse, Wendy, Hendrickson, Monica, Hobbs, Brianna, Hryniewicka, Martyna, Hammerl, Savannah, Hutton, Robert, Ibanez, Alejandra L., Illendula, Sai D., Ismail, Nahed, Jain, Akash, Jennette, Kyle J., Kadubek, Grace, Kent, Denise, Kotini-Shah, Pavitra, Kelly, Sara W., Kent, Denise A., Kim, Keri S., Kindred, Elijah, Klein, Jonathan D., Krishnan, Jerry A., Large, Lucia, Lash, James ., Lin, Janet Y., Lu, Jun, Mahamed, Abeer M., Maholovich, Phoebe, Malchenko, Sergey, Martinez, Miriam, Mauntel-Medici, Cammeo, Madineni, Abhigna, McCauley, Mark, Menchaca, Martha, Mermelstein, Robin, Moreno, David J., Morrissy, Liam, Muramatsu, Naoko, Musick, Hugh, Noland, Seth, Norwick, Lourdes, Novak, Richard M., Olds, Lela, Ortiz, Marilyn, Patel, Khushboo, Perez, Nicolas L., Pliskin, Neil H., Pope, Sam, Prabhakar, Bellur S., Prasad, Bharati, Predki, Barbara, Prendergast, Heather M., Quigley, John G., Ramchandran, Ramaswamy, Ramirez, Ana, Rappe, Sarah, Rehman, Jalees, Rolon, Cesar, Rowley, Matthew, Rudraraju, Gowrisree, Rutherfoord, Melissa, Sader, Samer B., Sculley, Jennifer A., Smith-Mack, Jerisha, Swearingen, Peyton, Stewart de Ramirez, Sarah A., Sudhindra, Praveen, Sun, Jun, Tartt, Nancy, Terlinde, Tracy, Thompson, Tiffany, Vanden Hoek, Terry L., Kelly, Sara Warfield, Villanueva, Laura, Welter, Hannah, Woolley, Brittany, Yazici, Cemal, Charney, Alexander W., Kovatch, Patricia, Merad, Miriam, Nadkarni, Girish N., Wisnivesky, Juan P., Aberg, Judith A., Ascolillo, Steven, Assenso, Esther, Bagiella, Emilia, Bartram, Logan, Becker, Jacqueline, Beckmann, Noam D., Bendl, Ashley, Chen, Benjamin K., Civil, Alyssa, Dhar, Kaberi, Evo-Ortega, Lorraine, Fierer, Daniel, Gallagher, Emily J., Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo, Gnjatic, Sacha, Guliyeva, Sabina, Harvey-Ingram, Lori, Herrera-Moreno, Julia, Hill, Matthew, Horowitz, Carol R., Jackson, Rachel, Kastrat, Din, Lala-Trindade, Anu, Lin, Jenny, Macaluso, Nick, Marcon, Kathryn, Meyer, Dara, Morinigo, Janice, Natelson, Benjamin H., Nussenzweig, Maya, Padua, Tiffani, Putrino, David, Quazi, Nawreen, Ramos, Michelle, Richardson, Lynne, Russo, Scott, Seifert, Alan C., Serri, Abdullah, Walker, Jordan, Yee, Michell, Adolphi, Natalie L., Alekhina, Natalya, Archuleta, David A., Barlocker, Jackson, Bateman, Lucinda, Bradfute, Steven B., Brito, Rebecca, Bryan, Tanner W., Buck, Kaitlin E., Davis, Debra, Deakyne Davies, Sara J., Decker, Lauren A., Elifritz, Jamie, Erlandson, Kristine M., Facelli, Julio C., Fudge, Harrison Z., Tran, Huong, Pitch, Chloe, Feuerriegel, Elen M., Ford, Isaac, Friedman, Naomi P., Garcia-Soberanez, Noella D., Gardner, Edward M., Stringham, Caitlyn, Ling, Leah, Gebremariam, Tewodros H., Gentry, Frederick D., Gouripeddi, Ramkiran, Graham, Paige, Gronert, Eve G., Harkins, Michelle S., Hawkins, Kellie L., Hess, Rachel, Johnny, Jace D., Johnson, Brandon M., Jolley, Sarah E., Lloyd, Jennifer, Ludwig, Katelyn R., Martinez, Noah I., McCandless, Sean A., Montoya, Lorenzo A., Oakes, Judy L., Parada, Alisha N., Quinn, Davin K., Raissy, Hengameh, Ramos, Alfredo, Reid, Kayleigh M., Reusch, Jane E., Sheehan, Elyce B., Sokol, Ron J., Treacher, Irena S., Trinity, Joel D., Truong, Dongngan T., West, Shelby C., Molden, Joie, Sharareh, Nasser, Weaver, Lisa J., Spivak, Adam M., Brown, Jeanette P., Shah, Kevin S., Pace, Laura A., Scholand, Mary Beth, Velinder, Matt, Cortez, Melissa, Morimoto, Sarah Shizuko, Vernon, Suzanne D., Lu, Yue, Owen, Megan, Hermansen, Jessica A., Lindsay, Ashton M., Donohue, Dagny K., Garg, Lohit, Wodushek, Thomas, Higgins, Janine, Lockie, Tim, Brightman, Marisa, Thurman, Brook, Powell, Jenny M., Freston, Dylan C., Medina, Juliemar C., Aguirre, Bailee, Anderson, Jeff, Bair, Tami, Bosh, Lindsay, Evans, Lorlie, Garrett, Chase, Harris, Dixie, Herrera, Katherine, Horne, Benjamin D., Juan, James, Knight, Stacey, Knowlton, Kirk, Leither, Lindsay, Maestas, Heather, May, Heidi T., Najarian, Gabriel, Woller, Scott C., Zubal, Shyanne, Jensen, McKenna M., Webb, Tiaura, Iverson, Leslie, Ayache, Mirna, Baloi, Alexis, Barnboym, Emma, Boldt, Nicholas, Bukulmez, Hulya, Chesnick, Hailey, Conrad, Ann, Consolo, Mary, Curtis, Lynette, D’anza, Brian, DiFrancesco, Kathryn, Edminston, Marissa, Eteshola, Ebenezer, Gallagher, Michelle, Gibson, Kelly S., Gordesky, Larraine, Greenwood, Carla, Haghiac, Maricela, Harris, Paul, Hernandez, Carla, Iqbal, Shirin, Kaelber, David C., Kaufman, Elizabeth S., Kennedy, Olivia, Labbato, Danielle, Lengu, Ketrin, Levert, Antonio, Levin, Jennifer, Lowenthal, Rebecca, Mackin, Bridget, Malakooti, Shahdi K., McComsey, Grace A., Minium, Judy, Mouchati, Christian, Oleson, Christine, Pearman, Ann, Hershey, Morgan, Rivera, Amanda, Rodgers, Michael, Rodgers, Theresa, Roy, Arnab, Russ, Kris, Scott, Sarah, Sheth, Niyati, Singer, Nora G., Smith, Beth, Smith, Cheryl, Stancin, Terry, Temple, Daniel, Tribout, Megan, Weinberger, Elisheva, Zhang, David, Zisis, Sokratis N., Atieh, Ornina, Yendewa, George, Baissary, Jhony, Pettinato, KImberly, Lim, Joaquin, Jacob, Joshua, Adams, Cara, Tejani, Viral, Algren, Heather A., Alicic, Radica, Baxter, Joni, Brennan, Conor, Caudill, Antonina, Chen, Peter, Chopra, Tananshi, Chu, Helen Y., Del Alcazar, James, Duven, Alexandria M., Edmark, Rick, Emerson, Sarah, Goldman, Jason D., Gutierrez, Vanessa, Hadlock, Jennifer, Harteloo, Alex, Heath, James R., Hood, Susan, Jackman, Susan, Kaneko, John, Kemp, Megan, Kim, Christina, Kuykendall, Kelli, Li, Sarah, Logue, Jennifer K., Magis, Andrew T., Manner, Paula, Mason, Carly, McCaffrey, Kathryn, McDonald, Connor, McDonald, Dylan, Murray, Kim M., Nackviseth, Callista, Nguyen, Helen, Parimon, Tanyalak, Poussier, Rachel, Rowen, Lee, Satira, Richard, Torbati, Sam, Tuttle, Katherine R., Wallick, Julie A., Yuan, Dan, Watanabe, Kino, Wilcox, Lauren E., Contreras, Fatima, Dahlke, Lea, Gudipudi, Lasya, Modes, Matthew, Muttera, Nicole, Salinas, Nancy, Tadeo, Josie, White, Shane, Alvarado, Stephanie, Anderson, Reed, Arellanes, Azaneth, Barajas, Rose A., Chauhan, Suneet P., Clarke, Geoffrey D., Farner, Cheryl E., Fischer, Melinda S., Goldberg, Mark P., Hasbani, Keren, Hastings, Gabrielyd, Heard, Patricia, Herrera, Italia, Infante, Edgar, Johnson, Hillary, Jones, Johnnie, Kellogg, Dean L., Kraig, Ellen, Longoria, Lisa, Nambiar, Anoop M., Okafor, Emeka, Paredes, Claudia C., Patterson, Thomas F., Patterson, Jan E., Pinones, Alexis, Potter, Jennifer S., Reeves, W.B., Saade, George R., Salehi, Marzieh, Scholler, Irma, Seshadri, Sudha, Shah, Dimpy P., Shah, Pankil, Sharma, Kumar, Sharma, Kavita, Soileau, Bridgette, Solis, Pamela, Stoebner, Carmen, Sullivan, Michael, Taylor, Barbara S., Tragus, Robin, Tsevat, Joel, Verduzco-Gutierrez, Monica, Ahuja, Neera, Blish, Catherine A., Blomkalns, Andra L., Bonilla, Hector, Brotherton, Richard, Clinton, Kimberly, Dingankar, Vaidehi, Geng, Linda N., Go, Minjoung, Haddad, Francois, Jagannathan, Prasanna, Jamero, Christopher, Jee, Kathryn, Jia, Xiaolin K., Khurana, Naresh, Kumar, Andre, Maldonado, Yvonne, Miglis, Mitchell G., O'Conor, Ellen, Olszewski, Kelly, Pathak, Divya, Quintero, Orlando, Scott, Jake, Singh, Upinder, Urdaneta, Alfredo E., Utz, Paul J., Varkey, Mary R., Saperia, Corey, Autry, Lynn, Bime, Christian, Borwege, Sabine, Copeland, Jacquelynn, DiLise-Russo, Marjorie, Ernst, Kacey C., Esquivel, Denise R., Fadden, Susan, Gomez, Isaias, Grischo, Garrett, Hansen, Lillian, Harris, David T., Harris, Stefanie, Hartley, William, Hernandez, Michael, Hillier, Leah, Hsu, Harvey, Hughes, Trina, Ismail, Hira, Iusim, Stephanie, James, Michelle, Kala, Mrinalini, Karnafel, Maria, Kim, Daniel, Knox, Kenneth S., Koleski, Alison, LaFleur, Bonnie, Lambert, Brenda, LaRue, Sicily, Lee-Iannotti, Joyce K., Lieberman, David, Lutrick, Karen, Merchant, Nirav, Morton, Christopher, Mosier, Jarrod M., Murthy, Ganesh, Nikolich, Janko Z., Olorunnisola, Toluwanimi, Parthasarathy, Sairam, Peralta, Jeanette, Pilling, William, Pogreba-Brown, Kristen, Reiman, Eric M., Rischard, Franz P., Ryan, Lee T., Smith, Terry, Snyder, Manuel, Soto, Francisco, Subbian, Vignesh, Suhr, Kyle, Unzek, Samuel, Vadovicky, Sheila, Velarde, Deanna, Veres, Sharry, Wilson, Cathleen, Anderson, Grace, Anglin, Khamal, Argueta, Urania, Asare, Kofi, Buitrago, Melissa, Chang Song, Celina, Clark, Alexus, Conway, Emily, Deeks, Steven G., Del Castillo, Nicole, Deswal, Monika, Durstenfeld, Matthew S., Eilkhani, Elnaz, Eun, Avery, Fehrman, Emily, Figueroa, Tony, Flores, Diana, Grebe, Halle, Henrich, Timothy J., Hoh, Rebecca, Hsue, Priscilla, Huang, Beatrice, Ibrahim, Rania, Kelly, John D., Kerbleski, Marian, Kirtikar, Raushun, Lew, Megan T., Lombardo, James, Lopez, Monica, Luna, Michael, Marquez, Carina, Martin, Jeffrey N., Munter, Sadie, Ngo, Lynn, Peluso, Michael J., Pineda-Ramirez, Jesus, Rhoads, Kim, Rodriguez, Antonio, Romero, Justin, Ryder, Dylan, So, Matthew, Somsouk, Ma, Tai, Viva, Tran, Brandon, Uy, Julian, Valdivieso, Daisy, Verma, Deepshika, Williams, Meghann, Zamora, Andhy, Newman, Lisa T., Abella, Julie, Barnette, Quinn, Bevc, Christine, Beverly, Jennifer, Ceger, Patricia, Croxford, Julie, Enger, Mike, Fain, Katie, Farris, Tonya, Hanlon, Sean, Hines, David, Johnson-Lawrence, Vicki, Jordan, Kevin, Lefebvre, Craig, Linas, Beth, Luukinen, Bryan, Mandal, Meisha, McKoy, Nikki J., Nance, Susan, Pasquarelli, Demian, Quiner, Claire, Sembajwe, Rita, Shaw, Gwendolyn, Thornburg, Vanessa, Tosco, Kendall, Wright, Hannah, Gross, Rachel S., Hochman, Judith S., Horwitz, Leora I., Katz, Stuart D., Troxel, Andrea B., Adler, Lenard, Akinbo, Precious, Almenana, Ramona, Aschalew, Malate, Balick, Lara, Bello, Ola, Bhuiyan, Sultana, Blachman, Nina, Branski, Ryan, Briscoe, Jasmine, Brosnahan, Shari, Bueler, Elliott, Burgos, Yvette, Caplin, Nina, Chaplin, Domonique, Chen, Yu, Cheng, Shen, Choe, Peter, Choi, Jess, Chung, Alicia, Church, Richard, Cobos, Stanley, Croft, Nakia, Irving, Angelique Cruz, Del Boccio, Phoebe, Díaz, Iván, Divers, Jasmin, Doshi, Vishal, Dreyer, Benard, Ebel, Samantha, Esquenazi-Karonika, Shari, Faustin, Arline, Febres, Elias, Fine, Jeffrey, Fink, Sandra, Freeland, Catherine, Frontera, Jennifer, Gallagher, Richard, Gonzalez-Duarte, Alejandra, Gross, Rachel, Hasson, Denise, Hill, Sophia, Hochman, Judith, Horwitz, Leora, Hossain, Jennifer, Islam, Shahidul, Jean, Christina Saint, Johnson, Stephen, Kansal, Neha, Katz, Stuart, Kenney, Rachel, Kershner, Tammy, Kewlani, Deepshikha, Kwak, Judy, Lamendola-Essel, Michelle F., Laury, Sarah, Laynor, Gregory, Lei, Lei, Leon, Terry, Linton, Janelle, Logan, Max, Malik, Nadia, Mamistvalova, Lia, Mandel, Hannah, Maranga, Gabrielle, Mattoo, Aprajita, Mei, Tony, Mendelsohn, Alan, Mercier, Emmanuelle, Vernetti, Patricio Millar, Miller, Marc, Mitchell, Maika, Moreira, Andre, Mudumbi, Praveen C., Nahin, Erica, Nair, Nandini, Nekulak, Joseph, Owens, Kellie, Parent, Brendan, Patibandla, Nandan, Petrov, Peter, Postelnicu, Radu, Pratt, Francesca, Randall, Isabelle, Rao, Priyatha, Rapkiewicz, Amy, Rizzo, JohnRoss, Rosas, Johana, Rose, Chelsea, Saint-Jean, Christina, Santacatterina, Michelle, Shah, Binita, Shaukat, Aasma, Simon, Naomi, Simsir, Aylin, Stinson, Miranda, Tang, Wenfei, Tatapudi, Vasishta, Thawani, Sujata, Thomas, Mary, Thorpe, Lorna, Tom, MeeLee, Treiha, Ethan, Troxel, Andrea, Truong, Jennifer, Udosen, Mmekom, Valencia, Carlos, Velazquez-Perez, Jessica, Vernetti, Patricio M., Vidal, Crystal, Viswanathan, Anand, Willerford, Amy, Williams, Natasha, Wong, Crystal, Wood, Marion J., Wuller, Shannon, Yin, Shonna H., Young, Chloe, Zaretsky, Jonah, Zavlunova, Susanna, Ahirwar, Shreya, Ahmed, Shifa, Ainsworth, Layne L., Atchley-Challenner, Rachel, Avilach, Paul, Balan, Trisha T., Benik, Nicholas, Benoit, Barbara, Bind, Marie-Abèle C., Bonaventura, William J., Boutin, Natalie, Brion, Beverly, Cagan, Andrew, Cai, Tianrun, Cao, Tingyi, Castro, Victor M., Cerretani, Xander R., Chan, James G., Cheng, David, Chibnik, Lori B., Ciriello, Mark, Costenbader, Karen, Dimitrov, Dimitar S., Estiri, Hossein, Fayad, Maria, Feldman, Candace H., Foulkes, Andrea, Gainer, Vivian, Ghosh, Bhaswati, Gollub, Randy, Guan, Zoe, Harris, Alan, Helmer, Karl, Hendrix, Andrew, Holzbach, Ana, Huang, Weixing, Karlson, Elizabeth W., Kaufman, Daniel, Keogh, Diane, Kerr, James D., Klann, Jeffrey G., Krishnamoorthy, Aparna, Lasky-Su, Jessica A., Liao, Katherine P., MacFadden, Doug, Maram, Anupama, Martel, Megan W., Mendis, Michael, Metta, Reeta, Monteiro, Jonathan, Morales, Eduardo, Morse, Richard E., Murphy, Shawn, Nazaire, Marc-Danie, Neils, Gregory, Nguyen, Amber N., Norman, James, Paik, Henry H., Pant, Deepti, Park, HeeKyong, Rabideau, Dustin J., Reeder, Harrison T., Rossi-Roh, Kathleen, Santacroce, Leah M., Schlepphorst, Katherine, Schulte, Carolin, Selvaggi, Caitlin A., Shinnick, Daniel J., Simons, William, Simpson, Lynn A., St. Jean Flanders, Mary L., Strasser, Zachary, Thakrar, Mansi R., Thaweethai, Tanayott, Thorn, Madeleine, Trewett, Philip, Van Fleet, Dustin, Wagholikar, Kavishwar B., Wang, Taowei D., Wattanasin, Nich, Weber, Griffin, Williams, Michael A., Zhang, Ren Zhe, Cicek, Mine, Chang, Nancy, Wirkus, Samantha, Zahnle, Nicole, Flotte, Thomas J., Frisch, Erika, Boysen, Erik M., Welch, Gary, Akintonwa, Teresa, Blancero, Frank, Brown, Heather-Elizabeth, Carmilani, Megan, Cerda, Marta, Clash, Victor H., Copeland, Debra, Hall, Yvonka, kevin kondo, Lerma, Lydia, Lindsay, Jacqui, Marti, Heather, Maughan, Christine, Minor, Tony, Taylor, Brittany, Vincent, Hyatt, Zissis, Mike, Anderson, Brett, Bardhan, Sujata, Castro-Baucom, Leah, Chisolm, Deena, Corchado, Claudia, Damian, April Joy, Daniel, Casey, DasGupta, Soham, Dehority, Walter, Feldman, Candace, Fessel, Josh, Rosas, Lisa Goldman, Horowitz, Carol, Khullar, Dhruv, Lopez, Keila, McDonald Pinkett, Shelly, Myaskovsky, Larissa, Regino, Lidia, St John Thomas, Gelise, Stewart de Ramirez, Sarah, Vangeepuram, Nita, Walden, Anita, Williams, Neely, Yin, Shonna, Burton, Phoebe, Catallozzi, Marina, Clark, Cheryl, Dworetzky, Beth, Edwards, Belinda, Ferrer, Robert L., Judd, Suzanne, Rothman, Russell, Wagner, Laura, Wallace, Ann, Adams, Sonseeahray (Ray), Aragon, Leyna, Bander, Bryan, Bishof, Karyn, Brooks, Gail, Carignan, Etienne, Coombs, Krista, Davis, Hannah, Blakley, Felicia D., Diggs, Marissa, Brown, Heather E., Favors, Umar, Fields, Whitney, Fisher, Liza, Fitzgerald, Megan, Gaffney, Alicia, Witvliet, Margot Gage, Garcia, Roberto, Gustafson, Tyler, Guthe, Nick, Holmes, Verna, Hornig, Mady, Hornig, Maxwell, Jefferson, Wendy, Kochis, Nancy, Kondo, Kevin, Lam, Julie, Lawrence, Fadwa, Letts, Rebecca, Lewis, Juan, Lopez, Silcia, Martinez, Thomas, McCorkell, Lisa, McGrath, Rebecca, Minor, Thomas T., Moore, Charita, Nguyen, Kian, Nichols, Lauren, O'Brien, Lisa, Olson, Holly, Peddie, Aimee, Perlowski, Alice, Lorenzo, Elizabeth P., Prentiss, Lisa, Raytselis, Nadia, Rochez, Nitza, Rockwell, Megan, Rutter, Jacqueline, Seibert, Elle, Sekar, Anisha, Smith, Chimere, Stiles, Lauren, Taylor, Emily, Thompson, Julie, Trapp, Stephen, Valdiva, Stephen, Wilensky, Rochelle, Williams, Melissa, Dawson, Kay W., Wylam, Andrew, Swank, Zoe, Borberg, Ella, Chen, Yulu, Senussi, Yasmeen, Chalise, Sujata, Manickas-Hill, Zachary, Yu, Xu G., Li, Jonathan Z., Alter, Galit, Kelly, J. Daniel, Goldberg, Sarah A., Talla, Aarthi, Li, Xiaojun, Skene, Peter, Bumol, Thomas F., Torgerson, Troy R., Czartoski, Julie L., McElrath, M. Juliana, and Walt, David R.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
166. The zoonotic LCK-3110 strain of Rocahepevirus ratti leads to mild infection in chickens after experimental inoculation
- Author
-
Yadav, Kush Kumar, Boley, Patricia A, Khatiwada, Saroj, Lee, Carolyn M, Bhandari, Menuka, Wood, Ronna, Hanson, Juliette, and Kenney, Scott P.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
167. MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases.
- Author
-
Mohtashami, Zahra, Singh, Mithalesh K, Salimiaghdam, Nasim, Ozgul, Mustafa, and Kenney, M Cristina
- Subjects
Mitochondria ,Humans ,Amino Acids ,Peptides ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,Aging ,Female ,MOTS-c ,age-related diseases ,aging ,mitochondrial derived peptides ,mitochondrial dysfunction ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Dementia ,Osteoporosis ,Brain Disorders ,Nutrition ,Alzheimer's Disease ,Obesity ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Neurodegenerative ,Underpinning research ,Aetiology ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Other Chemical Sciences ,Genetics ,Other Biological Sciences ,Chemical Physics - Abstract
MOTS-c, a 16 amino acid mitochondrial derived peptide, is encoded from the 12S rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome. Under stress conditions, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus where it regulates a wide range of genes in response to metabolic dysfunction. It is colocalized to mitochondria in various tissues and is found in plasma, but the levels decline with age. Since MOTS-c has important cellular functions as well as a possible hormonal role, it has been shown to have beneficial effects on age-related diseases including Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Osteoporosis, postmenopausal obesity and Alzheimer. Aging is characterized by gradual loss of (mitochondrial) metabolic balance, decreased muscle homeostasis and eventual diminished physical capability, which potentially can be reversed with MOTS-c treatment. This review examines the latest findings on biological effects of MOTS-c as a nuclear regulatory peptide and focuses on the role of MOTS-c in aging and age-related disorders, including mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential.
- Published
- 2022
168. Differential modulation of cancer‐related genes by mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and the STING DNA sensing system
- Author
-
Schneider, Kevin, Chwa, Marilyn, Atilano, Shari R, Nashine, Sonali, Udar, Nitin, Boyer, David S, Jazwinski, S Michal, Miceli, Michael V, Nesburn, Anthony B, Kuppermann, Baruch D, and Kenney, M Cristina
- Subjects
Biological Sciences ,Genetics ,Cancer ,Biotechnology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,cancer genes ,mitochondrial DNA haplogroups ,simulator of interferon genes ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Activation of the Simulator of Interferon Genes (STING) system by mitochondrial (mt) DNA can upregulate type 1 interferon genes and enhance immune responses to combat bacterial and viral infections. In cancers, the tumor-derived DNA activates STING leading to upregulation of IFN-beta and induction of antitumor T cells. The entire mtDNA from the cell lines was sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology with independent sequencing of both strands in both directions, allowing identification of low-frequency heteroplasmy SNPs. There were 15 heteroplasmy SNPs showing a range from 3.4% to 40.5% occurrence in the K cybrid cell lines. Three H haplogroup cybrids possessed SNP heteroplasmy that ranged from 4.39% to 30.7%. The present study used qRT-PCR to determine if cybrids of H and K haplogroups differentially regulate expression levels of five cancer genes (BRAC1, ALK, PD1, EGFR, and HER2) and seven STING subunits genes (CGAS, TBK1, IRF3, IκBa, NFκB, TRAF2, and TNFRSF19). Some cybrids underwent siRNA knockdown of STING followed by qRT-PCR in order to determine the impact of STING on gene expression. Rho0 (lacking mtDNA) ARPE-19 cells were used to determine if mtDNA is required for the expression of the cancer genes studied. Our results showed that (a) K cybrids have lower expression levels for BRAC1, ALK, PD1, EGFR, IRF3, and TNFRSF19 genes but increased transcription for IκBa and NFκB compared to H cybrids; (b) STING KD decreases expression of EGFR in both H and K cybrids, and (c) PD1 expression is negligible in Rho0 cells. Our findings suggest that the STING DNA sensing pathway may be a previously unrecognized pathway to target modulation of cancer-related genes and the PD1 expression requires the presence of mtDNA.
- Published
- 2022
169. Understanding determinants of preferences for autonomous vehicles in the global south: Private, shared, or pooled rides in Bangkok, Thailand
- Author
-
Thaithatkul, Phathinan, Chalermpong, Saksith, Kenney, Lisa, and Ratanawaraha, Apiwat
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
170. The effect of prescription and over-the-counter medications on core temperature in adults during heat stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Hospers, Lily, Dillon, Gabrielle A., McLachlan, Andrew J., Alexander, Lacy M., Kenney, W Larry, Capon, Anthony, Ebi, Kristie L., Ashworth, Edward, Jay, Ollie, and Mavros, Yorgi
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
171. Vaccination with folate receptor-alpha peptides in patients with ovarian cancer following response to platinum-based therapy: A randomized, multicenter clinical trial
- Author
-
Gupta, Aditi, O'Cearbhaill, Roisin E., Block, Matthew S., Hamilton, Erika, Konner, Jason A., Knutson, Keith L., Potts, James, Garrett, Gerald, Kenney, Richard T., and Wenham, Robert M.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
172. Prevalence and Implementation Characteristics of Weekend Food Assistance Programs in U.S. Schools
- Author
-
Poole, Mary Kathryn, Tucker, Kyla, Adams, Kate, Rimm, Eric B., Emmons, Karen M., Gortmaker, Steven L., Norris, Jasmine, and Kenney, Erica L.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
173. Messianic Ideas and Movements in Sunni Islam
- Author
-
Kenney, Jeffrey T.
- Subjects
Messianic Ideas and Movements in Sunni Islam (Nonfiction work) -- Friedmann, Yohanan ,Books -- Book reviews ,Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies - Abstract
Messianic Ideas and Movements in Sunni Islam. By YOHANAN FRIEDMANN. London: ONEWORLD ACADEMIC, 2022. Pp. xvi + 352. $70, [pounds sterling]45 (cloth). The three major monotheistic religions all recognize the [...]
- Published
- 2023
174. Ferrocenyl amino acid-linked fluoro-benzamide hybrids for multitargeted cancer therapy: Synthesis, quantum chemical computations, spectroscopic investigation and biological evaluations
- Author
-
Harikrishnan, P.S., Sudhi, Geethu, Rajina, S.R., Nimmi, D.E., Vijayan, Anu, Praveen, S.G., Xavier, T.S., Kenney, Peter T.M., and Binoy, J.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
175. Depression in the time of COVID-19: Examination of prenatal and postpartum depression, rurality, and the impact of COVID-19
- Author
-
Blocklinger, Kelsey L., Gumusoglu, Serena B., Kenney, Ashlyn S., Faudel, Alexis J., Faro, Elissa, Brandt, Debra S., Knosp, Boyd, Davis, Heather A., Hunter, Stephen K., Santillan, Mark K., and Santillan, Donna A.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
176. Ceftriaxone versus cefepime or carbapenems for definitive treatment of low-risk AmpC-Harboring Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
Mulbah, Jessica L., Kenney, Rachel M., Tibbetts, Robert J., Shallal, Anita B., and Veve, Michael P.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
177. Gasdermin D promotes influenza virus-induced mortality through neutrophil amplification of inflammation
- Author
-
Samuel Speaks, Matthew I. McFadden, Ashley Zani, Abigail Solstad, Steve Leumi, Jack E. Roettger, Adam D. Kenney, Hannah Bone, Lizhi Zhang, Parker J. Denz, Adrian C. Eddy, Amal O. Amer, Richard T. Robinson, Chuanxi Cai, Jianjie Ma, Emily A. Hemann, Adriana Forero, and Jacob S. Yount
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract Influenza virus activates cellular inflammasome pathways, which can be both beneficial and detrimental to infection outcomes. Here, we investigate the function of the inflammasome-activated, pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) during infection. Ablation of GSDMD in knockout (KO) mice (Gsdmd −/− ) significantly attenuates influenza virus-induced weight loss, lung dysfunction, lung histopathology, and mortality compared with wild type (WT) mice, despite similar viral loads. Infected Gsdmd −/− mice exhibit decreased inflammatory gene signatures shown by lung transcriptomics. Among these, diminished neutrophil gene activation signatures are corroborated by decreased detection of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase in KO mouse lungs. Indeed, directly infected neutrophils are observed in vivo and infection of neutrophils in vitro induces release of DNA and tissue-damaging enzymes that is largely dependent on GSDMD. Neutrophil depletion in infected WT mice recapitulates the reductions in mortality, lung inflammation, and lung dysfunction observed in Gsdmd −/− animals, while depletion does not have additive protective effects in Gsdmd −/− mice. These findings implicate a function for GSDMD in promoting lung neutrophil responses that amplify influenza virus-induced inflammation and pathogenesis. Targeting the GSDMD/neutrophil axis may provide a therapeutic avenue for treating severe influenza.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
178. Relations as Immunity: Building Community Resilience
- Author
-
Martha Kenney and Ruth Müller
- Subjects
resilience ,neoliberalism ,biosociality ,immunity ,relationality ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Resilience—a term that originated in mathematical ecology—now commonly refers to the ability to thrive in the face of trauma and adversity. This Position Piece reflects on both the charisma and political lability of resilience in the early 21st century. On the one hand, resilience is easily compatible with neoliberal discourses that demand that individuals protect themselves in the absence of state or community support. On the other hand, resilience can be an important corrective to narratives about the damage caused by trauma, focusing attention on our innate ability to heal. We argue that the ambivalence of resilience requires theoretical and empirical attention to both the wider appeal of the term and the situated definitions deployed by diverse actors. In particular, we look at the rise of the term ‘community resilience’ popularised by academics, community leaders, and activists, which seeks to avoid the pitfalls of the neoliberal definition of resilience and argues that strong interpersonal relationships can support health equity. Despite the ambivalence of resilience, we find “community resilience” to be promising in a time when collective visions of health and immunity are desperately needed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
179. Impact of nutrition on skin wound healing and aesthetic outcomes: A comprehensive narrative review
- Author
-
Ishith Seth, Bryan Lim, Jevan Cevik, Dylan Gracias, Marcel Chua, Peter Sinkjaer Kenney, Warren M. Rozen, and Roberto Cuomo
- Subjects
Nutrition ,Skin healing ,Wound healing ,Aesthetic ,Cosmetic outcomes ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Background: While current wound treatment strategies often focus on antimicrobials and topical agents, the role of nutrition in wound healing and aesthetic outcomes is crucial but frequently overlooked. This review assesses the impact of specific nutrients and preoperative nutritional status on surgical outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, from the inception of the study to October 2023. The study focused on the influence of macronutrients and micronutrients on aesthetic outcomes, the optimization of preoperative nutritional status, and the association between nutritional status and postoperative complications. Inclusion criteria were English language peer-reviewed articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials related to the impact of nutrition on skin wound healing and aesthetic outcomes. Exclusion criteria included non-English publications, non-peer-reviewed articles, opinion pieces, and animal studies. Results: Omega-3 fatty acids and specific amino acids were linked to enhanced wound-healing and immune function. Vitamins A, B, and C and zinc positively influenced healing stages, while vitamin E showed variable results. Polyphenolic compounds showed anti-inflammatory effects beneficial for recovery. Malnutrition was associated with increased postoperative complications and infections, whereas preoperative nutritional support correlated with reduced hospital stays and complications. Conclusion: Personalized nutritional plans are essential in surgical care, particularly for enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. Despite the demonstrated benefits of certain nutrients, gaps in research, particularly regarding elements such as iron, necessitate further studies. Nutritional assessments and interventions are vital for optimal preoperative care, underscoring the need for more comprehensive guidelines and research in nutritional management for surgical patients.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
180. Sea turtle density surface models along the United States Atlantic coast
- Author
-
A DiMatteo, JJ Roberts, D Jones, L Garrison, KM Hart, RD Kenney, WA McLellan, K Lomac-MacNair, D Palka, ME Rickard, KE Roberts, AM Zoidis, and L Sparks
- Subjects
Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Spatially explicit estimates of marine species distribution and abundance are required to quantify potential impacts from human activities such as military training and testing, fisheries interactions, and offshore energy development. There are 4 protected species of sea turtle (loggerhead, green, Kemp’s ridley, and leatherback) commonly found along the east coast of the USA, our study area, and which require impact assessments. Data from 7 different survey organizations were used to create density surface models for the 4 sea turtle species utilizing 1.2 million km of line-transect surveys. A substantial portion (29.7%) of available sightings were not identified to the species level. Not including these sightings would underestimate density, so a conditional random forest model was used to assign unidentified sightings to species. Higher densities of loggerhead, green, and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles were predicted south of the Outer Banks in cool months, transitioning northwards in late spring to occupy seasonal neritic habitats. The highest leatherback densities were predicted off the coasts of Georgia and Florida. Leatherbacks were also predicted throughout offshore areas. The predicted distribution patterns generally matched satellite tracking and strandings data, indicating the models reproduced established seasonal movements. Surveys rarely detect sea turtles smaller than 40 cm, so these age classes are not represented. The models are the first for the study area to apply availability bias estimates developed in or near the study area and attempt to classify unidentified sightings to the species level, providing an updated, critical tool for conservation management along the eastern seaboard.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
181. Opportunistic hand radiographs to screen for low forearm bone mineral density: a prospective and retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
Alana O’Mara, Faes Kerkhof, Deborah Kenney, Nicole Segovia, Paige Asbell, and Amy L. Ladd
- Subjects
Bone mineral density ,Forearm fractures ,Osteoporosis ,Hand x-rays ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Low bone mineral density affects 53% of women over age 65 in the US, yet many are unaware and remain untreated. Underdiagnosis of forearm osteoporosis and related fragility fractures represent missed warning signs of more deadly, future fractures. This study aimed to determine if hand radiographs could serve as early, simple screening tools for predicting low forearm bone mineral density (BMD). Methods We evaluated posterior-anterior (PA) hand radiographs (x-rays) and Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of 43 participants. The ratio of the intramedullary cavity to total cortical diameter of the second metacarpal (second metacarpal cortical percentage (2MCP)) was used as a potential diagnostic marker. Mixed-effects linear regression was performed to determine correlation of 2MCP with BMD from various anatomic regions. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare BMD across sites. An optimal 2MCP cutoff for predicting forearm osteopenia and osteoporosis was found using Receiver Operating Curves. Results 2MCP is directly correlated with BMD in the forearm. The optimal 2MCP of 48.3% had 80% sensitivity for detecting osteoporosis of the 1/3 distal forearm. An 2MCP cutoff of 50.8% had 84% sensitivity to detect osteoporosis of the most distal forearm. Both 2MCP cutoffs were more sensitive at predicting forearm osteoporosis than femoral neck T-scores. Conclusions These findings support the expansion of osteoporosis screening to include low-cost hand x-rays, aiming to increase diagnosis and treatment of low forearm BMD and fractures. Proposed next steps include confirming the optimal 2MCP cutoff at scale and integrating automatic 2MCP measurements into PAC systems.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
182. Young children’s development after forced displacement: a systematic review
- Author
-
Katharina Bernhardt, Saskia Le Beherec, Jana R. Uppendahl, Melia Fleischmann, Matthias Klosinski, Luisa M. Rivera, Georgia Samaras, Martha Kenney, Ruth Müller, Ina Nehring, Volker Mall, and Andrea Hahnefeld
- Subjects
Refugee ,Displacement ,Child ,Preschool ,Social-emotional development ,Cognitive development ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives To examine the impact of displacement experiences on 0- to 6-year-old children’s social-emotional and cognitive development, as well as influencing factors on reported outcomes. Study design We systematically searched MEDline, Psyndex, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Elsevier, TandF, Oxford Journal of Refugee Studies, Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, and Canada’s Journal on Refugees for existing literature regarding social-emotional and cognitive outcomes in children directly exposed to forced displacement due to political violence. Results were synthesized in the discussion and displayed using harvest plots. Results Our search generated 9,791 articles of which 32 were selected for review and evaluation according to NICE criteria. Included studies provided results for 6,878 forcibly displaced children. Measured outcomes were diverse and included areas such as peer relations, prosocial behavior, family functioning, play, intelligence, learning performance, and language development. Repeated exposure to adverse experiences, separation from parents, parental distress, as well as duration and quality of resettlement in the host country were reported as influencing factors in the reviewed studies. Conclusion As protective factors like secure and stable living conditions help to promote children’s development, we call for policies that enhance participation in the welcoming society for refugee families. Early integration with low-threshold access to health and educational facilities can help to mitigate the wide-ranging negative consequences of forced displacement on young children’s development.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
183. Evolutionary shift detection with ensemble variable selection
- Author
-
Wensha Zhang, Toby Kenney, and Lam Si Tung Ho
- Subjects
Evolutionary shift detection ,Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model ,LASSO ,Trait evolution ,Ensemble method ,Phylogenetic comparative methods ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 ,Evolution ,QH359-425 - Abstract
Abstract Abrupt environmental changes can lead to evolutionary shifts in trait evolution. Identifying these shifts is an important step in understanding the evolutionary history of phenotypes. The detection performances of different methods are influenced by many factors, including different numbers of shifts, shift sizes, where a shift occurs on a tree, and the types of phylogenetic structure. Furthermore, the model assumptions are oversimplified, so are likely to be violated in real data, which could cause the methods to fail. We perform simulations to assess the effect of these factors on the performance of shift detection methods. To make the comparisons more complete, we also propose an ensemble variable selection method (R package ELPASO) and compare it with existing methods (R packages $$\ell$$ ℓ 1ou and PhylogeneticEM). The performances of methods are highly dependent on the selection criterion. $$\ell$$ ℓ 1ou+pBIC is usually the most conservative method and it performs well when signal sizes are large. $$\ell$$ ℓ 1ou+BIC is the least conservative method and it performs well when signal sizes are small. The ensemble method provides more balanced choices between those two methods. Moreover, the performances of all methods are heavily impacted by measurement error, tree reconstruction error and shifts in variance.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
184. Assessment of pre-referral treatment for malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia by rural community health workers in Southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Michael Matte, Moses Ntaro, Jessica Kenney, Andrew Wesuta, Peter Chris Kawungezi, Shem Bwambale, David Ayebare, Stephen Baguma, Fred Bagenda, Geren Stone, and Edgar Mulogo
- Subjects
Community health workers ,Integrated community case management ,Pre-referral ,Children under five ,Rapid diagnostic test ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Pre-referral treatment aims to stabilize the child’s condition before transferring them to a higher level of healthcare. This study explored pre-referral treatment for diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia in children U5. The study aims to assess pre-referral treatment practices among community health workers (CHWs) for children aged 2 to 59 months diagnosed with malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia. Methods Conducted in 2023, this study employed a quantitative retrospective analysis of secondary data gathered from March 2014 to December 2018. Among the subjects, 171 patients received pre-referral treatment, serving as the foundation for categorical data analysis, presenting proportions and 95% confidence intervals across different categories. Results In this cohort, 90 (53%) of the 177 children U5 were male, and age distribution showed 39 (23%), 70 (41%), and 62 (36%) in the 2–11 months, 12–35 months, and 36–60 months categories, respectively. Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) malaria results indicated a negative outcome in 83(60%) and positive in 55 (40%) of cases. Symptomatically, 45 (26%) had diarrhea, 52 (30%) exhibited fast breathing, and 109 (63%) presented with fever. Furthermore, 59 (35%) displayed danger signs, while 104 (61%) sought medical attention within 24 h. Conclusion The study analyzed a sample of 171 children under 5 years old to assess various characteristics and variables related to pre-referral treatment. The findings reveal notable proportions in gender distribution, age categories, RDT results, presence of diarrhea, fast breathing, fever, danger signs, and timely medical visits. The results highlight the need to strengthen pre-referral treatment interventions and enhance iCCM programs.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. Reduced Navigation Error Using a Multi-Sensor Fusion Technique and Its Application in Synthetic Aperture Radar
- Author
-
Brian M. Sun, Russell H. Kenney, Mark B. Yeary, Hjalti H. Sigmarsson, and Jay W. McDaniel
- Subjects
Global positioning system ,iterative methods ,particle filters ,sensor fusion ,state estimation ,Telecommunication ,TK5101-6720 ,Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks ,TK452-454.4 - Abstract
Modern navigation solutions rely on a combination of inertial measurement units (IMUs) and a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver to estimate a navigating body's position. In order to produce a high-fidelity solution, the current approach is to utilize a single ultra-low bias navigational grade IMU in the system. However, these high-quality IMUs are expensive, bulky, heavy, and require significant power consumption. This article proposes the fusion of multiple lower-quality IMUs to achieve near-identical or better positional accuracy as a single high-quality sensor to minimize cost, size, weight, and power (C-SWaP) without sacrificing the positional estimation accuracy. The primary focus is on a generalized method to fuse multiple position estimations from multiple co-located IMUs for a single navigating body. The proposed fusion algorithm is applied to simulated data produced by three precision micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) grade IMU modules (Analog Devices ADIS16465) from two different simulated flight paths. The absolute error is calculated between the position estimation generated by the proposed algorithm and the “truth” position provided by the simulation to determine the accuracy of the final result. The error of the proposed algorithm using the Analog Devices modules is then compared to the error between a single navigational grade IMU (NovAtel IMU-ISA-100 C) and the simulated “truth” position. The results show that using only three precision MEMS grade IMUs; the proposed method can produce identically accurate position estimations as a navigational grade IMU while drastically reducing C-SWaP. This result is further validated in measured data from an instrumented test setup using the above mentioned IMU configurations fused with a standard GPS and compared to a real-time kinematic GNSS setup used as a the third-party ground truth. In addition, the proposed method is further validated by integrating the two navigation systems with a Ku-band radar to produce synthetic aperture radar images. The image produced using the multi-IMU configuration as opposed to the navigation-grade IMU is more focused. Given these results, the proposed method has been validated in theory, simulation, and measurement, resulting in an order of magnitude reduction in cost, size, and power consumption, as well as a three-and-a-half times weight reduction of the overall IMU solution.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. Photon counting from the vacuum ultraviolet to the short wavelength infrared using semiconductor and superconducting technologies
- Author
-
Asaadi, Jonathan, Baxter, Dan, Berggren, Karl K., Braga, Davide, Charlebois, Serge A., Chang, Clarence, Dragone, Angelo, Drlica-Wagner, Alex, Escobar, Carlos O., Estrada, Juan, Fahim, Farah, Febbraro, Michael, Moroni, Guillermo Fernandez, Holland, Stephen, Hossbach, Todd, Koppell, Stewart, Leitz, Christopher, Magnoni, Agustina, Mazin, Benjamin A., Pratte, Jean-François, Rauscher, Bernie, Rodrigues, Dario, Shen, Lingjia, Sofo-Haro, Miguel, Tiffenberg, Javier, Turner, Joshua, Rota, Lorenzo, Kenney, Christopher J., Vachon, Frédéric, and Wang, Gensheng
- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
In the last decade, several photon counting technologies have been developed opening a new window for experiments in the low photon number regime. Several ongoing and future projects in HEP benefit from these developments, which will also have a large impact outside HEP. During the next decade there is a clear technological opportunity to fully develop these sensors and produce a large impact in HEP. In this white paper we discuss the need for photon counting technologies in future projects, and present some technological opportunities to address those needs.
- Published
- 2022
187. Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors on CMOS technologies
- Author
-
Apadula, Nicole, Armstrong, Whitney, Brau, James, Breidenbach, Martin, Caputo, R., Carinii, Gabriella, Collu, Alberto, Demarteau, Marcel, Deptuch, Grzegorz, Dragone, Angelo, Giacomini, Gabriele, Grace, Carl, Graf, Norman, Greiner, Leo, Herbst, Ryan, Haller, Gunther, Jadhav, Manoj, Joosten, Sylvester, Kenney, Christopher J., Kierans, C., Kim, Jihee, Markiewicz, Thomas, Mei, Yuan, Metcalfe, Jessica, Meziani, Zein-Eddine, Nelson, Tim K., Peng, Chao, Pinaroli, Giovanni, Reimer, Paul E., Rota, Lorenzo, Scott, Marshall, Segal, Julie, Sichterman, Ernst, Sinev, Nikolai, Steinhebel, A., Strom, David, Tricoli, Alessandro, Vernieri, Caterina, Young, Charles, and Zurek, Maria
- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
Collider detectors have taken advantage of the resolution and accuracy of silicon detectors for at least four decades. Future colliders will need large areas of silicon sensors for low mass trackers and sampling calorimetry. Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS), in which Si diodes and readout circuitry are combined in the same pixels, and can be fabricated in some of standard CMOS processes, are a promising technology for high-granularity and light detectors. In this paper we review 1) the requirements on MAPS for trackers and electromagnetic calorimeters (ECal) at future colliders experiments, 2) the ongoing efforts towards dedicated MAPS for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at BNL, for which the EIC Silicon Consortium was already instantiated, and 3) space-born applications for MeV $\gamma$-ray experiments with MAPS based trackers (AstroPix)., Comment: 25 pages, 18 figures, contribution to Snowmass 2021
- Published
- 2022
188. Measuring the electron neutrino mass using the electron capture decay of 163Ho
- Author
-
Ullom, Joel, Schmidt, Daniel, Bandler, Simon, Stevenson, Thomas, Croce, Mark, Koehler, Katrina, De Gerone, Matteo, Gastaldo, Loredana, Enss, Christian, Kim, Geonbo, Nucciotti, Angelo, Ragazzi, Stefano, Leach, Kyle, Parno, Diana, Mong, Brian, Frisch, Josef, and Kenney, Christopher
- Subjects
Nuclear Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
While the mass differences between neutrino mass states are known, their absolute masses and mass hierarchy have not yet been determined. Determining the mass of neutrinos provides access to physics beyond the Standard Model and the resulting value has implications for the growth of large-scale structure in the universe over cosmic history. Because of the importance of the topic, a number of efforts are already underway to determine the mass of neutrinos including direct kinematic measurements and indirect measurements of astrophysical phenomena that constrain the sum of the mass eigenstates through models of cosmic evolution. Here, we advocate for a collaborative international effort to perform a kinematic determination of the effective electron neutrino mass using calorimetric measurements of the decay of 163Ho. This effort is justified by the success of current experiments using the technique, its high benefit-to-cost ratio, the value of approaches with different systematic errors, and the value of measuring the electron neutrino mass rather than the electron anti-neutrino mass., Comment: contribution to Snowmass 2021
- Published
- 2022
189. Resource Allocation for Single Carrier Massive MIMO Systems
- Author
-
Kenney, Brent A., Majid, Arslan J., Moradi, Hussein, and Farhang-Boroujeny, Behrouz
- Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
Resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is performed through allocating blocks of subcarriers to each user. Even though OFDM is the primary waveform for 5G NR systems, research reports have noted that single carrier modulation (SCM) offers several advantages over OFDM in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, making it a preferred candidate for some future applications such as massive machine type communications (mMTC). This paper presents a method for SCM resource allocation and the relevant information recovery algorithms at the receiver. Our emphasis is on cyclic prefixed SCM, where highly flexible and efficient frequency domain detection algorithms enable the operation of many simultaneous users in a massive MIMO uplink scenario. The proposed resource allocation method allows the number of users to exceed the number of antennas at the base station (BS). Each single carrier transmission is partitioned into $L$ interleaved streams, and each user is allocated a number of such streams. One major benefit of SCM is that each data symbol is spread over the entire bandwidth. As such, the receiver performance is dictated by the average channel gain across the transmission band rather than the channel gain at a given frequency bin or a small group of frequencies. In the proposed setup, each stream may be thought of as a resource block in SCM, analogous to resource blocks in OFDM. Hence, in the context of this paper, the terms resource blocks and streams may be used interchangeably., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted by IEEE ICC 2022
- Published
- 2022
190. Non-star-forming molecular gas in the Abell 1367 intra-cluster multiphase orphan cloud
- Author
-
Jáchym, Pavel, Sun, Ming, Yagi, Masafumi, Ge, Chong, Luo, Rongxin, Combes, Françoise, Kabátová, Anežka, Kenney, Jeffrey D. P., Scott, Tom C., and Brinks, Elias
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We report the detection of CO emission in the recently discovered multiphase isolated gas cloud in the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 1367. The cloud is located about 800 kpc in projection from the center of the cluster and at a projected distance of > 80 kpc from any galaxy. It is the first and the only known isolated intra-cluster cloud detected in X-ray, H$\alpha$, and CO emission. We found a total of about $2.2\times 10^8 M_\odot$ of H$_2$ with the IRAM 30-m telescope in two regions, one associated with the peak of H$\alpha$ emission and another with the peak of X-ray emission surrounded by weak H$\alpha$ filaments. The velocity of the molecular gas is offset from the underlying H$\alpha$ emission by > 100 km s$^{-1}$ in the region where the X-ray peaks. The molecular gas may account for about 10% of the total cloud's mass, which is dominated by the hot X-ray component. The previously measured upper limit on the star formation rate in the cloud indicates that the molecular component is in a non-star-forming state, possibly due to a combination of low density of the gas and the observed level of velocity dispersion. The presence of the three gas phases associated with the cloud suggests that gas phase mixing with the surrounding intra-cluster medium is taking place. The possible origin of the orphan cloud is a late evolutionary stage of a ram pressure stripping event. In contrast, the nearby ram pressure stripped galaxy 2MASX J11443212+2006238 is in an early phase of stripping and we detected about $2.4\times 10^9 M_\odot$ of H$_2$ in its main body., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. Stone Duality for Topological Convexity Spaces
- Author
-
Kenney, Toby
- Subjects
Mathematics - Category Theory ,Mathematics - Geometric Topology ,18F70, 06D22 - Abstract
A convexity space is a set X with a chosen family of subsets (called convex subsets) that is closed under arbitrary intersections and directed unions. There is a lot of interest in spaces that have both a convexity space and a topological space structure. In this paper, we study the category of topological convexity spaces and extend the Stone duality between coframes and topological spaces to an adjunction between topological convexity spaces and sup-lattices. We factor this adjunction through the category of preconvexity spaces (somtimes called closure spaces)., Comment: 31 pages
- Published
- 2022
192. Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL)...On Your Credit Card
- Author
-
Guttman-Kenney, Benedict, Firth, Christopher, and Gathergood, John
- Subjects
Economics - General Economics - Abstract
We provide the first economic research on `buy now, pay later' (BNPL): an unregulated FinTech credit product enabling consumers to defer payments into interest-free instalments. We study BNPL using UK credit card transaction data. We document consumers charging BNPL transactions to their credit card. Charging of BNPL to credit cards is most prevalent among younger consumers and those living in the most deprived geographies. Charging a $0\%$ interest, amortizing BNPL debt to credit cards - where typical interest rates are $20\%$ and amortization schedules decades-long - raises doubts on these consumers' ability to pay for BNPL. This prompts a regulatory question as to whether consumers should be allowed to refinance their unsecured debt.
- Published
- 2022
193. Teachers’ Insights on the Training, Coaching, and Implementation of the Good Behavior Game
- Author
-
Skinner, Lacy, Coleman, Stephanie L., and Kenney, Elizabeth
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
194. Py-Feat: Python Facial Expression Analysis Toolbox
- Author
-
Cheong, Jin Hyun, Jolly, Eshin, Xie, Tiankang, Byrne, Sophie, Kenney, Matthew, and Chang, Luke J.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in humans with alternative NF-κB pathway deficiency
- Author
-
Le Voyer, Tom, Parent, Audrey V., Liu, Xian, Cederholm, Axel, Gervais, Adrian, Rosain, Jérémie, Nguyen, Tina, Perez Lorenzo, Malena, Rackaityte, Elze, Rinchai, Darawan, Zhang, Peng, Bizien, Lucy, Hancioglu, Gonca, Ghillani-Dalbin, Pascale, Charuel, Jean-Luc, Philippot, Quentin, Gueye, Mame Sokhna, Maglorius Renkilaraj, Majistor Raj Luxman, Ogishi, Masato, Soudée, Camille, Migaud, Mélanie, Rozenberg, Flore, Momenilandi, Mana, Riller, Quentin, Imberti, Luisa, Delmonte, Ottavia M., Müller, Gabriele, Keller, Baerbel, Orrego, Julio, Franco Gallego, William Alexander, Rubin, Tamar, Emiroglu, Melike, Parvaneh, Nima, Eriksson, Daniel, Aranda-Guillen, Maribel, Berrios, David I., Vong, Linda, Katelaris, Constance H., Mustillo, Peter, Raedler, Johannes, Bohlen, Jonathan, Bengi Celik, Jale, Astudillo, Camila, Winter, Sarah, McLean, Catriona, Guffroy, Aurélien, DeRisi, Joseph L., Yu, David, Miller, Corey, Feng, Yi, Guichard, Audrey, Béziat, Vivien, Bustamante, Jacinta, Pan-Hammarström, Qiang, Zhang, Yu, Rosen, Lindsey B., Holland, Steve M., Bosticardo, Marita, Kenney, Heather, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Slade, Charlotte A., Boztuğ, Kaan, Mahlaoui, Nizar, Latour, Sylvain, Abraham, Roshini S., Lougaris, Vassilios, Hauck, Fabian, Sediva, Anna, Atschekzei, Faranaz, Sogkas, Georgios, Poli, M. Cecilia, Slatter, Mary A., Palterer, Boaz, Keller, Michael D., Pinzon-Charry, Alberto, Sullivan, Anna, Droney, Luke, Suan, Daniel, Wong, Melanie, Kane, Alisa, Hu, Hannah, Ma, Cindy, Grombiříková, Hana, Ciznar, Peter, Dalal, Ilan, Aladjidi, Nathalie, Hie, Miguel, Lazaro, Estibaliz, Franco, Jose, Keles, Sevgi, Malphettes, Marion, Pasquet, Marlene, Maccari, Maria Elena, Meinhardt, Andrea, Ikinciogullari, Aydan, Shahrooei, Mohammad, Celmeli, Fatih, Frosk, Patrick, Goodnow, Christopher C., Gray, Paul E., Belot, Alexandre, Kuehn, Hye Sun, Rosenzweig, Sergio D., Miyara, Makoto, Licciardi, Francesco, Servettaz, Amélie, Barlogis, Vincent, Le Guenno, Guillaume, Herrmann, Vera-Maria, Kuijpers, Taco, Ducoux, Grégoire, Sarrot-Reynauld, Françoise, Schuetz, Catharina, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Rieux-Laucat, Frédéric, Tangye, Stuart G., Sobacchi, Cristina, Doffinger, Rainer, Warnatz, Klaus, Grimbacher, Bodo, Fieschi, Claire, Berteloot, Laureline, Bryant, Vanessa L., Trouillet Assant, Sophie, Su, Helen, Neven, Benedicte, Abel, Laurent, Zhang, Qian, Boisson, Bertrand, Cobat, Aurélie, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Kampe, Olle, Bastard, Paul, Roifman, Chaim M., Landegren, Nils, Notarangelo, Luigi D., Anderson, Mark S., Casanova, Jean-Laurent, and Puel, Anne
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
196. Impact of mental health components on the development of back pain in young adults with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
- Author
-
Lau, Kenney Ki Lee, Kwan, Kenny Yat Hong, Cheung, Jason Pui Yin, Law, Karlen Ka Pui, and Cheung, Kenneth Man Chee
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) Inhibitors as Therapy for Cerebrovascular Dysfunction in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury
- Author
-
Kalyani, Priyanka, Lippa, Sara M., Werner, J. Kent, Amyot, Franck, Moore, Carol B., Kenney, Kimbra, and Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. Validation of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Insights Using a Generalized Oncology Natural Language Processing Model
- Author
-
Kenney, Rachel C., Chen, Xiaoren, Shintani, Kazuki, Gagnon, Clara, Liu, John, DaCosta Byfield, Stacey, Ochs, Lorre, and Currie, Anne-Marie
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Shawn Fain Is Done Making Nice: The combative new president of the United Auto Workers has emerged as the strongest voice in a resurgent labor movement in America
- Author
-
Kenney, John
- Subjects
Presidents (Organizations) -- Interviews ,Automobile industry ,Labor movement ,Automobile Industry ,Fashion and beauty ,General interest ,United Automobile Workers -- Officials and employees - Abstract
IT ALL STARTED WITH A HANDSHAKE, OR at least it was supposed to. For as long as anyone can remember, contract negotiations between the United Auto Workers and Detroit's Big [...]
- Published
- 2024
200. Platform power and regulatory politics: Polanyi for the twenty-first century
- Author
-
Cioffi, John W, Kenney, Martin F, and Zysman, John
- Subjects
Platform power ,platform regulation ,competition policy ,Polanyi ,double movement ,Digital Markets Act ,Digital Services Act ,European Union ,Platform economy ,antitrust ,monopoly ,Economic Theory ,Policy and Administration ,Political Science ,International Relations - Abstract
Intensifying concerns about online platform firms’ rapid rise, expansion, and growing asymmetric power have attracted political scrutiny and undermined the legitimacy of a minimalist regulatory regime that is giving way to intense debate and increasingly interventionist governmental policies and enforcement actions. First, we view the rise of, and recent political responses to, the often-predatory power and manipulative conduct of platform firm in terms of a ‘Polanyian’ double movement in which the destabilising and destructive effects of unchecked corporate activities and market development eventually generates political and regulatory responses to constrain private power that threaten the social, political, and economic order. Second, incipient legal changes, most notably the EU’s proposed Digital Markets Act and Digital Services Act, indicate a shift in regulatory emphasis from competition (and antitrust) policy and law towards more intensive and encompassing forms of socio-economic regulation. Finally, these regulatory changes will likely vary in character and significance across political jurisdictions, and embody distinctive and possibly divergent developmental trajectories. The EU may have a first-mover advantage in regulating platform firms, but we are only at the very beginning of a protracted and conflictual transformational process.
- Published
- 2022
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.